HK1176525A1 - Filter additive - Google Patents

Filter additive

Info

Publication number
HK1176525A1
HK1176525A1 HK13103542.2A HK13103542A HK1176525A1 HK 1176525 A1 HK1176525 A1 HK 1176525A1 HK 13103542 A HK13103542 A HK 13103542A HK 1176525 A1 HK1176525 A1 HK 1176525A1
Authority
HK
Hong Kong
Prior art keywords
filter additive
additive
filter
Prior art date
Application number
HK13103542.2A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
John SAMPSON
David Rushforth
Original Assignee
British American Tobacco Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by British American Tobacco Co filed Critical British American Tobacco Co
Publication of HK1176525A1 publication Critical patent/HK1176525A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/04—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure
    • A24D3/048—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure containing additives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/0204—Preliminary operations before the filter rod forming process, e.g. crimping, blooming
    • A24D3/0212—Applying additives to filter materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/14—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as additive

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
HK13103542.2A 2010-05-12 2013-03-21 Filter additive HK1176525A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB1007946.5A GB201007946D0 (en) 2010-05-12 2010-05-12 Filter additive
PCT/GB2011/050899 WO2011141735A1 (en) 2010-05-12 2011-05-11 Filter additive

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
HK1176525A1 true HK1176525A1 (en) 2013-08-02

Family

ID=42334676

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
HK13103542.2A HK1176525A1 (en) 2010-05-12 2013-03-21 Filter additive

Country Status (18)

Country Link
US (1) US20130137561A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2568833B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5872547B2 (en)
KR (2) KR20150144820A (en)
CN (1) CN102883629B (en)
AR (1) AR084386A1 (en)
AU (1) AU2011251791B2 (en)
BR (1) BR112012028950B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2798042C (en)
CL (1) CL2012003121A1 (en)
GB (1) GB201007946D0 (en)
HK (1) HK1176525A1 (en)
MX (1) MX2012012474A (en)
NZ (1) NZ603222A (en)
RU (1) RU2565566C2 (en)
UA (1) UA106913C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2011141735A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA201208308B (en)

Families Citing this family (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
UA112456C2 (en) 2011-12-30 2016-09-12 Філіп Морріс Продактс С.А. AEROSOL PRODUCT FOR USE WITH AIR APPLICATION DEVICE
EP2625975A1 (en) * 2012-02-13 2013-08-14 Philip Morris Products S.A. Aerosol-generating article having an aerosol-cooling element
AR089602A1 (en) 2011-12-30 2014-09-03 Philip Morris Products Sa AEROSOL GENERATOR ARTICLE FOR USE WITH AN AEROSOL GENERATOR DEVICE
AU2012360832B2 (en) 2011-12-30 2016-11-24 Philip Morris Products S.A. Smoking article with front-plug and method
UA113765C2 (en) 2012-05-31 2017-03-10 FLAVORED STICKERS INTENDED FOR USE IN AEROSOLATION PRODUCTS
AR091509A1 (en) 2012-06-21 2015-02-11 Philip Morris Products Sa ARTICLE TO SMOKE TO BE USED WITH AN INTERNAL HEATING ELEMENT
TWI629008B (en) * 2012-10-22 2018-07-11 菲利浦莫里斯製品股份有限公司 Filter segment comprising an acetate salt and glycerine
KR102339129B1 (en) * 2013-06-26 2021-12-14 에스더블유엠 서비스 에스.에이.에스. Filter media
JP6674891B2 (en) * 2013-12-23 2020-04-01 フィリップ・モーリス・プロダクツ・ソシエテ・アノニム Method and apparatus for processing continuous sheet material
GB201400990D0 (en) * 2014-01-21 2014-03-05 British American Tobacco Co Filter materials and filters made therefrom
CN107224007A (en) * 2017-07-24 2017-10-03 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 A kind of cigarette filter
CN107927904A (en) * 2017-10-09 2018-04-20 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 Cigarette filter rod curing agent and its preparation and application
CN108095191A (en) * 2017-11-10 2018-06-01 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 A kind of tobacco plug plasticizer and its application
CN108185518A (en) * 2017-12-22 2018-06-22 云南养瑞科技集团有限公司 A kind of filter core with degradable function
CN109288123B (en) * 2018-08-24 2021-08-20 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司 Cooling filter tip and cigarette
US11432581B2 (en) 2018-09-07 2022-09-06 Altria Client Services Llc Capsule containing a matrix, device with the matrix, and method of forming the matrix
GB201817563D0 (en) * 2018-10-29 2018-12-12 Nerudia Ltd Heat-not-burn consumable
CN113163855A (en) * 2018-12-07 2021-07-23 日本烟草产业株式会社 Non-combustion heating type smoking article, electric heating type smoking system and method for manufacturing non-combustion heating type smoking article
WO2020202257A1 (en) * 2019-03-29 2020-10-08 日本たばこ産業株式会社 Cooling segment, non-combustion heating type flavor inhalation article, method for using non-combustion heating type flavor inhalation article, and non-combustion heating type flavor inhalation system
KR102445558B1 (en) * 2020-07-06 2022-09-20 주식회사 케이티앤지 Filter for smoking articles containing solid flavoring agents and manufacturing method thereof

