HK1077853A1

HK1077853A1 - Elastic fiber and use thereof

Info

Publication number: HK1077853A1
Application number: HK06100233.1A
Authority: HK
Inventors: 古谷哲朗; 越智清一; 中川明久; 大家义信; 中村良司; 石丸太; 大家義信
Original assignee: 东洋纺织株式会社
Priority date: 2002-04-22
Filing date: 2003-04-16
Publication date: 2006-02-24
Also published as: CN1646741A; CN100344806C; TWI277668B; TW200404109A; WO2003089700A1

Abstract

An elastic fiber comprising organic and/or inorganic high moisture absorption and release fine particles, characterized in that the elastic fiber exhibits a maximum temperature rise at moisture absorption and/or water absorption of 2ºC or higher; and a woven or knit fabric, or clothing such as an inner wear or stockings, characterized in that the elastic fiber is used in at least part thereof. The employment of this construction has enabled providing an elastic fiber that can be formed into a stretch fabric being thin and of light weight, exhibiting high moisture retention and further ensuring comfort and sensuousness. Moreover, the elastic fiber ensures desirable after-texturing passage, has excellent heat resistance, and can quickly remove steam occurring by sweating at exercise from the skin to thereby enable providing stretch clothing free from becoming stuffy.

Description

Elastic fiber and use thereof

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an elastic fiber having heat-releasing property by moisture absorption, use of a woven or knitted fabric thereof, and a method for producing a knitted fabric.

Background

Currently, fabrics that focus on thermal insulation tend to become thicker or heavier. When such cloths are worn, there are various problems such as heavy weight, difficulty in moving, impaired fashion, feeling of discomfort such as stuffiness when sweating on an electric train or the like due to insufficient moisture-releasing property after sweating, and feeling of coolness after the temperature of sweat is lowered.

In particular, a stretchable fabric using elastic fibers or the like is in close contact with the skin, and the above-mentioned uncomfortable feeling is particularly noticeable when a thick fabric is used to ensure heat retaining properties. In addition, in applications where beauty is sought by utilizing the fit, for example, stockings, pantyhose, and the like, the beauty in wearing is often greatly lowered if the thickness is increased.

Various studies have been made to ensure the heat retaining property of these thin fabrics, but many of them have been made only by changing the knitting structure or selecting a general-purpose yarn, and the effects thereof have not been sufficient, and a fabric ensuring the heat retaining property, the light weight, the comfort and the beauty cannot be obtained.

Synthetic fibers such as polyester fibers, nylon fibers, and polyurethane elastic fibers are generally poor in moisture absorption because they have a low content of hydrophilic functional groups, unlike natural fibers such as cotton, wool, and silk. Therefore, researchers have studied hydrophilization techniques for synthetic fibers for a long time, and for example, as described in the dyeing industry, volume 47, page 491, on page 10, various hydrophilization processes have been proposed.

A technique for improving the water absorption of polyurethane elastic fibers is disclosed in Japanese patent application laid-open No. Hei 11-81046. Disclosed are a water-insoluble, nonionic water-absorbent polyurethane yarn having high water absorbency, high biocompatibility, excellent physical strength and good processability, and a method for producing the yarn by melt spinning. However, since the water absorption rate is 200% or more and the polymer itself constituting the fiber has high water absorption energy, the fiber is swollen at the fiber surface during washing and sweat absorption to generate a warm feeling, and therefore, there is a problem in use as clothing.

Japanese patent application laid-open No. 2001-98423 discloses a technique for improving the moisture absorption of polyurethane elastic fibers by using a water-soluble polyalkylene ether polyol which is a hydrophilic polyol as a polyol component of a matrix polymer. It is also disclosed that the problem of JP-A11-81046 can be solved by this, and that the effect of swelling can be reduced to such an extent that the feeling is not affected even when the composition is used for clothing, but the following problems are also present.

In the technique of improving the moisture permeability of polyurethane elastic fibers, in the method of mixing a super absorbent polymer, there are, for example, polyacrylic polymers, polyvinyl polymers, polyamide polymers, super absorbent polyurethane polymers, etc. as the super absorbent polymer, however, since these super absorbent polymers are locally present, there are problems that the physical properties are lowered and the spinning stability is impaired. Further, since the super absorbent polymer is not generally crosslinked, swelling occurs by water absorption, and the polyurethane elastic fiber is swollen similarly to the case of introducing the hydrophilic polyol, so that there is a case where a problem in post-processing such as yarn breakage and quality failure is caused as scum adheres to yarn guide in a covering or knitting process.

On the other hand, in recent years, there has been an increasing demand for heat resistance of polyurethane elastic fibers, and in particular, there has been a demand for providing polyurethane elastic fibers that can be entangled with polyester fibers that require high-temperature and high-pressure dyeing. In response to such a demand, as disclosed in Japanese patent application laid-open Nos. 5-186557 and 7-102035, a technique of forming a polyurethane polymer from a polyurethane solution and then subjecting the polyurethane polymer to heat treatment to increase the molecular weight of the polyurethane polymer is known as a technique of improving the heat resistance of a polyurethane elastic fiber. However, although the polyurethane elastic fibers obtained by these techniques have improved heat resistance against heat treatment in the post-processing, it is difficult to control the properties and amount of the raw fabric according to the purpose, and the yield is poor, and there is a problem in the post-processing passability.

Further, if the above hydrophilicity is introduced into the polyol component, the heat resistance against the heat treatment in the post-processing is lowered, and there is a problem that it is difficult to interlace with the polyester fiber which needs to be dyed at high temperature and high pressure.

The following describes the prior art of braiding. Since a knitted fabric comprising a non-stretchable fiber such as a polyester fiber, a polyamide fiber, or a cellulose fiber and a polyurethane elastic material is excellent in elongation, it is used for various applications such as soles of pantyhose and socks, underwear (foundation) such as bras, bands, and tights, sports wear such as underwear, swimwear, and body wear, other elastic cotton outerwear such as outer wear such as ski pants and elastic denim, elastic tights, elastic band base fabric, medical use of sports body bands, and elastic protective cover base fabric.

Particularly, in the case of underwear for women, a composite fabric of an elastic yarn such as urethane and nylon is becoming mainstream because of its appropriate stretchability and thinness. However, the stuffiness is a problem due to the poor moisture permeability peculiar to the synthetic fiber, and as a means for solving the stuffiness, hygroscopic nylons are disclosed in, for example, Japanese patent application laid-open No. 9-228155 and Japanese patent application laid-open No. 9-256278, which utilize improvement in the moisture absorption characteristics of nylon fibers, in addition to the above hygroscopic polyurethanes.

As the comfort required for the undershirt, moisture control effect and heat retention performance are used to evaluate, and as a substance effective for self-heating at the initial wearing time and for suppressing warming effect and cooling feeling after sweating, for example, Japanese patent application laid-open Nos. 9-158040 and 2000-303353 disclose acrylic moisture-absorbing and heat-releasing fibers. However, the fibers obtained are mainly short fibers, and because of their slightly inferior mechanical properties, it is difficult to obtain spun yarns and thin knitted fabrics, and they can be made into elastic yarns by combining them with urethane elastic yarns, but the aesthetic appearance is sometimes unsatisfactory.

Further, for example, japanese patent application laid-open No. 2002-38375 proposes a method of fixing acrylic moisture-absorbing heat-releasing resin particles to the surface of nylon or polyester cloth by a resin adhesion method or a graft polymerization method in post-processing, but the moisture-absorbing particles are also present in the surface layer yarn, and there are also problems of stickiness upon moisture absorption, lack of washing durability, and hardening of hand in some cases.

The following description is directed to the prior art of stockings. Since the advent of nylon yarn, stockings have become popular as a garment for improving the beauty of women's foot line, with the advent of pantyhose, the amount of stockings has increased. As the preference has advanced, consumers have also come to demand different grades of goods, i.e. more transparent and more stretchable items. As an example of 1, there is a support-type stocking which is required to have a stronger fastening feeling, and a stocking using a core yarn of spandex (spandex) fiber and nylon yarn has also appeared and is now the mainstream. Although synthetic filaments are considered to be important in view of their high strength and thin thickness, and can provide stockings having excellent wear resistance, they have a drawback that they are thin and have insufficient heat retaining properties in cold weather. Further, the stuffiness feeling upon sweating is also expected to be improved due to low hygroscopicity. In addition, the stuffy feeling may cause an offensive odor in the shoe, thereby becoming a nuisance to women.

Many synthetic fibers are also excellent in moisture absorption, but most of them are not suitable for stockings that are thin and require durability because of their low strength, and nylon filaments can be used because the filaments that can be used for stockings are mainly nylon or polyester, and particularly synthetic fibers are high in nylon standard moisture content and high in strength. However, the problems are also more serious during severe cold and severe heat. Heavy tights are also used for severe cold, but are often dissatisfied with young women who are weight-bearing. On the other hand, in hot summer, the wearer may not wear the wearer with bare feet, but often wears the wearer even if the wearer is not full of the wearer's feet because the wearer pays attention to the appearance and the feeling of tightness.

In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for stockings called supporting stockings having a strong fastening feeling, and composite yarns of elastic yarns such as urethane and nylon have become the mainstream. As a means for solving the stuffiness, there have been proposed stockings which are improved in moisture absorption and discharge properties and are comfortable by using a hygroscopic nylon yarn improved in moisture absorption properties of the nylon fiber and the hygroscopic polyurethane, but they have not been improved in moisture absorption and heat release properties and antibacterial and deodorant effects.

The hygroscopic exothermic effect is known in the prior art of cotton and wool fibers, but is also not suitable for thin and aesthetic women's stockings, as with the tights described above.

In view of these circumstances, for example, japanese patent application laid-open No. 2001-131802 proposes a method of fixing moisture-absorbing and heat-releasing resin particles to stockings made of a composite yarn of nylon and polyurethane elastic yarn using an adhesive resin in post-processing, but since the moisture-absorbing particles are also present in the surface layer nylon yarn, there is a problem of stickiness upon moisture absorption and insufficient washing durability, and there is a case where the hand is hardened.

The prior art of long fiber fabrics is described mainly below.

In all sports, a warm-up is usually performed in order to warm muscles and joints before starting exercise to prevent injuries and improve exercise performance. Especially, the warm body is more important in outdoor games in severe cold.

In this case, the sportsman wears the warm-up suit, but the warm-up takes a long time because the warm-up effect is not obtained although the conventional clothes have the warm-up effect. In order to avoid this, and to wear thick clothes that hinder mobility by effectively warming up in a short time, a part of the physical strength is consumed. It is of course possible to use a heat source such as a bosom stove in clothing, but such warming is only possible locally, its effect is limited, and movement is hindered.

In addition, in golf and skiing for outdoor long-time sports in winter, clothes having warming effect are desired. In addition to sportswear, warming effect is also desired for general clothes and underwear for winter use.

Examples of the fibers having moisture absorption and temperature control effects include crosslinked acrylic fibers described in Japanese patent application laid-open No. 9-59872. However, the crosslinked acrylic fiber does not have suitable stretchability for sportswear and the like, and ease of use is not particularly considered.

In addition, in work clothes worn mainly as short fiber fabrics in all occupational situations, an effect of protecting the body is sought in addition to the heat-insulating effect and the decorative effect which are usually sought in clothes. For example, work clothes for outdoor work are required to protect skin by preventing external injury and shielding ultraviolet rays. In addition, in medical uniforms and some experimental uniforms, there is a demand for an effect of preventing body contamination due to bacteria and the like.

On the other hand, work clothes are also required to maintain the temperature and humidity inside the clothes appropriately and to be easy to handle, and particularly, clothes for outdoor winter work are required to have a heat-retaining effect and an effect of releasing sweat to the outside of the clothes.

In the case where it is necessary to have a function of absorbing moisture or water, cotton cloth is mainly used, but since cotton fiber does not have quick-drying property, it feels sticky or cold at work and rest. In this regard, although the thermal insulation effect of the woolen cloth and the effect of allowing moisture in the clothes to permeate to the outside are excellent, the mechanical durability as the work clothes is poor.

The crosslinked acrylic fiber is known as a fiber having moisture absorption and temperature control effects. However, crosslinked acrylic fibers do not have stretchability suitable for work clothes and the like, and ease of use is not particularly considered.

Disclosure of Invention

The subject of the present invention is divided into the following 1 to 4 subjects.

The present invention has as its 1 st object to provide an elastic fiber suitable for stretch cloth having high heat retaining property and also having comfort and aesthetic appearance, and to provide an elastic fiber suitable for elastic clothing having good post-processing passability, excellent heat resistance and capable of quickly removing water vapor generated by perspiration during exercise and nonstuffiness from the skin.

The invention 2 has an object to provide a knitted fabric having high moisture absorption and heat release properties, excellent heat retaining properties due to the heat release, and excellent stretchability, and particularly to provide a knitted fabric having excellent warming effect due to moisture absorption and excellent warming effect during physical exercise. Also provided is a knitted fabric which is comfortable to wear, fashionable, hygienic, durable, and mild to the skin for underwear use, and also provided is underwear using the knitted fabric.

The invention of the 3 rd topic is to provide the stockings which are provided with the moisture absorption, have the heating effect when absorbing the moisture and can keep the comfortable state without being sultry, and further provide the stockings which have the antibacterial and deodorant effect and have the excellent washing durability.

The 4 th object of the present invention is to provide clothes which have a warming effect and are easy to move, and a knitted fabric suitable for the clothes.

The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above problems, and as a result, the present invention has been completed. Namely, the present invention is constituted by the following components.

1. An elastic fiber characterized in that the maximum temperature rise upon moisture absorption and/or water absorption is 2 ℃ or higher.

2. The elastic fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the moisture absorption rate at 20 ℃ X65% RH is 0.5% or more, and the moisture absorption rate at 20 ℃ X95% RH is 1.5% or more.

3. The elastic fiber according to claim 1, wherein the elastic fiber satisfies the following formulas (1) and (2).

PSD(％)≥60％............................................(1)

The.

4. The elastic fiber according to the above 1, characterized by containing organic and/or inorganic fine particles having high moisture absorption and desorption properties.

5. The elastic fiber according to the above 1, characterized in that it comprises organic and/or inorganic fine particles having a high moisture absorption and discharge property, and the fine particles have an average particle diameter of 20 μm or less, a degree of swelling of 200% or less and a moisture regain of 30% or more at 20 ℃ C. × 65% RH, and the fine particles are contained in an amount of 0.2 to 50% by weight based on the weight of the fiber.

6. The elastic fiber according to the above 1, which comprises organic and/or inorganic fine particles having high moisture absorption and desorption properties, wherein at least 1 kind of the fine particles is fine particles of a high moisture absorption and desorption property comprising a nitrile polymer containing 50% by weight or more of acrylonitrile, a crosslinked structure introduced by treatment with hydrazine, divinylbenzene or triallyl isocyanurate, and residual nitrile groups chemically converted into salt-type carboxyl groups by hydrolysis, and 1.0mmol/g or more of the salt-type carboxyl groups.

7. A woven or knitted fabric comprising at least a part of the elastic fiber according to the above 1.

8. A highly stretchable knitted fabric comprising an elastic fiber and a non-elastic fiber, characterized in that the constant load elongation is 50% or more and the constant load elongation recovery is 50% or more, and the surface temperature rise of the knitted fabric upon moisture absorption is 3 ℃ or more.

