HU195459B - Process for producing cement mortar eliminating and/or preventing moistening and fungal decay of building construction elements, particularly of wet walls - Google Patents

Abstract

Procedure for building elements, especially wet walls eliminating and / or preventing water loss and fungi for the production of cement mortar, which is \ t we make it from river sand and additive in such a way that the additive a) alkylbenzenesulfonic acid is organic or inorganic salts with bases, b) alkylphenol-polyethylene glycol ether, c) alkyl ether sulfate with inorganic bases salts d) mono formaldehyde benzyl alcohol and or diacetal containing 7 to 15% water is made of powder, cement and additive volume of the aqueous solution of 100: 0.7 - 100: 1.0 and clay-free - preferably with a particle size of 0.1 to 5.0 mm agitate and then prepared on a prepared surface let's see.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the production of cement mortar for preventing and / or preventing waterlogging and fungusation of building components, especially wet walls.

Cement mortar can be used effectively to retrofit wetted structural elements of existing structures, and to prevent waterlogging and fungal build-up of any new structure.

It is a common phenomenon that buildings that are aged or made by conventional methods get wet, which greatly damages the mechanical and aesthetic condition of the structure.

Moisturizing creates the ability to adhere and germinate fungal elements that are constantly present in the air. The growth of fungi will later also create the living conditions of other microorganisms that require organic matter (eg bacteria), their metabolites, and the growth of fungi. through the water-binding capacity of their colonies. The combined action of microorganisms causes chemical and mechanical damage, which in the case of monuments results in reduced life span.

There are several methods known for retaining buildings against moisture and for renovating wet walls. Most of the methods used to reduce the moisture content of masonry and keep water absorbed away are insulation techniques. This means that they form a waterproofing insulating layer inside the masonry or on the masonry surface.

When the waterproofing layer is formed inside the masonry, a chemical, in the form of a solution, emulsion or suspension, is injected into the masonry. This can be achieved by drilling a large number of holes in the masonry and feeding the insulating material into it.

Austrian Patent No. 259,190 proposes the use of a diisocyanate-based resin solution as an insulating material. The insulating fluid must be introduced into the drilled holes by pressure, for example by means of compressed air.

In U.S. Patent No. 177,945, the insulating liquid is a resin in ethylene glycol acetate or a diisocyanate resin in a solvent mixture of methyl isobutyl ketone and toluene. This resin solution is poured into the drilled holes in the masonry without applying pressure. The solution, due to its properly selected composition, leaks into the wall and cures under the influence of moisture. The applied layer, after complete hardening, prevents further penetration or absorption of new moisture.

Hungarian Patent No. 165,711 proposes an alcoholic solution of ethyl silicate and polyalkoxy-polydimethylsiloxane as an insulating liquid for the post-hole drilling insulation process.

Known processes of this type have the significant drawback that, in order to form a waterproofing layer inside the masonry, the masonry of the building has to be drilled several times, resulting in mechanical and aesthetic damage in the building. it also endangers the masonry itself, as too much pressure may cause large pieces of plaster to bounce. In addition, the use of compressed air is a significant cost factor.

The waterproofing layer applied to the exterior wall of the building is made of silicone compounds. For example, Hungarian Patent No. 153,345 proposes a solution of siloxane-type silicone polymer in toluene or benzene. The 3-5% polymer solution is applied to the surface to be treated by lubrication or spraying. After complete evaporation of the solvent, the waterproofing layer forms. This process is used to hydrophobize the facade of finished, well-maintained buildings and is not suitable for retrofitting against wetting. A further disadvantage is that the formation of a waterproofing layer requires the formation of a large amount of toxic fire and explosive solvent vapor, and therefore it is not suitable for application in other confined spaces, such as the interior insulation of apartment walls.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of removing and / or preventing dampness, watering and fungal buildup of buildings, which not only prevents waterlogging and fungal growth, but also prevents existing waterlogging that endangers the structure as well as harmful fungi.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a process for the preparation of a cementitious mortar composition for the prevention and / or prevention of waterlogging and fungusation from simple, virtually unlimited materials.