Family Cites Families (101)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH319210A (en) * 1952-12-05 1957-02-15 Eastman Kodak Co Filtering element intended in particular to filter tobacco smoke
US2904050A (en) * 1955-01-05 1959-09-15 Eastman Kodak Co Tobacco smoke filtering elements
US3079929A (en) * 1958-08-09 1963-03-05 Mueller Paul Adolf Filter plugs for cigarettes
US2992648A (en) * 1959-06-10 1961-07-18 Maxwell E Sparrow Cigarette filters
US3347247A (en) * 1964-05-14 1967-10-17 Philip Morris Inc Tobacco smoke filter
FR1446578A (en) * 1964-08-27 1966-07-22 Courtaulds Ltd Method of manufacturing filter elements for cigarettes
GB1113070A (en) * 1964-08-27 1968-05-08 Courtaulds Ltd Filter elements
US3310060A (en) * 1964-08-31 1967-03-21 Olin Mathieson Cellulosic filter for tobacco smoke
US3390039A (en) * 1964-10-09 1968-06-25 Eastman Kodak Co Method and apparatus for making additive filters
FR1456985A (en) * 1964-10-09 1966-07-08 Eastman Kodak Co Process and apparatus for the manufacture of filament filters for tobacco smoke
US3501361A (en) * 1965-09-22 1970-03-17 Eastman Kodak Co Method for producing cigarette filters
US3407822A (en) * 1966-02-07 1968-10-29 Eastman Kodak Co Tobacco smoke filters containing polyethylene encapsulated cellulose particles
US3704192A (en) * 1966-09-21 1972-11-28 Celanese Corp Process of making tobacco smoke filters from extruded polymer and binder
US3640742A (en) * 1967-07-03 1972-02-08 Eastman Kodak Co Plasticizer blend for cellulose esters
US3476120A (en) * 1968-12-11 1969-11-04 Eastman Kodak Co Cigarette filter tow
US3599646A (en) * 1969-04-30 1971-08-17 American Filtrona Corp Cigarette filter
US3635226A (en) * 1969-06-16 1972-01-18 British American Tobacco Co Tobacco-smoke filters
US3605759A (en) * 1969-12-22 1971-09-20 Olin Corp Filter for tobacco smoke
US3900037A (en) * 1969-12-24 1975-08-19 Brown & Williamson Tobacco Tobacco-smoke filters
US3800676A (en) * 1970-05-13 1974-04-02 Celanese Corp Filters
US4156431A (en) * 1971-07-08 1979-05-29 Epstein Samuel S Smoke processing
US4059121A (en) * 1973-04-20 1977-11-22 Rothmans Of Pall Mall Canada Limited Filter for tobacco smoke
US3847064A (en) * 1972-09-11 1974-11-12 American Filtrona Corp Tobacco smoke filter
US4283186A (en) * 1976-10-06 1981-08-11 Celanese Corporation Method of forming cigarette filter material
GB1592549A (en) * 1976-10-06 1981-07-08 British American Tobacco Co Tobacco-smoke filters
CH625403A5 (en) * 1977-08-11 1981-09-30 Celfil Co
GB2020158B (en) * 1978-04-21 1982-11-24 Cigarette Components Ltd Production of tobacco smoke filters
US4274914A (en) * 1978-08-28 1981-06-23 Celanese Corporation Filter material
US4221226A (en) * 1979-02-15 1980-09-09 Eastman Kodak Company Hot melt adhesive for bonding filter tow, and filter elements bonded thereby
US4357188A (en) * 1979-10-22 1982-11-02 Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. Method for manufacturing cigarette filters
CH647935A5 (en) * 1980-08-04 1985-02-28 Molins Ltd PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A FILLING MATERIAL, MACHINE FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME, APPLICATION OF THE PROCESS AND PLANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A SEAL OF CIGARETTE FILTERS.
US4528050A (en) * 1981-07-30 1985-07-09 Molins Plc Producing filler material, particularly for cigarette filters
US4481958A (en) * 1981-08-25 1984-11-13 Philip Morris Incorporated Combustible carbon filter and smoking product
