GB483731A - Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of artificial textile fibres - Google Patents
Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of artificial textile fibresInfo
- Publication number
- GB483731A GB483731A GB23053/36A GB2305336A GB483731A GB 483731 A GB483731 A GB 483731A GB 23053/36 A GB23053/36 A GB 23053/36A GB 2305336 A GB2305336 A GB 2305336A GB 483731 A GB483731 A GB 483731A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- casein
- solution
- acid
- coagulation
- fibres
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F4/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of proteins; Manufacture thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L89/00—Compositions of proteins; Compositions of derivatives thereof
- C08L89/005—Casein
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/38—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like during polymerisation
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
- D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
Abstract
Artificial wool, cotton, &c. are made from solutions of casein derived from milk by a process involving the following steps: acid coagulation of the milk at a pH value less than 4,5; solution of the casein so obtained in sodium hydrate or potassium hydrate or mixtures thereof; maturing of the solution until it acquires a viscosity suitable for spinning; spinning such solution into an acid coagulating bath; treating the coagulated fibres in a bath in which formaldehyde forms the basic substance for rendering the fibres sufficiently insoluble to permit washing; washing the fibres; treating the fibres to render them completely insoluble. For the coagulation of the casein there is conveniently added to the milk sufficient sulphuric acid to give pH 2,9-3,0. The acid may be added in two separate quantities. The treatment with acid of pH value less than 4,5 may be applied to caseins which have been obtained by coagulation of milk at a pH value in excess of 4,5. The temperature at which the coagulation is carried out is approximately 20 DEG C.; after coagulation, the casein is heated with the serum to about 61 DEG C. The separated casein may be pressed, or washed and dried, and to it may be added sterilizing agents, or mineral substances such as colloidal metal solutions or finely divided metal oxides in order to obtain mineralized artificial fibres. For the preparation of the casein solution for spinning there is employed a proportion of alkali to casein in approximately the ratio of 23 litres of 35 DEG B<\>ae. sodium hydrate to 100 kilos. of casein; the casein is first stirred with water, the caustic alkali is then added and stirring is continued either continuously or at intervals until a uniform product is obtained; the solution is allowed to mature and if necessary is diluted with tap water or by the addition of milk serum obtained in the acid coagulation of the subsequently neutralized casein, or by a solution of sodium lactate, formate or bisulphite, or by a solution of sodium, ammonium or copper sulphate, or by soap solution; 100 kilos of casein are used for making approximately 400 litres of solution; solution and maturing may take place at 24 DEG C. or generally between 14-34 DEG C. maturing being accelerated by raising the temperature; when during maturing the viscosity suitable for spinning has been developed, further maturing may be prevented and the solution stabilized by lowering the temperature below the above limit. To the casein solution there may be added carbon disulphide, sodium sulphide, cellulose xanthogenate, or the products obtained by treating soaps, glycerine &c. with carbon disulphide in the presence of alkali, or generally sulphides or xanthogenates, for the purpose of accelerating the subsequent coagulation of the casein from its solution. In the use of cellulose xanthogenate, the proportion added has a material effect on the character of the resulting textile fibre; thus, when the proportion of casein to cellulose is high the product resembles natural wool or silk, and when the proportion is low a product resembling cotton is obtained. By the addition of alkali silicates or solutions in alkali of zinc or aluminium, a mineralized product may be obtained. The resulting solutions, after filtration, are extruded into an acid coagulating bath, which