HRP20020374A2

HRP20020374A2 - Switch with fuse unit

Info

Publication number: HRP20020374A2
Application number: HR20020374A
Authority: HR
Inventors: Anton Eemrov; Miran Dolinueek
Original assignee: Eti Elektroelement Dd
Priority date: 1999-10-30
Filing date: 2002-04-29
Publication date: 2004-02-29
Also published as: CZ20021398A3; EP1224677A1; ATE257273T1; SK5592002A3; DE29919140U1; IL149239A0; PL192475B1; DK1224677T3; EP1224677B1; AU1543601A; WO2001033592A1; DE50004945D1; HUP0203858A2; YU31802A; ES2211645T3; SK287388B6; IL149239A; PL354603A1; CN1384969A; CN1216389C

Abstract

The invention relates to a switch, comprising a housing (10), a switch lever (18), mounted in the housing, which can be pivoted between an on-position and an off-position and a detachable fuse unit (40), which may be mounted in the housing (10). The invention is further characterised by a lock mechanism (58, 60), which senses the position of the fuse unit (40) and impedes the movement of the switch lever (18) into the on-position when the fuse unit (40) is not in the correct position.

Description

Izum se odnosi na sklopku s kućištem, na kućištu smještenoj, poluga za prebacivanje (šaltanje) položaja uključivanja i položaja isključivanja, koja je pokretna i osigurača smještenog na kućištu koji se može umetati. The invention relates to a switch with a housing, located on the housing, a lever for switching (switching) the on position and the off position, which is movable, and a fuse located on the housing that can be inserted.

Osigurač jedne takve sklopke (prekidača) stvara se npr. pomoću taljivog osigurača i služi da se prekine strujni krug koji je zatvoren pomoću prekidača (sklopke), kad struja prelazi dozvoljenu jačinu. Kod poznatih prekidača ove vrste sastoji se osigurač iz jedne patrone i električnim kontaktima na suprotnim krajevima predviđenog osigurača i pripadajućim držačem. Kod zamjene osigurača novi se uložak osigurača umetne u držač i pomoću držača tako stavlja u kućište osigurača, da su njegovi električni kontakti stisnuti između kontakata kućišta osigurača. Pri tome može doći do kvara, ako osigurač nije ispravno umetnut u kućište. The fuse of one such switch (switch) is created, for example, using a fusible fuse and is used to break the circuit that is closed by the switch (switch), when the current exceeds the permitted strength. In the case of known switches of this type, the fuse consists of a single cartridge and electrical contacts at the opposite ends of the provided fuse and the corresponding holder. When replacing the fuse, the new fuse cartridge is inserted into the holder and, using the holder, is placed in the fuse housing in such a way that its electrical contacts are pressed between the contacts of the fuse housing. This can cause a malfunction if the fuse is not correctly inserted into the housing.

Zadatak izuma je da poboljša sigurnost funkcioniranja takvog prekidača. The task of the invention is to improve the operational safety of such a switch.

Ovo se kod prekidača naprijed navedene vrste rješava pomoću zapornog mehanizma, koji dodiruje položaj osigurača i sprječava otklon poluge za prekidanje u položaj rada (upaljeno), ako se osigurač ne nalazi u ispravnom položaju. In switches of the aforementioned type, this is solved by means of a locking mechanism, which touches the position of the fuse and prevents the deflection of the switch lever to the working position (on), if the fuse is not in the correct position.

Ako osigurač nije ispravno stavljen u kućište i tim se ne nalazi u predviđenom krajnjem položaju između kontakta kućišta prekidača (sklopke), zaporni mehanizam sprječava sklopka prekidača zaokrenuta u položaj. Na taj način je pogreška odmah za korisnika odmah uočljiva, tako da može ispraviti položaj osigurača. If the fuse is not properly seated in the housing and the fuse is not in the intended end position between the contacts of the switch (switch) housing, the locking mechanism is prevented by the switch switch being rotated into position. In this way, the error is immediately noticeable to the user, so that he can correct the position of the fuse.

Sklopka se dakle može uključiti samo onda, kada je osigurač ispravno utaknut i svojim električnim kontaktima ispravno priliježe odgovarajućim protukontaktima kućišta osigurača. Therefore, the switch can only be switched on when the fuse is inserted correctly and its electrical contacts fit correctly with the corresponding counter-contacts of the fuse housing.