9. The highly stretchable knitted fabric according to the above 8, wherein the elastic fiber is the elastic fiber according to the above 1.

10. The highly stretchable knitted fabric according to the above 8, wherein the elastic fiber is the elastic fiber according to the above 4.

11. A method for producing a highly stretchable knitted fabric, characterized in that the elastic fiber described in the above 1 is combined with a synthetic filament while being drawn, and then the combined filament is interlaced with a circular knitting machine alone or together with other filaments.

12. A method for producing a highly stretchable knitted fabric, characterized in that a bare yarn of the elastic fiber described in the above 1 is used for a back guide bar, a synthetic filament is used for a foremost guide bar, and knitting is performed by a warp knitting machine.

13. A stretchable knitted fabric comprising at least a part of a stretchable knitted fabric comprising inelastic fibers and elastic yarns, characterized in that the knitted fabric exhibits a warming effect at a temperature rise rate of 5 ℃/min or more when it absorbs moisture and exhibits a heat absorbing action when it is drained, and the difference between the moisture absorption and heat release temperatures before and after 10 washes is less than 1 ℃.

14. The stretch knitted fabric according to the above 13, wherein the elastic yarn is composed of the elastic fiber according to the above 1.

15. The stretch knitted fabric according to the above 13, wherein the elastic yarn is composed of the elastic fiber according to the above 4.

16. The stretch knitted fabric according to claim 13, wherein the non-elastic fibers are 1 or more fibers selected from the group consisting of polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, and cellulose fibers.

17. The stretch knitted fabric according to the above item 13, characterized by having antibacterial and deodorant properties. 18. The stretch knitted fabric according to the above 13, wherein the elastic yarn is a bare polyurethane yarn or a composite elastic yarn thereof.

19. An undergarment characterized by using at least a part of the stretchable knitted fabric described in claim 13.

20. A stocking comprising at least an elastic yarn and a synthetic fiber yarn, characterized in that the stocking exhibits a warming effect of 7 ℃/min or more when absorbing moisture and exhibits an endothermic effect when removing moisture, and the difference between the temperatures of moisture absorption and heat release before and after washing 10 times is less than 1 ℃.

21. The stocking according to claim 20, wherein the elastic yarn is formed of the elastic fiber according to claim 1.

22. The stocking according to claim 20, wherein the elastic yarn is made of the elastic fiber according to claim 4.

23. The stocking according to the above item 20, wherein the stocking has antibacterial and deodorant properties.

24. The stocking according to the above 20, wherein the deodorization ratio of ammonia is 70% or more.

25. The stocking according to the above 20, wherein the deodorizing rate of acetic acid is 70% or more.

26. The stocking according to the above item 20, wherein the deodorizing rate of isovaleric acid is 70% or more.

27. The stockings according to the above item 20, wherein the deodorizing rate before and after washing is 70% or more with respect to 1 or more selected from the group consisting of ammonia, acetic acid and isovaleric acid.

28. The stocking according to claim 20, wherein the triboelectric static voltage is 2500V or less.

29. The stocking according to item 20 above, wherein the half-life measured in the half-life measurement of the antistatic property according to JIS-L-1094 is 50 seconds or less.

30. The stocking according to the above 20, wherein the front and back surfaces of the knitted fabric constituting the stocking are mainly covered with synthetic fibers, the synthetic fibers have substantially no high moisture absorption and discharge fine particles on the surface thereof, the elastic yarn constituting the stocking contains 0.2 to 50 wt% of the high moisture absorption and discharge fine particles, and the elastic yarn is combined to 20 wt% or more of the knitted fabric.

31. A fabric comprising a composite yarn of inelastic fibers and elastic fibers, having a constant load elongation of 15% or more and a constant load elongation recovery of 35% or more, and having a fabric surface temperature rise of 1 ℃ or more upon moisture absorption.

32. The woven fabric according to claim 31, wherein the elastic fiber is the elastic fiber according to claim 1.

33. The woven fabric according to claim 31, wherein the elastic fiber is the elastic fiber according to claim 4.

34. The fabric according to item 31 above, wherein the non-elastic fibers of the composite yarn and/or the fibers other than the composite yarn constituting the fabric are yarns composed of polyester filaments and/or polyamide filaments.

35. The woven fabric according to the above item 31, wherein the non-elastic fibers of the composite yarn and/or the fibers other than the composite yarn constituting the woven fabric are bulked yarns.

36. The woven fabric according to the above 31, wherein the non-elastic fibers of the composite yarn and/or the fibers other than the composite yarn constituting the woven fabric are latent yarn length difference mixed filaments.

37. A garment at least partially comprising the fabric according to claim 31.

38. The garment according to 37, characterized in that it is any one of sportswear, underwear, general clothing, cold-proof lining, and cold-proof lining (liner).

39. A fabric comprising a composite yarn of inelastic fibers and elastic fibers, having a constant load elongation of 15% or more and a constant load elongation recovery of 35% or more, having a fabric surface temperature rise of 0.5 ℃ or more upon moisture absorption, and having a fabric surface area of 10 threads/cm²The density of the above contains hairiness having a length of 1mm or more.

40. The woven fabric according to the above 39, wherein the elastic fiber is the elastic fiber according to the above 1.

41. The woven fabric according to the above 39, wherein the elastic fiber is the elastic fiber according to the above 4.

42. The woven fabric according to the above 39, wherein the non-elastic fibers constituting the composite yarn and/or the fibers other than the composite yarn constituting the woven fabric are yarns containing staple fibers.

43. The fabric according to the above 39, wherein the non-elastic fibers constituting the composite yarn and/or the fibers other than the composite yarn constituting the fabric are yarns containing staple fibers, and the yarns containing the staple fibers are cotton yarns or cotton blended yarns.

44. A garment at least partially comprising the fabric according to claim 39.

45. The garment according to 44 above, characterized in that it is any one of a work clothes, an office uniform, a sanitary wear, a work clothes style garment, and a general midwear (worn between an underwear and an outer garment).

The present invention will be described in detail below.

First, the invention of the elastic fiber will be explained. The elastic fiber of the present invention preferably has a maximum temperature rise of 2 ℃ or more upon absorption of moisture and/or water. More preferably at 3 ℃ or higher. This is because the elastic fiber having the above characteristics is thin and can impart high heat insulating properties to the cloth. However, if the maximum temperature rise during moisture absorption and/or water absorption is too high, the yarn breakage during yarn production increases, and in addition, when the elastic fiber is used in an actual knitted fabric, an unnecessary excessive temperature rise is caused, so that it is not preferable, and the maximum temperature rise of the elastic fiber may be normally 10 ℃ or less.

The elastic fiber of the present invention preferably has the above-described exothermic property, and has a moisture absorption rate of 0.5% or more at 20 ℃x65% RH and a moisture absorption rate of 1.5% or more at 20 ℃x95% RH. More preferably, the moisture absorption rate at 20 ℃ X65% RH is 1.0 to 5.0%, and the moisture absorption rate at 20 ℃ X95% RH is 2.0 to 15.0%. The elastic fiber having the above characteristics can effectively absorb sweat as well as make thin a cloth having a certain heat retaining property, and therefore, even if the body is warm and the sweat is produced, the elastic fiber does not feel uncomfortable, and provides a high comfort level which is warm and not stuffy. In addition, the cold feeling of the sweat when the sweat is cooled after sweating can be eliminated.

The difference in moisture absorption rate between the elastic fiber of the present invention at 20 ℃x65% RH and 20 ℃x95% RH is preferably 1.0% or more, and more preferably 2.0% or more. The value indicates the ability to absorb sweat, and a larger value indicates a higher sweat absorbing ability.

Next, the heat resistance of the polyurethane elastic fiber of the present invention will be described. First, the dry heat setting property of the polyurethane elastic fiber of the present invention is preferably 60% or more of PSD (dry heat setting rate after 100% elongation and 1 minute treatment under 190 ℃ dry heat condition) measured by a measurement method described later. When the value is less than 60%, the dimensional stability of the raw fabric is deteriorated in the preliminary forming step, which is not preferable.

Further, in the moisture heat setting property of the polyurethane elastic fiber of the present invention, it is preferable that the PSW (moisture heat setting rate after heating from 40 ℃ to 130 ℃ for 60 minutes under the conditions of 100% elongation and moisture heat and then continuously heat-treating at the moisture heat 130 ℃ for 60 minutes) measured by the measurement method described later is 75% or less. The numerical value indicates heat resistance in the dyeing step, and the larger the numerical value, the more excellent the heat resistance. That is, if the PSW is more than 75%, it becomes difficult to interlace with polyester fibers which require high-temperature high-pressure dyeing, and the elastic recovery property is lowered, which is not preferable.

In the cloth for clothing, the elastic fiber is usually present inside the cloth without being exposed on the surface of the cloth, and therefore, if the elastic fiber radiates heat, the heat is radiated from the inside of the cloth, and the same effect as when the heat radiator is covered with the heat insulating material is obtained, whereby the heat can be efficiently preserved and the heat storage property can be obtained, and further, high comfort can be obtained. When the inelastic fiber exposed on the surface of the cloth is given heat radiation properties, the portion exposed on the side opposite to the human body is rapidly cooled, which is not preferable, and when the portion on the human body side radiates heat, the comfort may be lowered.

Further, in the method of padding (padding) with an adhesive, a reagent which generates heat when absorbing moisture is adsorbed on the surface of the cloth or contained in the fiber exposed on the surface, and therefore, the hand is easily damaged, and the washing durability in padding or the like is easily insufficient, which is not preferable.

In a general use method, the elastic fiber is rarely exposed to the surface of the cloth, and therefore, the hand feeling is not impaired. It can be said that it is preferable to contain an agent which absorbs moisture and releases heat in the elastic fiber.

First, as a method for imparting moisture absorption, it is effective to add and mix fine particles having high moisture absorption and removal properties to a base polymer of an elastic fiber and then spin the resulting mixture. Representative examples of the elastic fiber include polyurethane elastic fibers. The spinning may be performed by any one of dry spinning, wet spinning and melt spinning. As the fine particles having high moisture absorption and desorption properties, organic and/or inorganic substances can be used, and examples thereof include polyacrylic acid polymer fine particles, polyethylene polymer fine particles, polyamide polymer fine particles, polyurethane polymer fine particles, porous silica fine particles, hydrophilic silica fine particles, etc., and the particle diameter is 20 μm or less, preferably 10 μm or less, more preferably 5 μm or less, and most preferably 2 μm or less, in order to prevent deterioration of physical properties and to improve spinning workability and processability. This is because, in order to achieve the above object, it is necessary to disperse the fine particles having high moisture absorption and discharge properties in the fibers during spinning. If the particle size is larger than 20 μm, the particles segregate after the addition and mixing and bleed out to the fiber surface, which causes spinning yarn breakage or yarn breakage due to scum adsorption during the post-processing. However, if the average particle diameter is too small, the particles tend to aggregate with each other, and the dispersibility in the polyurethane elastic fiber is rather poor, so that it is preferably 0.1 μm or more. The shape of the fine particles is not particularly limited, and may be any of a spherical shape, a slightly flattened spherical shape, an amorphous shape, and the like.

The content of the fine particles having high moisture absorption and release properties with respect to the polyurethane elastic fiber is preferably 0.2% by weight or more, more preferably 0.5% by weight or more. If the amount is less than 0.2% by weight, hygroscopicity is poor, which is not preferable. However, if the content is too large, the drawability at the spinning stage is lowered and the yarn breakage is increased, and therefore, the content is preferably 50% by weight or less, more preferably 48% by weight or less.

The degree of swelling of the fine particles having high moisture absorption and release properties used in the present invention is preferably 200% or less, more preferably 100% or less. If the degree of swelling exceeds 200%, the polyurethane elastic fiber itself swells due to moisture, and therefore, the polyurethane elastic fiber causes yarn breakage or quality failure due to adsorption of scum during core-covering or weaving. The smaller the degree of swelling of the fine particles having high moisture absorption and desorption properties, the better. In the polyurethane elastic fiber of the present invention, swelling due to moisture absorption occurs only slightly in the fine particles having high moisture absorption and removal properties, and the polyurethane polymer forming the fiber hardly swells due to moisture absorption, so that there is little problem in post-processing such as yarn breakage or quality failure due to scum absorption on yarn guiding.

The high moisture absorbing and discharging microparticles used in the present invention are preferably non-biopolymer high moisture absorbing and discharging organic microparticles in view of their moisture regain at 20 ℃ and 65% RH, and particularly preferably have a chemical composition of 30% or more, more preferably 35% or more, and most preferably 40% or more, as described later. Among the hygroscopic fine particles, wool powder and gelatin powder are currently considered to be the most hygroscopic, but the moisture regain thereof at 20 ℃x65% RH is at most 15%. The polysaccharide particles and protein particles such as starch, cellulose, silk, and collagen are 8 to 12% smaller than the wool powder and the gelatin powder. Other powders include urea resins and melamine resins, but the powder is not preferred because the moisture regain at 20 ℃ C.. times.65% RH is far less than 30%.

In order to prevent the deterioration of the physical properties of the elastic fiber and to improve the spinning workability and the processing passability, the particle diameter of the fine particles having high moisture absorption and removal properties is 20 μm or less, preferably 10 μm or less, more preferably 5 μm or less, most preferably 2 μm or less, and the content thereof is preferably 0.2 to 50% by weight with respect to the fiber. This is because if the content is less than this range, a sufficient effect cannot be obtained, and if it is more than this range, disadvantages such as the occurrence of induced yarn breakage at the time of producing an elastic fiber occur.

In the case where the elastic fiber of the present invention contains the high moisture absorption and desorption organic fine particles composed of the non-biological polymer, the hydrophilic group contained in the high moisture absorption and desorption organic fine particles may be a salt-type carboxyl group, a salt-type sulfonic group, a salt-type phosphoric group, a salt-type phosphonic group, or the like, and the salt may be an alkali metal such as Li, Na, or K, an alkaline earth metal such as Mg, Ca, or Ba, another metal such as Cu, Ag, or Mn, or a salt of an organic cation such as ammonium or amine, but may contain an acid-type group other than the salt type. The fine particles having high moisture absorption and desorption properties are fine particles obtained by introducing a crosslinked structure into a polyacrylonitrile-based polymer containing 50 wt% or more of acrylonitrile by treatment with hydrazine, divinylbenzene or triallyl isocyanurate, and then chemically converting the remaining nitrile groups into salt-type carboxyl groups by hydrolysis, and particularly fine particles containing 1.0mmol/g or more of salt-type carboxyl groups are preferable. More specifically, the acrylic metal-converted particles include (a) acrylic metal-converted particles containing 1.0mmol/g or more of salt-type carboxyl groups, which are obtained by introducing a crosslinked structure into an acrylonitrile-based polymer containing 85 wt% or more of acrylonitrile by hydrazine treatment so that the nitrogen content is increased to 1.0 to 15.0, and then chemically converting the remaining nitrile groups into salt-type carboxyl groups by hydrolysis, and (b) acrylic metal-converted particles containing 2.0mmol/g or more of salt-type carboxyl groups, which are obtained by chemically converting the remaining nitrile groups into salt-type carboxyl groups by hydrolysis, into an acrylonitrile-based polymer containing 50 wt% or more of acrylonitrile by introducing a crosslinked structure through divinylbenzene or triallyl isocyanurate. The amount of the salt-type carboxyl group is more preferably 4.0 to 10.0 mmol/g. The organic fine particles having high moisture absorption and desorption properties can be produced, for example, by the method described in Japanese patent application laid-open No. 8-225610. The elastic fiber of the present invention is preferably designed such that the product of the concentration of salt carboxyl groups (mmol/g) and the concentration of fine particles (wt%) in the fiber is usually about 40 to 80, particularly about 45 to 75, because the heat release action by moisture absorption is mainly attributed to the salt carboxyl groups. When the content of the fine particles in the elastic fiber is within the above range, the body can feel sufficiently warm and the difficulty in spinning due to yarn breakage or the like is not caused, so that it is preferable.

