HUE029620T2

HUE029620T2 - Tool insert for a device for grinding lump material and device comprising such an insert

Info

Publication number: HUE029620T2
Application number: HUE11166317A
Authority: HU
Inventors: Dipl -Ing Bruno Mayer
Original assignee: Stahlwerke Bochum Gmbh
Priority date: 2010-06-02
Filing date: 2011-05-17
Publication date: 2017-03-28
Also published as: EP2394741B1; PL2394741T3; RU2011121220A; DK2394741T3; PT2394741T; HRP20161094T1; LT2394741T; RS55178B1; SI2394741T1; RU2569001C2; EP2394741A1; ES2588977T3; DE102010022492A1

Description

The invención relates fco a tool insert; for a device for comminuting loop realer in 1., having an impact portion eh ich has at ehe free enter side t: her eel an impact face which the material to be eosodrrited strikes during practical ace, and having a securing portion which is connected at a side facing ana y from the impact face to the impact, portion and which is used for re leasable securing of the tool insert in the device. Such tool inserts axe, for example, protective caps or hammers of rotors which are need in breakers or shredders for corn·inuring stone, demolition materials; motor vehicles and the like, Such a device is known, for example, from IIS 4848681,

The invention also relates to such a device for comminuting lump material which is provided with a tool insert of the type in quest ion here. Such devices are used, for example, to comminute medal, stone or demolition ma serials, In this Instance, the tool inserts thereof are subjected to extreme loads both in the region of the impact faces thereof which come directly into contact with the material to be comminuted and in the regier; of the securing portion thereof, in which they are supported in the respective comminution machine.

The tool inserts ate in eoMninution devices of the type in. question here generally pivotably supported or fixedly mounted on a rotor, To this end, the rotor has a plurality of shafts which are supported in the rotor and on. which at least one tool insert is pivotably supported or fixed in each case by means or a hearing aperture which Is formed in the securing portion thereof, The pivotably supported tools can with, a corresponding rotational movement of. the rotor thus carry out oscillation movements during operation so that they shatter the maton al which strikes them, with particularly high kinetic energy.

Generally., the tool insères are produced as cast components* However, they nay also be produced as a welded construct loro a flume-cut component or as a forged component.

In practice, there are known tool inserts which are constructed as so-called ’beonoblocs^, Simple entiodimeots of these block-like inpact tools which comprise a single Oast material generally have a uniform hardness oner the cross-section and the length thereof, however, with mohobloc tools which are better adapted to the loads which occur in each ease, the impact portion which is directly subjected to the impacting load during practical use is constreefed to be harder/ whilst the hearing portion has a tougher, less hard structure and is consequently capable of better withstanding the dynamic loads which occur in practice in the region of the bearing aperture.

There are also used in practice tools which are subjected to impacts and in which in the region of the impact face inlays are cast in the impact body (DE ISS 25 512 AI). Äs a result of the striking loads which strike the impact faces thereof in a puIso-lose manner during the comminution process, the impact portions of the tool inserts axe subjected to a high striking abrasive wear. Therefore, they have to be replaced at regular intervals.

In known oommunit;ion devices of the type set out in the introduction as described, for example, in DÉ 197 56 275 Cl or DE 129 £7 765 hi, to this end the axes, which are curried by the rotor and on which the tool inserts are pivotably supported, arc pulled and the rotor is turned until the tool inserts fail out of the rotor os a result of gravitational force ,

During the assembly of sew tool inserts, the securing portions thereof are then inserted with the hearing opening thereof into the free space provided in the region of the respective hearings Subsequently, the hearing shaft is inserted through the cor responding receiving openings of the bearing and the bearing openings of the securing portion of the respective tool insert so that the tool insert can oscillate hack and forth on the shaft.

Since the tool inserts generally have a high weight and take up a large space, both the assembly of new tool inserts and the disassembly of worn tool inserts is time··consuming and laborsous, In this case, the assembly operations are additionally made more difficult by the tight spatial conditions and the shape of the tool inserts, which makes it particularly difficult to couple a crane to them in such a manner that the tool insert can he simply positioned in a precise manner.

