GB2523472A - Novel material - Google Patents
Novel material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2523472A GB2523472A GB1502328.6A GB201502328A GB2523472A GB 2523472 A GB2523472 A GB 2523472A GB 201502328 A GB201502328 A GB 201502328A GB 2523472 A GB2523472 A GB 2523472A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- composite material
- mannequin
- unsaturated polyester
- polyester resin
- material according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/425—Cellulose series
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47F—SPECIAL FURNITURE, FITTINGS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR SHOPS, STOREHOUSES, BARS, RESTAURANTS OR THE LIKE; PAYING COUNTERS
- A47F8/00—Dummies, busts or the like, e.g. for displaying garments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/08—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
- B29C70/083—Combinations of continuous fibres or fibrous profiled structures oriented in one direction and reinforcements forming a two dimensional structure, e.g. mats
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
- B29C70/342—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using isostatic pressure
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4266—Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2311/00—Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2201/00 - B29K2309/00, as reinforcement
- B29K2311/10—Natural fibres, e.g. wool or cotton
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
Abstract
A composite material including unsaturated polyester resin and plant fibres. The plant fibres may be jute fibres in the form of a mat, sack, cloth, thread, twine or clothing. The resin to fibre ratio may be 2.25:1. The resin may include 1, 3 Propanediol sourced from corn sugar, phthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride and styrene. The resin may further include a methyl ethyl ketone peroxide catalyst at around 2% by weight, which accelerates the curing of the resin. The composition may be used to form a mannequin by laying a sheet of jute in a mould, applying the resin to the sheet, curing the resin and releasing the product from the mould. A releasing agent such as wax may be initially applied to the mould.
Description
Novel Material The present invention relates to a novel material. In particular) the present invention relates to a novel composite material comprising plant fibres and an unsaturated polyester resin. Preferably the unsaturated polyester resin is biodegradable.
Plant fibres are natural products that have many uses; for example, they are used to make fabric for clothing or carpets, or are used to make rope. Examples of such plant fibres are flax (Linum usitatissimum), hemp (Cannabis sativa), sisal (Agave sisalana) and jute (Corchorus sp.). These plant fibres are readily available. They are also easy to produce agriculturally and are relatively cheap as a raw material. Plant fibres come in many forms and may be the main product of a crop, or a by-product.
A composite material is a complex product in which two or more distinct substances combine to produce structural or functional properties not present in any individual component. An example of a composite material is fibreglass which comprises a polymer, reinforced by glass fibres. However, if fibreglass is damaged or broken, glass fibres may be released into the atmosphere and these are harmful if breathed in.
The present invention seeks to provide a more eco-friendly alternative to fibreglass.
In particular) the present invention seeks to provide an eco-mannequin manufactured using closed loop recycling of plant fibres, such as those sourced from jute sacks.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composite material comprising an unsaturated polyester resin and plant fibres.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the unsaturated polyester resin is biodegradable.
Preferably the plant fibres comprise jute fibres, and more preferably comprise recycled jute fibres. In some embodiments, all of the plant fibres in the composite material may be jute fibres; in other embodiments, jute fibres are mixed with other types of plant fibres.
The jute fibres may originate from recycled jute sacks, typically used for transporting coffee, rice and oats, which in turn offers the opportunity for closed loop recyclability. The jute fibres may instead originate from virgin material.
The plant fibres, whether or not including jute, may originate from cloth, recycled clothing, sacks) thread or twine. A combination of all these materials, including jute sacks, may be used as a source of the plant fibres.
In one example, 2.25kg of resin is applied to 1 m2 of plant fibres, which may be in the form of cloth, thread, twine, recycled sacks or recycled clothing.
Preferably, the composite material comprises unsaturated polyester resin and plant fibres (for example jute fibres) in a weight: weight ratio of about 2:1 to 3:1. For example, the resin to plant fibre weight: weight ratio is about 2.25:1.
If a jute mat has a mass of 450g per m2 then, in a preferred embodiment, 2.25 kg of resin may be applied to adequately saturate the mat.
