GB407034A - Improvements in or relating to the production of hydrocarbons by the treatment of distillable carbonaceous materials with hydrogenating gases at elevated temperatures - Google Patents

Abstract

The metalloids phosphorus, sulphur, selenium, tellurium and silicon or their compounds in conjunction with halogens are used as catalysts in the treatment of carbonaceous materials to obtain hydrocarbons in the presence of hydrogen under pressure and at temperatures between 250 DEG and 700 DEG C. The above treatment includes destructive hydrogen, purification of hydrocarbons from sulphur, oxygen, &c., containing impurities, the conversion of oxygen and sulphur containing organic compounds into the corresponding hydrocarbons, and the conversion of unsaturated hydrocarbons into aromatic or hydroaromatic hydrocarbons. The metalloid and the halogen may be in combination, e.g., phosphorus trichloride, tribromide, pentabromide, sulphochloride, di- or tri-iodide, sulphur monochloride or tetrachloride, and similar compounds of selenium and tellurium. The complex compounds of metal halides or of ammonium halides with bromides, iodides, and chlorides of tellurium may also be used and silicon tetrachloride, silicon fluoride, or fluosilicic acid. Other catalysts, carriers, or dispersion agents may be added. A small amount, e.g., 0.5 to 5 per cent of a halogen halide may be added to the hydrogenating gases. A mineral oil boiling above 325 DEG C. is mixed with 2 per cent of sulphur monochloride and heated with hydrogen in an autoclave at 445 DEG C. and 180 atmospheres pressure. 70 per cent of the product consists of benzines and middle oils. Specifications 311,031 and 328,618, [both in Class 32], are referred to.ALSO:The metalloids phosphorus, sulphur, selenium, tellurium and silicon or their compounds in combination with halogens are used as catalysts in the treatment of carbonaceous materials to obtain hydrocarbons in the presence of hydrogen under pressure and a temperature between 250 and 700 DEG C. The above treatment includes destructive hydrogen, purification of hydrocarbons from sulphur, oxygen, &c., containing impurities, the conversion of oxygen and sulphur containing organic compounds into the corresponding hydrocarbons, and the conversion of unsaturated hydrocarbons into aromatic or hydroaromatic hydrocarbons. The metalloid and the halogen may be in combination, e.g. phosphorus trichloride, tribromide, pentabromide, sulphochloride, di- or tri-iodide, sulphur monochloride or tetrachloride, and similar compounds of silenium and tellurium. The complex compounds of metal halides or of ammonium halides with bromides, iodides, and chlorides of tellurium may also be used and silicon tetrachloride, silicon fluoride, or fluosilicic acid. Other catalysts, carriers, or dispersion agents may be added. A small amount, e.g. 0.5 to 5 per cent of a halogen halide may be added to the hydrogenating gases. A mineral oil boiling above 325 DEG C. is mixed with 2 per cent of sulphur monochloride and heated with hydrogen in an autoclave at 445 DEG C. and 180 atmospheres pressure. 70 per cent of the product consists of benzines and middle oils. Specifications 311,031 and 328,618, [both in Class 32], are referred to.