JPS6048156B2 (en) * 1982-07-07 1985-10-25 三菱アセテート株式会社 tobacco smoke filter
US4476807A (en) * 1983-02-18 1984-10-16 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Apparatus for application of additives to cigarette filter tow
US4549875A (en) * 1983-06-02 1985-10-29 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
US4655230A (en) * 1985-03-29 1987-04-07 Celanese Corporation Localized liquid additive applicator system for continuous cylindrical product
US4756316A (en) * 1985-08-12 1988-07-12 Philip Morris Incorporated Method for producing a cigarette filter rod
US4715390A (en) * 1985-11-19 1987-12-29 Philip Morris Incorporated Matrix entrapment of flavorings for smoking articles
US4807809A (en) * 1988-02-12 1989-02-28 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Rod making apparatus for smoking article manufacture
GB8823388D0 (en) * 1988-10-05 1988-11-09 Cigarette Components Ltd Tobacco smoke filter containing particulate additive
US5074320A (en) * 1989-10-26 1991-12-24 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Cigarette and cigarette filter
US5105834A (en) * 1989-12-18 1992-04-21 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Cigarette and cigarette filter element therefor
US5141006A (en) * 1990-02-28 1992-08-25 Eastman Kodak Company Tobacco smoke filter material and process for production thereof
US5053066A (en) * 1990-05-04 1991-10-01 Hassenboehler Charles B Nonwoven filter and method of manufacture
US5246017A (en) * 1990-11-06 1993-09-21 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Cigarette and cigarette filter element therefor
AU658372B2 (en) * 1990-11-19 1995-04-13 Cigarette Components Limited Smoke filter containing particulate smoke modifying additive
GB9121782D0 (en) * 1991-10-14 1991-11-27 Cigarette Components Ltd Cigarette filter containing particulate smoke modifying additive
US5465739A (en) * 1992-04-15 1995-11-14 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Cigarette and cigarette filter element therefor
US5531235A (en) * 1992-09-28 1996-07-02 Hassenboehler, Jr.; Charles B. Cigarette filter micropleated web and method of manufacture
JP3316309B2 (en) * 1993-07-13 2002-08-19 ダイセル化学工業株式会社 Tobacco filter and method for producing the same
TW241198B (en) * 1993-09-06 1995-02-21 Daicel Chem A tobacco filter material and a method of producing the same
EP0709037B1 (en) * 1994-10-31 2001-05-02 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. A tobacco filter material and a tobacco filter as produced using the same
WO1997005790A1 (en) * 1995-08-04 1997-02-20 Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. Filter medium and cigarette filter made with the use of the same
US5709227A (en) * 1995-12-05 1998-01-20 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Degradable smoking article
DE19605863A1 (en) * 1996-02-16 1997-08-21 Reemtsma H F & Ph Cigarette filter
JPH09316420A (en) * 1996-05-27 1997-12-09 Daicel Chem Ind Ltd Water-soluble hot melt adhesive, cigarette filter using the same and their production
US5817159A (en) * 1996-12-31 1998-10-06 Cahill; Scott A. Filter with interpenetrating polymer network that biodegrades
US6305382B1 (en) * 1997-04-07 2001-10-23 Schweitzer-Mauduit International, Inc. Reduced basis weight cigarette paper
US5911224A (en) * 1997-05-01 1999-06-15 Filtrona International Limited Biodegradable polyvinyl alcohol tobacco smoke filters, tobacco smoke products incorporating such filters, and methods and apparatus for making same