In the course of experiments to solve this problem, it was recognized that reducing the moisture content of structures and keeping them dry by applying an actively breathing layer (plaster) applied to the structure, especially to wet masonry, promotes uniformity of moisture in it. departure. In the course of attempts to improve the known methods, it has been unexpectedly found that the combination of materials thus formed (cement mortar) permanently prevents fungal growth.

It has also been found that cement mortar is most effective when a surfactant combination is used to produce a plaster of the desired structure, the components being: alkylbenzenesulfonic acid salt, alkylphenol poly40 glycol ether, alkyl polyglycol ether sulfuric acid. salts of its halides and benzyl formal fungicides of known structure.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a process for the preparation and / or prevention of waterproofing and / or fungusation of building components, particularly of wet walls, from Portland cement, river sand and admixture, wherein the admixture is

(a) salts of alkylbenzenesulfonic acid with organic or inorganic bases; b) alkylphenol polyethylene glycol 50 ether; c) salts of alkyl ether sulfate with inorganic bases; d) prepared from a 7-15% aqueous solution of a mixture of mono and / or diacetril containing formaldehyde benzyl alcohol, the volume ratio of the aqueous solution of Portland cement and the admixture being 100: 0.3 to 100: 1.5 The composition is mixed with stream sand, preferably 0.1-5.0 mm in sand, and applied to the prepared surface in a thickness of 2.0 cm to 3.0 cm.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is that the alkyl moiety of component a) of the additive is linear and / or branched C8 to C16, the alkyl portion of component b) is C4 to C14 and has an average ethylene oxide of 8 to 25 ac). the alkyl portion of the aromatic nucleus attached is 8-14 carbon atoms ..... ϊ

195 to 59 atoms and component d) contains organic alkoxide compounds.

It is also possible to prepare the cement mortar by adding the components of the additive

a): 0.15-0.50

b): 0.15-0.40

c): 0.20-0.70

d): 0.01-0.03 by weight.

Finally, an effective method of preparation is defined by the process wherein the volume ratio of the aqueous solution of the additive is 100: 0.7 to 100: 1.0.

The preparation of the cement mortar of the present invention is preferably carried out with mixing water to which the aqueous solution of the additive has been previously added and mixed well, and preferably with clay-free stream sand having a particle size of 0.1 to 5 mm. Mortar must not contain any traces of mortar.

Preparation of the structure to be renovated is carried out in the usual way: first the wet plaster must be removed and then dusted with a broom. The structure should be moistened with water. Reconstruction plaster is applied as usual.

When applied to a wet structure, a mortar with a minimum thickness of 2 cm, optimally 3 cm, when dried, results in an even release of moisture in the structure (wall) and at the same time improves the mechanical strength of the structure. This continuous evaporator layer ensures that the wet (wall surface does not stain during drying, that in winter there is no condensation and thus no freezing). The porous structure renders the salts that crystallize out of the wall in such a way that the plaster secures the masonry The composition of the restoration plaster and the synergistic effect of the added fungicide compound prevents the onset of fungal growth.

In addition to the above, the use of an additive in the preparation of cement mortar has the additional benefit of being used. that the additive makes the mortar plastic and easy to apply. The plaster adheres well to the vertical and horizontal surfaces of brick, stone or mixed masonry structures.

The process of the present invention can be used as a stand-alone method for reconstructing the damp structures of buildings, provided that the moisture in the structure is continuously supplied, e.g. water absorbed from the soil but with a moisture content not exceeding 10% by weight (measured in bricks).

The method of drying the wall and slab according to the invention can be used as a stand-alone method if the moisture in the wall is not more than 10% by weight but is not continuously supplied, e.g. single cracking of the beak or roofing.

If the moisture continuously present in the masonry exceeds 10%, the method according to the invention must be used in combination with a known post-insulating process.

The process of the present invention demonstrates the properties of a cementitious mortar compound for wet strength restoration that provides mechanical strength and aesthetic stability, without limiting the scope of the following examples.