may contain a substance capable of rendering the filaments insoluble, for example, aluminium salts, or tin salts, or formaldehyde. Suitable baths are for example sulphuric acid, sodium sulphate, aluminium sulphate or potash alum, and advantageously small quantities of tin salts; or sulphuric acid, aluminium sulphate or potash alum, and sodium chloride, and optionally small quantities of magnesium, zinc or ammonium sulphates &c. The speed of spinning may vary from 80-120 metres per min; the temperature of the coagulation bath may be between 48-58 DEG C.; and the length of travel in the bath may be 30 centimetres or more. In order to permit of washing, the coagulated filaments are first rendered partly insoluble by treatment with formaldehyde preferably with an addition of sodium chloride to prevent swelling of the filaments; the baths may also contain additions of aluminium salts and of acid. It is preferred to use formaldehyde-sodium chloride baths of increasing concentration, with respect to formaldehyde. The filaments may be collected on bobbins or in a centrifugal machine, or they may be formed into tufts which are conveniently allowed to fall into a sodium chloride bath to which small quantities of aluminium salts p or acid are added and optionally formaldehyde; or after treatment with the insolubilizing baths, the filaments may be collected as skeins and then cut to the desired length and subjected to the further treatment. It is convenient to conduct the initial insolubilizing with the filaments under tension, and then to treat the cut-up fibres with the concentrated bath in which they undergo a desirable twisting. After the washing and final insolubilizing, the fibres may be subjected to a softening treatment with sulphonated oils alone or mixed with soaps, emulsified fats or oils, glycerine &c. Such softening treatments are unnecessary if softening agents have been incorporated in the spinning solution. Specifications 483,807, 483,808, 483,809, and 483,810 are referred to.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT219102X | 1935-08-28 | ||
US96470A US2450889A (en) | 1935-08-28 | 1936-08-17 | Manufacture of artificial textile fibers |
US348991A US2338918A (en) | 1935-08-28 | 1940-07-31 | Processes for the manufacture of artificial textile fibers |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB483731A true GB483731A (en) | 1938-04-21 |
Family
ID=32096659
Family Applications (5)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB33638/37A Expired GB483808A (en) | 1935-08-28 | 1936-08-21 | Improvements in or relating to processes for the manufacture of artificial textile fibres |
GB33639/37A Expired GB483809A (en) | 1935-08-28 | 1936-08-21 | Improvements in or relating to processes for the manufacture of artificial textile fibres |
GB33637/37A Expired GB483807A (en) | 1935-08-28 | 1936-08-21 | Improvements in or relating to processes for the manufacture of artificial textile fibres |
GB33640/37A Expired GB483810A (en) | 1935-08-28 | 1936-08-21 | Improvements in or relating to processes for the manufacture of artificial textile fibres |
GB23053/36A Expired GB483731A (en) | 1935-08-28 | 1936-08-21 | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of artificial textile fibres |
Family Applications Before (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB33638/37A Expired GB483808A (en) | 1935-08-28 | 1936-08-21 | Improvements in or relating to processes for the manufacture of artificial textile fibres |
GB33639/37A Expired GB483809A (en) | 1935-08-28 | 1936-08-21 | Improvements in or relating to processes for the manufacture of artificial textile fibres |
GB33637/37A Expired GB483807A (en) | 1935-08-28 | 1936-08-21 | Improvements in or relating to processes for the manufacture of artificial textile fibres |
GB33640/37A Expired GB483810A (en) | 1935-08-28 | 1936-08-21 | Improvements in or relating to processes for the manufacture of artificial textile fibres |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US2338918A (en) |
BE (1) | BE417041A (en) |
CH (5) | CH219107A (en) |
DE (2) | DE886950C (en) |
FR (1) | FR813427A (en) |
GB (5) | GB483808A (en) |
NL (3) | NL70665C (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2473499A (en) * | 1946-04-30 | 1949-06-21 | Jr William G Abbott | Production of slivers of artificial fibers |
