GB559329A - Method of treating fibres, yarns or fabrics of glass - Google Patents

Abstract

559,329. Treating glass fibres with liquids; dyeing processes ; coated fabrics. BLEACHERS' ASSOCIATION, Ltd., BARRETT, F. L., and CHARLTON, C. E. H. May 8, 1942, Nos. 6203/42 and 7076/43. [Classes 2 (iii) and 15 (ii)] [Also in Group VIII] Fibres, yarns, or fabrics of glass are coloured by first producing upon the individual fibres a thin, solid, resinous, or cellulosic film not containing added colouring matter but receptive of dyestuffs, and then dyeing or printing them. The film-forming substance may be a natural or synthetic resin, synthetic resin condensate, cellulose ester or ether, or solution from which cellulose may be regenerated. Phenol-formaldehyde, urea- or thiourea-formaldehyde, or polyvinyl resins may be used. The glass fibres may be treated in the form of separate fibres or as yarns, or woven fabrics. A solution of viscose or of cellulose in cuprammonium solution may be used, the cellulose being regenerated and deposited on the glass fibres. A solution of glycol cellulose may be used, the cellulose being precipitated on the fibres. Cellulose acetate or nitrate may be applied as a solution in a volatile solvent. After drying, the cellulose may be regenerated by hydrolysis if desired. The material may be treated with a synthetic resinous intermediate condensate or the components of a synthetic resin and the condensation may be completed in situ, e.g. by heating in presence of a catalyst. Resins of a basic character such as ureaformaldehyde may be used if the glass fibres are to be dyed with acidic dyes. Uniform or local dyeing methods may be used, e.g. resist or discharge dye printing. The thin resinous film may be applied to local areas of a glass fabric to serve as a mordant print. In an example, a solution of a urea-formaldehyde product is obtained by boiling a mixture of urea, formaldehyde, and ammonia solution, cooling, adding a solution of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and diluting with water. Glass fabric is padded with the solution, dried, and baked at 300-350‹ F. The fabric is then dyed with vat, indigosol, hydron, sulphur, direct, acid, basic, or azoic dyes. The affinity for dyes, e.g. those of the acid class, may be improved by incorporating appropriate ingredients in the resin, e.g. di-cyandiamidine. In another example, a resin pre-condensate is obtained by boiling maize starch with dimethylol urea and water for a few minutes. Ammonium phosphate may be added. Glass fabric is padded with the solution, dried, baked, and then dyed. The Provisional Specifications comprise also processes in which the glass fibres are coated with a thin film prior to the application of waterproofing agents such as aluminium salts, fluorescent substances, rayabsorbent substances, or fillers such as starch, china clay, or white pigments.