GB457211A - Process for the production of valuable products from solid carbonaceous materials bydestructive hydrogenation - Google Patents

Abstract

The destructive hydrogenation of solid carbonaceous materials is carried out in presence of catalysts comprising in combination lead or lead compounds and halogen in the form of free halogen or a substance splitting off halogen or hydrogen halide under the reaction conditions. The following forms of lead and lead compounds are specified:--finely divided lead, colloidal lead as formed on cathode by electrolysis, lead sulphide formed by treatment of colloidal lead with hydrogen sulphide, carbon disulphide &c., if desired in presence of hydrogen and at 200--500 DEG C. and 3--20 atmos. pressure; lead glance, schuletite, wulfenite, red lead ore; lead oxides, sulphides, chromates, nitrates, oxalates, acetates and halides. Halogen compounds specified are ammonium chloride; halogen compounds of the metalloids phosphorus, sulphur, selenium, tellurium, arsenic and antimony, e.g. sulphur monochloride, selenium monochloride or tetrachloride, phosphorus trichloride and tetrachloride, phosphorus diand tri-iodide, arsenic trichloride, antimony trichloride and pentachloride; organic halogen compounds e.g. carbon tetrachloride, chloroform or iodoform, methyl, ethyl, methylene, and ethylene chlorides or the corresponding bromides or iodides, halogen compounds of aromatic hydrocarbons, in particular benzene; metal halides, e.g. iron iodide, which split off hydrogen halide under the reaction conditions may also be used. The catalysts may be added in part or wholly prior to, during, or after the heating up of the reacting materials. Other catalysts, comprising metals or metal compounds, e.g. oxides, sulphides, or halides of the metals of the 6th group or of the iron group or of organic tin compounds, may also be present. Bituminous coal finely ground and mixed with 0,2 per cent lead chloride and pasted with an equal proportion of heavy oil obtained in the process is heated up with hydrogen under 200 atmos. pressure to 450 DEG C., 0,5 per cent lead chloride and 0,8 per cent chlorine in the form of carbon tetrachloride are then added and the mixture passed into a reaction chamber; 93,5 per cent of the carbon contained in the coal is converted into liquid products containing about 6 per cent asphalt. Specifications 381,367 and 408,255 are referred to.