The metal-converted particles are crosslinked acrylic polymer microparticles, and in the acrylonitrile polymer which is the original microparticles thereof, sulfonic acid-containing monomers and salts thereof such as vinyl halide, ethylene halide, acrylic acid ester, methacrylic acid ester, p-styrenesulfonic acid, carboxylic acid-containing monomers and salts thereof such as acrylic acid, acrylamide, styrene, vinyl acetate, and the like can be cited as monomers used together with acrylonitrile.

The elastic fiber containing the organic fine particles having high moisture absorption and discharge properties has both excellent heat-releasing properties and moisture absorption properties. When the organic fine particles having high moisture absorption and drainage properties are added to the polyurethane elastic fiber, heat generation and moisture absorption are remarkable as compared with the case of adding the organic fine particles to the non-elastic fiber of ester or nylon, and the physical properties such as the strength and elongation of the polyurethane elastic fiber are extremely slightly reduced. The reason for this is not clear, but it is presumed that the bleeding is likely to occur on the fiber surface. Further, the organic fine particles having high moisture absorption and discharge properties also exhibit excellent antibacterial properties and deodorizing properties, and particularly provide additional value to the elastic fiber of the present invention used in stockings, underwear and the like.

The elastic fiber in the present invention is a fiber which is considered to exhibit rubber elasticity in a general sense of society, and for example, a fiber which can be elongated by at least 50% or more, more preferably 100% or more and has a recovery rate of 20% or more, and the like are listed. The recovery ratio here means the ratio of the length of recovery contraction to the whole extension. Representative examples are polyurethane elastic fibers having excellent stretchability.

The polyurethane polymer that can be used in the elastic fiber of the present invention may be a polymer obtained by dissolving an intermediate polymer having isocyanate groups at both ends, which is composed of a polyol and an excessive molar amount of a diisocyanate compound, in an inert organic solvent such as N, N' -dimethylacetamide or dimethylsulfoxide and reacting the intermediate polymer with a diamine compound.

The above-mentioned polyol is not particularly limited, and for example, polymer diol and the like can be cited. Specifically, the polyester diol may be selected from polyether diols such as polyoxyethylene diol, polyoxypropylene diol, polyoxytetramethylene diol, polyoxypentamethylene diol and polyoxypropylene tetramethylene diol, polyester diols obtained from 1 or 2 or more of dibasic acids such as adipic acid, sebacic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, azelaic acid and malonic acid and 1 or 2 or more of diols such as ethylene glycol, 1, 2-propanediol, 1, 3-propanediol, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-propanediol, 1, 4-butanediol, 2, 3-butanediol, hexamethylene diol and diethylene glycol, polylactone diols such as polyepsilon caprolactone and polypentalactone, polyesteramide diols, polyetherester diols and polycarbonate diols.

The diisocyanate compound is not particularly limited as long as it is an aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic diisocyanate compound. There may be mentioned, for example, methylene-bis (4-phenylisocyanate), methylene-bis (3-methyl-4-phenylisocyanate), 1, 4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2, 6-tolylene diisocyanate, m-and p-phenylene diisocyanates, m-and p-xylylene diisocyanate, methylene-bis (4-cyclohexyl isocyanate), 1, 3-and 1, 4-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, trimethylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, etc.

The diamine compound as the chain extender is not particularly limited, and there may be mentioned, for example, ethylenediamine, 1, 2-propylenediamine, 1, 3-propylenediamine, 1, 6-hexamethylenediamine, 1, 2-cyclohexanediamine, 1, 3-cyclohexanediamine, 1, 4-cyclohexanediamine, hydrazine and the like.

The elastic fiber of the present invention can also be used in core spun yarns and false twisted yarns. This is because the composite elastic yarn is covered with the elastic fiber, and therefore, a long and high heat insulating effect and comfort can be provided.

Furthermore, the elastic fibers of the present invention may also be used in pantyhose. This is because the effect of the present invention can be particularly exhibited because the use emphasizes the aesthetic feeling when worn and requires a thin cloth.

The interlaced material of the elastic fiber in the present invention may be any of thermoplastic synthetic fiber, natural fiber, regenerated fiber, but it is desirable to use any of polyester fiber, polyamide fiber when thermoplastic synthetic fiber, cotton or wool when natural fiber, and polynosic (polynosic) viscose fiber when regenerated fiber.

The elastic fiber of the present invention is not particularly limited when the corresponding material is interlaced with the corresponding material, but for example, when the elastic fiber is covered with the corresponding material in the case of interlacing, polyester fiber or the like is generally covered with the elastic fiber and used as warp and/or weft. In addition, when the yarn is interwoven with the corresponding raw material, the yarn may be directly doubled with the corresponding raw material and woven, or the yarn may be woven with a core-spun yarn.

The dyeing process of the resulting stretch knitted fabric can be carried out by a general process of loosening and scouring a raw fabric, then presetting, dyeing, drying, treating the fabric with a touch, and then finishing.

Next, an invention relating to the knitted fabric of the present invention will be explained.

The knitted fabric of the present invention is a highly elastic knitted fabric comprising the above elastic yarn and non-elastic yarn, and the non-elastic yarn in the present invention means a yarn having a breaking elongation of less than 100% of natural fibers such as wool, cotton, and silk, and synthetic filaments such as nylon and polyester. The non-elastic yarn contains substantially no moisture-absorbing heat-releasing organic fine particles, and the front and back surfaces of the knitted fabric are preferably covered with the non-elastic fiber. The term "substantially free of hygroscopic organic fine particles" as used herein means that particles are not contained in an amount which affects the moisture absorption rate of the knitted fabric or more, and may be contained in a small amount.

The blend ratio of the elastic yarn in the knitted fabric of the present invention is preferably 20% by mass or more of the knitted fabric to obtain the effect of absorbing moisture and heating, and is preferably less than 50% by mass to maintain the superiority of the interlining fabric when worn. Compared with cotton fibers and wool fibers, the elastic yarn has the characteristics of low moisture absorption and discharge speed and high moisture absorption level, so that the elastic yarn has the characteristics of mild heat generation and heat release and long-term persistence, particularly has low fiber temperature reduction speed after the sweat stops, and has the effect of inhibiting the cold feeling after the exercise stops. Besides the effects of moisture absorption and heat release, the salt carboxyl also has various effects such as deodorization, bacteriostasis and antibiosis, pH buffering, antistatic and the like, and is a product with ideal performance as a warm-up garment. In addition, even if the dry-in-shade is used, the swimming suit does not cause bacterial reproduction, and therefore, the swimming suit is also suitable for use as a swimsuit.

The knitted fabric of the present invention has a surface temperature rise of 3 ℃ or more when the knitted fabric absorbs moisture. The heat release upon moisture absorption was performed by drying the knitted fabric at 70 ℃ for 2 hours, then adjusting the temperature in a dryer with silica gel for 8 hours or more, then measuring the surface temperature on the knitted fabric surface for 5 minutes continuously by the thermography method in an atmosphere adjusted to 32 ℃ and 70% RH, measuring the maximum temperature, and determining the difference from the 32 ℃ as the temperature rise. If the temperature is less than 3 ℃, the somatosensory effect is poor, and the higher the rising temperature is, the better the feeling is, the temperature can reach about 10 ℃.

The stretch property of the knitted fabric is an important factor, and in order to improve heat retaining property and to produce a garment which is as close to the body as possible without impairing the mobility, the knitted fabric is required to have a constant load elongation of 50% or more, and preferably to have an elongation of 60 to 100% at a constant load. In addition, in order to maintain the close contact with the body, to have excellent recovery properties, and not to impair the appearance, it is desirable to have elongation recovery properties with a constant load elongation recovery rate of 50% or more. More preferably 60 to 95%.

When the elastic yarn and the inelastic fiber are used in combination, a method of forming a composite yarn and then forming a knitted fabric, and a method of interlacing the elastic yarn and the inelastic yarn may be used. However, in the case of the interweaving, it is preferable that the elastic yarn is not directly exposed on the front and back sides of the knitted fabric. This is because the surface of the moisture-absorbing fibers becomes sticky after moisture absorption, and the skin can be prevented from feeling sticky with the non-elastic fibers which do not absorb a large amount of moisture substantially.

Examples of the method for producing the composite yarn include a method for producing a composite spun yarn or a core spun yarn. As a specific example of a method for producing a composite spun yarn, a method of producing a sheath-core composite yarn by supplying the yarn at an appropriate draft ratio in a roving draft zone in a spinning step of inelastic fibers is given. Specific examples of the method of forming the core yarn include a method of supplying an elastic yarn at an appropriate draft ratio and winding an inelastic yarn thereon. In the former case, wool, cotton, hemp, and polyester staple fibers, nylon staple fibers can be used as the inelastic fibers. In the latter case, staple yarns of silk, polyester filaments, nylon filaments, cotton and wool may be used. In addition, polyester filament and nylon filament can also be used as composite false twist yarn.

These composite yarns can be used alone or in combination with other yarns to form a circular knitted fabric having an advantage of increasing the elongation. The structure is not particularly limited as long as the elongation satisfies the necessary conditions.

In the case of producing a warp knitted fabric, even if an elastic yarn is used in any of the guide bars after the guide bar of the inelastic filament forming the loop is supplied, the elastic yarn is wrapped with the inelastic filament, and therefore, a bare yarn can be used as the elastic yarn. In this case, a spun yarn may be used as the non-elastic yarn, but a filament is preferably used in order to suppress a decrease in workability due to burrs and fly.

The knitted fabric of the present invention can be suitably used for underwear. The knitted fabric which can be suitably used for underwear is characterized by having moisture absorption capability and having effects of heat release and warming at the time of absorbing moisture. This is also true in the invention relating to stockings described later. First, the change in the wet temperature when the knitted fabric of the present invention is worn will be described. The wet temperature in the present invention refers to the wet temperature of air contained in the texture of the underwear knitted fabric, and this change determines the comfort. When the body temperature rises due to a stimulus such as exercise while wearing, sweat is released from the skin surface to cool the body temperature, and the temperature and humidity of the gas phase contained in the knitted fabric also rise, so that the knitted fabric feels uncomfortable. In this case, if the knitted fabric has moisture absorption, the vapor phase humidity can be suppressed to be low, and the degree of discomfort can be suppressed. The moisture absorbed is drained from the surface of the fiber to the external environment. When heat is released and heated during moisture absorption, the water content in the gas phase is the same, and only the temperature rises, so that the relative humidity is lowered, the skin perspiration is promoted, and as a result, the body temperature rise can be suppressed. This phenomenon continues for several minutes until the absorbent equilibrium state of the undergarment is reached. After a while, the moisture absorption and moisture discharge amount reach a balance, and the warming effect stops. At this point the temperature of the undergarment drops and reaches equilibrium temperature. If the exercise is stopped, the sweating is stopped, and only the moisture is discharged, the original state is recovered after a while.

The elastic yarn used in the knitted fabric of the present invention has a low moisture absorption and discharge speed and a high moisture absorption level as compared with cotton fibers and wool fibers, and therefore, heat generation and heat release are mild and sustained for a long time, and particularly, the speed of lowering the temperature of the fibers after stopping sweating is low, and the elastic yarn has an effect of suppressing the cold feeling occurring after stopping exercise.

The inventors have studied the effect of heating when moisture is absorbed, which can be felt in a wearing test, by changing the concentration of the fine moisture-absorbing particles in the elastic yarn, and have confirmed that a heating capability at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min or more is necessary. Preferably 7 deg.C/min or more. This value is also influenced by the external environment, and generally the lower the external temperature, the higher the temperature raising capability required.

In the present invention, as a knitted fabric applicable to underwear, a stretchable knitted fabric composed of an elastic yarn represented by the above-mentioned polyurethane elastic fiber and a non-elastic fiber such as a polyester fiber, a polyamide fiber, and a cellulose fiber is used, but in order to produce a thin and aesthetic knitted fabric using a fine raw yarn, a filament of a polyester fiber and a polyamide fiber is preferable. The knitted structure is not particularly limited as long as it is a circular knitted structure, and it may be a plain knitted structure, a interlock knitted structure, a rib knitted structure, a front and back knitted structure, or a modified knitted structure thereof, and as long as it is a tricot knitted structure, a raschel (raschel) warp knitted structure, or the like. Examples of the knitting structure include tricot knitting structures such as a warp pile-warp flat structure, an inverse warp pile-warp flat structure, a double bar warp flat structure, and a double bar warp satin structure, and examples of the knitting structure include an elastic mesh warp knitting fabric, a semi-elastic mesh warp knitting fabric, a weft satin (サテンネツト), and a knitted mesh wool fabric in the case of a raschel knitting fabric.

The elastic yarn and the non-elastic fiber can be used as composite yarn such as core-spun yarn, parallel twisted yarn and composite spinning, and can also be used as bare yarn for interweaving the non-elastic fiber and the polyurethane elastic yarn. The composite filaments and the inelastic filaments may also be interwoven as desired. In order to reduce the processing cost, it is more preferable to interweave bare wires. In addition, in order to reduce the rubber-like touch and the sticky feeling upon moisture absorption of the knitted fabric, the surface layer of the knitted fabric is preferably covered with a non-elastic fiber. In this case, the content of the elastic fiber is preferably 10 mass% or more in view of sufficiently exhibiting heat release by moisture absorption, moisture release, antibacterial and deodorant performances, and stretch performance of the knitted fabric. More preferably 20 to 50 mass%. If the amount exceeds 50% by mass, it is not preferable because it is not only disadvantageous from the viewpoint of economy but also causes a decrease in texture such as softness and swelling.

The temperature difference between the moisture absorption and heat release characteristics of the knitted fabric of the invention at the initial stage and after 10 times of washing is less than 1 ℃, and the temperature difference of less than 1 ℃ shows that the knitted fabric has washing resistance, and the moisture absorption and heat release characteristics which can be felt can be maintained after 10 times of washing.

The natural fabric of the present invention is suitably used for underwear, and since the elastic resin contains the high hygroscopic organic fine particles, it can be a multifunctional stretchable knitted fabric having sanitary properties due to the deodorizing and antibacterial effects and moisture retention due to the pH buffering properties in addition to high stretchability and wearing comfort properties such as heat release upon moisture absorption, heat absorption upon moisture discharge, antistatic properties, and the like. The present invention encompasses inventions of undergarments.