In general, during the method of making the composite material, enough unsaturated polyester resin must be applied for it to adequately saturate the jute or other plants fibres. The exact amount of resin used, therefore, depends on what form the jute (or other plant fibres) is in.
The jute fibres may be provided in the form of a jute mat (i.e. a sheet of jute). The Jute fibres may also be provided in the form of jute sacks (also being a sheet of jute), such as those typically used to transport coffee, oats and rice.
In alternative embodiments of the invention, the composite material may comprise other plant fibres, for example, hemp, sisal, kenaf, cotton, ramie or flax fibres instead of or in addition to the jute fibres. For example, the composite material could comprise a mixture of jute and sisal or jute and flax. These alternative fibres may also be in the form of a mat.
The plant fibre mat may be a compressed mat. However, the plant fibre mat may also be a woven mat. Furthermore, the plant fibre mat may be a combination of a compressed and a woven mat.
Preferably, in embodiments of the invention, the unsaturated polyester resin comprises 1,3 -Propanediol. Preferably, this is SusterraTM Propanediol. SusterraTM Propanediol is available from DuPont Tate & Lyle Bio Products Company, USA. SusterraTM Propanediol is sourced from corn sugar using a fermentation process and enables the manufacture of renewable, natural and sustainable products. Preferably the unsaturated polyester resin is biodegradable.
Unsaturated polyesters resins are commercially available. One example of an unsaturated polyester resin for use in the present invention comprises: (a) 1,3 -Propanediol (b) Phthalic anhydride (c) Maleic anhydride, and (d) Styrene In one embodiment of the invention, the unsaturated polyester resin comprises: (a) 29% by weight of 1,3 -Propanediol (b) 24.5% by weight of Phthalic anhydride (c) 14% by weight of Maleic anhydride, and (d) 32.5% by weight of Styrene One such resin is available from Eternal Chemical Company Limited under the product name "ETERSET 2522PT".
In another embodiment of the invention, the unsaturated polyester resin comprises: (a) 25% by weight of 1,3 -Propanediol (b) 20% by weight of Phthalic anhydride (c) 15% by weight of Maleic anhydride (d) 40% by weight of Styrene One such resin is available from Yong Shun Chemical Co Ltd under the product name type 157 BQT-BS (BioGala-100).
Preferably, the unsaturated polyester resin comprises: (a) 20 to 35%, more preferably 25 to 29%, by weight of 1,3 -Propanediol (b) 15 to 30%, more preferably 20 to 24.5%, by weight of Phthalic anhydride (c) 10 to 20%, more preferably 14 to 15%, by weight of Maleic anhydride, and (d) 30 to 45%, more preferably 32.5 to 40%, by weight of Styrene Preferably) the unsaturated polyester resin further comprises a catalyst for activating the curing process. The catalyst may be, for example, a methyl ethyl ketone peroxide. For example, the catalyst may be an "organic peroxide type D". Suitable catalysts include Butanox® methyl ethyl ketone peroxide catalysts, for example Butanox® M-50, Butanox® HBO-50 or Butanox® 28. Butanox® M-50, HBO-50 and 28 comprise methyl ethyl ketone peroxide in solution in dimethyl phthalate.
Adding a catalyst to the unsaturated polyester resin is advantageous as it accelerates the curing process.
It is important to ensure that the catalyst is thoroughly mixed into the resin before the resin is applied to the plant fibres.
Preferably, a mixture of unsaturated polyester resin and catalyst should contain ito 3% catalyst by weight, most preferably, around 2% catalyst by weight. Additions outside these ranges are not advisable for proper curing of the resin. For example, a mixture with more than 4% catalyst by weight may fail to cure. Similarly, mixtures with less than 1% catalyst by weight may cure too slowly.
S
The composite material of the present invention may be employed in a number of applications including various applications of fibreglass. In one particular application, the composite material of the present invention may be used in the production of mannequins.
The present invention therefore also provides a mannequin formed from the composite material of the present invention.
According to the present invention, there is provided a mannequin formed from a composite material comprising an unsaturated polyester resin and plant fibres which preferably comprise jute fibres and are preferably in the form of a jute mat or a jute sack.
Preferably the unsaturated polyester resin is biodegradable.
