CN109853648B - Digging machine - Google Patents
Digging machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN109853648B CN109853648B CN201910040318.5A CN201910040318A CN109853648B CN 109853648 B CN109853648 B CN 109853648B CN 201910040318 A CN201910040318 A CN 201910040318A CN 109853648 B CN109853648 B CN 109853648B
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- excavator
- rotor
- hydraulic
- stator
- tilt cylinder
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, and provides an excavator, which comprises an excavator body, a movable arm arranged on the excavator body, an excavator bucket mechanism connected with the movable arm and an articulated mechanism, wherein the articulated mechanism comprises a first hydraulic swing cylinder arranged on the movable arm of the excavator and a hinged shaft which is connected with a rotor of the first hydraulic swing cylinder and swings left and right along with the rotation of the rotor. According to the excavator provided by the embodiment of the invention, the hinge mechanism is applied to the movable arm of the excavator, and the structure that the hinge shaft is driven by the first hydraulic swing cylinder to swing left and right replaces the left and right rotation of the movable arm, so that the frequent rotation of the excavator body is avoided, the fatigue problem of a driver in a cab is solved, and the operation quality and the operation efficiency are improved; the second hydraulic swing cylinder drives the bucket mechanism to move up and down, the rotating range is larger than that of the traditional excavator, and the maximum operation space of the excavator is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to an excavator.
Background
The excavator is widely applied to the fields of municipal administration, traffic, farmland, water conservancy, modern military engineering and the like, and is a main industrial device. The existing excavator is mainly driven by a linear oil cylinder and other auxiliary mechanisms, the structure of the existing excavator limits the maximum operation space and flexibility to a great extent, in the operation process, a cab needs to rotate constantly to complete the operation of the excavator bucket at a specified position, however, frequent rotation inevitably increases the fatigue degree of a driver, and the operation quality and the operation efficiency are influenced to a great extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an excavator, which is used for solving the problem of driving fatigue caused by frequent rotation of a cab of a traditional excavator in the prior art and realizing improvement of operation quality and efficiency.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an excavator, including: the excavator comprises an excavator body, a movable arm arranged on the excavator body, a bucket mechanism connected with the movable arm and a hinge mechanism; the hinge mechanism comprises a first hydraulic swing cylinder arranged on a movable arm of the excavator and a hinge shaft which is connected with a rotor of the first hydraulic swing cylinder and swings right along with the rotation of the rotor;
the outer side wall of the rotor is provided with at least one slot, and the first end of the hinge shaft is provided with at least one insertion block which is correspondingly inserted into the slot;
the stator of the first hydraulic tilt cylinder is arranged at the end part of the movable arm, and the rotor is axially arranged in the inner cavity of the stator; the first end of the hinge shaft penetrates through the stator to be connected with the rotor and rotates around the central shaft of the rotor;
the bucket mechanism is connected with the second end of the hinge shaft of the hinge mechanism through a second hydraulic swing cylinder, rotates left and right along with the hinge shaft and is driven by the second hydraulic swing cylinder to move up and down;
the bucket mechanism includes: the excavator comprises a bucket rod and an excavator bucket arranged at the first end of the bucket rod;
the second end of the bucket rod is connected with a rotor/stator of the second hydraulic tilt cylinder, and the second end of the hinge shaft is connected with the stator/rotor of the second hydraulic tilt cylinder;
the bucket is connected with the first end of the bucket rod through a third hydraulic swing cylinder and is driven by the third hydraulic swing cylinder to move up and down; the rotor/stator of the third hydraulic tilt cylinder is connected with the first end of the bucket rod, and the stator/rotor of the third hydraulic tilt cylinder is connected with the bucket;
the excavator further comprises a rotary table arranged on the excavator body; the movable arm is connected with the rotary table through a fourth hydraulic swing cylinder and driven by the fourth hydraulic swing cylinder to move up and down.
