SI9700256A

SI9700256A - Electric device switch

Info

Publication number: SI9700256A
Application number: SI9700256A
Authority: SI
Inventors: Anton �emrov
Original assignee: Eti Elektroelement D.D.
Priority date: 1997-10-02
Filing date: 1997-10-02
Publication date: 1999-06-30
Also published as: MY124173A; DK1019929T3; PL339653A1; AU9196498A; CZ297167B6; ES2175772T3; WO1999018589A1; IL135372A0; YU19400A; HUP0004530A3; HRP20000178A2; ATE213868T1; EP1019929B1; BR9812709A; EP1019929A1; SK286018B6; CZ20001176A3; SK4792000A3; DE69803997D1; DE69803997T2

Abstract

The electric device switch, which can be made using a fuse operating with a fuse-link or without fuse, basically consists of a chassis (1), which includes two equal mirror-type halves (2), where both chassis differ only by the fact that the chassis featuring the fuse is extended for the length of the seat (3) for the fuse-link. The chassis (1) halves (2) feature beds (6, 7, 8) in the form of ribs for permanent contacts (9, 10) and contact (11) of the fuse-link (4). The moving contact (12) is guided by the rib-like guides (13), supported by a spring (14) and directly controlled by a shaft (15). On its opposite side the shaft (15) is gripping at the switching handle (17) by which the switch is manually activated. The handle (17) is mounted to the axis (18), which lies in both chassis (1) halves (2). The shaft (15) is apart from the handle (15) guided in each chassis (1) half (2) by an arched rib (21), having its center in the center of the axis (18). Inside both chassis (1) halves (2) there are two arched wings (26) located next to the axis (18), having its center concentrically to the axis (18) or rib (21) and which are made by a recess (27) as a shaft (15) bed when the terminals are open. The arc (19) is eccentrically positioned compared to the axis (18) or the wings (26), so that in the position of the handle (17) when terminals are open, the end of the arc (19) is in the rest position (20) between the concavity (27) and the axis (18) while the other end of the arc (19) is in the rest position (20') on the virtual extension of the wings (26) across the concavity (27). This ensures the fitting of the shaft (15) inside the concavity (27) in the most open position of the handle (17) and the release of pressure on the handle (17) by the spring (14) via the shaft (15).

Description

Elektroelement d.d.Elektroelement d.d.

ELEKTRIČNO STIKALO ZA NAPRAVEELECTRICAL SWITCH FOR DEVICES

Področje izumaFIELD OF THE INVENTION

Predmet izuma je električno stikalo za naprave, zlasti stikalo za vgradnjo na letev, pri čemer je lahko stikalo izvedeno v istem ohišju tudi z varovalko, prednostno s talilnim vložkom.The object of the invention is an electrical switch for devices, in particular a switch for mounting on a lath, the switch being made in the same housing by means of a fuse, preferably with a melter insert.

Tehnični problemA technical problem

Tehnični problem, ki ga rešuje izum je, kako zasnovati električno stikalo s čim manjšim številom enostavnih sestavnih delov, ki bodo omogočali preprosto in hitro montažo ob ustrezanju vsem predpisanim standardom in kvaliteti, pri čemer naj bi bil izdelek tudi cenovno ugoden oziroma konkurenčen.A technical problem solved by the invention is how to design an electrical switch with as few simple components as possible, which will allow for easy and quick installation with all the prescribed standards and quality, while also making the product affordable or competitive.

Znano stanje tehnikeThe prior art

Tovrstno stikalo po nemškem patentu DE 26 18 360 (Lindner GmbH), katerega ohišje vsebuje tudi varovalko na talilni vložek, vključuje prekinjevalno ročico, na kateri je ekscentrično nameščen vzvod, ki po zasuku ročice v smislu vklopa oziroma izklopa trenutno odmika gibljivi kontakt od fiksnih kontaktov. Ko se fiksna kontakta pri odstranitvi talilnega vložka odmakneta s pomočjo posebne vzmeti, se z njima samodejno premaknejo vilice, katerih en prosti konec preprečuje zasuk prekinjevalne ročice, s katerim bi sklenili kontakt ob odsotnosti talilnega vložka v njegovem sedežu. Za zagotovitev ravnotežnih leg kontaktov v odprtem in sklenjenem stanju priSuch a switch, according to German patent DE 26 18 360 (Lindner GmbH), whose housing also contains a fuse on the fuse box, includes a discontinuous lever on which the lever is eccentrically mounted, which immediately moves the moving contact away from the fixed contacts after the lever is turned on or off. . When the fixed contacts are removed by a special spring when removing the fusible cartridge, they are automatically moved by a fork, one free end of which prevents the opening lever from rotating to contact in the absence of the fusible cartridge in its seat. To ensure an open and closed contact position at