The total gross weight of a mannequin made from jute fibres and/or other plant fibres and unsaturated polyester resin typically is less than a mannequin produced from conventional glass fibre (eg GRP).
Also, independent tests have demonstrated that a mannequin manufactured in accordance with the present invention provides a significant reduction in carbon dioxide emissions compared with conventional fibreglass mannequins.
In products made from fibreglass, a gel coat must be applied to the surface of the product before the product can be painted. However, the composite material of the present invention allows paint to be applied directly to any product, for example, a mannequin, formed from the material: a gel coat is not required.
A product such as a mannequin produced using a composite material of the present invention may be painted with a water based paint.
In mannequins formed from the composite material of the present invention, joints and! or arms of the mannequin may be filled with a combination of an unsaturated polyester resin, jute fibres (as an example of plant fibres) and silicon powder. The resin, jute (for example) and silicon powder mixture is a paste-like substance that can be used to fill gaps and help bond areas of the mannequin together.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of making a mannequin from the composite material of the present invention.
The method of making a mannequin comprises: (a) laying a sheet of jute and/or other plant fibre in a mannequin mould, (b) applying an unsaturated polyester resin as described herein to the sheet, (c) allowing the resin to cure, and (d) releasing the cured product from the mannequin mould.
The method of making a mannequin preferably comprises: (a) applying an unsaturated polyester resin as described herein to a mannequin mould, (b) laying a sheet of jute and/or other plant fibre in the mannequin mould, (c) applying the unsaturated polyester resin to the sheet, (d) allowing the resin to cure, and (e) releasing the cured product from the mannequin mould.
In step (a) the resin is applied to the mould first and may be allowed to begin to cure, thereby forming a slight skin on the surface of the mould.
In step (b) the sheet is laid in the mould, preferably ensuring minimum overlapping of adjacent sheets, with a maximum overlap being 25mm.
In step (c) a brush or roller may be used to apply the resin to the sheet, and the resulting composite material may be compressed using a metal roller and/or using hand pressure to remove air from the material.
Between steps (c) and (d), any joints around metal fittings may be filled using a combination of the unsaturated polyester resin and chopped strands of plant fibre to create a paste.
The sheet is preferably a sheet of jute with the jute fibres in the form of a jute mat or a jute sack. The sheet may comprise jute fibres or other plant fibres originating from cloth, thread, twine, recycled sacks and recycled clothing, meaning that closed loop recycling is possible.
In embodiments of the invention a mannequin may be formed using a single mannequin mould. Alternatively, different parts of the same mannequin can be formed using different mannequin moulds (for example, the body of the mannequin may be formed separately to the arms and legs). If multiple moulds are used, the cured products must be assembled to form a complete mannequin.
A release agent, for example, a wax, may be applied to the mould before the sheet or unsaturated polyester resin is placed in the mould. The release agent may be applied to the mould when producing the first item, then is typically re-applied after the release of every second mannequin produced.
Preferably, the unsaturated polyester resin is applied to the sheet using a brush or roller, which may be woollen and/or polyester.
To ensure a good finish, air should preferably not be trapped between the sheet and the mould.
Depending on the desired thickness of the mannequin, additional sheets and additional unsaturated polyester resin may be applied after step (b) of the method.
Preferably, after the resin has been applied to the sheet, pressure is applied to help the resin saturate the sheet. For example, pressure may be applied by hand or by using a vacuum or a roller. The application of pressure also helps to remove any air pockets.
Once the resin has cured, the mannequin may be released from the mould and finished, for example, by trimming. Then, if required, the mannequin can be painted. No gel coat has to be applied to the surface of the mannequin before the product can be painted.
Claims (25)
- Claims 1. A composite material comprising an unsaturated polyester resin and plant fibres.
- 2. A composite material according to Claim 1 wherein the unsaturated polyester resin is biodegradable.
- 3. A composite material according to Claim 1 or 2 wherein the plant fibres comprise or consist of recycled fibres.
- 4. A composite material according to any preceding claim wherein the plant fibres are jute fibres.
- 5. A composite material according to any preceding claim wherein the plant fibres are in the form of a mat, a sack, cloth, thread, twine or clothing.