The present invention will be described with reference to stockings.

The stockings of the present invention are characterized by having moisture absorption properties and also having heat release and warming effects when absorbing moisture. First, the variation of the wet temperature when wearing the stockings of the present invention is substantially the same as that of the knitted fabric which can be applied to underwear.

The inventors have studied the effect of warming upon moisture absorption which can be felt in a test of wearing stockings by changing the concentration of the fine moisture absorbing and discharging particles in the elastic yarn, and have found that it is preferable to have a temperature raising capability of 7 ℃/min or more. More preferably 9 deg.c/min or more. And also by the external environment, the lower the external temperature the higher the temperature raising capability required.

The stockings of the present invention are preferably composed of a composite yarn of elastic yarn and synthetic fiber yarn or a woven fabric of false twisted yarn of the composite yarn and synthetic fiber yarn from the viewpoints of thinness, strength, elongation and elongation recovery. The elastic filaments are preferably elastic filaments and the synthetic fiber filaments are preferably synthetic filaments. Preferably, the front and back sides of the stocking are substantially covered by synthetic filaments. This is to satisfy the preferable characteristics as stockings in order to avoid direct contact of the elastic yarn with the skin and thereby improve the degree of lubrication with the skin surface. If both of the composite filaments are made into filaments, it is preferable for improving transparency and strength and thus improving the wear resistance, and the synthetic filaments are preferably polyester or nylon. The synthetic filaments are more preferably nylon filaments from the viewpoint of moisture absorption and durability. The total fineness of the composite yarn is preferably 30 to 80 dtex when it is used as a panty part in practical use, and is preferably 10 to 50dtex when it is used as a leg part.

The difference in the hygroscopic and exothermic characteristics between the initial stage and the 10-time washing indicates washing fastness, and the temperature less than 1 ℃ means that the sensible hygroscopic and exothermic characteristics can be maintained even after 10-time washing. The washing in the present invention is based on JIS-0217-103 method using a standard detergent of the fiber evaluation technology Association.

The elastic yarn containing the organic fine particles having high moisture absorption and release properties is preferably contained in an amount of 20 wt% or more of the fabric, and if it is not more than 20 wt%, the moisture absorption and release properties are insufficient, which is not preferable. Further, the stockings are not preferable because the stockings have a poor fastening feeling. More preferably 25 to 40%. In the case of pantyhose, the panty portion and the leg portion are typically each formed from different filaments. There is no problem in the case where both are constituted by the same yarn, and if an elastic yarn containing the hygroscopic organic fine particles is used for only one of them, it means only the composition ratio of the elastic yarn containing the hygroscopic organic fine particles in the knitted fabric in this portion.

As described above, by using the knitted fabric in which the heat release by moisture absorption and the heat absorption by moisture elimination are repeated according to the change of the environment at will in the panty part and the leg part, respectively, it is possible to design the panty hose suitable for the season and the environment. For example, in stockings for summer use, elastic yarns containing heat-releasing and moisture-absorbing organic fine particles are used only for the leg portions, whereby cool stockings having a smooth feeling can be obtained.

The stockings of the present invention preferably have a deodorizing rate of at least one selected from the group consisting of ammonia, acetic acid and isovaleric acid of 70% or more. These components are defined as odor components of sweat odor by the fiber evaluation technology association of the community law, and if they have performance of eliminating them, particularly, if they have deodorizing performance for any one of the above 3 components, it is easy to consider that they have performance of removing odor after sweat, and the performance should be 70% or more. Therefore, if the amount is less than 70%, the performance is insufficient, and it cannot be said that the deodorant performance is exhibited. The deodorizing ability is preferably 85% or more, more preferably 90% or more.

The stockings of the present invention preferably have a total deodorization ratio of 70% or more with respect to at least one selected from the group consisting of ammonia, acetic acid and isovaleric acid before and after washing. Many stockings on the market are so-called post-processed products in which a deodorizing component is attached after the production, and their washing resistance is poor, and therefore, even if they have deodorizing performance at first, their deodorizing performance deteriorates after washing. The elastic yarn preferably used in the stocking of the present invention is integrated with the fiber on the surface and inside of the fiber, and therefore, the performance thereof is hardly deteriorated even when washed. The deodorization ratio after washing is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 85% or more.

The frictional electrostatic voltage of the stocking of the present invention is preferably 2500V or less. When the frictional electrostatic voltage exceeds 2500V, the skirt tends to be entangled, and the skirt tends to feel uncomfortable particularly in winter with low humidity. The preferable range is 2000V or less, and more preferably 1500V or less.

The half-life of the electrostatic voltage of the stocking of the invention is preferably below 50 seconds. The half-life of the electrostatic voltage is a parameter for evaluating the ease of winding, as with the frictional electrostatic voltage, and if the value is 50 seconds or less, even if static electricity is generated by friction with the outside of the left and right stockings, skirts, and the like, the rate of decrease of the electrostatic voltage is rapid, and thus discomfort is hardly felt. If it exceeds 50 seconds, the wearer tends to feel uncomfortable particularly in winter with low humidity. Preferably 30 seconds or less, more preferably 15 seconds or less.

Next, the fabric according to the present invention will be described. First, the present invention will be explained mainly with respect to a woven fabric containing a large amount of long fibers (hereinafter referred to as a long fiber woven fabric).

The long fiber fabric of the present invention is a fabric comprising a composite yarn of inelastic fibers and the above elastic fibers, and is preferably a fabric having a constant load elongation of 15% or more, a constant load elongation recovery of 35% or more, and a fabric surface temperature rise of 1 ℃ or more upon moisture absorption.

In the present invention, the constant load elongation, the constant load recovery rate, and the fabric surface rising temperature upon moisture absorption are values measured by the methods described later.

The elongation properties of long fiber fabrics are important properties required for garments, particularly sports garments. To obtain a garment that is easy to move, the fabric of the invention has a constant load elongation of more than 15%, preferably more than 20%. In order to avoid lowering of the shape retention and elongation recovery properties, the upper limit of the constant-load elongation is preferably about 40%.

In addition, in order to avoid deterioration of the aesthetic appearance, the long fiber fabric of the present invention has a constant load elongation recovery of 35% or more, preferably 60% or more. The upper limit of the constant load elongation recovery rate is not particularly limited, and is about 95%.

The fabric surface rising temperature at the time of moisture absorption of the long fiber fabric of the present invention is 1 ℃ or higher, preferably 2 ℃ or higher. The higher the fabric surface temperature rise upon moisture absorption, the better, but usually up to about 5 ℃ is sufficient. When the fabric surface temperature rises within the above range upon absorbing moisture, warmth can be felt upon wearing.

The fabric comprising the composite yarn of the inelastic fiber and the elastic fiber and having a constant load elongation of 15% or more, a constant load elongation recovery of 35% or more, and a fabric surface temperature rise of 1 ℃ or more upon moisture absorption can be produced by the following method. That is, a woven fabric having a composite yarn of inelastic fibers and elastic fibers containing fine particles having high moisture absorption and release properties in an amount of 5 wt% or more can be obtained by appropriately adjusting the draft ratio, weave structure, and weave density in the production of the composite yarn.

The constant load elongation and the constant load elongation recovery rate can be increased or decreased by adjusting the draft ratio, the weave texture and the weave density when the composite yarn is produced, and the content of the composite yarn in the fabric. In addition, the rising temperature of the fabric surface during moisture absorption can be increased or decreased by adjusting the content of the particles in the elastic yarn and the content of the composite yarn in the fabric.

The fineness of the yarn varies depending on the kind and use of the material, but the fineness of the elastic yarn is usually about 20 to 100dtex, and particularly preferably 30 to 50 dtex. When the amount is within the above range, the elongation property and recovery property of the resulting woven fabric are improved.

In the long fiber fabric of the present invention, the inelastic fiber means a fiber having an elongation at break of 100% or less as defined in JIS L1013(2000) (constant rate elongation test). The type of the inelastic fiber is not particularly limited, and known fibers can be used. As such known non-elastic fibers, synthetic fibers such as polyamide (nylon, etc.), polyester, vinylon, acrylonitrile, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.; regenerated fibers such as rayon and cuprammonium fibers; semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate, and plexifilamentary; natural fibers such as silk, and the like.

Filaments made of polyester or polyamide (such as nylon) are particularly preferable in terms of satisfying the strength required for sportswear. The non-elastic fibers may be used alone or in combination of 1 or more than 2.

The fineness of the yarn made of the inelastic fiber is usually about 10 to 100dtex, and particularly preferably about 20 to 50 dtex.

The non-elastic fiber is preferably a fiber subjected to bulky processing, and more preferably a false twist bulked yarn, from the viewpoint of obtaining bulkiness, and warmth.

The form of the composite yarn may be used without limitation as a form known as an elastic fiber composite form. Examples of such known composite yarns include a core yarn in which an elastic fiber is supplied at an appropriate draft ratio and a non-elastic fiber or a complex yarn is wound thereon, and a twisted yarn in which an elastic fiber is supplied at an appropriate draft ratio and is twisted together with a non-elastic fiber. Particularly preferred is a cored wire. A wound core yarn (single core yarn) produced by a hollow spindle type cladding machine is more preferable in that the covering property of the inelastic fiber can be improved, the cutting due to the exposure of the elastic fiber can be avoided, and the friction between the fabrics can be reduced.

The number of twists of the composite yarn may be about 500 to 1200T/m, preferably about 600 to 1200T/m. When the number of twists is within the above range, the composite yarn can satisfy the elongation recovery property and the problem of "mesh ムキ" due to exposure to the surface of the elastic fiber can be reduced.

The ratio of the elastic fibers and the non-elastic fibers used was elastic fibers in terms of weight ratio: the ratio of the non-elastic fibers is usually about 1: 2 to 1: 8, and particularly preferably about 1: 3 to 1: 5.

In order to obtain a sufficient heat dissipation effect by moisture absorption in practical use, the long fiber fabric of the present invention preferably contains 5% by weight or more of the above-mentioned composite yarn. In particular, the content is 20% by weight or more, and more preferably 25% by weight or more. The composite yarn may be used as 100% of the yarn in the fabric, but is preferably about 30% by weight in view of keeping comfort when worn. When the ratio of the composite yarn is within the above range, the heat release effect due to moisture absorption is easily felt when wearing.

When fibers constituting a long fiber fabric other than the composite yarn are present, the material thereof is not particularly limited, and any of synthetic fibers, semi-synthetic fibers, regenerated fibers, and natural fibers can be used. In addition, the filaments may be in the form of filaments or staple yarns. The fibers other than the composite yarn may be either inelastic fibers or elastic fibers, but from the viewpoint of hand and touch, long fibers of inelastic fibers are preferably used. The fibers other than the composite yarn may be used alone or in combination of 2 or more.

When the fibers other than the composite yarn are used for producing a textile for sportswear, polyester-based and/or polyamide-based filaments (particularly, inelastic filaments) are preferable. In the case of making a thin cloth with a smooth cloth surface, a flat yarn may be used, but in this case, a cloth with a slightly poor elasticity is obtained. When a slightly thick cloth with a large elongation is required, a bulked yarn is preferably used as the yarn other than the composite yarn. Particularly, a false twist yarn (particularly, a grade 1 processed yarn) of polyester-based filaments or polyamide-based filaments is preferably used.

When aesthetic appearance is required, as filaments other than the composite filaments, a mixed latent filament length difference filament is preferably used, and a mixed latent filament length difference filament composed of polyester filaments is more preferably used. When a mixed filament having a latent difference in filament length is used, a soft hand and drapability can be improved by subjecting the produced fabric to weight reduction processing using sodium hydroxide or the like. As the latent yarn length difference mixed filament, a so-called differential shrinkage mixed filament obtained by mixing and weaving 2 or more kinds of filaments having a thermal shrinkage difference, a so-called spontaneous elongation mixed filament obtained by mixing and weaving a filament shrunk by a heat treatment and a filament elongated by a heat treatment, or the like can be used.

In addition, when a fabric for underwear or general clothing is formed, a flat yarn made of polyester or nylon is preferably used as a base yarn other than the composite yarn.

The elastic composite yarn may be formed by alternately arranging both the warp and the weft, or one of the warp and the weft may be formed as a yarn composed of the elastic composite yarn and the other may be formed as a yarn composed of the non-elastic yarn. In the former case, a 2-way stretch fabric is obtained, and in the latter case, a 1-way stretch fabric is obtained.

The long fiber fabric of the present invention has both moisture absorption and heat release properties and stretch properties, and therefore is suitable for use as linings of sportswear, underwear, general clothing, and cold protective clothing, cold protective linings (interlinings that can be worn and removed), and the like.

The type of the garment using the long fiber fabric of the present invention is not particularly limited, but sportswear, underwear, cold-proof interlining, lining of cold-proof clothes, general clothing, and the like are suitable because they have both moisture-absorbing and heat-releasing properties and stretch properties. In the case of sportswear, the clothing is particularly suitable for outdoor sports warming.

Specifically, as the sportswear, there may be enumerated a jacket or pants of tennis suits, golf suits, ski suits, jogging suits, and the like; a skirt, etc. Among these, for example, a fabric combining an elastic composite yarn and a non-elastic polyester false twist yarn is suitably used.

Examples of ordinary clothes include shirts, blouses such as blouses, trousers, skirts, and jackets for outings. Among these, fabrics (for medium-length clothing and the like) in which silk or fine-denier yarn made of special filament having sweat-absorbing property is combined, fabrics (for upper clothing and the like) in which elastic composite yarn and inelastic polyester flat yarn are combined, and fabrics (for upper clothing and the like) in which elastic composite yarn and different-shrinkage composite yarn are combined are suitably used. The fabric obtained by combining the elastic composite yarn and the different-shrinkage composite yarn can be used not only as a top of general clothes such as a jacket for outdoor use but also as a top for sports such as a tennis jacket and a golf jacket.

Examples of the underwear include shirts and pants. Among these, a woven fabric or the like in which silk or fine denier filaments composed of special filaments having sweat-absorbing properties are combined is suitably used.

Long fiber fabrics combining elastic composite yarns and non-elastic polyester flat yarns are suitable for use in the linings and cold protective linings of cold protective clothing such as coats and ski wear.

Next, description will be made with respect to a fabric mainly containing a large amount of short fibers (hereinafter referred to as a short fiber fabric) in the present invention. Wherein the elastic fibers are preferably long fibers.

The staple fiber fabric of the present invention is a fabric comprising a composite yarn of inelastic fibers and the above elastic fibers, and preferably has a constant load elongation of 15% or more, a constant load elongation recovery of 35% or more, a fabric surface temperature rise of 0.5 ℃ or more upon moisture absorption, and a fabric surface containing 10 Nm/cm²The hairiness fabric with the density and the length of more than 1 mm.

In the present invention, the constant load elongation recovery rate, the fabric surface temperature rise upon moisture absorption, and the hairiness density on the fabric surface are values measured by the methods described below.

The stretch properties of staple fiber fabrics are important properties required for garments, particularly sports apparel. In order to obtain a garment that is easy to move, the staple fiber fabric of the present invention has a constant load elongation of 15% or more, preferably 20% or more. The upper limit of the constant-load elongation is preferably about 40% so as not to decrease the shape retention and the elongation recovery properties.