Against this background., an object of the invention was to provide a tool insect .which can be assembled with less complexity in a device for comminuting lump material, Furthermore;· there is intended to be set out a device for comminuting lump material whose tool insert can be replaced in a comparatively simple manner,

With respect to the tool insert, this object has been achieved according to the invention by a idol insert which is constructed m accordance with claim 1, Advantageous embodiments are set out in. the claims which are dependent on '. ... .i, , .i. ,

With regard to the device for comrrb outira lump mater lei , the solution according to the invention to the problem set out above involves a device which is constructed in accordance with, claim till- tn advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention is set ont in the claim which is dependent on claim 1-411.

With the invention, there is provided a tool insert for a device for comminuting lump material which, in accordance with the prior art set out in the introduction, has an impson portion which has at the free outer side thereof an impact face which the material to be comminutes strifes during practical use, and has a securing portion which is connected at a aide facing away from the impact face to the impact portion and which is used for releasable securing of the tool insert in the device, according to the invention, in the new state of the tool insert at least on the impact portion there is provided at least one stop location which protrudes from, the impact face and to which a carrier means can bo connected* this stop location which is located on the impact face is freely accessible and can be readily reacted by the respective fitter. It is correspondingly simple to couple a carrier means, such as a lifting band or cable to the tool insert according to the invention, wherein, in order to couple the respective carrier means, it is of course also possible to use suitable stop means which are carried by the carrier means, such as hooks or shackles. Subsequently, the tool insert can. then, using a crane or the like, be moved into the assembly position thereof and retained until the bearing shaft on which the tool insert is supported in the completely mounted position thereof is also ass embied ,

Of course, two or more projections ray also be provided on the impact face according· to the invention if this is advantageous for reasons of capacity for manipulation or the tool insert during the assentLy thereof. This nayt for example, be indicated when the tool insert is very large or the spatial relationships are very cramped so that particularly seen re and precise post tooting of the tool insert is required.

As soon as the tool according to the invention is posittoned, the step location; which is provided, at the impact face thereof is no longer required. In this instance, the invention selective!y accepts that the stop location is very rapidly SO powerfully destroyed and removed by material to too conch noted which stribes it that it is already scarcely present even after a short period of use. The stop location which is provided on the impact face thus has in practical use almost no influence on the normal function and the impact power which the tool insert generates during practical use.

Since the stop location which is provided on the impact face' according: to the invention is used only during the assembly, it can be secured to the tool insert in any desired manner.

The only significant aspect is that the connection between the tool insert and the stop location is sufficient to safely absorb the loads which occur during the assembly of a .new insert. One possibility for this is to connect the stop location to the impact portion in a materially engaging manner, that is to say> for example, by means of welding, adhesive bonding, soldering or in a comparable manner, it is also conceivable to form the stop location integrally on the impact portion. This possibility has been found to be particularly advantageous in particular when the tool insert according to fene indention das been produced nolog casting techn iqu.es .

In order to ensure that the stop location is substenirai ly completely levelled, even after a short period of use, so that s in·; i fore i.y formed impact face which ensures a correspondingly uniform impact result is proviced on the tool, the stop location, may in the region of the transition thereof to the impact portion have a desired breaking iceat1on at which the stop location breaks in a selective manner when the material to be ccmoilnuted strikes.

In order to simplify the coupling of the carrier means which is used, the Stop location may have a through-opening, In this instance, it may, for example, be constructed in a hook-like manner so that a band or a cable can be directly coupled to the tool insert in. a simple manneft

Alternatively, it is also possible to form the stop location in the impact face of the impact portion in the manner of a pocket-like recess which is provided with an impact edge for correcting the carrier means. In. this instance, the impact edge may be constructed as a web -which ex wends freely over the pocket-like recess of the stop location. In. the event that the pocket-like recess is formed in the manner of a cavity in the impact portion, however, the impact edge may also be constructed on the edge of the roof portion, which edge delimits the introduction opening of the cavity and by means of which the recess is covered in the direction towards the impact face of the impact portion. Regardless of how the pocket-like step location is constructed, an advantage of this construction is that the tool inserts according to the invention in this embodiment can also readily be supported so as to be positioned on the impact face thereof in. the new state until they are Installed in the respective cosw-inufcion device »

In principle,, the embodiment according to the invention has been found to be advantageous ni tn all heavy and large-volume impact tool Inserts which, as a result of their heavy nought, can only be moved using a crane or a comparable lif ting device.. The possibility afforded by une invention of a single and therefore precise positioning of the tool insert is found to be particularly advantageous when the securing portion bap a bearing opening for pivotably securing the tool insert in the device for comminuting lump matériái, when the tool insert according to the invention is thus provided to be supportée on. an able or shaft tn the respective device, This is particularly the case when the support is a pivotable support which does not form a conn ter·" support for the tool insert to be mounted.