AU735738B2 (en) * 1997-10-10 2001-07-12 Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation Spray application of an additive composition to sheet materials
JP4098079B2 (en) * 2000-08-31 2008-06-11 日本たばこ産業株式会社 Filter making machine
AU2002228901A1 (en) * 2000-11-10 2002-05-21 Vector Tobacco (Bermuda) Ltd. Method and product for removing carcinogens from tobacco smoke
US20090065012A1 (en) * 2001-08-14 2009-03-12 Pankaj Patel Materials and Methods for Manufacturing Cigarettes
WO2003041521A2 (en) * 2001-11-09 2003-05-22 Vector Tobacco Inc. Method and composition for mentholation of charcoal filtered cigarettes
TWI324049B (en) * 2002-01-08 2010-05-01 Japan Tobacco Inc Smoking filter and smoking article
DE10217410A1 (en) * 2002-04-18 2003-10-30 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Cigarette filter and method of making the same
JP4224457B2 (en) * 2002-09-04 2009-02-12 日本たばこ産業株式会社 Smoking filter
DE10252823A1 (en) * 2002-11-13 2004-06-09 Biotec Biologische Naturverpackungen Gmbh & Co. Kg filter element
US7281540B2 (en) * 2002-12-20 2007-10-16 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Equipment and methods for manufacturing cigarettes
US6998009B2 (en) * 2003-06-10 2006-02-14 Ut-Battelle, Llc Filter and method of fabricating
ATE361004T1 (en) * 2003-09-03 2007-05-15 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A FILTER STRING
US7381277B2 (en) * 2004-07-29 2008-06-03 R.U. Reynolds Tobacco Company Flavoring a cigarette by using a flavored filter plug wrap
GB0404324D0 (en) * 2004-02-27 2004-03-31 British American Tobacco Co Smoking article and apparatus and process for manufacturing a smoking article
DE102004048651A1 (en) * 2004-10-06 2006-04-13 Rhodia Acetow Gmbh Tobacco smoke filters or filter elements containing additives
US7856989B2 (en) * 2004-12-30 2010-12-28 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Electrostatically produced fast dissolving fibers
DE102005009608A1 (en) * 2005-02-28 2006-08-31 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Filter for articles of the tobacco processing industry
DE102005015877A1 (en) * 2005-04-06 2006-10-12 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Method and device for applying triacetin to a filter material web
US20100037905A1 (en) * 2005-09-05 2010-02-18 Maurer Guenter Filter or filter element for tobacco smoke cigarette containing such a filter or filter element and method for producing such a filter or filter element
ATE464799T1 (en) * 2006-01-27 2010-05-15 British American Tobacco Co PRODUCTION PROCESS FOR A ROD FOR PRODUCING A SMOKING ARTICLE
AU2007226406B2 (en) * 2006-03-10 2011-09-08 British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited Smoking article filter
DE102006047098A1 (en) * 2006-09-28 2008-04-03 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Method and device for heating and curing filter rods
US8739802B2 (en) * 2006-10-02 2014-06-03 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Filtered cigarette
US7855261B2 (en) * 2006-12-08 2010-12-21 Eastman Chemical Company Aldehyde removal
WO2008105475A1 (en) * 2007-03-01 2008-09-04 Takasago International Corporation Lipid composition having excellent shape retention property and product
GB0713905D0 (en) * 2007-07-17 2007-08-29 British American Tobacco Co Cellulose acetate thread in filter
EP2016840B1 (en) * 2007-07-20 2011-09-28 Köhl Maschinenbau GmbH Device for applying aroma agents to a line of tobacco, cigarette paper or cigarette filters