In addition, the constant load elongation recovery of the staple fiber fabric of the present invention is 35% or more, preferably 60% or more, in order not to spoil the beauty. The upper limit of the constant load elongation recovery rate is not particularly limited, and is about 95%.

The surface rising temperature of the staple fiber fabric of the present invention upon moisture absorption is 0.5 ℃ or higher, preferably 2 ℃ or higher. The higher the fabric surface temperature rise upon moisture absorption, the better, but usually up to about 5 ℃ is sufficient. Within the above range, heat generation due to moisture absorption can be sensed, and clothes having a comfortable feeling by warming can be obtained.

Further, the staple fiber fabric of the present invention contained 10 counts/cm on the cloth surface²The hairiness with the density and the length of more than 1 mm. The density of the hairiness is preferably 20 ben/cm²The above. The upper limit of the density of the hairiness is not particularly limited, but is usually 30 parts/cm²Left and right. If the density of the hairs is within the above range, a warm and natural feeling can be obtained in the case of forming a fabric.

The constant load elongation is 15% or more, the constant load elongation recovery rate is 35% or more, the fabric surface rising temperature is 0.5 ℃ or more when absorbing moisture, and the fabric surface contains 10 counts/cm²The short fiber fabric having the hairiness with a length of 1mm or more at the above density can be obtained by the following method. That is, it is preferable that the fabric having the above numerical range can be obtained by appropriately adjusting the draft ratio, the weave structure and the weave density at the time of producing the composite yarn, and optimizing the twist factor of the composite yarn and the fiber length of the short fiber at the same time in the fabric in which the composite yarn composed of the inelastic fiber and the elastic fiber containing 0.2 to 50 wt% of the fine particles having high moisture absorption and discharge properties and the yarn containing the short fiber are interwoven, and the fabric having the composite yarn content of 5 wt% or more.

The constant load elongation and the constant load elongation recovery rate can be increased or decreased by adjusting the draft ratio, the weave structure, the weave density, and the content of the composite yarn when the composite yarn is produced. In addition, the rising temperature of the fabric surface during moisture absorption can be increased or decreased by adjusting the content of the particles and the content of the composite yarn. The hairiness density of the cloth surface can be increased or decreased by optimizing the twist factor of the composite yarn and the fiber length of the short fibers.

The fineness of the yarn constituting the short fiber fabric of the present invention varies depending on the kind of the constituent material and the application, but the fineness of the elastic yarn is usually about 20 to 100dtex, and particularly preferably about 30 to 50 dtex. When the amount is within the above range, the elongation property and recovery property of the resulting woven fabric are improved.

In the invention relating to the short fiber fabric, the inelastic fiber means a fiber having an elongation at break of 100% or less as defined in JISL1013(2000) (constant rate elongation test). As the inelastic fiber, a known inelastic fiber can be used. Examples of such known inelastic fibers include synthetic fibers such as polyester, nylon, acrylic, vinylon, polyethylene, and polypropylene; regenerated fibers such as rayon and cuprammonium fibers; staple fibers composed of semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate, and plexifilamentary; natural fibers such as cotton and hemp, and the like.

In the case of use in clothing such as office uniforms, which is washed less frequently, wool (wool, goat wool, camel wool, mohair, alpaca wool, angora wool, etc.) may be used.

A work garment for emphasizing moisture and sweat absorption properties when worn; general midwear such as shirts and blouses; work-suit style clothing; in the case of the use of sanitary wear, cotton fibers are suitable.

The inelastic fibers may be used alone in 1 kind or in combination of 2 or more kinds.

The diameter of the inelastic fiber is usually about 12 to 22 μm, and particularly preferably about 14 to 17 μm.

The composite filaments may be made in a form known as a composite form of elastic fibers. As such a known form, there are composite spun yarns obtained by supplying elastic fibers to a worsted area of inelastic fibers at an appropriate draft ratio and winding up by twisting, or twisted yarns obtained by supplying elastic yarns at an appropriate draft ratio and twisting them with an inelastic staple yarn produced separately, and the like.

The composite spinning is preferable in that the coating property of the inelastic fiber can be improved, the cutting due to the exposure of the elastic fiber can be avoided, and the friction between the fabrics can be reduced.

Twist factor of composite yarn (TW is twist number [ turns/2.54 cm)]When N is the cotton count of English system, useExpressed in the formula) may be, for example, about 3 to 5, preferably about 3.8 to 4.5, in the case of a composite spun yarn. When the twist factor is within the above range, a desired hand feeling of the spun staple fiber yarn woven fabric can be obtained, and an appropriate inclusion force of the composite spun yarn can be obtained at the time of weaving thereof.

The use ratio of the elastic fiber and the non-elastic fiber is calculated by weight ratio, the elastic fiber: the ratio of the non-elastic fibers is usually about 1: 2 to 1: 8, and particularly preferably about 1: 3 to 1: 5.

In order to obtain a sufficient moisture absorption and heat release effect in practical use, the composite yarn is contained in an amount of 5 wt% or more in the short fiber fabric of the present invention. In particular, the content is 20% by weight or more, and more preferably 25% by weight or more. The upper limit of the content ratio of the composite yarn may be determined depending on the characteristics (e.g., elastic force) required for various applications.

The filaments other than the composite filaments are preferably filaments containing short fibers, and more preferably filaments composed of short fibers. The type of the short fibers is not particularly limited, and any of synthetic fibers, semi-synthetic fibers, regenerated fibers, and natural fibers may be used. The yarn composed of the short fiber may be a yarn composed of 1 type of fiber, or a blended yarn composed of 2 or more types of fibers.

As the yarn made of short fibers other than the composite yarn, an inelastic yarn is suitably used.

Cotton yarn and blended yarn containing cotton fiber are particularly preferable. Specifically, a densely woven plain woven fabric using 40 to 50 cotton yarn count for weaving can utilize the moisture absorption and removal properties and the moisture absorption and heat release effects, and is suitable for use in underwear such as shirts and blouses. In addition, a plain or twill fabric using 20 to 40 cotton yarns in the interweaving can be used as medical clothing such as white overcoat and surgical gown by utilizing the antibacterial, bacteriostatic, deodorizing, moisture absorbing and discharging, and moisture absorbing and releasing effects. In addition, the positive bias fabric using cotton yarn with 10-30 cotton count for interweaving can utilize the moisture absorption and discharge effect and the moisture absorption and heat release effect, and is suitable for work clothes and clothes made of denim. In either case, the characteristics are ease of handling due to the elasticity and comfort of wearing.

The wool (wool, etc.) in the natural fiber is suitable for use in the case of general midwear such as shirts and blouses, and office uniforms with a small number of washing cycles. By using the hair, a cloth having a smooth luster and a soft and warm touch due to the hairiness can be produced, and a garment which can be easily worn directly on the skin can be obtained. Specifically, for example, by using a wool spun yarn or a wool blended yarn as a warp, an elastic fabric having aesthetic appearance and crease resistance in addition to moisture absorption and discharge effects and moisture absorption and heat release effects can be obtained, and the elastic fabric is suitable for office uniforms.

These spun yarns may be formed by alternately arranging warp yarns and weft yarns, or one of the warp yarns and the weft yarns may be formed as a yarn composed of an elastic composite yarn, and the other yarn may be formed as a yarn composed of a spun yarn. In the former case, a 2-way stretch fabric is obtained, and in the latter case, a 1-way stretch fabric is obtained.

The fabric of the present invention has the properties of absorbing moisture and releasing heat, stretchability, and feathery appearance (warmth, touch, and natural appearance), and therefore, the fabric of the present invention is suitable for use as a coverall, office uniform, sanitary wear, coverall style clothing, general midwear, and the like.

The garment of the present invention is the above-described garment of the present invention mainly using a short fiber fabric. The kind of the clothes is not particularly limited, but is suitably a work suit; office uniforms; sanitary garments such as white overcoat, surgical gowns, lab coats and the like; work-wear style garments such as denim pants, labor wear, overalls, and the like; general midwear such as shirts and blouses.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. In the examples, the expression "parts" means parts by mass. The measurement method, evaluation method, and the like are as follows.

(A) Exothermicity (maximum temperature rise) of elastic fibers

A bare knitted cylindrical blank sample of 10g spandex was made using a cylindrical knitting machine. This knitted cylindrical fabric sample was mounted on a temperature sensor (wound around a 540K MD-5 model having a rod-like detection end manufactured by Anlim corporation, and adhered as closely as possible, and the remaining knitted cylindrical fabric sample end was folded back from the detection end tip and stuck with cellophane tape or ring gum, etc.), dried at 70 ℃ for 2 hours, put into a dryer (about 5% RH inside the dryer) containing silica gel, and left to stand at 32 ℃ for 24 hours. The temperature sensor containing the sample was then quickly connected to a temperature recorder (e.g., model DATA COLLECTOR AM-7052, manufactured by ANLIMETER, Inc.), and the temperature change due to heat generation by moisture absorption was measured under an environment of 32 ℃ C.. times.70% RH (e.g., a potassium sulfate saturated aqueous solution dryer). The difference between the maximum temperature data (. degree.C.) and the initial temperature (32 ℃ C.) was calculated to obtain the maximum temperature rise (. degree.C.).

(B) Moisture absorption of elastic fiber

5g of elastic fiber was washed with 100ml of petroleum ether, and the weight W in an absolutely dry state was measured₁(g) In that respect After the plate was left to stand at 20 ℃ C.. times.65% RH for 24 hours, the weight W was measured₂(g) The moisture absorption at 20 ℃ X65% RH was determined by the following formula (3).

20 ℃ x 65% RH, moisture absorption (%) { (W)₂-W₁)/W₁}×100......(3)

Further, the mixture was left to stand in an atmosphere of 20 ℃ C.. times.95% RH for 24 hours, and the weight W at that time was measured₃(g) The moisture absorption at 20 ℃ C.. times.95% RH was determined by the following formula (4).

20 ℃ x 95% RH, moisture absorption (%) { (W)₃-W₁)/W₁}×100......(4)

(C) Degree of swelling of the particles

About 1g of a sample after absolute drying for 24 hours in a desiccator set at 105 ℃ was placed in a 10ml spiral tube, held vertically so that the upper surface of the sample was kept as horizontal as possible, and the volume V at that time was read from the scale₁(ml). Adding pure water into the spiral tube, wherein the amount of the pure water is that the water surface is higher than the upper surface of the sample after water absorption, vertically placing for 6 hours, and reading the volume V of the upper surface of the sample by scales₂(ml). The degree of swelling of the fine particles was determined by the following formula (5).

Degree of swelling (%) { (V)₂-V₁)/V₁}×100......(5)

(D) Moisture regain of fine particles

About 2g of a sample was taken out of a cleaned and absolutely dried petri dish, and an aluminum foil with a part of small holes left was covered to prevent scattering of fine particles, and the sample was placed in a constant temperature and humidity apparatus set at 20 ℃ C.. times.65% RH for 24 hours, and then the weight W of the petri dish was measured₄. Then, the plate was dried in a drier set at 105 ℃ for 24 hours, and the weight W of the plate was measured₅(g) In that respect The moisture regain of the fine particles at 20 ℃ C.. times.65% RH was determined by the following formula (6).

Moisture regain (%) { (W)₄-W₅)/W₅}×100......(6)

(E) Average particle diameter of fine particles

The average particle diameter of the fine particles was determined using a light scattering photometer (model ELS-800 manufactured by Otsuka electronics Co., Ltd.) according to the manual attached to the photometer.

(F) Dry heat setting rate (PSD)

An elastic fiber having an initial length of 22.5cm (L1) was subjected to dry heat treatment at 190 ℃ for 1 minute under the condition of 100% elongation, and then left to cool at room temperature for 10 minutes, and the filament length (L2) was measured and calculated by the following formula (7).

PSD(％)＝{(L2-L1)/L1}×100......(7)

(G) Moisture and heat setting rate (PSW)

An elastic fiber having an initial length of 9.5cm (L3) was heated from 40 ℃ to 130 ℃ under moist heat for 60 minutes under a condition of 100% elongation, then continuously treated at moist heat 130 ℃ for 60 minutes, and then left to cool at room temperature for 10 minutes, and then the filament length (L4) was measured, and the filament length was calculated by the following formula (8).

PSW(％)＝{(L4-L3)/L3}×100......(8)

(H) Concentration of salt-type carboxyl group in fine particles

About 1g of the fine particles (X (g)) to be tested which had been sufficiently dried were weighed, 200g of water was added thereto, and then 1N hydrochloric acid aqueous solution was added thereto while heating to 50 ℃ to adjust the pH to 2, and then a titration curve was obtained by a conventional method using 0.1N caustic soda aqueous solution. From the titration curve, the amount of consumption (Y (cc)) of the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution consumed by the carboxyl group was obtained, and the carboxyl group concentration was calculated by the following formula (9).

(9) carboxyl group concentration 0.1 × Y/x

In addition, a titration curve was similarly obtained without adding a 1N hydrochloric acid aqueous solution to adjust the pH to 2 in the above procedure for measuring the amount of carboxyl groups, and the carboxylic acid concentration was obtained. From these results, the salt-type carboxyl group concentration was calculated by the following formula (10).

(10) carboxyl concentration-carboxylic acid concentration in salt form

(I) Constant load elongation and constant load elongation recovery of knitted fabric

The measurement was carried out according to the method described in "standardization and analysis of hand feeling evaluation" (edited by the society of textile machinery, Japan) "Chapter IV" measurement of mechanical Properties of Fabric ". The measurement sample was 20cm wide and 5cm long, and collected for each of the warp and weft directions of the fabric. The measurement sample was measured at 4.00X 10 along the longitudinal direction^-3The constant-speed elongation/sec was measured until the maximum load was 500gf/cm, and the elongation (%) at that time was measured to calculate the average value of the warp and weft directions as the constant-load elongation (%). When the elongation is recovered until the load applied to the sample becomes zero, and the elongation at that time is based on the point at which the elongation is zero is defined as B (%), and the elongation at 500gf/cm load is defined as (A), the recovery is represented by the following formula (11).

The recovery rate (%) was an average value of the recovery rates in the warp and weft directions as a constant load elongation recovery rate (%).

(J) Measurement of Heat Release from moisture absorption of knitted Fabric

After drying the knitted sample fabric in a roller (tub) dryer at 70 ℃ for 2 hours, the knitted sample fabric was put into a dryer containing silica gel, and the temperature was adjusted at 32 ℃ C.. times.70% RH for 8 hours or more. Then, the knitted fabric was taken out from the dryer under an atmosphere of 32 ℃x70% RH, and photographed by a heat trace device every 20 seconds, and the temperature of the surface of the knitted fabric was measured. The temperature and time to reach the maximum are set from this data, and the temperature increase rate is calculated by the following equation (12).

(12) comparing the difference between the hygroscopic exothermic temperatures before and after washing with the maximum reaching temperature.

(K) Antibacterial properties of knitted or stockings

Staphylococcus aureus was used as the test bacterium, and the test was carried out according to the SEK-Union test method defined by the Association for fiber evaluation technologies, and the bacteriostatic activity was expressed as a value. If the value is 1.6 or more, it can be judged that the antibacterial property is exhibited.

