HK1013967A1 - Post-treatment of laminated nonwoven webs - Google Patents
Post-treatment of laminated nonwoven websInfo
- Publication number
- HK1013967A1 HK1013967A1 HK98115152A HK98115152A HK1013967A1 HK 1013967 A1 HK1013967 A1 HK 1013967A1 HK 98115152 A HK98115152 A HK 98115152A HK 98115152 A HK98115152 A HK 98115152A HK 1013967 A1 HK1013967 A1 HK 1013967A1
- Authority
- HK
- Hong Kong
- Prior art keywords
- post
- treatment
- nonwoven webs
- laminated nonwoven
- laminated
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
- B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
- B01D39/163—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin sintered or bonded
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
- B03C3/28—Plant or installations without electricity supply, e.g. using electrets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
- B29C55/04—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique
- B29C55/06—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique parallel with the direction of feed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/559—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving the fibres being within layered webs
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/56—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C3/00—Stretching, tentering or spreading textile fabrics; Producing elasticity in textile fabrics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0414—Surface modifiers, e.g. comprising ion exchange groups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0435—Electret
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0471—Surface coating material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
- B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
- B01D2239/0622—Melt-blown
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
- B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
- B01D2239/0627—Spun-bonded
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
- B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
- B01D2239/1216—Pore size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
- B01D2239/1233—Fibre diameter
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C3/00—Stretching, tentering or spreading textile fabrics; Producing elasticity in textile fabrics
- D06C3/06—Stretching, tentering or spreading textile fabrics; Producing elasticity in textile fabrics by rotary disc, roller, or like apparatus
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S55/00—Gas separation
- Y10S55/05—Methods of making filter
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S55/00—Gas separation
- Y10S55/39—Electrets separator
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/095,932 US5443606A (en) | 1992-03-26 | 1993-07-22 | Post-treatment of laminated nonwoven cellulosic fiber webs |
PCT/US1994/008329 WO1995003114A1 (en) | 1993-07-22 | 1994-07-22 | Post-treatment of laminated nonwoven cellulosic fiber webs |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
HK1013967A1 true HK1013967A1 (en) | 1999-09-17 |
Family
ID=22254254
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
HK98115152A HK1013967A1 (en) | 1993-07-22 | 1998-12-23 | Post-treatment of laminated nonwoven webs |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5443606A (xx) |
EP (1) | EP0719172B1 (xx) |
JP (2) | JP3628326B2 (xx) |
CN (1) | CN1045546C (xx) |
AU (1) | AU7371794A (xx) |
CA (5) | CA2167836C (xx) |
DE (1) | DE69430377T2 (xx) |
HK (1) | HK1013967A1 (xx) |
WO (1) | WO1995003114A1 (xx) |
Families Citing this family (75)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5441550A (en) * | 1992-03-26 | 1995-08-15 | The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation | Post-treatment of laminated nonwoven cellulosic fiber webs |
US5443606A (en) * | 1992-03-26 | 1995-08-22 | The University Of Tennessee Reserch Corporation | Post-treatment of laminated nonwoven cellulosic fiber webs |
US5686050A (en) * | 1992-10-09 | 1997-11-11 | The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation | Method and apparatus for the electrostatic charging of a web or film |
CA2124237C (en) | 1994-02-18 | 2004-11-02 | Bernard Cohen | Improved nonwoven barrier and method of making the same |
CA2136576C (en) | 1994-06-27 | 2005-03-08 | Bernard Cohen | Improved nonwoven barrier and method of making the same |
WO1996017569A2 (en) | 1994-12-08 | 1996-06-13 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Method of forming a particle size gradient in an absorbent article |