According to the excavator provided by the embodiment of the invention, the excavator bucket mechanism is connected with the movable arm of the excavator through the hinge mechanism, so that the left-right rotation is realized through the hinge mechanism, the left-right rotation of the movable arm is replaced, the excavating operation of the excavator bucket mechanism can be realized only through the up-down movement of the movable arm and the left-right rotation of the hinge mechanism, the structure avoids the frequent rotation of the excavator body, the fatigue problem of a driver in a cab is solved, and the operation quality and the operation efficiency are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a hinge mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a first embodiment of a hydraulic tilt cylinder according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a first embodiment of the hydraulic tilt cylinder of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein:
100-a fuselage; 200-a movable arm; 300-a bucket mechanism; 301-a dipper; 302-a bucket; 400-hinge mechanism; 401-a first hydraulic tilt cylinder; 402-a hinge shaft; 411-rotor of the first hydraulic tilt cylinder; 412-the stator of the first hydraulic tilt cylinder; 413-annular sealing chamber; 414-first blade; 415-a second blade; 416-an oil inlet; 500-a turntable; 601-a second hydraulic tilt cylinder; 602-a third hydraulic tilt cylinder; 603-a fourth hydraulic tilt cylinder; 4021-insert block.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the hinge mechanism of the present invention. The hinge mechanism 400 of the embodiment of the present invention is mainly used for an excavator, and generally, the excavator includes: a body 100 (i.e., a cab, which is a work control body), and a boom 200 (a transmission mechanism of an actuator body) connected to the body 100. Since the body 100 of the conventional excavator needs to rotate left and right synchronously when the movable arm 200 performs the left and right rotation, which causes fatigue driving of a driver in a cab, the hinge mechanism 400 according to the embodiment of the present invention can replace the left and right rotation of the movable arm 200, thereby preventing the body 100 from rotating frequently.
As shown in fig. 1, the hinge mechanism 400 includes: a first hydraulic tilt cylinder 401 provided on the excavator boom 200, and a hinge shaft 402 connected to a rotor 411 of the first hydraulic tilt cylinder and swinging left and right according to the rotation of the rotor 411.
Specifically, the first hydraulic tilt cylinder 401 may employ a hydraulic tilt cylinder commonly used in the art, and generally includes: the device comprises a rotor 411, a stator 412 and a hydraulic driving mechanism, wherein the rotor 411 and the stator 412 rotate relatively under the driving of the hydraulic driving mechanism.
In the present embodiment, the first hydraulic tilt cylinder 401 is fixed by mounting the stator 412 on the boom 200 of the excavator, and it is preferable that the stator 412 is mounted on the end of the boom 200 in order to facilitate the rotation of the hinge shaft 402. The rotor 411 and the stator 412 are usually in a sleeved structure, in this embodiment, preferably, the stator 412 is sleeved outside the rotor 411, the rotor 411 is axially disposed in the inner cavity of the stator 412, and the rotor 411 may also be sleeved outside the stator 412, which is not limited in the present invention.
The hinge shaft 402 is connected with a rotor 411 of the first hydraulic tilt cylinder and rotates around the central axis of the rotor 411 along with the rotor 411, and the hinge shaft 402 can be installed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 411 in a welding fixing or detachable clamping connection mode. In another embodiment, a specific clamping manner is provided: at least one slot is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 411 of the first hydraulic tilt cylinder, at least one insert 4021 which is in one-to-one corresponding insertion with the slot is arranged at the first end of the hinge shaft 402, and preferably at least 2 slots are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor in an annular array. When the stator 412 is sleeved outside the rotor 411, the hinge shaft 402 needs to pass through the stator 412 to be connected with the rotor 411, specifically, the rotor 411 can be extended to the outside of the stator 412, the hinge shaft 402 is installed on the rotor 411 in a welding or clamping manner, or a circumferential through hole for the hinge shaft 402 to move is formed in the stator 412, and a first end of the hinge shaft 402 passes through the circumferential through hole to be connected with the rotor 411.
The hinge shaft 402 rotates left and right under the rotation of the rotor 411, and in order to meet the requirement that the rotor 411 drives the hinge shaft 402 to rotate left and right, when the first hydraulic tilt cylinder 401 is installed on the movable arm 200 of the excavator, it is only required to ensure that the direction of the central axis of the rotor 411 is consistent with the up-and-down movement direction of the movable arm 200, that is, the rotor 411 drives the hinge shaft 402 to rotate around the up-and-down movement direction of the movable arm 200, so that when the movable arm 200 moves up and down, the hinge shaft 402 can move left and right under the driving of the first hydraulic tilt cylinder 401. Preferably, the central axis of the rotor 411 coincides with the vertical movement direction of the boom 200, and the central axis of the rotor 411 may be perpendicular to the boom 200, and in this case, the hinge shaft 402 is axially parallel to the boom 200.