25795/D18-IX-97.Vr.25795 / D18-IX-97.

ročice in tročlenkastega vzvoda, na katerem je nameščen gibljivi kontakt, ki je podprt s tremi vzmetmi. En fiksni kontakt je prav tako podprt s posebno vzmetjo in vsebuje tudi vilice za blokiranje zapiranja ročice ob odsotnosti talilnega vložka.lever and three-member lever on which a movable contact is mounted, supported by three springs. One fixed contact is also supported by a special spring and also contains a fork to lock the lever in the absence of a melter.

Opisano stikalo sicer ustreza vsem predpisom, vendar je drago, ker vsebuje naštete izdelovalno sorazmerno komplicirane elemente, ki so dragi zaradi zahtevnih orodij za njihovo proizvodnjo. Veliko število sestavnih delov pogojuje dolgotrajno montažo stikala, kar izdelek še podraži.The described switch complies with all regulations, but it is expensive because it contains the listed relatively complicated components, which are expensive because of the demanding tools for their production. The large number of components necessitates the long installation of the switch, which makes the product even more expensive.

Rešitev tehničnega problemaThe solution to a technical problem

Rešitev opisanega tehničnega problema je v taki zasnovi stikalnega sklopa, ki bo vse predpisane delovne funkcije opravljal z manjšim številom enostavnejših sestavnih delov, ki bodo poceni za izdelavo in bodo omogočali hitrejšo in enostavnejšo montažo. Seveda mora nova zasnova ustrezati vsem predpisom in standardom.The solution to the described technical problem lies in the design of the switch assembly, which will perform all the prescribed work functions with a smaller number of simpler components, which will be cheap to manufacture and will allow faster and easier installation. Of course, the new design must meet all regulations and standards.

Bistvena novost in značilnost stikala po izumu je v tem, da je v prekinjevalni ročici stikala oblikovana ekscenktrična kulisa, v katero vprijemlje samo en drog, ki z nasprotnim koncem leži neposredno v gibljivem kontaktu. Ročica vsebuje tudi materialnosklepno izvedeno pero, ki zagotavlja zaskočno lego ročice v sklenjenem stanju kontaktov in obenem zračnost droga in ročice v tem stanju, da je zagotovljen pravilen tlak sklenjenih kontaktov, ki ga določa vzmet pod gibljivim kontaktom. Eksentrična kulisa v ohišju tudi vodi in pozicionira drog med njegovim gibanjem ter ga drži v obeh skrajnih legah. Samo ena vzmet, ki deluje neposredno na gibljivi kontakt, zagotavlja silo za ohranjanje lege gibljivega kontakta v obeh skranjih legah in tlak prilega gibljivega kontakta na oba fiksna kontakta.An essential novelty and characteristic of the switch according to the invention is that an eccentric scaffold is formed in the switch breaker arm, into which only one pole, which with the opposite end lies directly in the moving contact, is accommodated. The lever also includes a material-locked pen, which ensures the locking position of the lever in the closed state of contact, and at the same time, the playability of the rod and the lever in this state, to ensure the correct pressure of the closed contacts determined by the spring under the moving contact. The eccentric backdrop in the housing also guides and positions the rod during its movement and holds it in both extreme positions. Only one spring acting directly on the movable contact provides a force to maintain the position of the movable contact in both hiding positions and the pressure of the movable contact to both fixed contacts.

