GB476386A - Improvements in and relating to internal combustion engines having liquid-fuel injection means - Google Patents

Abstract

476,386. Regulating oil engines. PESCARA, R. P. June 5, 1936, No. 15795. Convention date, June 5, 1935. [Classes 7 (iii) and 7 (vi)] In engines with variable compression space, particularly free-piston engines combined with compressors, the distribution of the injected liquid fuel is varied automatically in accordance with alterations in the volume of the compression space, for example by alteration of the number, angle, shape, or mutual position of the injection jets. Fig. 1 shows an engine with free opposed pistons 22 having between them a compression space 1 provided with two or more fuel injectors 2<1>, 2<2> fed by pumps 5<1>, 5<2>, the amount of fuel delivered being varied, for example by variable byepasses to the pumps, in accordance with the varying size of the chamber 1. The variation in fuel injection may be obtained by cutting out one or more of the pumps. A piston 6 acted on by the air-intake pressure may control the pumps through racks 4<1>, 4<2>. The distribution of fuel injection may be varied by providing fan-shaped injections from an injector device which can be rotated about its axis so that the plane of the fan is normal or parallel to the cylinder axis, or in some intermediate position, in accordance with the size of the chamber 1. Fig. 5 shows such an injection device, the injector 2<1> being rotatable within a plug 2<0> by an arm 7. In another form, the angle at which the jets are directed across the cylinder may be varied by rocking the injectors sideways. Fig. 8 shows an injector 13 with a spherical tip 15 pressed by a spring 29 against a seating 28, the inclination of the jet 3 being varied by tilting the stem 13 to one side by a link 7, or by a projection 11 attached to one of the pistons 22. In another form, the fuel injectors are arranged opposite one another in the piston heads, and the fuel pump is carried by one of the pistons and actuated by engagement with an adjustable stationary cam. In engines where a constant compression space 1 between the opposed pistons communicates with an auxiliary variable compression space, the fuel injectors supplying the latter space are adjusted. In a further form, the shape of a whirling jet of fuel is varied, e.g. as shown in Fig. 13, where the fuel traverses helical grooves 19 in a member 20 which is axially adjustable in relation to its seating.