EP2025251A1 (en) * 2007-08-17 2009-02-18 Philip Morris Products S.A. Multi-component filter for a smoking article
WO2009078287A1 (en) * 2007-12-14 2009-06-25 Japan Tobacco Inc. Cigarette filter, and filter cigarette
US8613284B2 (en) * 2008-05-21 2013-12-24 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Cigarette filter comprising a degradable fiber
GB0903136D0 (en) * 2009-02-25 2009-04-08 British American Tobacco Co Smoking articles and method for manufacturing smoking articles
GB0910198D0 (en) * 2009-06-12 2009-07-29 British American Tobacco Co Smoking article
US8534294B2 (en) * 2009-10-09 2013-09-17 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Method for manufacture of smoking article filter assembly including electrostatically charged fiber
GB0920397D0 (en) * 2009-11-20 2010-01-06 Filtrona Int Ltd Tobacco smoke filter
US20110220130A1 (en) * 2009-12-15 2011-09-15 John-Paul Mua Tobacco Product And Method For Manufacture
GB0922253D0 (en) * 2009-12-21 2010-02-03 British American Tobacco Co Sheet filter materials with additives
RU93226U1 (en) * 2010-01-11 2010-04-27 Закрытое акционерное общество "Нево Табак" CIGARETTE
US20110180084A1 (en) * 2010-01-27 2011-07-28 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Apparatus and associated method for forming a filter component of a smoking article
US20110271968A1 (en) * 2010-05-07 2011-11-10 Carolyn Rierson Carpenter Filtered Cigarette With Modifiable Sensory Characteristics
US8950407B2 (en) * 2010-06-30 2015-02-10 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Degradable adhesive compositions for smoking articles
US8720450B2 (en) * 2010-07-30 2014-05-13 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Filter element comprising multifunctional fibrous smoke-altering material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102883629A (en) 2013-01-16
US20130137561A1 (en) 2013-05-30
AR084386A1 (en) 2013-05-15
CL2012003121A1 (en) 2013-02-15
ZA201208308B (en) 2016-09-28
JP2013526272A (en) 2013-06-24
EP2568833A1 (en) 2013-03-20
BR112012028950A2 (en) 2016-07-26
RU2012153392A (en) 2014-06-20
AU2011251791B2 (en) 2013-11-14
RU2565566C2 (en) 2015-10-20
BR112012028950B1 (en) 2019-12-03
KR20130028937A (en) 2013-03-20
NZ603222A (en) 2014-06-27
GB201007946D0 (en) 2010-06-30
KR20150144820A (en) 2015-12-28
CN102883629B (en) 2015-05-20
JP5872547B2 (en) 2016-03-01
MX2012012474A (en) 2013-02-27
CA2798042C (en) 2014-11-18
WO2011141735A1 (en) 2011-11-17
EP2568833B1 (en) 2017-01-18
CA2798042A1 (en) 2011-11-17
UA106913C2 (en) 2014-10-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
HK1176525A1 (en) Filter additive
HK1211533A1 (en) Filters
GB201117480D0 (en) Filter
ZA201307110B (en) Multi-metric filtering
GB201100595D0 (en) Filtration improvements
GB2490543B (en) Filter arrangement
EP2648188A4 (en) Debris filter
PL2582444T3 (en) Filter insert
EP2668528A4 (en) Filter
EP2550081A4 (en) Filter assembly
GB201220794D0 (en) Radar filter
GB2489919B (en) Filter
PL2412451T3 (en) Filter
TWM390173U (en) Filter structure
GB2482025B (en) Cigarette filter
EP2747191A4 (en) Filter
GB201100846D0 (en) Filter
TWM386117U (en) Filter structure
GB201100727D0 (en) Digital filter
TWM388975U (en) Mixing filter
GB2493421B (en) Filter
AU343010S (en) Filter
ZA201201500B (en) Filter
GB201111951D0 (en) Filter
IL227994A0 (en) Multi-metric filtering

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PC Patent ceased (i.e. patent has lapsed due to the failure to pay the renewal fee)

Effective date: 20190509