GB349958A - An improved process and apparatus for carrying out gas reactions at high temperatures - Google Patents

Abstract

<PICT:0349958/III/1> <PICT:0349958/III/2> Hydrocyanic acid; benzene and other unsaturated hydrocarbons.--Endothermic gas reactions at temperatures over 1000 DEG C. and at high space velocities are carried out by passing the gas through unpacked reaction chambers which are long, deep and very narrow and are sandwiched between long and deep heating flues. Examples of suitable reactions are the production of hydrocyanic acid from ammonia and hydrocarbons described in Specification 335,947, [Class 1 (ii), Inorganic compounds, other than &c.], and the pyrolysis of hydrocarbons to obtain benzene and other unsaturated hydrocarbons as in Specification 342,319, [Group IV]. In the apparatus shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the reaction chambers 1, which are only one or two inches wide and several feet high and deep and constructed of or lined with a refractory material such as sillimanite, traverse a combustion chamber 2. A number of walls 6 are built across this chamber which is thus divided into a number of flues which completely surround the reaction chambers and ensure effective heat transfer. The air for combustion is preheated by regenerators 5 and passes into the combustion space 2 through ports 4, the gas for combustion being admitted through ports 3. The gaseous reactants are also preheated in a suitable apparatus by the products of the reaction. Specification 335,411, [Class 1 (i), Chemical processes &c.], also is referred to.ALSO:<PICT:0349958/IV/1> <PICT:0349958/IV/2> The pyrolysis of hydrocarbons to obtain benzene and other unsaturated hydrocarbons as in Specification 342,319 at temperatures over 1000 DEG C. and at high space velocities is carried out by passing the gas through unpacked reaction chambers which are long, deep and very narrow and are sandwiched between long and deep heating flues. In the apparatus shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the reaction chambers 1, which are only one or two inches wide and several feet high and deep and constructed of or lined with a refractory material such as sillimanite, traverse a combustion chamber 2. A number of walls 6 are built across this chamber, which is thus divided into a number of flues which totally surround the reaction chambers and ensure effective heat transfer. The air for combustion is preheated by regenerators 5 and passes into the combustion space 2 through ports 4, the gas for combustion being admitted through ports 3. The gaseous reactants are also preheated in a suitable apparatus by the products of the reaction. Specifications 335,411, [Class 1 (i), Chemical processes &c.], and 335,947, [Class 1 (ii), Inorganic compounds, other than &c.], also are referred to.