The hinge mechanism 400 provided by the embodiment of the invention is arranged on a movable arm 200 of an excavator, and the structure that a hinge shaft 402 is driven by a first hydraulic swing cylinder 401 to swing left and right replaces the left and right rotation of the movable arm 200, so that the frequent rotation of the machine body 100 is avoided, the fatigue problem of a driver in a cab is solved, and the operation quality and the operation efficiency are improved.
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a first embodiment of the hydraulic tilt cylinder of the present invention; fig. 3 is a schematic top view of a first embodiment of the hydraulic tilt cylinder according to the present invention. On the basis of the above embodiments, the present embodiment provides a specific structure of the first hydraulic tilt cylinder 401, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the first hydraulic tilt cylinder 401 includes a stator 412, a rotor 411, and a hydraulic driving mechanism, and the hydraulic driving mechanism further includes: an annular seal chamber 413 provided between the rotor 411 and the stator 412 of the first hydraulic tilt cylinder, a first vane 414 provided on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor 411 of the first hydraulic tilt cylinder, and a second vane 415 provided on the inner side surface of the stator 412 of the first hydraulic tilt cylinder; the first blade 414 and the second blade 415 are respectively arranged in the annular sealing cavity 413, the annular sealing cavity 413 is divided into a high-pressure oil cavity and a low-pressure oil cavity to form hydraulic pressure difference, and the high-pressure oil cavity and the low-pressure oil cavity are driven to rotate under the pressure of the hydraulic pressure difference, so that the rotor 411 and the stator 412 are driven to rotate relatively; the stator 412 is provided with an oil inlet 416 for supplying oil into the annular seal chamber 413.
Specifically, the oil inlet 416 is communicated with the annular sealing cavity 413, and is communicated with the oil inlet 416 through an oil guide pipe so as to continuously provide hydraulic oil into the annular sealing cavity 413, and a hydraulic pressure difference is continuously generated, so that a driving force is provided. The circumference of the annular sealing chamber 413 determines the rotational stroke of the first vane 414 and the second vane 415, and thus the rotational angle of the hinge shaft 402, so that the circumference of the annular sealing chamber 413 can be set according to the actual rotational angle of the hinge shaft 402, and the larger the circumference of the annular sealing chamber 413, the larger the rotational angle of the hinge shaft 402.
Compared with the traditional linear driving, the hydraulic driving mechanism has the advantages that the hydraulic swing cylinder has a large rotating angle, the maximum operation space of the excavator is enlarged, meanwhile, the hydraulic swing cylinder utilizes the hydraulic driving control of the blades, the mechanical structure that a linear oil cylinder can be converted into rotary motion only by combining a mechanical transmission device is avoided structurally, the structure is compact and light, the energy consumption is low, and the hydraulic driving mechanism has high flexibility.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an excavator according to an embodiment of the invention. An embodiment of the present invention further provides an excavator, and as shown in fig. 4, the excavator includes: the excavator includes a body 100, a boom 200 provided to the body 100, and an bucket mechanism 300 connected to the boom 200. The body 100 (i.e., a cab) serves as a work control body, the boom 200 serves as a transmission mechanism of an actuator, the bucket mechanism 300 serves as an actuator, and a driver operates a control panel in the cab to control the boom 200 to move the bucket mechanism 300 to a predetermined position for an excavation operation.
The excavator according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes the hinge mechanism 400 according to any one of the above embodiments, and the specific structure of the hinge mechanism 400 is as described above and will not be described herein again. The excavator bucket mechanism 300 is connected to the movable arm 200 of the excavator through the hinge mechanism 400, so that the left and right rotation is realized through the hinge mechanism 400, instead of the left and right rotation of the movable arm 200, the excavation operation of the excavator bucket mechanism 300 can be realized only through the up and down movement of the movable arm 200 and the left and right rotation of the hinge mechanism 400, the structure avoids the frequent rotation of the machine body 100, solves the fatigue problem of a driver in a cab, and improves the operation quality and the operation efficiency.