US2691568A (en) * | 1950-05-03 | 1954-10-12 | Courtaulds Ltd | Process of hardening, esterifying, and rehardening artificial protein threads |
US2775506A (en) * | 1950-05-03 | 1956-12-25 | Courtaulds Ltd | Production of artificial filaments, threads, fibres, bands, and the like |
US3179728A (en) * | 1962-02-07 | 1965-04-20 | Donini Sandro | Process for the preparation of proteinureic fibres and mixed protein-ureic cellulosic fibres |
DE3905292A1 (en) * | 1989-02-21 | 1990-08-23 | Linde Ag | Wheel-drive unit |
WO2002044278A1 (en) * | 2000-11-28 | 2002-06-06 | Thüringisches Institut Für Textil - Und Kunststoff - Forschung E.V. | Protein shaped body and method for the production thereof according to the nmmo method |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2450889A (en) * | 1935-08-28 | 1948-10-12 | Ferretti Antonio | Manufacture of artificial textile fibers |
NL60149C (en) * | 1937-11-18 | |||
DE910109C (en) * | 1939-02-03 | 1954-04-29 | Frigorifico Anglo Sa | Process for the production of fine-grain casein |
DE748687C (en) * | 1939-07-07 | 1944-11-08 | Spinnstoffgesellschaft M B H | Use of vegetable protein for the production of artificial threads |
GB580434A (en) * | 1944-09-06 | 1946-09-06 | Robin Hamilton Kendall Thomson | Improvements in or relating to the production of artificial insolubilised wet-spun protein filaments |
US2525825A (en) * | 1948-01-23 | 1950-10-17 | Robert F Peterson | Process for making casein fibers for felting |
NL274507A (en) * | 1961-02-07 | |||
DE1253863B (en) * | 1962-03-27 | 1967-11-09 | Ajinomoto Kk | Process for producing fibers, consisting of a mixture of regenerated cellulose and a polymeric amino acid |
CN114351285A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-04-15 | 宜宾惠美纤维新材料股份有限公司 | Cheese protein fiber and preparation method thereof |
-
0
- NL NL73111D patent/NL73111C/xx active
- BE BE417041D patent/BE417041A/xx unknown
- NL NL65289D patent/NL65289C/xx active
- NL NL70665D patent/NL70665C/xx active
-
1936
- 1936-08-21 CH CH219107D patent/CH219107A/en unknown
- 1936-08-21 CH CH219105D patent/CH219105A/en unknown
- 1936-08-21 CH CH219104D patent/CH219104A/en unknown
- 1936-08-21 GB GB33638/37A patent/GB483808A/en not_active Expired
- 1936-08-21 DE DEF357D patent/DE886950C/en not_active Expired
- 1936-08-21 GB GB33639/37A patent/GB483809A/en not_active Expired
- 1936-08-21 CH CH219102D patent/CH219102A/en unknown
- 1936-08-21 DE DEF361D patent/DE898792C/en not_active Expired
- 1936-08-21 GB GB33637/37A patent/GB483807A/en not_active Expired
- 1936-08-21 GB GB33640/37A patent/GB483810A/en not_active Expired
- 1936-08-21 GB GB23053/36A patent/GB483731A/en not_active Expired
- 1936-08-21 CH CH219106D patent/CH219106A/en unknown
- 1936-08-26 FR FR813427D patent/FR813427A/en not_active Expired
-
1940
- 1940-07-31 US US348991A patent/US2338918A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1940-07-31 US US348994A patent/US2338920A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2473499A (en) * | 1946-04-30 | 1949-06-21 | Jr William G Abbott | Production of slivers of artificial fibers |
US2691568A (en) * | 1950-05-03 | 1954-10-12 | Courtaulds Ltd | Process of hardening, esterifying, and rehardening artificial protein threads |
US2775506A (en) * | 1950-05-03 | 1956-12-25 | Courtaulds Ltd | Production of artificial filaments, threads, fibres, bands, and the like |
US3179728A (en) * | 1962-02-07 | 1965-04-20 | Donini Sandro | Process for the preparation of proteinureic fibres and mixed protein-ureic cellulosic fibres |
DE3905292A1 (en) * | 1989-02-21 | 1990-08-23 | Linde Ag | Wheel-drive unit |
WO2002044278A1 (en) * | 2000-11-28 | 2002-06-06 | Thüringisches Institut Für Textil - Und Kunststoff - Forschung E.V. | Protein shaped body and method for the production thereof according to the nmmo method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH219106A (en) | 1942-01-31 |
US2338920A (en) | 1944-01-11 |
CH219102A (en) | 1942-01-31 |
CH219105A (en) | 1942-01-31 |
DE898792C (en) | 1953-12-03 |
GB483808A (en) | 1938-04-21 |
FR813427A (en) | 1937-06-01 |
NL73111C (en) | |
DE886950C (en) | 1953-08-20 |
CH219107A (en) | 1942-01-31 |
BE417041A (en) | |
CH219104A (en) | 1942-01-31 |
NL65289C (en) | |
NL70665C (en) | |
GB483810A (en) | 1938-04-21 |
US2338918A (en) | 1944-01-11 |
GB483809A (en) | 1938-04-21 |
GB483807A (en) | 1938-04-21 |
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