Stikalni del stikla za naprave po izumu je torej izveden samo iz ročice, droga, kontaktov in ene vzmeti, ter oblikovno izvedenih kulis in vodil neposredno v ohišju ter peresa v ročici. Taka konstrukcija, ki temelji na enostavni obliki posameznih delov pogojuje enostavno orodje za brizganje ohišja, ročice in droga. Kontakti so tudi zasnovani na znan način, ki ne zahteva posebne izdelovalne tehnologije. Rezultat je enostavno in hitra montaža s preprostim vstavljanjem vseh elementov v eno polovico ohišja in nato zaprtje le-tega z drugo polovico, ter medsebojno trajno povezovanje.The switch part of the device switch according to the invention is therefore made only of the lever, the rod, the contacts and one spring, as well as the designed scenery and guides directly in the housing and the pens in the lever. Such a construction, based on the simple shape of the individual parts, necessitates a simple tool for injecting the housing, the handle and the bar. The contacts are also designed in a familiar way that does not require special manufacturing technology. The result is simple and quick installation, by simply inserting all the elements into one half of the housing and then closing it with the other half, and interconnecting them permanently.

25795/D18-IX-97.Vr.25795 / D18-IX-97.

Podrobneje so značilnosti izuma pojasnjene v nadaljevnaju z opisom dveh izvedbenih primerov in risb, na katerih kaže sl. 1 stikalo za naprave z varovalko na talilni vložek v stanju sklenjenega kontakta v prerezu po stični ravnini obeh polovic ohišja;The features of the invention are explained in more detail below with the description of two embodiments and drawings, in which FIG. 1 switch for devices with a fuse on a fuse in the contacted state in cross-section along the contact plane of the two halves of the housing;

sl. 2 isto v stanju odpte ročice, razklenjenega kontakta in izvlečenega sedeža talilnega vložka;FIG. 2 the same in the state of the open lever, the open contact and the fuselage seat extended;

sl. 3 isto v stanju zapiranja ročice oziroma vklopa stikala sl. 4 stikalo za naprave (brez varovalke) v stanju sklenjenega kontakta in v prerezu po stični ravnini obeh polovic ohišja.FIG. 3 shows the same when the lever is closed or the switch is on. 4 device switch (without fuse) in the closed contact state and in cross-section along the contact plane of both halves of the housing.

Stikalo za naprave, ki je lahko izvedeno z varovalko na talilni vložek ali brez varovalke, v osnovi sestoji iz ohišja 1, ki obsega zrcalno enaki polovici 2, pri čemer se obe ohišji razlikujeta samo v tem, daje ohišje z varovalko podaljšano za širino sedeža 3 za talilni vložek 4. Vendar zasnova sedeža 3 za talilni vložek 4 ni predmet tega izuma, niti ne upliva nanj. Ohišje 1 je nadalje izvedeno po zunanji obliki in gabaritih v skladu s standardi in je prednostno prirejeno za namestitev na letev, ki ni prikazana na slikah, s pomočjo utora 5 na svoji zadnji strani.A switch for devices which may be made with or without a fuse box, essentially consists of a housing 1 comprising mirror-like halves 2, the two housings differ only in that the housing with the fuse is extended by the width of the seat 3 However, the design of seat 3 for melter 4 is not an object of this invention, nor does it affect it. The housing 1 is further designed in accordance with the exterior and dimensions according to the standards and is preferably adapted for mounting on a non-illustrated strip by means of a groove 5 at its rear.