Example 1

Linear C-alkylbenzenesulfonic acid Na salt 1.5 g

Nonylphenol polyethylene glycol ether (average number of ethylene oxide groups 8) 1.5 g

Lauryl ether sulfate Na salt (average number of ethylene oxide groups 4) 7.0 g

Separately, the surfactants are dissolved in 90 cm ^{3 of} water, preferably deionized water. With the resulting 10 g / 100 cm ³ surfactant solution, the cement mortar is prepared by mixing 1 dm ^{3 of} Portland cement and 4 dm ^{3 of} clay-free river sand (grain size 0.1 to 5 mm), followed by 10 g / 100 cm ^{3 of} surfactant. Dilute 15 cm ³ of the additive solution to 1 dm ³ with tap water, mix until homogenous and add to the cement-sand mixture. The properties of the cement mortar thus produced are listed in Table 1. Comparison with the control sample (Example 8) shows that the spread according to DIN 1164 is 1.5 times higher in Example 1. The plaster prepared in Example 1 had a pore content of 20% and a control sample of 0%, i.e., without air pore. Accordingly, the weight of 1 dm ^{3 of} plaster is also reduced if the cement mortar mixing house contains a surfactant additive.

Example 2

Linear C ₂ alkyl benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt 1.5 g of nonylphenol polyethylene: glycol ether (average number of ethylene oxide groups 8) 1.5 g

Lauryl ether sulfate Na salt (average number of ethylene oxide groups 4) 6.8 g

Benzyl formal (mono and / or diacetal with formaldehyde benzyl alcohol) 0.2 g

A solution of 10 g / 100 cm ^{3 was} prepared from the metered amount of the components as described in Example 1. The cement mortar is also prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 1 dm ^{3 of} mixing water contains 3 cn ^{3 of the} above formulation.

The properties of the cement mortar and plaster produced in this way are listed in Table 1. Here, the pattern of Example 2 is similar to that of Example 1.

Example 3

Branched C ₂ -alkylbenzenesulfonic acid Na salt 3.0 g

Nonylphenol polyethylene glycol ether (average number of ethylene oxide groups 20) 3.0 g

Nonylphenol ether sulfate Na salt (average number of ethylene oxide groups 6) 3.8 g

Arylmethanol 0.2 g

In the same manner as in Example 1, a solution of the listed components was prepared in 90 cm ^{3 of} distilled water. The cement mortar was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, but 7.5 cm ^{3 of} the above solution contained 1 dm ^{3 of} mixing water. Table 1 shows the properties of the cement mortar produced and the applied plaster. The volume of the cement mortar is higher, and the pore content of the plaster is smaller than that of the sample of Example 1.

Example 4

Linear C ₂ alkyl benzene sulfonic acid salt 4.0 g of NH

Trib util-phenol-polyethylene glycol ether (average number of ethylene oxide groups 10) 3.8 g

Lauryl ether sulfate Na salt

195 459 (average number of ethylene oxide groups 4) 2.0 g

Composition of Carbonic Acid Derivatives and Heterocyclic Sulfur and Nitrogen Compounds 0.2 g A solution of 90 dm ^{3 of} distilled water was prepared as described in Example 1. For the preparation of cement mortar, 4.5 cm ^{3 of} the solution is diluted with tap water to 1 dm ³ . The properties of cement mortar and plaster are shown in Table 1. The spread is twice that of water-only mortar (Example 8). However, the pore volume is inadequate.

Example 5

Linear C-alkylbenzenesulfonic acid Na salt. 3.7 g Nonylphenol polyethylene glycol ether (average number of ethylene oxide groups 8) 3.5 g

Nonyl phenol ether sulfate Na salt (average number of ethylene oxide groups 6) 2.6 g

Benzyl formal (mono and / or diacetal with formaldehyde benzyl alcohol) 0.2 g

From a metered amount of the components, a solution of 10 g / 100 cm ^{3 was} prepared as described in Example 1. Cement mortar is prepared with 1 dm ^{3 of} mixing water containing 7 cm ^{3 of} solution. From the characteristics of Table 1, it can be stated that an extremely good spreading mortar and plaster with the highest pore content can be produced with these components.

Example 6

Branched C-alkylbenzenesulfonic acid triethanolamine salt · 5.0 g

Tere. octylphenol polyethylene glycol ether (average number of ethylene oxide groups 25) 3.4 g

Lauryl ether sulfate Na salt (average number of ethylene oxide groups 4) 1.5 g

Benzyl formal (mono and / or diacetal with formaldehyde benzyl alcohol) 0.1 g

9 cm ³ of the 10 g / 100 cm ³ solution of the components contained 1 dm ^{3 of} mixing water. The characteristics of the mortar and plaster prepared in the same manner as Example 1 (Table 1) show that this mixture gives better spreading but lower pore volume than the sample of Example 1.