(L) deodorizing Properties of knitted Fabric other than stocking

3 liters of odor having a predetermined concentration was sealed in a 5 liter Tedler bag together with a knitted fabric in an amount corresponding to 1g of elastic yarn, and the odor component reduction rate (%) after 30 minutes at room temperature was measured with a gas tex (ガステックス) measuring tube, and 70% or more was regarded as a pass. Note that the odor concentration of each odor source is set as follows.

Ammonia: 100ppm, acetic acid: 100ppm, isovaleric acid: 60ppm, repeat the measurement 3 times, take the average value.

(M) content of elastic yarn in knitted fabric other than stocking

The yarn feeding speed and fineness of the elastic yarn and the inelastic yarn were calculated from the following equation (13). In the case of warp knitting, the guide wheel (runner) length is used instead of the wire feed speed.

The content (mass%) of elastic yarn is { (yarn feeding speed of elastic yarn × fineness) ÷ { (yarn feeding speed of elastic yarn × fineness) + (yarn feeding speed of non-elastic yarn × fineness) } × 100

(N) moisture absorption and Heat Release characteristics of the stocking

After a part (about 30cm) of the stockings was dried in a drum dryer at 70 ℃ for 2 hours, the dried stockings were put in a dryer containing silica gel, and the temperature of the dryer was adjusted at 32 ℃ C.. times.70% RH for 8 hours or more. Then, the stockings were taken out from the dryer under an atmosphere of 32 ℃ x 70% RH, photographed by a heat trace device every 20 seconds, and the temperature of the surface of the stockings was measured. The temperature and time to reach the maximum are set from this data, and the temperature increase rate is calculated by the following equation (14).

The temperature rise rate (c/min) { (maximum arrival temperature ℃)) - (32 ℃ } per arrival time (min.) the difference in hygroscopic and exothermic temperatures before and after 10 washes was compared to the maximum arrival temperature.

(O) measurement of deodorizing ability of stockings

The measurement was carried out according to the machine evaluation method of the fiber evaluation technical Association. Ammonia and acetic acid were measured by a tube method, and isovaleric acid was measured by gas chromatography.

(P) tribo electrostatic potential

Measured by tribostatic Voltage measurement according to JIS-L-1094.

(Q) half-life

Measured according to the half-life measurement method of JIS-L-1094.

(R) constant load elongation and constant load elongation recovery of the Fabric

The measurement was carried out according to the method described in section IV "measurement of mechanical characteristics of cloth" standardization and analysis of hand feeling evaluation (compiled by Japan society of textile machinery). That is, a sample having a width of 20cm and a length of 5cm was taken from the fabric. In the case of the 2-way stretch fabric, 1 piece was taken in each of the warp and weft directions of the fabric, and in the case of the 1-way stretch fabric, only a sample in which the stretching direction was the longitudinal direction was taken.

Next, each sample was measured at 4.00X 10 along the longitudinal direction^-3The constant rate of elongation/sec was set so that the maximum load per unit width was 500gf/cm, and the elongation (%) at that time was the constant load elongation (%). When the elongation is recovered until the load applied to the sample becomes zero, and the elongation at that time based on the point at which the elongation is zero is defined as B (%), and the constant-load elongation is defined as a (%), the constant-load elongation recovery is represented by the following formula (15).

Constant load elongation recovery { (a-B)/a } × 100. (15)

In both the constant load elongation and the constant load recovery, the average value of the measured value in the warp direction and the measured value in the weft direction of the fabric was used in the case of the 2-way stretch fabric, and only the measured value in the stretch direction was used in the case of the 1-way stretch fabric.

(S) temperature rise on the surface of the fabric upon moisture absorption

After drying the fabric in a 70 ℃ roller dryer for 2 hours, putting the fabric into a dryer filled with silica gel, and adjusting the temperature for more than 8 hours in an environment with the temperature of 32 ℃ and the relative humidity of 70% RH. Then, the fabric was taken out from the dryer in an environment of 32 ℃ and 70% RH relative humidity, and the surface temperature of the fabric was measured by taking an image for 5 minutes every 20 seconds by a heat tracing device (TH 3102, made by NEC, Nippon Seisakusho Co., Ltd.). The difference between the maximum reaching temperature and 32 ℃ was taken as the rising temperature of the fabric surface upon moisture absorption.

(T) deodorization Performance test of Fabric

3 liters of odor having a predetermined concentration was sealed in a 5 liter Tedler bag together with a fabric in an amount corresponding to 1g of elastic yarn, and the odor component reduction rate after 30 minutes at room temperature was measured with a gas tex detector tube, and 50% or more was passed. The odor gas concentration of each odor source is set as follows. The measurement was repeated 3 times, and the average value was taken.

Ammonia: 100ppm, acetic acid: 100ppm of

The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

(example 1)

Examples of elastic fibers are mainly described.

200 parts of polyoxybutylene glycol having a molecular weight of 1800 and 45 parts of methylene-bis (4-phenylisocyanate) were reacted at 80 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain an intermediate polymer having isocyanate groups at both terminals. After cooling the intermediate polymer to 40 ℃, 375 parts of N, N-dimethylacetamide was added and cooled to 10 ℃. A diethylamine solution prepared by dissolving 4.0 parts of ethylenediamine and 0.4 parts of diethylamine in 147.6 parts of N, N-dimethylacetamide was added to a high-speed stirred intermediate polymer solution at once to obtain a polyurethane polymer solution having a solution concentration of 32.2% by weight and a viscosity of 2500 poise (30 ℃).

To the polyurethane polymer solution thus obtained, 4% of a polymer having N-butylamine/N, N-dimethylhydrazine blocked at the terminal, a benzotriazole compound, and a hindered phenol compound were added and mixed.

Then, high moisture absorbing and discharging organic fine particles (5.4 mmol/g of sodium salt type carboxyl group) having an average particle diameter of 0.5 μm (measured by a light scattering photometer), a degree of swelling of 80%, and a moisture regain of 45% at 20 ℃ x 65% RH, which were obtained by crosslinking an aqueous dispersion of raw fine particles composed of acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, sodium p-styrenesulfonate and water with hydrazine, and hydrolyzing the resultant with NaOH, were added to a 5 wt% polyurethane polymer solution, and the mixture was mixed with a mixer for 3 hours to prepare a spinning dope.

The dope was defoamed, discharged from a spinneret having an aperture of 0.5mm, extruded in a spinning tube into which heated air of 235 ℃ flowed, and wound at a speed of 550 m/min with 5% OWF added. The obtained yarn was heat-treated at 40 ℃ for 72 hours to obtain a polyurethane elastic fiber of 22dtex and 2 filaments which could be subjected to post-processing. The maximum heat release of the obtained polyurethane elastic fiber was 3 ℃, the moisture absorption rate at 20 ℃ x 65% RH was 2.0%, the moisture absorption rate at 20 ℃ x 95% RH was 4.4%, PSD was 62%, and PSW was 63%.

In the obtained elastic fiber, yarns of 8dtex and 5fil, which are normal drawn yarns of nylon 6, were used as bobbins, and a core yarn draft in covering was set to 3.3, a first twist number was 2900 times/m, and a second twist number was 2450 times/m, respectively, to produce a double covered yarn.

The core-spun yarn was supplied to a 4-port pantyhose knitting machine (4-inch caliber, 400 needles), and then subjected to a series of post-processing such as pre-setting, cutting, sewing, dyeing, and final setting to obtain pantyhose.

In winter, 20 test persons were subjected to a try-on test using the produced pantyhose. Results of the 20 subjects, 17 were warm and comfortable in response. In the above-mentioned trial test, 8 persons who responded not only to the exposed leg but also to the abdominal region with warmth and comfort were present.

Comparative example 1

Mainly, comparative examples relating to elastic fibers are described.

Pantyhose were obtained in the same manner as in example 1, except that the amount of the heat-releasing hygroscopic organic fine particles added was changed to 0.1%. The maximum heat release of the resulting polyurethane elastic fiber was 0.6 ℃, the moisture absorption rate at 20 ℃ x 65% RH was 1.5%, the moisture absorption rate at 20 ℃ x 95% RH was 1.8%, the PSD was 61%, and the PSW was 62%. The produced pantyhose were worn by 20 test persons in the same manner as in example 1. As a result, 16 were obtained which did not differ from the ordinary pantyhose in answer, and 4 were obtained which were slightly warm but insufficient in answer.

Examples 2 and 3 and comparative example 2 mainly describe examples and comparative examples relating to knitted fabrics.

(example 2)

Then, 13 mass% of high moisture absorption and drainage organic fine particles (a material obtained by crosslinking an aqueous dispersion of raw fine particles obtained by copolymerizing acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, and sodium p-styrenesulfonate with hydrazine and then hydrolyzing the resultant mixture with NaOH, wherein sodium carboxylate and sodium sulfonate remain as hydrophilic groups) having an average particle diameter of 0.5 μm (measured by a light scattering photometer) and a degree of swelling of 80% were added to the polyurethane polymer solution to prepare a dope.

The dope was defoamed, discharged from a spinneret having an aperture of 0.5mm, extruded in a spinning tube into which 235 ℃ heated air flowed, and wound at a speed of 550 m/min with 5% omf of an oil solution added. The obtained yarn was heat-treated at 40 ℃ for 72 hours to obtain 44dtex, 4-filament polyurethane elastic fiber.

Using the obtained polyurethane elastic yarn on the back guide bar, using the polyester filament 56dtex36 filament dyeable under normal pressure and cationic on the front guide bar, a tricot warp knitted fabric of half structure (content of elastic fiber 25 mass%) was obtained with a tricot knitting machine of 28 gauge. The obtained warp knitted fabric is refined, pre-shaped, dyed at normal temperature and finally shaped by a conventional method to obtain a course (course) with the density of 102C/2.54cm, a wale (wale) with the density of 62W/2.54cm and the basis weight of 200g/m²The finished knitted fabric is obtained. The elongation characteristics and the moisture absorption and heat release characteristics of the knitted fabric are shown in table 1.

The knitted fabric was sewn and made into close-fitting jumpsuits and short leggings, and the underwear as tennis players was worn in a gymnasium in winter was evaluated as follows: the body was adjusted to a state of playability by warming up for about half of the time when not worn, i.e., 10 minutes, without feeling the initial cold or stuffiness.

(example 3)

While the elastic yarn 78dtex obtained by the same method as in example 2 was drafted by 3.3 times, the yarn was doubled with the nylon 6 77dtex24 filament, subjected to false twisting at 2500T/m level 1, and then entangled at about 60/m before winding, and then wound.

A knitted fabric having a plain knit structure was obtained using the false twisted composite yarn by a 28G circular knitting machine. The obtained knitted fabric is refined, dyed and shaped by a conventional method to prepare the knitted fabric with the basis weight of 150g/m²And the content of the elastic yarn is 25% by mass. The elongation characteristics and the moisture absorption and heat release characteristics of the knitted fabric are shown in table 1. In addition, the body suit is sewn from the refined knitted fabric. The tight suit was worn by the athletics player and the wearing sensation was evaluated while warming up, resulting in a rapid rise in body temperature without a stuffy feeling.

Comparative example 2

Tights were produced in the same manner as in example 3, except that the high moisture absorption organic fine particles were not contained. The elongation characteristics and the moisture absorption and heat release characteristics of the knitted fabric are shown in table 1. Further, as a result of evaluation in the same manner as in example 3, it was found that vigorous exercise was required for warming up, and that the user felt stuffy while sweating, and soon cooled after stopping exercise.

TABLE 1

	Constant load elongation	Constant load elongation recovery	Rising temperature of cloth surface
	Constant load elongation	Constant load elongation recovery	Rising temperature of cloth surface	Example 2	62％	75％	5℃
Example 3	57％	64％	6℃	Example 2	62％	75％	5℃
Example 3	57％	64％	6℃	Comparative example 2	58％	62％	2℃

Examples 4 to 9 and comparative example 3 show examples and comparative examples mainly relating to knitted fabrics and underwear suitable for underwear.

(example 4)

To the obtained polyurethane polymer solution, 4% of a polymer having N-butylamine/N, N' -dimethylhydrazine blocked at the terminal, a benzotriazole compound, and a hindered phenol compound were added and mixed.

Then, 13 mass% of high moisture absorption and drainage organic fine particles (obtained by crosslinking an aqueous dispersion of raw fine particles obtained by copolymerizing acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate and sodium p-styrenesulfonate with hydrazine and then hydrolyzing the resultant mixture with NaOH) having an average particle diameter of 0.5 μm (measured by a light scattering photometer) and a degree of swelling of 80% were added to the polyurethane polymer solution to prepare a dope.

The obtained 44dtex polyurethane elastic yarn and the nylon 6 56dtex-24 filament yarn were combined, and knitted into ベア plain stitch (plain stitch fabric partially using polyester yarn) fabric using a circular knitting machine (XL-3A/38 inch diameter 28 gauge plate) manufactured by Fuyuan Seiko Seisaku-Sho. The gray fabric was subjected to a usual dyeing refining process to obtain a gray fabric having a warp density of 100C/2.54cm and a weft density of 54W/2.54 cm. The elastic yarn content of the knitted fabric was 24 mass%. The underwear is made by using the grey cloth as clothing material. The properties of the knitted fabric are shown in table 2. The underwear was worn under an environment of 10 ℃ and 40% RH, and the wearer was repeatedly walked and rested for 2 times in 10 minutes, and the evaluation results showed that the underwear was worn warm and free from stuffy feeling during walking, and no cold feeling was felt at the beginning of walking stoppage.

(example 5)

The 44dtex polyurethane elastic yarn obtained in example 4 and the 56dtex-24 polyester yarn were combined and knitted into ベア plain knit fabric using a circular knitting machine (XL-3A/38 inch diameter 28 gauge sheet) manufactured by Fugi apparatus. The gray fabric was subjected to a usual dyeing refining process to obtain a gray fabric having a warp density of 100C/2.54cm and a weft density of 54W/2.54 cm. The elastic yarn content of the knitted fabric was 28 mass%. Underwear was produced using the gray fabric as clothing in the same manner as in example 1. The properties of the knitted fabric are shown in table 2. The underwear was worn under an environment of 10 ℃ and 40% RH, and the wearer was repeatedly walked and rested for 2 times in 10 minutes, and the evaluation results showed that the underwear was worn warm and free from stuffy feeling during walking, and also had a smooth feeling without chill at the initial stage of walking stoppage.

(example 6)

A semi-finished 2-pass warp-knitted gray fabric was knitted by combining 44dtex polyurethane elastic yarn obtained in the same manner as in example 4 and 56dtex-24 nylon 6 filament yarn using a tricot knitting machine (HKS 2/180-inch wide 28 gauge) manufactured by カ - ルマィャ -society. The gray fabric was subjected to a usual dyeing refining process to obtain a gray fabric having a warp density of 100C/2.54cm and a weft density of 58W/2.54 cm. The elastic yarn content of the knitted fabric was 21 mass%. Shorts were produced using the gray cloth as clothing. The properties of the knitted fabric are shown in table 2. The pants were worn under an environment of 10 ℃ and 40% RH, and were repeatedly worn 2 times per 10 minutes and rested, and as a result, the pants had a warm and stuffy feeling of wearing during walking, and also had a smooth feeling of feeling without a cold feeling at the initial stage of walking stoppage.