V polovicah 2 ohišja 1 so izvedena ležišča 6, 7, 8 v obliki reber za fiksna kontakta 9, 10 in kontakt 11 talilnega vložka 4. Premični kontakt 12 je voden v rebrastih vodilih 13 in podprt z vzmetjo 14. Premični kontakt 12 je neposredno krmiljen z drogom 15, kije voden v svoji osni smeri v rebrastih vodilih 16, ki ležita na polovicah 2 ohišja 1 v območju premičnega kontakta 12. Na svoji nasprotni strani vprijemlje drog 15 v prekinjevalno ročico 17, s katero ročno prekinjamo stikalo. Ročica 17 je uležajena na osi 18, ki leži v obeh polovicah 2 ohišja 1. Glede na os 18 ima ročica ekscentrični krožni lok 19, ki tvori kot približno 45° in je na obeh koncih omejen z omejilnima naslonoma 20 in 20’. Drog 15 je ob ročici 17 voden še v vsaki polovici 2 ohišja 1 z lokastim rebrom 21, katerega središče leži v središču osi 18. Vsako rebro 21 leži tako, da sega v lokasto režo 22, kije izvedena v ročici 17. Zunanji lokasti segment 23 ročice 17 ob reži 22 deluje kot pero in je izveden z manjšo izboklino 24 na svojem prostem koncu. Izboklina 24 naslanja ob podobno izboklino 25 na ohišju 1, ko leži ročica 17 v zaprti legi, t.j. pri sklenjenem kontaktu. V obeh polovicah 2 ohišja 1 sta ob osi 18 izvedeni lokasti kulisi 26, katerih središče loka leži koncentrično z osjo 18 oziroma rebrom 21. Kulisa 26 je v območju lege droga 15 pri razklenjenih električnih kontak25795/D18-IX-97.Vr.In the halves 2 of the housing 1 there are bays 6, 7, 8 in the form of ribs for fixed contacts 9, 10 and contact 11 of the melter insert 4. The movable contact 12 is guided in the rib guides 13 and supported by a spring 14. The movable contact 12 is directly controlled with a rod 15 which is guided in its axial direction by the ribbed guides 16 which lie on the halves 2 of the housing 1 in the region of the movable contact 12. On its opposite side, the rod 15 is inserted into the interrupting lever 17 by which the switch is manually broken. The lever 17 is mounted on the axis 18, which lies in both halves 2 of the housing 1. With respect to the axis 18, the lever has an eccentric circular arc 19, which forms an angle of about 45 ° and is bounded at both ends by the restraints 20 and 20 '. The rod 15 is guided in each half 2 of the housing 1 with an elongated rib 21 whose center lies in the center of the axis 18. Each rib 21 lies in such a way that it extends into the elbow slot 22, which is made in the lever 17. Exterior arched segment 23 the lever 17 at the slot 22 acts as a pen and is made with a smaller bulge 24 at its free end. The bulge 24 rests against a similar bulge 25 on the housing 1 when the lever 17 is in the closed position, i.e. when contact is made. In both halves 2 of housing 1, along the axis 18, arched scaffolds 26 are formed, the center of the arch being concentrically with the axis 18 or the rib 21. The backdrop 26 is in the region of the position of the bar 15 at the open electrical contacts25795 / D18-IX-97.

tih izvedena s stopničasto vboklino 27 kot ležiščem droga 15 pri razklenjenih kontaktih. Vboklina 27 leži v smeri navideznega podaljška rebrastih vodil 16 droga 15 in je zaključena z omejilnim prislonom 28.silently made with a stepped recess 27 as the bearing of the bar 15 at open contacts. The recess 27 lies in the direction of the apparent extension of the ribbed guides 16 of the bar 15 and is terminated by the restraint 28.

Lok 19 je ekscentrično pozicioniran glede na os 18 oziroma na kuliso 26 tako, da v legi ročice 17 pri razklenjenih električnih kontaktih leži konec loka 19 ob prislonu 20 med vboklino 27 in osjo 18, nasprotni konec loka 19 ob prislonu 20’pa na navideznem ločnem podaljšku kulise 26 preko vbokline 27. S tem sta v najbolj odprti legi ročice 17 zagotovljena naleg droga 15 v vboklini 27 in razbremenitev ročice 17 pritiska vzmeti 14 preko droga 15.The arch 19 is eccentrically positioned relative to the axis 18 or to the scenery 26 such that in the position of the lever 17, with the electrical contacts open, the end of the arc 19 at the stop 20 lies between the recess 27 and the axis 18, the opposite end of the arc 19 at the stop 20'pa at the apparent disconnect extending the scenery 26 through the recess 27. In this way, in the most open position of the lever 17, a contact of the bar 15 is provided in the recess 27 and the relief of the lever 17 of the pressure of the spring 14 via the bar 15.