In addition to the stop location Which is provided on the impact face of a tool insert according to the ievention in the new state, the securing portion also lias a stop location for the releasable coupling of a carrier means. In accordance with the construction of the respective comminution device and the spatial relationships, this stop location can, for example, be used in the assembly of a tool insert according to the invention for coupling a cable or band by means of which the or ion ration of the insert at the assembly location is supported. However, the stop iocstien which is provided on the securing element and which is intended for coupling a carrier means has been found to be particularly advantageous during disassembly. It is thus possible to use the stop location which la not subjected to any wear during practical operation to securely couple that carrier means, by means of which a worn tool Insert is transported away after it has been disassembled, To this esdi the stop location may have, in. the manner of ah aperture, a th.rough-opening for coupling the carrier means or may, for erample, be constructed in. a hook-like manner, If the space oneupred by a protruding stop local.ion is not available in the respective ooicainution device, it is also conceivable to construct the stop location in the manner of a pocket which is formed in the securing portion arid in vdrich the carrier means engages for coupling. A. particularly uniform mass distribution which influences the pivot movement of the respective tool insert only to a. small extent is produced onea the stop location which is associated with the impact portion and the stop location of the securing portion each, have a through-opening for respectively coupling a carrier means and the securing portion has a bearing opening, and oben the central locations of the through-open.; ngs and the bearing opening are located on a straight line, A tool insert according to the invention can also be produced in a cost-effective manner by it being produced using casting techniques, in particular from a cast iron alloy, wherein, in the senes of the tool insert particularly subjected, to wear, it is of course possible to cast reinforcement elements of another material which is stronger ana which is less sensitive to wear .

In. a device according to the invent fop for comminuting lump· material, the above-mentioned, advantages of the invention can he used in that they comprise at least one tool insert which is constructed according to the invention and which the material to be comminuted strikes in the tool insert, wherein there is provided in the device a bearing to which the tool insert is releasedi y secured with the securing portion thereof. This is particularly the case when the tool insert according to the invention is pivoters y supported on the relevant bearing since the stop location which is provided on the impact face of the toot insert and which is intended tor coupling a carrier weans enables the tool insert to be mounted in a particularly simple manner using a oraoe or a comparable carrier device.

The invention is explained in greater detail below with reference to a draw ing which illustrâtes an embodiment. In the schematic drawings:

Figure 1 is a side view of a first tool insert;

Figure 2 is a cross-section of the tool insert shown in Figure 1 along the line of section A-A. drawn in F1 goo: a 1 ;

Figure 3 is a side view of a second tool insert;

Figure 4 is a cross-section, of the tool insert shown in Figure :3 along the line of section B-B drawn, in. Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a sectioned view of a device for eormdnuting lump material; figure 6 Id a sectioned iliustraiion bf a third tool insert which corresponds to Figure 2;

Figure 7 is a sectioned illustration of a fourth tool insert which correaponds to Figure 2,

The tool insert 1 shown in Figures 1 and. 2 is a protective cap which is cast la one piece from cast iron material for a rotor κ of a device 3 for comminuting lump materiel M into material components M’Xy a® illustrated in Figure 5.

The tool insert 1 at1ch is formed in a manner known per se ha® an impact portion 2 and a securing portion 3 which Is connected thereto,

The impact portion 2 is curved in the manner of a parrel-shaped roof in an outward radial direction so that it is arched when viewed from the side. It has a thickness D2 measured in the radial direction and a width »2 measarod in an axial direction. The impact face 5 thereof located at the outer side is accordingly in the form of a cylinder surface portion.