(example 7)

A half-stitch 2-way warp knitted blank fabric was knitted by combining 22dtex polyurethane elastic yarn obtained in the same manner as in example 4 with 33dtex-12 nylon 6 filaments using a tricot knitting machine (HKS 2/180-inch wide 28 gauge) manufactured by カ - ルマィャ -corporation. The gray fabric was subjected to a usual dyeing refining process to obtain a gray fabric having a warp density of 110C/2.54cm and a weft density of 57W/2.54 cm. The elastic yarn content of the knitted fabric was 17 mass%. Shorts were produced using this raw fabric as clothing in the same manner as in example 6. The properties of the knitted fabric are shown in table 2. The pants were worn under an environment of 10 ℃ and 40% RH, and were repeatedly worn 2 times per 10 minutes and rested, and as a result, the pants had a warm and stuffy feeling of wearing during walking, and also had a smooth feeling of feeling without a cold feeling at the initial stage of walking stoppage.

(example 8)

235dtex polyurethane elastic yarn obtained in the same manner as in example 4 and 55dtex-12 nylon 6 filament yarn were combined and knitted into a 4C-warp plain-knit fabric using a Raschel warp knitting machine (RSE-4N/130-inch wide 28 gauge sheet) manufactured by カ - ルマィャ. The gray fabric was subjected to a usual dyeing and finishing process to obtain a gray fabric having a warp density of 118C/2.54cm and a weft density of 39W/2.54 cm. The elastic yarn content of the knitted fabric was 22 mass%. The bound tripe is made by using the grey cloth as clothing material. The properties of the knitted fabric are shown in table 2. The band was worn under an environment of 10 ℃ and 40% RH, and the walking and the resting sitting were repeated 2 times in 10 minutes, and the evaluation results showed that the band had a warm and stuffy feeling of wearing during walking, no cooling feeling at the initial stage of walking stoppage, and a smooth feeling.

(example 9)

A blank fabric having a 6C elastic mesh warp knitting structure was knitted by using a Raschel knitting machine (RSE-4N/130-inch wide, 28 gauge sheet) manufactured by カ - ルマィャ -and combining 310dtex polyurethane elastic yarn obtained in the same manner as in example 4 with 78dtex-24 filament yarn of nylon 6. The gray fabric was subjected to a usual dyeing and finishing process to obtain a gray fabric having a warp density of 53C/2.54cm and a weft density of 33W/2.54 cm. The elastic yarn content of the knitted fabric was 25% by mass. The clothing was used to produce a gray fabric on the side. The properties of the knitted fabric are shown in table 2. When the brassiere was worn under an environment of 10 ℃ and 40% RH and the walking and the quiet sitting were repeated 2 times in 10 minutes, the evaluation results showed that the brassiere had a warm and stuffy feeling of wearing during walking, no cold feeling at the initial stage of walking stoppage, and a smooth feeling.

Comparative example 3

A knitted fabric was obtained in the same manner as in example 4 using 44dtex polyurethane elastic yarn obtained in the same manner as in example 4 except that the high hygroscopic organic fine particles were not added, and underwear was produced in the same manner as in example 4 using this fabric as a garment. The elastic yarn content of the knitted fabric was 25% by mass. The properties of the knitted fabric are shown in table 2. When the underwear was worn under an environment of 10 ℃ and 40% RH and the walking and the resting sitting were repeated for 10 minutes, the evaluation results showed that the underwear was cold in the initial walking stage and hot in the later stage, and the underwear had a cold feeling in the initial walking stop stage, which was not satisfactory.

TABLE 2

	Peak exothermic temperature		Temperature rise rate (DEG C/min)	Antibacterial property	Deodorizing property
	Peak exothermic temperature				Deodorizing property			Before washing	After washing	Ammonia	Acetic acid	Isovaleric acid
	Example 4	37℃			37℃	15	3.1	Before washing	After washing	Ammonia	Acetic acid	Isovaleric acid	82％	81％	90％
Example 5	Example 4	37℃	36℃	36℃	37℃	15	3.1	9	2.7	78％	79％	85％	82％	81％	90％
Example 5	Example 6	37℃	36℃	36℃	37℃	12	2.9	9	2.7	78％	79％	85％	80％	80％	88％
Example 7	Example 6	37℃	36℃	36℃	37℃	12	2.9	10	2.5	72％	74％	82％	80％	80％	88％
Example 7	Example 8	37℃	36℃	36℃	37℃	12	3.0	10	2.5	72％	74％	82％	81％	79％	86％
Example 9	Example 8	37℃	37℃	37℃	37℃	12	3.0	14	3.2	83％	80％	92％	81％	79％	86％
Example 9	Comparative example 3	33℃	37℃	37℃	33℃	3	0.3	14	3.2	83％	80％	92％	10％	2％	3％

Examples 10 and 11 and comparative examples 4 to 6 mainly describe examples and comparative examples relating to stockings.

(example 10)

Then, 13% by weight of high moisture absorption and drainage organic fine particles having an average particle diameter of 0.5 μm (measured by a light scattering photometer) and a degree of swelling of 80% obtained by crosslinking a raw material fine particle aqueous dispersion composed of acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, sodium p-styrenesulfonate and water with hydrazine and hydrolyzing with NaOH were added to the above polyurethane polymer solution and mixed to prepare a spinning dope.

The dope was defoamed, discharged from a spinneret having an aperture of 0.5mm, extruded in a spinning tube into which heated air of 235 ℃ flowed, and wound at a speed of 550 m/min with 5% OWF added. The obtained yarn was heat-treated at 40 ℃ for 72 hours to obtain a polyurethane elastic fiber of 22dtex, 2 filaments for post-processing. The maximum heat release of the obtained polyurethane elastic yarn was 3 ℃, the moisture absorption rate at 20 ℃ x 65% RH was 4.8%, and the moisture absorption rate at 20 ℃ x 95% RH was 6.4%.

The obtained elastic yarn was wound with yarns of 8dtex and 5fil, which are normal drawn nylon 6 yarns, and the core yarn draft during core covering was set to 3.3, the number of first twists/m was 2900, and the number of second twists/m was 2450, respectively, to produce a double core yarn.

The core-spun yarn is supplied to a 4-port pantyhose knitting machine (the caliber is 4 inches, the number of knitting needles is 400) for knitting, and then a series of post-processing such as pre-shaping, cutting, sewing, dyeing processing, final shaping and the like are carried out to obtain the pantyhose. The evaluation results of the moisture absorption and heat release characteristics, antibacterial performance, deodorizing performance, frictional electrostatic voltage, and half-life of electrostatic voltage of the stockings are shown in table 3. The wearing test was repeated 2 times in 10 minute units under walking and keeping a quiet posture in an environment of 20 ℃ and 65% RH using the pantyhose, and 10 test persons all felt more comfortable than the pantyhose obtained in comparative example 4 as a result of evaluation.

(example 11)

Pantyhose were obtained in the same manner as in example 10, except that the core spun yarn obtained in example 10 and the nylon 6 false twist yarn of 22dtex and 6fil were arranged in 1 course (court). The evaluation results of the moisture absorption and heat release characteristics, antibacterial performance, deodorizing performance, frictional electrostatic voltage, and half-life of electrostatic voltage of the stockings are shown in table 3. The wearing test was repeated 2 times for 10 minutes each of walking and resting posture using the pantyhose under an environment of 20 ℃ and 65% RH, and it was evaluated that 9 out of 10 test persons were comfortable compared with the pantyhose obtained in comparative example 4.

Comparative example 4

Pantyhose were obtained in the same manner as in example 10 except that the spinning dope was prepared without adding the organic fine particles having high moisture absorption and release properties. The evaluation results of the moisture absorption and heat release characteristics, antibacterial performance, deodorizing performance, frictional electrostatic voltage, and half-life of electrostatic voltage of the stockings are shown in table 3. The wearing test was repeated 2 times using the pantyhose each for 10 minutes of walking and keeping a quiet posture at 20 ℃ and 65% RH, and it was evaluated that 10 out of 10 test persons felt discomfort compared with the pantyhose obtained in example 10.

Comparative example 5

Pantyhose were obtained in the same manner as in example 10 except that the highly moisture absorbing and releasing organic fine particles were added to and mixed with 3 wt% of the polyurethane polymer solution to prepare a spinning dope. The evaluation results of the moisture absorption and heat release characteristics, antibacterial performance, deodorizing performance, frictional electrostatic voltage, and half-life of electrostatic voltage of the stockings are shown in table 3. The wearing test was repeated 2 times using the pantyhose each for 10 minutes of walking and keeping a quiet posture at 20 ℃ and 65% RH, and the evaluation result was that 8 out of 10 test persons felt discomfort compared with the pantyhose obtained in example 10.

Comparative example 6

A mixture of the high moisture absorbing and releasing organic fine particles used in example 10, water-soluble polyurethane (ェラストロン W-33; manufactured by first Industrial pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., solid content 30%) and a catalyst (キャタシスト 64; manufactured by first Industrial pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.). in a ratio of 200: 33: 10 was fixed to the pantyhose obtained in comparative example 4 by roll baking so that the high moisture absorbing and releasing organic fine particles became 5% by weight. The evaluation results of the moisture absorption and heat release characteristics, antibacterial performance, deodorizing performance, frictional electrostatic voltage, and half-life of electrostatic voltage of the stockings are shown in table 3. The hygroscopic exothermic property before washing showed excellent performance, but the performance after repeating washing 10 times was extremely lowered. In addition, the wearing test of the stockings before washing was carried out in the same manner as in example 10, and 3 out of 10 persons who participated in the test felt sticky during exercise.

TABLE 3

			Example 10	Example 11	Comparative example 4	Comparative example 5	Comparative example 6
			Example 10	Example 11	Comparative example 4	Comparative example 5	Comparative example 6	Peak exothermic temperature	Before washing		37℃	35℃	33℃	34℃	38℃
After washing		37℃	35℃	33℃	34℃	34℃			Before washing		37℃	35℃	33℃	34℃	38℃
After washing		37℃	35℃	33℃	34℃	34℃	Temperature rise rate (DEG C/min)			15	9	3	6	18
Antibacterial property (bacteriostatic activity value)			3.1	2.7	0.3	1.2	Temperature rise rate (DEG C/min)			15	9	3	6	18	3.0
Antibacterial property (bacteriostatic activity value)			3.1	2.7	0.3	1.2	Deodorant (before washing)		Ammonia	94％	92％	10％	65％	83％	3.0
Acetic acid	93％	92％	2％	68％	84％				Ammonia	94％	92％	10％	65％	83％
Acetic acid	93％	92％	2％	68％	84％	Isovaleric acid			97％	90％	3％	70％	89％
Deodorant (after washing)		Ammonia	94％	92％	10％	Isovaleric acid			97％	90％	3％	70％	89％	65％	83％
		Ammonia	94％	92％	10％	Acetic acid	92％	90％	2％	68％	84％			65％	83％
		Isovaleric acid	90％	88％	3％	Acetic acid	92％	90％	2％	68％	84％	70％	89％
		Isovaleric acid	90％	88％	3％	Frictional static voltage (V)			900	1270	5900	70％	89％	3320	880
Half-life (second)			11.8	20.3	171.8	Frictional static voltage (V)			900	1270	5900	130.8	16.8	3320	880

Examples 12 and 13 and comparative example 7 mainly describe examples and comparative examples relating to a woven fabric containing a large amount of long fibers.

(example 12)

To the polyurethane polymer solution thus obtained, 4 wt% of a polymer having N-butylamine/N, N-dimethylhydrazine blocked at the terminal, a benzotriazole compound, and a hindered phenol compound were added and mixed.

A21-capacity autoclave was charged with 490 parts by weight of acrylonitrile, 16 parts by weight of sodium p-styrenesulfonate and 1181 parts by weight of water, and further charged with 0.5% by weight, based on the total amount of monomers, of a polymerization initiator di-t-butyl peroxide, followed by sealing and polymerization at 150 ℃ for 23 minutes under stirring. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was cooled to about 90 ℃ while continuing stirring, to obtain an aqueous dispersion of fine raw material particles having an average particle diameter of 0.2 μm.

To the aqueous dispersion of the raw material fine particles, hydrazine was added so that the concentration in the bath became 35% by weight, and crosslinking treatment was performed at 102 ℃ for 2.5 hours.

Subsequently, NaOH was added so that the bath concentration became 10 wt%, and after hydrolysis treatment at 102 ℃ for 5 hours, the resulting mixture was put into a fiber tube and dialyzed and desalted under running water for 1 week to obtain an aqueous dispersion of the target hygroscopic and exothermic fine particles. The resulting microparticles were dried at 105 ℃.

The fine particles thus obtained had a concentration of the salt-type carboxyl group of 4.5mmol/g and an average particle diameter of 0.5. mu.m. And is a high moisture-absorbing fine particle having a degree of swelling of 80%.

The fine particles obtained in the above step were added and mixed in an amount of 13 wt% based on the polyurethane polymer solution obtained above to prepare a spinning dope.

The dope was defoamed, discharged from a spinneret having an aperture of 0.5mm, extruded in a spinning tube into which heated air of 235 ℃ flowed, and wound at a speed of 550 m/min with 5% OWF added. The obtained yarn was heat-treated at 40 ℃ for 72 hours to obtain 44dtex, 4-filament polyurethane elastic fiber to be subjected to post-processing.

The obtained elastic yarn was drafted by 3 times, and 84dtex, 36 filaments of polyester 1-grade false twist yarn were wound at 800T/m to prepare an elastic core-spun yarn. The blend ratio of the polyurethane elastic yarn was 13.7% by weight.

The warp-faced satin weave fabric was obtained by alternately arranging 55dtex or 36 filaments of the spontaneous-elongation mixed filaments at a density of 286/2.54 cm as warp yarns and 1-stage false twist yarn of the composite elastic yarn and the polyester filament obtained in the step (c) at a density of 100/2.54 cm as weft yarns in a unit of 1 yarn.

After the fabric was relaxed at 130 ℃ for 90 seconds under dry heat using a short-loop relaxation finishing machine, desizing and refining were performed using a flow dyeing machine, and the fabric was set at 195 ℃ for 30 seconds using a tenter. The cloth was treated with 30g/L aqueous sodium hydroxide solution at 95 ℃ for 45 minutes, resulting in a 12% loss. Followed by staining with fluorescent white dye at 120 ℃ for 50 minutes.

The obtained fabric was high-grade fabric having high whiteness, soft touch, stretchability in the transverse direction, and recovery properties. For these reasons, the fabric is suitable for use in jackets.

(example 13)

While the 78dtex polyurethane elastic yarn obtained by the same method as in example 12 was drafted by 3.3 times, the polyester false twist yarn 165dtex and 48 filaments were covered with a double twist number of 800T/m and wound up to obtain an elastic core yarn.

A mixed filament 165dtex, 48 filament yarn of regular polyester false twist yarn and cationic dyeable polyester yarn of 116 pieces/2.54 cm was arranged as warp yarn, and the elastic covering yarn of 55 pieces/2.54 cm was arranged as weft yarn, to obtain a 3/1 twill weave fabric.