CA2153278A1 (en) | 1994-12-30 | 1996-07-01 | Bernard Cohen | Nonwoven laminate barrier material |
US5955174A (en) * | 1995-03-28 | 1999-09-21 | The University Of Tennessee Research Corporation | Composite of pleated and nonwoven webs |
DE19517763C2 (de) * | 1995-05-15 | 2003-06-05 | Rhodia Acetow Gmbh | Formkörper aus Verbundmaterial auf der Basis von Celluloseacetat und verstärkenden natürlichen Cellulosefasern und dessen Verwendung |
WO1996037276A1 (en) | 1995-05-25 | 1996-11-28 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Filter matrix |
CA2197978A1 (en) | 1995-06-19 | 1996-12-20 | Paul D. Spence | Discharge methods and electrodes for generating plasmas at one atmosphere of pressure, and materials treated therewith |
ZA965786B (en) | 1995-07-19 | 1997-01-27 | Kimberly Clark Co | Nonwoven barrier and method of making the same |
US6139883A (en) * | 1995-07-29 | 2000-10-31 | J. R. Crompton Limited | Porous web material |
JPH09117624A (ja) * | 1995-10-25 | 1997-05-06 | Chisso Corp | フィルター |
US5834384A (en) | 1995-11-28 | 1998-11-10 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Nonwoven webs with one or more surface treatments |
US6051177A (en) * | 1996-03-11 | 2000-04-18 | Ward; Gregory F. | Thermo-mechanical modification of nonwoven webs |
US5714067A (en) * | 1996-04-02 | 1998-02-03 | Sorrick; Charles H. | High efficiency and high capacity filter media |
US5667562A (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 1997-09-16 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Spunbond vacuum cleaner webs |
DE19642958C2 (de) * | 1996-10-17 | 1998-08-20 | Corovin Gmbh | Mehrschichtiges Vlies |
EP0844323A1 (en) | 1996-11-22 | 1998-05-27 | Flexus Specialty Nonwovens L.t.d. | Thermo-mechanical modification of non-woven webs |
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US6537930B1 (en) | 2000-05-18 | 2003-03-25 | Tredegar Film Products Corporation | Three-dimensional highly elastic film/non-woven composite |
US7179951B2 (en) | 2000-06-21 | 2007-02-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent barrier structures having a high convective air flow rate and articles made therefrom |
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-
1993
- 1993-07-22 US US08/095,932 patent/US5443606A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-07-22 CA CA002167836A patent/CA2167836C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-07-22 AU AU73717/94A patent/AU7371794A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-07-22 CA CA002460084A patent/CA2460084C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-07-22 CA CA002460108A patent/CA2460108C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-07-22 CA CA002460104A patent/CA2460104C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-07-22 DE DE69430377T patent/DE69430377T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-07-22 EP EP94922702A patent/EP0719172B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-07-22 CA CA002460078A patent/CA2460078C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-07-22 CN CN94193373A patent/CN1045546C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-07-22 JP JP50535695A patent/JP3628326B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-07-22 WO PCT/US1994/008329 patent/WO1995003114A1/en active IP Right Grant
-
1995
- 1995-08-22 US US08/517,917 patent/US5599366A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-12-23 HK HK98115152A patent/HK1013967A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2004
- 2004-03-26 JP JP2004091393A patent/JP2004284365A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2004284365A (ja) | 2004-10-14 |
CA2460108C (en) | 2005-04-12 |
JP3628326B2 (ja) | 2005-03-09 |
WO1995003114A1 (en) | 1995-02-02 |
CA2460108A1 (en) | 1995-02-02 |
CN1130879A (zh) | 1996-09-11 |
AU7371794A (en) | 1995-02-20 |
US5599366A (en) | 1997-02-04 |
CA2460084C (en) | 2005-04-12 |
CA2167836C (en) | 2005-03-22 |
CA2460078A1 (en) | 1995-02-02 |
CA2460084A1 (en) | 1995-02-02 |
US5443606A (en) | 1995-08-22 |
CA2460104A1 (en) | 1995-02-02 |
CA2460078C (en) | 2005-03-22 |
EP0719172A4 (en) | 1999-01-07 |
CA2167836A1 (en) | 1995-02-02 |
EP0719172B1 (en) | 2002-04-10 |
CA2460104C (en) | 2005-04-12 |
EP0719172A1 (en) | 1996-07-03 |
CN1045546C (zh) | 1999-10-13 |
JPH09500694A (ja) | 1997-01-21 |
DE69430377T2 (de) | 2002-08-14 |
DE69430377D1 (de) | 2002-05-16 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PF | Patent in force | ||
PC | Patent ceased (i.e. patent has lapsed due to the failure to pay the renewal fee) |
Effective date: 20110722 |