The securing portion 3 is formed on the inner aide of the impsor portion 2 and has a central region 1 which is arranged centrally when viewed from the side with respect to the impact portion 2 and whose width Eh measured in an axial direction 1® smaller than the width Bf of the impact portion 2 « With respect to the width B2 of the impact portion 2. the central region 6 is arranged in an eccentric manner so that the impact: portién 2^ as illustrated in Figure 2, protrudes at one side laterally beyond the central region S to a greater extent than at the opposing side, a hearing opening: 1 is formed in the central region 6, The centre point thereof is located on a straight line G which bisects the angular region which is surrounded by the impact portion 2. The rotation axis X of the bearing opening 7 is orientated in an axially parallel manner with respect to the axis about which the impact portion 2 is our veil with the impact face 5 thereof. The hearing opening 7 serves to secure the tool insert 1 on the rotor R of the device S,

Laterally in the central region 6 of the securing portion 3, there are connected web·· i iRe cupper t regions 8, 9 which are orientated ironsuerse ! y relative to the axis X and which each support a region of the impact portion 2 protruding beyond the central region 8 with respect to the central region 6.

In the new state, there are provided on one impact face S two stop locations 10, II which are constructed in the manner or apertures and which protrude from the impact face 5» The stop locations 10, II each hare a through---cpecing 12, 13 whose longitudinal axis: is orientated in an axially parallel manner with, respect to the axis X, with respect to the width B2 of the impact portion 2 (Figure a), the projections 10, 11 are orientated in such a manner that they ars or instated centrally with respect to a normal which extends through the centre of gravity P of the tool Insert 1 with respect to the impact face

S whilst, when viewed as a side view (Figure i; , they are each arranged with the same spacing with respect to the narrow side 14, IS of the impact portion 2 associated therewith in a mIrror-synmotri ca 1 manner with respect to the straight line fP

The respective througiv-cpening 12, 13 of the stop locations IS, 11 is constructed in such a manner that it is possible to couple to the stop locations 10, 11 a carrier means II, ?2, such as a cable or a band, which is indicated in figure 1 only by means of dashed lines, by means of a suitable stop means 18, 17, such as a hoof or shackle, in order to be suspended on a crane which is not shown here, The arrangement of the stop 1ocatiens 10, il is selected in such a manner that, when the carrier means T1, 12 is suspended, there is produced a triangular suspension by means of which the tool insert X in spite of the heavy weight thereof is suspended in a positionally stable manner on a crane during transport.

In the embodirtent illustrated here, the stop locations 10, 11 are integrally connected to the tool insert 1 bp being directly cast thereon during the technical casting production of the tool insert 1, In the carie canner, however, it is aise peesithe to prefabricate the stop locations 10, 11 separately and then to secure then to the impact portion 2 in an appropriate manner .

During practical use, the impact portion 3 of the tool insert 1 is subjected to high impact loads as a result of material to be comminuted or fragments of the material which, strikes the impact face 5 thereof, These loads are so high that the stop locations 10, 11 are removed already after a short period Of use and the impact face 5 also has in the region of the stop locations 10, il u subs lantiéiig eniformiy curved shape, the rapid removal of the stop locations 10, 11 can be supported by a material weakening 20 being selectively provided in the region of the transitions 18, ID of the atop locations lu, II with respect to the impact face 5, The respective material weakening 20 may be constructed as a desired breaking location at which the stop: locations 10, 11 break when material strikes the stop locations 10, 11 from a direct Ion which deviates from, a normal with respect to the impact face 5, In this manner, in spite of the respective material weakening 20, it is ensured that the stop locations 10, IX can safely absorb the weight forces which occur during transport and assembly of the fool insert 1,

At the side thereof facing sway from the Impact face 5, there is also formed on the central region 6 of the tool insert 1 a stop location 21 which is constructed in the .manner of an aperture and which protrudes with respect to the rear outer face 22 of the central region 6, The through-opening 23 ox the stop location il is in obis instance orientated in too mannen of the through-openings 12, 13 of the stop locations 10* 11 and constructed in such a rannen that, for disassembly or in order to support the assembly, a suitable carrier roans 24, such as a cable or band, can also be readily coupled to the stop location 21 either directly or by moans of a boot or shackle which acts as a step means 21 with the tool insert 1, The carrier means 24 and the respective stop means 25 are also indicated in figure i only by means of dashed linos.