The fabric is obtained by refining, presetting, disperse dyeing and final setting through a conventional method. The resulting cloth was a cloth with a pattern and look appearance that was stretchable in the weft direction.

Comparative example 7

A twill weave fabric was obtained in the same manner as in example 13, except that no fine particles were contained.

The measurement results of the constant load elongation, the constant load elongation recovery rate, and the fabric surface rising temperature at the time of moisture absorption of the fabrics obtained in examples 12 and 13 and comparative example 7 are shown in table 4 below.

TABLE 4

	Constant load elongation	Constant load elongation recovery	Rising temperature of cloth surface
	Constant load elongation	Constant load elongation recovery	Rising temperature of cloth surface	Example 12	35％	85％	3℃
Example 13	25％	92％	1.5℃	Example 12	35％	85％	3℃
Example 13	25％	92％	1.5℃	Comparative example 7	25％	95％	0.5℃

When the upper outer garment for tennis using the fabric obtained in example 12 was worn in a gym in winter, the initial warming-up effect was remarkable. There is no stuffy feeling after that and it is possible to warm up comfortably. Further, no dew condensation due to moisture was found in the clothes after the peeling.

When the fabric obtained in example 13 was used to produce panties, panties suitable for golf were produced. When the woman trousers are worn in the early winter for playing golf, the woman trousers feel warm in the morning and are not sultry when the air temperature rises in the afternoon, and the woman trousers show comfortable wearing feeling.

Panties were made using the fabric obtained from comparative example 7. When the woman trousers are worn in winter for playing golf, the woman trousers are cool at the beginning of morning, feel stuffy when sweating in the daytime and feel cold shortly after playing golf.

From the above results, it can be seen that the comfort as a warm-up garment for the outside is poor when the fine particles of the present invention are not contained and the rising temperature of the fabric surface is less than 1 ℃ at the time of moisture absorption.

On the contrary, it is found that the fabric of the present invention having a constant load elongation of 15% or more, a constant load elongation recovery rate of 35% or more, and a fabric surface rising temperature of 1 ℃ or more at the time of moisture absorption is warm and not stuffy or dewed at the time of cold outdoor exercise, and can be made into comfortable clothes.

Examples 14, 15 and comparative example 8 mainly describe examples and comparative examples relating to fabrics containing a large amount of short fibers.

(example 14)

The roving yarn composed of a cotton fiber having an average fiber length of 26mm was drawn 48 times between the front roller and the rear roller, and the polyurethane elastic yarn 44dtex and 4 filaments were drawn 3.5 times and supplied to the front roller, and the spun yarn was wound on a fine spinning pirn with a twist factor of 4.2 to obtain a 40-cotton count core-sheath composite spun yarn. The blend ratio of the polyurethane elastic fiber was 8.6%.

The cotton yarn 40 was arranged at a density of 90 pieces/2.54 cm as a warp yarn, and the composite spun yarn obtained in (c) was arranged at a density of 70 pieces/2.54 cm as a weft yarn, to obtain a plain-weave fabric.

The cloth was subjected to singeing, desizing, scouring, bleaching, mercerizing, further stretched by 3% in the width direction at 170 ℃ and stretched by 5% in the warp direction to be set by a usual continuous refining process. And finally, mechanically shrink-proof (sanforize) processing the mulberry breadth. Bleaching was carried out using 35% aqueous hydrogen peroxide (25g/L) at 95 ℃ for 40 minutes.

The obtained fabric has high whiteness, soft touch, high elasticity in the transverse direction, recovery property and high-grade feeling.

(example 15)

While the 78dtex polyurethane elastic yarn obtained by the same method as in example 14 was drafted by 3.3 times, it was fed to a front roller, and wound on a worsted cop with a twist multiplier of 4.2, to obtain a core-sheath composite spun yarn with a count of 30 cotton. The blend ratio of the elastic fiber was 12.0%.

The composite spun yarn was arranged at a density of 65 pieces/2.54 cm for the warp yarn and at a density of 60 pieces/2.54 cm for the weft yarn, thereby obtaining a twill weave fabric.

The cloth was desized, refined, bleached, mercerized, and further stretched at 170 ℃ in the width direction by 3% and in the warp direction by 5% to be set by a usual continuous refining process. And finally, mechanically shrink-proof processing of the mulberry breadth. Bleaching was carried out using 35% aqueous hydrogen peroxide (25g/L) at 95 ℃ for 40 minutes. The obtained fabric has high whiteness, soft touch, high elasticity in the transverse direction, recovery property and high-grade feeling.

Comparative example 8

A plain-woven fabric was produced in the same manner as in example 14 except that no fine particles were contained, and was subjected to a refining treatment in the same manner as in example 14.

The results of measuring the constant load elongation, the constant load elongation recovery, the fabric surface temperature rise upon moisture absorption, and the hairiness density of the fabric surface length of 1mm or more of the fabrics obtained in examples 14 and 15 and comparative example 8 are shown in table 5 below.

TABLE 5

	Constant load elongation	Constant load elongation recovery	Rising temperature of cloth surface	Density of hairiness on cloth surface
	Constant load elongation	Constant load elongation recovery	Rising temperature of cloth surface	Density of hairiness on cloth surface	Example 14	25％	45％	1℃	12 roots/cm²
Example 15	18％	48％	0.7℃	43 roots/cm²	Example 14	25％	45％	1℃	12 roots/cm²
Example 15	18％	48％	0.7℃	43 roots/cm²	Comparative example 8	18％	49％	0.0℃	16 roots/cm²

When a western-style shirt was sewn using the fabric obtained in example 14, a shirt rich in gloss, excellent in stretchability, and good in wearing feeling was obtained.

When a white coat was sewn using the fabric obtained in example 15, nurse clothes having rich luster, excellent stretchability, and good wearing feeling were obtained.

The fabric had an antibacterial performance of 1.8 when the antibacterial performance was evaluated by the antibacterial activity value according to the SEK unified test method specified by the association of hygienic processing of fiber products. Further, as a result of confirming the deodorizing performance in the above-mentioned manner, the deodorizing rate of 3L of the malodorous gas per 1g of the fabric sample was 68% for ammonia and 72% for acetic acid.

When a western-style shirt was sewn using the fabric obtained in comparative example 8, the shirt was generally comfortable to wear, but was cool when it was inactive after sweating.

Further, various clothes sewn using the fabrics of examples 14 and 15 were soft and warm, and a natural appearance was obtained.

Industrial applicability of the invention

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an elastic fiber which can be made into a stretchable fabric having a thin and light weight, a high heat retaining property, and comfort and beauty. Further, it is possible to provide elastic clothing which has good post-processing passability, excellent heat resistance, and which can evaporate water vapor generated by perspiration during exercise quickly from the skin without causing stuffiness.

The present invention relates to a knitted fabric which is excellent in moisture absorption, has a heat-releasing and warming effect at the initial stage of moisture absorption, has an enhanced warming-up effect, is comfortable to wear without a sticky feeling due to rapid cooling after stopping sweating, and is a high-shrinkage knitted fabric having both hygienic properties such as antibacterial property, deodorizing property, pH buffering property and antistatic property.

The invention relating to the stocking can provide the stocking which has excellent moisture absorption, heat release and heating effects in the initial stage of moisture absorption, does not generate sticky feeling due to rapid cooling after stopping sweating, has excellent comfortable washing resistance, and also has sanitary performance such as antibacterial performance, deodorization performance, pH buffer performance and antistatic performance.

In the invention of the fabric, it is possible to provide a garment having a warming effect and at the same time being easy to move, and a stretch fabric suitable for use therein. In addition, it also has antibacterial, deodorant, pH buffering, and antistatic effects. The fabric has the properties of absorbing moisture and releasing heat, and simultaneously has the property of allowing moisture to permeate. The fabric has a low moisture absorption and discharge speed and a high moisture absorption level as compared with cotton fabric or wool fabric, and as a result, can prevent the sticky feeling and dew condensation in clothes and can stably and continuously release heat for a long time.

The fabric of the present invention mainly containing a large amount of long fibers is suitable as a raw material for sportswear, winter underwear, and the like.

On the other hand, in the case of a fabric mainly containing a large amount of short fibers, the fabric has the properties of the above fabric, and also contains short fibers in addition to the elastic yarns, so that a warm feeling due to the presence of hairiness on the surface can be obtained, and the fabric is soft to the touch and has a natural appearance. The fabric of the present invention containing a large amount of short fibers has these properties in combination, and is therefore suitable as a raw material for work clothes, office uniforms, sanitary wear, work-wear style clothes, general midwear, and the like.

Claims

2. The elastic fiber according to claim 1, wherein the moisture absorption rate at 20 ℃ x 65% RH is 0.5% or more, and the moisture absorption rate at 20 ℃ x 95% RH is 1.5% or more.

3. The elastic fiber as claimed in claim 1, satisfying the following formulas (1) and (2),

PSD(％)≥60％………………………………………(1)

PSW(％)≤75％………………………………………(2)

wherein PSD represents the dry heat setting rate after treatment at 190 ℃ for 1 minute under the conditions of 100% elongation and dry heat, and PSW represents the wet heat setting rate after continuous treatment at 130 ℃ for 60 minutes under the conditions of 100% elongation and wet heat after temperature rise from 40 ℃ to 130 ℃ for 60 minutes under the conditions of 100% elongation and wet heat.

4. The elastic fiber according to claim 1, which contains organic and/or inorganic fine particles having high moisture absorption and desorption properties.

5. The elastic fiber according to claim 1, wherein the fine particles are organic and/or inorganic fine particles having an average particle diameter of 20 μm or less, a degree of swelling of 200% or less, a moisture regain at 20 ℃ C. × 65% RH of 30% or more, and the fine particles are contained in an amount of 0.2 to 50% by weight based on the weight of the fiber.

6. The elastic fiber according to claim 1, wherein the fine particles are organic and/or inorganic high moisture absorbing and discharging particles, and at least 1 kind of the fine particles is fine particles of organic high moisture absorbing and discharging particles having a structure of a crosslinked structure introduced by treatment with hydrazine, divinylbenzene or triallyl isocyanurate to a polymer of acrylonitrile containing 50% by weight or more of acrylonitrile, and having a residual nitrile group chemically converted into a salt-type carboxyl group by hydrolysis and containing 1.0mmol/g or more of the salt-type carboxyl group.

7. A woven or knitted fabric, characterized in that the elastic fiber described in claim 1 is used at least partially.

9. The knitted fabric having high stretchability as claimed in claim 8, wherein the elastic fiber is the elastic fiber as claimed in claim 1.

10. The knitted fabric having high stretchability as claimed in claim 8, wherein the elastic fiber is the elastic fiber as claimed in claim 4.

11. A method for producing a highly stretchable knitted fabric, characterized in that the elastic fiber drawn side of claim 1 is combined with synthetic filaments, and the combined filaments are then interlaced with each other by a circular knitting machine alone or together with other filaments.

12. A method for producing a highly stretchable knitted fabric, characterized in that the bare yarn of the elastic fiber described in claim 1 is used in a back guide bar, the synthetic filament is used in a front guide bar, and knitting is performed by a warp knitting machine.

14. The stretch knitted fabric according to claim 13, wherein the elastic yarn is formed of the elastic fiber according to claim 1.

15. The stretch knitted fabric according to claim 13, wherein the elastic yarn is formed of the elastic fiber according to claim 4.

16. The stretch knitted fabric according to claim 13, wherein the non-elastic fiber is at least 1 fiber selected from the group consisting of polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, and cellulose fibers.

17. The stretch knitted fabric according to claim 13, having antibacterial and deodorant properties.

18. The stretch knitted fabric according to claim 13, wherein the elastic yarn is a bare yarn of polyurethane or a composite elastic yarn thereof.

21. A stocking as claimed in claim 20, wherein the elastic filament is formed of an elastic fiber as claimed in claim 1.

22. A stocking as claimed in claim 20, wherein the elastic filament is formed of an elastic fiber as claimed in claim 4.

23. A stocking as claimed in claim 20 having antibacterial, deodorant properties.

24. A stocking as claimed in claim 20 wherein the ammonia has a deodorising rate of above 70%.

25. A stocking as claimed in claim 20, wherein acetic acid has a deodorizing rate of 70% or more.

26. A stocking as claimed in claim 20, wherein isovaleric acid has a deodorization ratio of above 70%.

27. A stocking as claimed in claim 20 wherein the deodorization ratio is 70% or more for each of the pre-washing and post-washing relative to 1 or more selected from the group consisting of ammonia, acetic acid and isovaleric acid.

28. A stocking as claimed in claim 20, wherein the tribostatic voltage is below 2500V.

29. The stocking according to claim 20, wherein a half-life measured in a half-life of the antistatic property according to JIS-L-1094 is 50 seconds or less.

30. A stocking, as set forth in claim 20, characterized in that the front and back sides of the knitted fabric constituting the stocking are mainly covered with synthetic fibers, the synthetic fibers have substantially no high moisture absorption and discharge particles on the surface thereof, the elastic yarn constituting the stocking contains 0.2 to 50% by weight of the high moisture absorption and discharge particles, and the elastic yarn is incorporated in 20% by weight or more of the knitted fabric.

31. A woven fabric comprising a composite yarn of inelastic fibers and elastic fibers, characterized in that the constant load elongation is 15% or more and the constant load elongation recovery is 35% or more, and the fabric surface temperature rise upon moisture absorption is 1 ℃ or more.

32. A fabric as claimed in claim 31 wherein the elastic fibres are as claimed in claim 1.

33. A fabric as claimed in claim 31 wherein the elastic fibres are as claimed in claim 4.

34. A fabric as claimed in claim 31, wherein the non-elastic fibres of the composite filaments and/or the fibres other than the composite filaments constituting the fabric are filaments composed of polyester-based filaments and/or polyamide-based filaments.

35. A fabric as claimed in claim 31 wherein the non-elastic fibres of the composite filaments and/or the fibres other than the composite filaments of the fabric are bulked yarns.

36. A fabric as claimed in claim 31 wherein the non-elastic fibres of the composite filaments and/or the fibres other than the composite filaments comprising the fabric are latent differential filament blend filaments.

37. A garment comprising, at least in part, the fabric of claim 31.

38. A garment as claimed in claim 37, which is any one of a sports garment, an undergarment, a general garment, a cold-proof lining or a cold-proof lining.

40. A fabric as claimed in claim 39 wherein the elastic fibres are as claimed in claim 1.

41. A fabric as claimed in claim 39 wherein the elastic fibres are as claimed in claim 4.

42. A fabric as claimed in claim 39 wherein the non-elastic fibres forming the composite filaments and/or the fibres other than the composite filaments forming the fabric are filaments comprising staple fibres.

43. A fabric as claimed in claim 39 wherein the non-elastic fibres forming the composite filaments and/or the fibres other than the composite filaments forming the fabric are filaments comprising staple fibres, the filaments comprising staple fibres being cotton or a blend of cotton and wool.

44. A garment comprising, at least in part, the fabric of claim 39.

45. A garment as claimed in claim 44, which is any one of a coverall, office uniform, sanitary garment, coverall style garment or centre garment in general.