Tako se može sigurno spriječiti, da na temelju krivog položaja osigurača još postoji zazor iskrenja između kontakata osigurača i protukontakata i da tako prilikom zatvaranja sklopke dođe do iskrenja. Osim toga je osigurano, da se osigurač nalazi u ispravnom položaju kada se prekidač - sklopka zatvori i time nakon stavljanja u pogon pripadajućeg električnog uređaja može nastupiti prekid struje zbog lošeg, manjkajućeg kontakta osigurača. In this way, it can be safely prevented that, based on the wrong position of the fuse, there is still a spark gap between the fuse contacts and the counter contacts, and thus sparking occurs when the switch is closed. In addition, it is ensured that the fuse is in the correct position when the switch is closed, and thus after putting the associated electrical device into operation, a power cut may occur due to a bad, missing fuse contact.

Izvedbe izuma koje imaju prednost proizlaze iz slijedećih zahtjeva. Advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the following requirements.

Prednost se daje zapornom mehanizmu istakom izrađenom na poluzi za uključivanje, koji - kada se osigurač nalazi u ispravnom položaju, ulazi u za to predviđenu sigurnosnu jedinicu predviđenu za izuzimanje sklopke, kada se poluga za prekidanje pokrene, u slučaju da osigurač nije ispravno umetnut. Preference is given to a locking mechanism with a protrusion made on the switch-on lever, which - when the fuse is in the correct position, enters the dedicated safety unit designed to exclude the switch, when the switch-off lever is actuated, in case the fuse is not correctly inserted.

Učvršćenje sigurnosne jedinice u kućištu sklopke vrši se pomoću opruge, koja u kućištu sklopke pokretni kontakt prednapreže na elektrodu sigurnosnog umetka i time istovremeno osigurava potrebni kontakt. Urez za istaku poluge za uključivanje nalazi se tada s prednošću na kraju osigurača, koji se nalazi na suprotnoj strani kraja napetog oprugom, tako da osigurač ne može izmaknuti i nakon zatvaranja sklopke (prekidača) može opet natrag u neispravni položaj. U danom slučaju može raspored biti takav, da osigurač pomoću istake poluge za uključivanje bude gurnut u ispravni položaj. The fastening of the safety unit in the switch housing is done by means of a spring, which in the switch housing prestresses the movable contact on the electrode of the safety insert and thereby ensures the necessary contact at the same time. The notch for the protrusion of the switch-on lever is then advantageously located at the end of the fuse, which is located on the opposite side of the spring-loaded end, so that the fuse cannot slip out and after closing the switch (switch) can return to the incorrect position. In a given case, the arrangement can be such that the fuse is pushed into the correct position by means of the protrusion of the switch-on lever.

U daljem se izlaganju prikazuje primjer uz crtež radi pobližeg objašnjenja. In the following presentation, an example is presented with a drawing for a more detailed explanation.

Pokazuju Show

Slika 1 Izgled prekidača (sklopke) kod otvorenog kućišta i ispravno uloženog osigurača; Figure 1 Appearance of the switch (switch) with the case open and the fuse correctly inserted;

Slika 2 Sklopku prema slici 1 u zatvorenom položaju i Figure 2 The switch according to Figure 1 in the closed position i

Slika 3 Sklopku prema slici 1 s neispravno umetnutim osiguračem Figure 3 Switch according to Figure 1 with an incorrectly inserted fuse

Sklopka pokazuje kućište 10 iz električki izoliranog umjetnog materijala, koje je oblikovano na poznat način kao kućište s zaponskim tračnicama i u tu svrhu pokazuje na donjem rubu mehanizma uglavljivanja 12 za uglavljivanje na jednoj zaponskoj tračnici (šini) ormara za osigurače i razvode ili slično. Kabelske stezaljke 14 i 16 na suprotnim krajevima kućišta 10 služe za učvršćivanje stezaljki priključnog kabela koji nije prikazan, a između kojih se pomoću prekidača stvara električni kontakt i može biti prekinut. The switch shows a housing 10 made of electrically insulated synthetic material, which is shaped in a known way as a housing with clamping rails and for this purpose points at the lower edge of the locking mechanism 12 for locking on one locking rail (rail) of the cabinet for fuses and distributions or the like. The cable clamps 14 and 16 at the opposite ends of the housing 10 are used to fix the clamps of the connecting cable, which is not shown, between which an electrical contact is created by means of a switch and can be broken.