In order to realize the up-and-down movement of the bucket mechanism 300, in the present embodiment, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the bucket mechanism 300 is connected to the second end of the hinge shaft 402 of the hinge mechanism 400 through the second hydraulic tilt cylinder 601, and the bucket mechanism 300 rotates left and right along with the hinge shaft 402 and is driven by the second hydraulic tilt cylinder 601 to move up and down. Specifically, the second hydraulic tilt cylinder 601 may adopt the same hydraulic tilt cylinder structure as the first hydraulic tilt cylinder 401, and the bucket mechanism 300 may specifically be composed of an arm 301 and a bucket 302 disposed at a first end of the arm 301, wherein a second end of the arm 301 is connected to a rotor/stator of the second hydraulic tilt cylinder 601, and a second end of the hinge 402 is connected to a stator/rotor of the second hydraulic tilt cylinder 601 (i.e., the second end of the arm 301 is connected to the rotor of the second hydraulic tilt cylinder 601, the second end of the hinge 402 is connected to the stator of the second hydraulic tilt cylinder 601, or the second end of the arm 301 is connected to the stator of the second hydraulic tilt cylinder 601, and the second end of the hinge 402 is connected to the rotor of the second hydraulic tilt cylinder 601).
The second hydraulic tilt cylinder 601 adopts the same hydraulic tilt cylinder structure as the first hydraulic tilt cylinder 401, drives the bucket mechanism 300 to move up and down, can improve the rotation angle of the bucket mechanism 300 in the up-down direction, increases the working space, and has a larger working range than that of the traditional excavator; meanwhile, the hydraulic driving control of the blades has the characteristics of compactness and light weight, is low in energy consumption and high in flexibility, and can better simulate the hand digging action.
On the basis of the above embodiments, in the present embodiment, the bucket 302 is connected to the first end of the arm 301 through the third hydraulic tilt cylinder 602, and is driven by the third hydraulic tilt cylinder 602 to move up and down; wherein the rotor/stator of the third hydraulic tilt cylinder 602 is connected to the first end of the stick 301, and the stator/rotor of the third hydraulic tilt cylinder 602 is connected to the bucket 302 (i.e. the rotor of the third hydraulic tilt cylinder 602 is connected to the first end of the stick 301, and the stator of the third hydraulic tilt cylinder 602 is connected to the bucket 302, or the stator of the third hydraulic tilt cylinder 602 is connected to the first end of the stick 301, and the rotor of the third hydraulic tilt cylinder 602 is connected to the bucket 302).
The third hydraulic tilt cylinder 602 may also adopt the same hydraulic tilt cylinder structure as the first hydraulic tilt cylinder 401, so as to increase the rotation angle of the bucket 302, increase the working space thereof, and improve the flexibility thereof.
The "first end" and the "second end" are opposite ends. The second end of the hinge shaft 402, the second end of the arm 301, the first end of the arm 301, and the end of the bucket 302 may be provided with a sleeve hole (or sleeve), respectively, and connected to the corresponding rotor or stator in a sleeve manner.
In addition to the above embodiments, in the present embodiment, the excavator further includes a revolving platform 500 provided on the body 100; the boom 200 is connected to the turn table 500 by a fourth hydraulic tilt cylinder 603, and is driven to move up and down by the fourth hydraulic tilt cylinder 603. Similarly, the fourth hydraulic tilt cylinder 603 may have the same hydraulic tilt cylinder structure as the first hydraulic tilt cylinder 401, and may increase the vertical rotation angle of the boom 200.
The excavator provided by the embodiment of the invention adopts the hydraulic tilt cylinder with four degrees of freedom, so that the maximum operation space of the excavator can be greatly improved, and the flexibility of the excavator is integrally improved.