Ročica 17 in ohišje 1 imata izvedene tudi izvrtine 28 za na slikah neprikazane plombirne elemente.The lever 17 and the housing 1 also have bores 28 for the sealing elements not shown in the figures.

Stikalo razklenemo tako, da zasukamo ročico 17 iz končne lege, ko leži znotraj polovic 2 ohišja 1 (sl. 1), pri čemer prekinemo morebitno na slikah neprikazano plombo. Pri sukanju ročice 17 najprej preskoči izboklina 24 ročice 17 izboklino 25 na ohišju 1, s čimer dobimo občutek, da se nahaja ročica 17 v delovnem območju. Nato naleze omejilni naslon 20 na drog 15, ki je voden z rebrom 21 in krožnim lokom 19 ročice 17. Pri nadaljnjem sukanju ročice 17 se trenutno odmakne premični kontakt 12 od fiksnih kontaktov 9, 10 in prekine električni tokokrog. S suknajem ročice 17 v proti svoji odprti legi, se pomika drog 15 po kulisi 26, dokler ni potisnen do vbokline 27 ob kulisi 26. Zaradi lege loka 19 med vboklino 27 in osjo 18 preskoči drog s kulise 26 v vboklino, v kateri ostane pozicioniran zaradi sile vzmeti 14.To open the switch, rotate the lever 17 from the end position as it lies inside the halves 2 of the housing 1 (Fig. 1), interrupting any seals not shown in the figures. When rotating the lever 17, the bulge 24 of the lever 17 first skips the bulge 25 on the housing 1, giving the feeling that the lever 17 is in the working area. Thereafter, the restraint 20 rests on a bar 15 guided by a rib 21 and a circular arc 19 of the lever 17. Upon further rotation of the lever 17, the movable contact 12 is momentarily moved away from the fixed contacts 9, 10 and the electrical circuit is interrupted. By turning the lever 17 in its open position, the rod 15 moves around the stage 26 until it is pushed to the recess 27 near the recess 26. Due to the position of the arch 19 between the recess 27 and the axis 18, the pole from the scenery 26 jumps into which it remains positioned. due to the force of the spring 14.

Zato v izklopljeni legi kontaktov vzmet 14 preko droga 15 ne deluje več na ročico 17 oziroma os 18 (sl. 3). Razbremenjena ročica 17 je v izklopljenem stanju kontaktov prosto sazukljiva za kot, ki ga določa širina vbokline 26.Therefore, in the switched off contact position, the spring 14 no longer acts on the lever 17 or the axis 18 via the rod 15 (Fig. 3). The unloaded lever 17 is free to rotate in the switched off state by the angle defined by the width of the recess 26.

V svoji izklopni legi sprosti ročica 17 sedež 3 varovalke 4, da ga lahko brez kakršnegakoli orodja izvlečemo toliko iz ohišja, da neovirano zamenjamo varovalko.In its off position, the lever 17 releases the seat 3 of the fuse 4 so that it can be pulled out of the housing without any tools to replace the fuse without hindrance.

V sedežu 3 varovalke 4 je na strani ročice 17 izveden vzmetni zob 29, ki se pri izvleku sedeža 3 iz ohišja nasloni za zob 30 ročice 17 in prepreči neposredno odstranitev sedeža 3 iz ohišja 1. Samo z upogibom vzmetenga zoba 29 s pomočjo manjšega izvijača ali podobnega lahko popolnoma izvlečemo sedež 3 iz ohišja 1.In the seat 3 of the fuse 4, a spring tooth 29 is provided on the side of the lever 17 which, when pulling the seat 3 from the housing, rests on the tooth 30 of the lever 17 and prevents the seat 3 from being removed directly from the housing 1. Only by bending the spring tooth 29 with a smaller screwdriver or similarly, seat 3 can be completely removed from housing 1.

25795/D18-IX-97.Vr.25795 / D18-IX-97.