The tool inserts 31, 43, 44 shown in Figures 3 and 4: and 6 and 7 are hammers which are produced in each case in one piece using casting leenno 1 ogy, as are, also typical.].y mounted on the rotor h or the device S,

The basic shape of the: tool inserts 31, 43, 44 which are also cast In one piece from oast iron material corresponds to the basic shape of commercially available percussion hammers for shredders, Accordingly, the tool inserts 31, 4 3, 44 each have an impact portion 32 which is curved outwards in the manner of a Parrel "-like roof and which is curved in an arched manner when viewed from the side and which has a thickness D32 measured: in a redial direction and a width 832 measured in an azial direction. The outwardly directed impact race 33 of the impact portion 32 is: m each case accordingly curved and forms, similarly to the impact face 3 of the tool insert 1, a cut-out of a bellow cylinder covering: fame,

At the side of the impact portion 32 facing away from the impact face 33, there i& formed a securing portion: 34 which is orientated centrally with respect to the impact portion 32 and which has a bearing opening 35. The central location of the bearing opening 35 in this instance coincides with the central location of the curvet cm of the impact portion 32, The long! teáinál axis thereof .accordingly coincides with the rota clou axle D about which the tool intart .51 oscillates during practical use.

In the tool insert 31 there is provided in the new state on the impact face 32 a stop location 36 which is constructed in the manner of an aperture and via ich is cast in one piece on the tool insert 31 and which protrudes from the impact face 33. In the same manner as thé step locations le, 11 of the tool insert 1, the stop location 36 has a through-opening 37 whose longitudinal axis is orientated in an axially parallel manner with respect to the rotation axis In In this instance, the stop location 36 is positioned at a central location on the impact: face 32. hs a result of the symmetrical mass distribution of the tool insert 31, it is consequent1 y orientated cert raily with respect to the position of a normal which extends through the centre of gravity P! of the tool insert 31 with respect to the impact face 33. ht the side thereof facing away from the impact face 32, there is formed opposite the stop location 36 on the securing portion. 31 of the tool insert 31 another stop location .38 which is constructed in the manner of an aperture and which protrudes with respect to the associated outer face 39 of the securing portion 34, The through-opening 40 of the stop location 38 is in this instance orientated and constructed in the same manner as the through-opening 37 of the stop location 36,

The through-openings 37, 40 of the stop locations 36, 38 are in this l.netance orientated and constructed, in such a manner that using them for assembly or disassembly, it is readily possible for a suitable carrier means 11, such as a. cable or a band, either directly or by means of a hook or shackle which acta as a stop means 12, robe coupled to the tool insert 31,

In Figure 3, the respective carrier means il and the stop means 42 are algo each .indicated snip with cashed lines.

As a result os the high impacting loads resulting from material to be comminutecb the stop location 36 whs oh is arranged oh the impact face 32 is also already removed during practical use aster a short period of use do that the impact face 32 soon also has a substantially uniformly curved shape in the region of the stop location 3 6 >

In the tool insert 43, in the new state there is formed in the impact face 32 at a central position a stop location 45 which is constructed in the manner of a pocket ih the tool insert 43, The stop location 15 has in this instance an impact edge 46 which extends over the pockot - idle recess thereof and on which the respective lifting means comes to rest.

Depending on the manner of the technical casting production; the stop edge 45,· as shown in Figure 63 may he constructed as a freestanding web- If, as indicated in Figure 7, the stop location 45 in the tool insert 44 is constructed a pocket formed in the manner of a cavity 47 in the impact portion .32, however,- the impact edge 4 8 which is provided at that location may also be constructed on the edge of the roof portion, which edge upwardly delimits the introduction opening 45 of the cavity 47 sod by means of which the cavity 46 is covered in the direction towards the impact face 33 of the impact portion ··}

VV. A

Regardless of how the respective impact edge 15, 45 is constructed, it extends in each case transversely relative to the rotation axis D in order to enable simple engagement of the respective lifting means SO (hook),

The device S illustrated in Figure 5 is a shredder of a construction type known per sc, as used, for example* for coi?wd.nuting· lump, large··volume material M, such as motor vehicle bodyworks* building rubble, waste or relatively large chunks of rock. The material M and pieces HT obtained after the corral nut 1er are indicated in Figure 5 only ’with, arrows.