Jedna poluga za uključivanje (šaltanje) 18 može se zaokrenuti u kućištu 10 i djeluje preko ispusta 22 i uzglobljenog međudijela 24 na preklopni most 26, koji se može voditi između kućišta 10 na kojem se nalaze rebra. Stezaljka kabela 14 spojena je električki jednim kontaktnim limom 28 koji stvara strujni kontakt 30 s preklopnim mostom 26, koji mu leži nasuprot. Kontaktni lim 32 tako je smješten u kućištu 10 da se jedan njegov kraj pokriva s kontaktnim limom 28, ali jasnim međuprostorom razmaknut i jednim mostom daljim strujnim kontaktom 34 leži nasuprot preklopnog mosta. Kontaktni most 26 prednapregnut je pritisnom oprugom 36 u smjeru na kontakte 30 i 34, ali se u položaju kao na slici 1 drži na razmaku putem međučlana 24 na kontakte 30 i 34, tako da sklopka još nije zatvorena. One toggle lever 18 can be rotated in the housing 10 and acts via the outlet 22 and the articulated intermediate part 24 on the folding bridge 26, which can be guided between the housing 10 on which the ribs are located. The cable clamp 14 is connected electrically by one contact sheet 28 which creates a current contact 30 with the switch bridge 26, which lies opposite it. The contact sheet 32 is placed in the housing 10 in such a way that one end of it is covered with the contact sheet 28, but separated by a clear intermediate space and by a further current contact 34 lies opposite the switch bridge. The contact bridge 26 is biased by a compression spring 36 in the direction of the contacts 30 and 34, but in the position as in Figure 1 it is held at a distance by the intermediate member 24 to the contacts 30 and 34, so that the switch is not yet closed.

S drugom kabelskom stezaljkom 16 spojen je daljnji kontaktni lim 38, koji zajedno s međukontaktnim limom 32 stvara stezano sjedište za osigurač 40. Osigurač 40 ima držač 42 u obliku slova U, u koji je uložak osigurača 44 tako stavljen da su elektrode 46 i 48 na nasuprotnim krajevima osigurača još slobodne. A further contact sheet 38 is connected to the second cable clamp 16, which together with the intermediate contact sheet 32 creates a clamped seat for the fuse 40. The fuse 40 has a holder 42 in the shape of the letter U, in which the fuse insert 44 is placed so that the electrodes 46 and 48 are on the opposite ends of the fuse are still free.

Međukontaktni lim 32 predstavlja sjedište za držač 42, kao i protukontakt lima 32 naslanja se preko pritisne opruge 50 tako na kućište 10, da se međukontaktni lim čvrsto pritiskuje na elektrodu 46, i time se elektroda 48 koja se nalazi na suprotnom kraju uloška osigurača 44 čvrsto pritisne na kontaktni lim 38. Držač 42 se laganim preklapanjem ubacuje u kućište 10 i u blizini kontakta 48 i ukazuje na zapornu istaku 52, koji zahvaća iza rebra 54 kućišta i tako utvrđuje držač 42 u njegovom položaju u kućištu 10. Gornji kraj držača 42 stvara dio koji naliježe 56 za slobodni kraj poluge 18. The intermediate contact sheet 32 represents the seat for the holder 42, as well as the counter contact of the sheet 32 is placed over the pressure spring 50 on the housing 10, so that the intermediate contact sheet is firmly pressed against the electrode 46, and thus the electrode 48, which is located at the opposite end of the fuse cartridge 44, firmly is pressed against the contact sheet 38. The holder 42 is inserted with a slight overlap into the housing 10 and in the vicinity of the contact 48 and points to the locking projection 52, which engages behind the rib 54 of the housing and thus fixes the holder 42 in its position in the housing 10. The upper end of the holder 42 forms a part which fits 56 for the free end of lever 18.

Na preklopnom ispustu 22, koji je kruto pričvršćen na poluzi 18, na strani koja je okrenuta prema jedinici osiguranja - osiguraču 40 oblikovan nos 58. Ovaj je nos 58 predviđen za urez 60 u nasuprotnoj vanjskoj stjenci držača 42. A nose 58 is formed on the folding outlet 22, which is rigidly attached to the lever 18, on the side facing the security unit - fuse 40. This nose 58 is intended for a notch 60 in the opposite outer wall of the holder 42.

Preklopni ispust 22 stvara zajedno s opružnim perom 36 mehanizam mrtve točke za preklopnu polugu 18. U položaju prikazanom na slici 1 je poluga 18 već toliko daleko pomaknuta u desno u položaj zatvaranja, da je preklopni ispust prešao mrtvu točku o od međučlana 24 koji je pritisnut oprugom 36 prebačen dalje u smjeru položaja zatvaranja. The folding outlet 22 creates, together with the spring spring 36, a dead center mechanism for the folding lever 18. In the position shown in Figure 1, the lever 18 has already been moved so far to the right in the closed position that the folding outlet has passed the dead center o of the intermediate member 24 which is pressed spring 36 moved further in the direction of the closing position.

