GB656517A - Improvements in or relating to the conversion of carbonaceous solids into gaseous orvaporous products - Google Patents

Abstract

656,517. Coking apparatus; gas producers. STANDARD OIL DEVELOPMENT CO. June 4. 1947, No. 14830. Convention date. Sept. 28, 1946. '[Class 55(i)] In the carbonization of finely divided carbonaceous materials, the material in the e carbonization zone is in the form of a dense turbulent bed fluidized by an upwardly flowing gas, the necessary heat being provided by burning, with complete consumption of the oxygen supplied, a gaseous suspension of solid residues, from the carbonization zone, in a combustion zone e separated from the carbonization zone, and passing the combustion gases and entrained solids from the combustion zone to the carbonization zone. As shown, the raw material is supplied from a hopper 201 through a feeder 203 and pipe 205 to the carbonization zone 210. Gaseous or vaporous carbonization products are withdrawn through a gas-solids separator 230 and pipe 236, the solids being returned to the bed 215 through the pipe 232, or discarded through the pipe 234. Coke is withdrawn through the pipe 238 having one or more aeration taps 242 and a flow control valve 244. The combustion chamber 225 is supplied with coke from the carbonization zone 210 by a conveyer, which may be a mechanical conveyer, but which preferably comprises a pipe 218, controlled by a valve 222. and having taps 220 for the admission of an inert gas, such as flue gas or steam, which facilitates the flow of solids through the pipe, and, at the same time, strips the solids of volatile carbonization products which are returned to the carbonization zone. The coke is admitted to an air supply line 224, the air having been preheated by heat exchange with the off-take gases in the pipe 236, and the mixture is delivered to the combustion chamber 225. The combustion chamber 225 may be dispensed with, the pipe 224 being, in this case, dimensioned to serve as a combustion zone. Steam may be supplied to the conical bottom 212 of the chamber 210, to assist in fluidizing the bed 215. The valves 222, 244 and the feeder 203 may be regulated automatically to obtain the desired working temperatures. Specifications 584,386 and 653,495, are referred to. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91, describes an apparatus having a combustion chamber arranged concentrically within the carbonizing chamber and at the lower part thereof, the combustion chamber having a perforated top and an open bottom which communicates with the space below a grid, having adjustable apertures, supporting the fluidized bed in the carbonizing chamber. The bed is fluidized by steam jets in annular pipes arranged concentrically above the grid. The coke flowing through the grid is conveyed by the injector action of an air nozzle into the combustion chamber, and the combustion products pass through the perforations into the fluidized bed. The combustion zone may be used as a carbonization or gasification zone, extraneous fuel being supplied with the air to the zone. In a modification, the combustion zone may be arranged horizontally, or it may comprise tube bundles. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.