Pri vklapljanju stikala (sl. 3) sukamo ročico 17 v obratni smeri. Potem ko smo prosto zasukali ročico 17 toliko, da naleze prislon 20’ vrh droga 15, ekscentrični lok 19 dvigne drog 15 iz vbokline 27. Pri nadaljnjem sukanju ročice 17, lok 19 ob prislonu 20’ ročice 17 premakne drog 15 tako, da le-ta potuje po kulisi 26. V svoji neravnotežni legi na loku 19 trenutno preskoči drog 15 zaradi delovanja vzmeti 14 z lege na loku 19 ob prislonu 20’ v lego na loku 19 ob nasprotnem prislonu 20, s tem pa tudi trenutno sklene električna kontakta 9, 10 preko kontakta 12. Ob nalegu premičnega kontakta 12 na fiksnih kontaktih 9, 10 ob delovanju vzmeti 14 se razbremenita drog 15 in ročica 17 sile vzmeti 14, s čimer zagotovimo dolgo življensko dobo oziroma predpisano minimalno število vklopov in izklopov stikala.Turning the switch (Fig. 3) turns the lever 17 in the opposite direction. After we have freely rotated the lever 17 so that the stop 20 'extends on the top of the bar 15, the eccentric bow 19 lifts the bar 15 from the recess 27. In further twisting of the lever 17, the bow 19 moves the bar 15 at the lever 20' of the lever 17 so that it travels backstage 26. In its non-equilibrium position on arch 19, it currently jumps the pole 15 due to the operation of the spring 14 from the position on the arch 19 at the back 20 'to the position on the arch 19 at the opposite back 20, thereby also concluding electrical contacts 9, 10 via contact 12. When the moving contact 12 is in contact with the fixed contacts 9, 10, when the spring 14 is in operation, the rod 15 and the spring force arm 14 are relieved, thus ensuring a long service life or a prescribed minimum number of switches on and off.

Razume se, da lahko s poznavanjem izvedbenga primera zasnuje strokovnjak s tega področja tudi drugačne izvedbe stikala za naprave, ne da bi obšel značilnosti izuma, ki so opredeljene v priloženih patentnih zahtevkih.It is understood that, with the knowledge of the embodiment, a person skilled in the art can also conceive of a different embodiment of the device switch without circumventing the features of the invention defined in the appended claims.

Claims

Patent claims

1. A switch for devices consisting of a housing (1), which may include a seat (3) for a melting insert (4), wherein the beds (6,7, 8) are shaped in the halves (2) of the housing (1). ribs for fixed contacts (9,10) and contact (11) of the melter insert (4) and the movable contact (12) is guided in ribbed guides (13) and supported by a spring (14), while for manual switching on and off of the switch provided lever (17), characterized in that the movable contact (12) is directly controlled by a rod (15) which is guided in its axial direction by the ribbed guides (16) which rest on the halves (2) of the housing (1) in in the area of the movable contact (12) and on its opposite side receives in the interrupting lever (17), the lever (17) being mounted on the axis (18) which lies in both halves (2) of the housing (1).

Device switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the lever (17) has an eccentric circular arc (19) with respect to the axis (18), which forms an angle of about 45 ° and is bounded on both ends by the restraining brackets (20 and 20 ').

Device switch according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the rod (15) is guided in each half (2) of the housing (1) with an elbow rib (21) centered centrally by the lever (17). axis (18), with each rib (21) lying in such a way that it extends into an elbow slot (22) which is made in the lever (17), thereby leaving the outer elbow segment (23) of the lever (17) adjacent to the slot (22). ) made as a pen and comprising a smaller projection (24) which rests against a similar projection (25) on the housing (1) when the lever (17) is in the closed position, i.e. with electrical contact.

Device switch according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the two halves (2) of the housing (1) along the axis (18) there are arched scales (26) whose center of the arc lies concentrically with the axis (18) or a rib (21), wherein the scaffold (26) is made in the region of contact with the pole (15) with open electrical contacts by a recess (27) lying in the direction of the apparent extension of the rib guides (16) of the pole (15) and terminated by restrictive stop (28).

25795 / D18-IX-97.

Device switch according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the arch (19) is eccentrically positioned relative to the axis (18) or to the scaffold (26) such that in the position of the lever (17), when the electrical contacts are open, the end the arch (19) at the stop (20) between the recess (27) and the axis (18), and the opposite end of the arch (19) at the stop (20 ') at the apparent separate extension of the stage (26) over the recess (27).