The device 5 comprises a roter R which rotates about a rotation, axis DR- Six tool inserts 31 which act as percussion harmere are arranged at the periphery thereof so as to be distributed with uniform angular spacings, The tool inserts 31 ate in this instance each pivotably supported on a shaft 51 which extends through the respective bearing opening 35 thereof so that, during practical operation, as a result of the rotation of the rotor R, they can carry out esetilation movements about the shaft 11 which is associated therewith.*

The intermediate spaces which remain between the tool inserts 31 ere occupied by tool inserts 1 'which act as baffle plates. The tool inserts X are in this instance retained in a non-mo verb e manner on the rotor P by means of the shafts 32 which are pushed through their respective bearing opening 7,

In. order to disassemble worn tool inserts 1,· 31, the respectively associated shaft 51, 52 is pulled so that the respective tool insert X, 31 ie separated from the rotor R, Subsequently, it is possible to couple a carrier means of a crane which is not shown in this instance to the intact rear stop location 21, 38 whies is protected from the impacting loading iri each case and the respective tool insert 1., 31 can be transported away.

For assembly, a tool insert 1 or 31 which is securely suspended on the crane which is not shown via tire stop locations. 10, 11 thereof is transported and orientated in so of; a earner that the associated shaft 51, S2 can be inserted with comparatively little complexity ftrough the respective bearing opening 7, ad thereof.

Claims

claims. BODY TOOL FOR BODY MACHINES FOR CUTTING MATERIALS AND A PLATFORM THROUGH A LETTER FOR SUSPENSION OF A MATERIAL (S) ON A SHAPING MATERIAL (M) WITH A SHOOTING (2, 32) WITH A SURFACE (5, 33) ON THE FREE OUTSIDE , which, in practice, is used in the abbey # and with a fixing part (3,> 4) which is> the percussion of the perpendicular to the boundary of the rim, and to the rig (R 31) of the tool ($ 31). fits # soluble fixation, where: SvA'rs / bethamte U. 3D in its new state in / őrtory A, e2> at least eg> the hitViI ·,?, 333 protruding killing points (ΙΟ, Í 36: 44} is MalaMtm an auxiliary means: ξΠ, T2, 4]), which means that the fastening sub-part 34) is an additional drinker, 3 i) i8 * s * 0íym: 4ΐ).

2, The editor of claim 1 is characterized by a so-called tool insert, (i.e., E1 ;; EL 36, 44), which is a waterproofing device (32). spAsfebeML, characterized in that the striker (10, 11, 3, 44) is formed by a single piece (2, 32) in one piece,

4, The Gizi Claims are characterized by a one-sided sariIdidR housing, that the time (10, 11, 36, 44) in the area of the slots (2f 32) is provided with a designed break point (20),

Filter number according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dummy CKb 11) includes an opening (12, 13, 23) for connecting the carrier means (TI, 12, 41).

A tool insert according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is capable of hitting the percussion powder. is designed.

7, 1-4. Tool insert according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by m. (44, with a tool (41) for a shank (45, 47), forming particle shafts (45, 47)) comprises a pocket staple {46}: the insert T323 itofelile (33}, 8, a tool insert according to claim 7, characterized in that the Five Point (44) freestanding pocket pocket kkagasa Heated over the road / ara {4M as a backbone. $> But the sharpening of the sharpener according to the invention is characterized by the insertion of the slot (i3, 34) and the device (S). an opening slot CL 35), or a small number of tools for fastening the toolbar.

10. Tools according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it engages in a plurality of welds, welds, or grooves for welding, or for use in the production of steam traps.

11. Apparatus for any material (M) of a piece of equipment with a molded tool insert {!>. 31), lplazldla md material (M) gpclaylillil ggrarycontentofheavyheart amalyan.a snapshot (I, 3d) is a fastening lacquer: (3, 34) soluble vm

An apparatus according to claim Π, characterized in that the tool insert (l: 31) is rotatably rotatably mounted on the bearing &