Example 7

Linear C ₂ -alkylbenzenesulfonic acid Na salt 2.2 g Nonyl phenol polyethylene glycol ether (average number of ethylene oxide groups 8) 5.5 g

Nonyl phenol ether sulfate Na salt (average number of ethylene oxide groups 6) 2.0 g

Benzyl Formal 0.3 g

Of the 10 g / 100 cm ³ solution of the components, 12 cin is contained in 1 dm ^{3 of} mixing water. The characteristics of the mortar and plaster produced in the same way as Example 1 (Table 1) show that it has a very good spreading mortar, but with a relatively low pore content with this composition.

Example 8

Cement mortar, not containing the surfactant adalckot cs gombagátlót control sample was prepared as a 1 dm ³ of portland cement and 4 dm ³ of dry clay of river sand (particle size 0.1-5 mm), a mixture of 1 dm ³ of tap water. The characteristics of the cement mortar and va4 coke prepared in this way are listed in Table 1.

Table 1

Example- Portland- Mortar Number Cement Diffusion- The plaster Bulk density in g / dm ³ pore- contents % lékszer The proportion measure to DIN 1164 (cm) First 100: 1.5 18.2 1700 20 Second 100: 0.30 18.0 1764 17 Third 100: 0.75 19.3 1787 14 4th 100: 0.45 25.1 1812 13 5th 100: 0.7 26.2 1652 24 6th 100: 0.9 20.7 1739 18 7th 100: 1.2 27.4 1828 12

Comparative examples

8th 100: 0.7 12.2 2000 0 9th 100: 0.7 12.3 2000 0

. Standard antifungal efficacy assays are used to determine the fungicidal activity of the three types of fungicides used in our series. The tests were performed under the heading "Plastics - Fungal and Bacterial Effects" and "MSZ 10078-77". No. 30, Plastics Testing - Mold and Bacterial Resistance. In parallel, additional tests are being carried out using, in addition to the test fungi required by those standards, strains isolated from infected surfaces, which usually develop wall fungus in domestic conditions.

Compared to Figures 1-7, 10 g / 100 cm ³ and 0.2% solutions containing fungicide alone, the evaluation of the results shows that non-tensile agents (Example 9) provide a fungicidal effect for all three types of agents. , however, not all fungal species have a lasting inhibitory effect.

Figs. 2-7 containing surfactants and fungicides. Surprisingly, when examining the additives of Example 1, it is surprisingly found that the inhibition of the fungus 45 by the benzyl-formal additive, in addition to its additivity, results in synergistic watering, resulting in a sustained fungicidal effect on a broad spectrum.

Claims (4)

Claims 1. A method for waterproofing and / or fungusation of building components, especially wet walls, and / or 55 preventive cement mortar prepared from Portland cement, river sand and admixture characterized in that the admixture is a) alkylbenzenesulfonic acid, salts with organic or inorganic bases, and θθ p) alkylphenol polyethylene glycol ether and (c) salts of alkyl ether sulfate with inorganic bases; and 7-15% of a mixture of skilled d) formaldehyde benzyl alcohol mono- and / or diacetal, ⁶⁵ _m int aqueous components ol7 It is prepared from 195 459 dates, the volume ratio of the aqueous solution of Portland cement and admixture is 100: 0.3 to 100: 1.5, and the resulting composition is a clay-free, preferably 0.1-5.0 mm, granular stream. mix with sand and apply on a prepared surface in a thickness of 2.0 cm to 3 cm. 2. A process according to claim 1 wherein the alkyl portion of component a) of the adjuvant is linear and / or branched C8-C16, the alkyl portion of component b) 10 is C4-14 and has an average ethylene oxide of 8-25, The alkyl portion of component ac) linked to the aromatic nucleus contains from 8 to 14 carbon atoms and the component d) contains organic alkoxide compounds. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the additives are components a): 0.15-0.50 b): 0.15-0.40 c): 0.20-0.70 d): 0.01 to 0.03 by weight. 4. A process according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the volume ratio of the aqueous solution of the additive is 100: 0.7 to 100: 1.0.