Slika 2 prikazuje stanje u kojem je preklopna poluga zaokrenuta potpuno u položaj zatvaranja i leži na dijelu 56. U ovom položaju se preklopni most 26 drži kroz oprugu 36 s kontaktima 30 i 34 u dodiru, tako da kabelske stezaljke 14 i 16 budu preko kontaktnih limova 28, 32 i 36 i osiguračem 44 električki međusobno povezani. Nadalje se na slici 1 može vidjeti, da nos 58 koji je kruto povezan s polugom 18, leži u utoru 60 držača 42 sigurnosne jedinice - osigurača. Fig. 2 shows the condition in which the toggle lever is rotated fully to the closed position and rests on the part 56. In this position, the toggle bridge 26 is held by the spring 36 with the contacts 30 and 34 in contact, so that the cable clamps 14 and 16 are over the contact sheets 28, 32 and 36 and fuse 44 electrically interconnected. Furthermore, in Figure 1, it can be seen that the nose 58, which is rigidly connected to the lever 18, lies in the slot 60 of the holder 42 of the safety unit - the fuse.

Kad je poluga 18 prebačena sasvim u lijevo u otvoreni položaj, može se kod promjene osigurača uložak osigurača 44 pomoću držača 42 izvaditi iz kućišta 10. Nakon što je nosi uložak 44 uložen u držač 42, ovaj se opet postavlja nasuprot međukontaktnog lima 32 i zapornim nosom 52 prikvači na rebro 54 kućišta. When the lever 18 is moved all the way to the left to the open position, when changing the fuse, the fuse cartridge 44 can be removed from the housing 10 using the holder 42. After the cartridge 44 has been inserted into the holder 42, it is placed again against the intermediate contact sheet 32 and the locking nose 52 pin to the rib 54 of the housing.

Slika 3 prikazuje sklopku u stanju u kojem držač 42 nije ispravno uložen. U tom slučaju zaporna istaka 52 ne zahvaća iza rebra 54 nego se nesigurno oslanja na kraju rebra 54. Radi toga elektroda 48 sigurnosnog uloška 44 stvara zazor iskrenja s kontaktnim limom 38. Kako u ovom stanju držač 42 zauzima malo iskošen položaj, leži njegov gornji rub, lijevo na slici 3, na putu kretanja istake 58 poluge 18. Kad se pokušava polugu 18 prebaciti u položaj zatvaranja, udara istake 58 iznad utora 60 na gornjem rubu držača 42, tako da se preklopna poluga 18 ne može dalje okretati i time se kontaktni most 26 ne može pokrenuti u položaj zavarivanja. Tek kada se sjedište držača 42 ispravi, može nos 58 opet ući u utor 60, tako da se sklopka može zatvoriti. Figure 3 shows the switch in a state in which the holder 42 is not properly inserted. In this case, the locking projection 52 does not engage behind the rib 54, but rests precariously on the end of the rib 54. Therefore, the electrode 48 of the safety insert 44 creates a spark gap with the contact sheet 38. Since in this state the holder 42 occupies a slightly slanted position, its upper edge lies , on the left in Figure 3, in the path of movement of the protrusions 58 of the lever 18. When trying to switch the lever 18 to the closing position, the protrusions 58 hit above the groove 60 on the upper edge of the holder 42, so that the folding lever 18 cannot be turned any further and thus the contact the bridge 26 cannot be moved to the welding position. Only when the seat of the holder 42 is straightened can the nose 58 re-enter the slot 60, so that the switch can be closed.

Claims

1. A switch with a housing (10), one on the housing located with a movable lever (18) that can be rotated between the on and off positions and a safety unit - a fuse (40) inserted in the housing (10) that can be released, characterized in that is a locking mechanism (58,60), which touches the position of the fuse (40) and prevents the moving lever (18) from switching to the on position, when the fuse (40) is not in the correct position.

2. The switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking mechanism forms protrusions (58) and grooves that fit together (60) on the lever (18) and the fuse (40).

3. A switch according to claim 1 or 2 characterized by the fact that the fuse (40) is clamped in the housing (10) and at one end indirectly or directly tensioned by a spring (5) and that the locking mechanism (58,60) is located at the end of the fuse (40) which is opposite to the spring (50).

4. A switch according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by the fact that the fuse (40) is kept at an approximately right angle to the rotating shaft of the switch (18), that the switch (18) in the on position is located above one end of the safety unit-fuse (40 ) and that one end (58) of the locking mechanism is formed by one folding cam (22) and is rigidly connected to the folding lever (18) and hits the fuse (40) when it is not correctly inserted into the clamping seat on the housing.

5. A switch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the fuse (44) has a holder (42), which in the region of the locking mechanism (58,60) at the adjacent end is attached by a locking protrusion (42) to the rib (54) of the housing ( 10).

6. A switch according to claim 5, characterized in that the holder (42) shows a groove (60), in which the thread (58) of the locking mechanism of the engagement lever (18) engages.

7. A switch according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the safety insert (44) is held by the electrodes (44, 48) at its opposite ends and clamped between the contact sheets (32, 38).