GB829064A - Catalysis of phosphosulfurization reactions - Google Patents

Abstract

Hydrocarbons are phosphosulphurized by reacting them with a phosphorus sulphide or a mixture of phosphorus and sulphur at elevated temperature in the presence of a catalytic amount, in the range 0.001 to 0.1% by weight based on the total reactants, of glycerine or a compound which is an aliphatic alcohol or a phenol and has 4 to 32 carbon atoms. Suitable hydrocarbons are those having a molecular weight of 300 to 100,000, e.g. C2 to C10 monoolefin polymers (see Group IV(a)) and petroleum bright stocks boiling above 700 DEG F. The petroleum bright stocks may be obtained by topping crude oils and extracting or deasphalting the residues to obtain material having viscosities above 100 S.U.S. at 210 DEG F., viscosity indices above 80, and initial boiling points above 700 DEG F. Bright stocks from catalytic cracking cycle stocks may also be used. The alcohols and phenols (including alkylated phenols) may contain one or more hydroxy groups and may contain other substituent groups, e.g. -COOH, -NH2, or -NO2, that do not interfere with their catalytic properties. Specified hydroxy compounds are m-butyl alcohol, diethylene glycol, C10 to C18 aliphatic monohydric alcohols, glycerine, C32 Guerbet alcohol and phenol. The preferred phosphorus sulphide is phosphorus pentasulphide and phosphosulphurization is generally effected at between 350 DEG and 600 DEG F., preferably in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, e.g. under a blanket of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, or helium.ALSO:C2-C10 mono-olefin polymers having a molecular weight of 500 to 100,000, are phosphosulphurized by reacting them with a phosphorus sulphide, especially phosphorus pentasulphide, or a mixture of phosphorus and sulphur at elevated temperature in the presence of a catalytic amount, in the range of 0.001 to 0.1% by weight based on the total reactants, of glycerine or a compound which is an aliphatic alcohol or a phenol and has 4 to 32 carbon atoms. The alcohols and phenols (which include alkylated phenols) may contain one or more hydroxy groups and may contain other substituent groups, e.g. -COOH, -NH2, or -NO2, that do not interfere with their catalytic properties. Specified hydroxy compounds are n-butyl alcohol, C10 to C10 monohydric aliphatic alcohols, diethylene glycol, phenol, glycerine and C32 Guerbet alcohol. The mon-olefin polymer may be a homopolymer, or a copolymer of a mono-olefin and another olefin, e.g. a vinyl hydrocarbon such as styrene or a diolefine, e.g. isoprene. Specified polymers are polyethylene, polypropylene and polyisobutylene. The phosphosulphurization is generally effected at between 350 DEG and 600 DEG F., preferably in a nonoxidizing atmosphere, e.g. under a blanket of nitrogen, carbon dioxide or helium. An example is given in which polyisobutylene having a molecular weight of 100 (Staudinger) is reacted with P2S5 at 425 DEG F. in an atmosphere of nitrogen and in the presence of (1) a commercial mixture of C14, C12, C16, C18 and C10 alcohols obtained by hydrogenation of coconut oil, (2) n-butyl alcohol, (3) glycerine, (4) phenol, and (5) C32 Guerbet alcohol respectively. The products find application as lubricating oil additives.