The above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. An excavator comprises an excavator body, a movable arm arranged on the excavator body, and an excavator bucket mechanism connected with the movable arm, and is characterized by further comprising a hinge mechanism, wherein the hinge mechanism comprises a first hydraulic swing cylinder arranged on the movable arm of the excavator, and a hinge shaft which is connected with a rotor of the first hydraulic swing cylinder and swings right along with the rotation of the rotor;
the outer side wall of the rotor is provided with at least one slot, and the first end of the hinge shaft is provided with at least one insertion block which is correspondingly inserted into the slot;
the stator of the first hydraulic tilt cylinder is arranged at the end part of the movable arm, and the rotor is axially arranged in the inner cavity of the stator; the first end of the hinge shaft penetrates through the stator to be connected with the rotor and rotates around the central shaft of the rotor;
the bucket mechanism is connected with the second end of the hinge shaft of the hinge mechanism through a second hydraulic swing cylinder, rotates left and right along with the hinge shaft and is driven by the second hydraulic swing cylinder to move up and down;
the bucket mechanism includes: the excavator comprises a bucket rod and an excavator bucket arranged at the first end of the bucket rod;
the second end of the bucket rod is connected with a rotor/stator of the second hydraulic tilt cylinder, and the second end of the hinge shaft is connected with the stator/rotor of the second hydraulic tilt cylinder;
the bucket is connected with the first end of the bucket rod through a third hydraulic swing cylinder and is driven by the third hydraulic swing cylinder to move up and down; the rotor/stator of the third hydraulic tilt cylinder is connected with the first end of the bucket rod, and the stator/rotor of the third hydraulic tilt cylinder is connected with the bucket;
the excavator further comprises a rotary table arranged on the excavator body; the movable arm is connected with the rotary table through a fourth hydraulic swing cylinder and driven by the fourth hydraulic swing cylinder to move up and down.
2. The excavator of claim 1 wherein the hinge shaft is disposed axially parallel to the boom.
3. The excavator of claim 1 wherein the stator is provided with a circumferential through hole through which the hinge shaft is movable, the first end of the hinge shaft passing through the circumferential through hole to connect to the rotor.
4. The excavator of claim 1 wherein the first hydraulic tilt cylinder includes a hydraulic drive mechanism comprising: the first hydraulic tilt cylinder is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor of the first hydraulic tilt cylinder, and the second hydraulic tilt cylinder is arranged on the inner side surface of the stator of the first hydraulic tilt cylinder; the first blade and the second blade are respectively arranged in the annular sealing cavity, the annular sealing cavity is divided into a high-pressure oil cavity and a low-pressure oil cavity to form hydraulic pressure difference, and the high-pressure oil cavity and the low-pressure oil cavity are driven to rotate under the pressure of the hydraulic pressure difference, so that the rotor and the stator are driven to rotate relatively; and the stator is provided with an oil inlet for supplying oil to the annular sealing cavity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910040318.5A CN109853648B (en) | 2019-01-16 | 2019-01-16 | Digging machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910040318.5A CN109853648B (en) | 2019-01-16 | 2019-01-16 | Digging machine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109853648A CN109853648A (en) | 2019-06-07 |
| CN109853648B true CN109853648B (en) | 2021-07-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910040318.5A Expired - Fee Related CN109853648B (en) | 2019-01-16 | 2019-01-16 | Digging machine |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001027397A1 (en) * | 1999-10-08 | 2001-04-19 | Flynn Cornelius William O | Earth moving apparatus |
| CN2564626Y (en) * | 2002-08-01 | 2003-08-06 | 任中信 | Small multifunctional excavator |
| CN102286994A (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2011-12-21 | 安徽惊天液压智控股份有限公司 | Multifunctional hydraulic wrist for digging machine |
| DE202011100095U1 (en) * | 2011-05-02 | 2012-08-03 | Kinshofer Gmbh | Rotary drive for articulated arms of small excavators and the like |
| CN104747365A (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-07-01 | 合肥工业大学 | Hydraulic swing motor |
| CN105256850A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-01-20 | 巢湖学院 | Excavator bucket swing mechanism |
-
2019
- 2019-01-16 CN CN201910040318.5A patent/CN109853648B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001027397A1 (en) * | 1999-10-08 | 2001-04-19 | Flynn Cornelius William O | Earth moving apparatus |
| CN2564626Y (en) * | 2002-08-01 | 2003-08-06 | 任中信 | Small multifunctional excavator |
| DE202011100095U1 (en) * | 2011-05-02 | 2012-08-03 | Kinshofer Gmbh | Rotary drive for articulated arms of small excavators and the like |
| CN102286994A (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2011-12-21 | 安徽惊天液压智控股份有限公司 | Multifunctional hydraulic wrist for digging machine |
| CN104747365A (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-07-01 | 合肥工业大学 | Hydraulic swing motor |
| CN105256850A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-01-20 | 巢湖学院 | Excavator bucket swing mechanism |
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| CN109853648A (en) | 2019-06-07 |
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