- 6. A composite material according to any preceding claim wherein the composite material comprises unsaturated polyester resin and plant fibres in a weight: weight ratio of 2:1 to 3:1, preferably in a weight: weight ratio of about 2.25:1.
- 7. A composite material according to any preceding claim wherein the unsaturated polyester resin comprises 1,3 -Propanediol, preferably sourced from corn sugar.
- 8. A composite material according to any preceding claim wherein the unsaturated polyester resin further comprises a catalyst.
- 9. A composite material according to Claim 8 wherein the catalyst is a methyl ethyl ketone peroxide.
- 10. A composite material according to Claim 8 or9 wherein the catalyst is a Butanox' methyl ethyl ketone peroxide catalyst.
- 11. A composite material according to any one of Claims 8 to 10 wherein a mixture of unsaturated polyester resin and catalyst contains 1 to 3% catalyst by weight.
- 12. A composite material according to any preceding claim wherein the unsaturated polyester resin comprises: (a) 1,3 -Propanediol (b) Phthalic anhydride (c) Maleic anhydride, and (d) Styrene
- 13. A composite material according to Claim 12 wherein the unsaturated polyester resin comprises: (a) 20 to 35%, more preferably 25 to 29%, by weight of 1,3 -Propanediol (b) 15 to 30%, more preferably 20 to 24.5%, by weight of Phthalic anhydride (c) 10 to 20%, more preferably 14 to 15%, by weight of Maleic anhydride, and (d) 30 to 45%, more preferably 32.5 to 40%, by weight of Styrene
- 14. A mannequin formed from a composite material according to any preceding claim.
- 15. A method of making a mannequin from a composite material according to any preceding claim, wherein the method of making a mannequin comprises: (a) laying a sheet of jute or other plant fibre in a mannequin mould, (b) applying an unsaturated polyester resin to the sheet, (c) allowing the resin to cure, and (d) releasing the cured product from the mannequin mould.
- 16. A method of making a mannequin according to Claim 15 wherein a layer of unsaturated polyester resin is applied to the mould before step (a).
- 17. A method of making a mannequin according to Claim 15 or Claim 16 wherein a release agent is applied to the mould before the sheet is placed in the mould.
- 18. A method of making a mannequin according to any one of Claims 15 to 17 wherein the unsaturated polyester resin is applied to the sheet using a brush or roller.
- 19. A method of making a mannequin according to any one of Claims 15 to 18 wherein additional sheets and additional unsaturated polyester resin are applied after step (b).
- 20. A method of making a mannequin according to any one of Claims 15 to 19 wherein after the resin has been applied, pressure is applied to the composite material.
- 21. A method of making a mannequin according to Claim 20 wherein pressure is applied by hand or by using a vacuum or a roller.
- 22. A method of making a mannequin according to any one of Claims 15 to 21 wherein the mannequin is trimmed, sanded, filed and/or painted after step (d).
- 23. A composite material substantially as hereinbefore described.
- 24. A method of making a mannequin substantially as hereinbefore described.
- 25. A mannequin substantially as hereinbefore described.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB1402486.3A GB201402486D0 (en) | 2014-02-12 | 2014-02-12 | Novel Material |
GBGB1402652.0A GB201402652D0 (en) | 2014-02-12 | 2014-02-14 | Novel material |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB201502328D0 GB201502328D0 (en) | 2015-04-01 |
GB2523472A true GB2523472A (en) | 2015-08-26 |
GB2523472B GB2523472B (en) | 2016-05-11 |
Family
ID=50390907
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB1402486.3A Ceased GB201402486D0 (en) | 2014-02-12 | 2014-02-12 | Novel Material |
GBGB1402652.0A Ceased GB201402652D0 (en) | 2014-02-12 | 2014-02-14 | Novel material |
GB1502328.6A Active GB2523472B (en) | 2014-02-12 | 2015-02-12 | Composite material comprising unsaturated polyester resin and plant fibres |
Family Applications Before (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB1402486.3A Ceased GB201402486D0 (en) | 2014-02-12 | 2014-02-12 | Novel Material |
GBGB1402652.0A Ceased GB201402652D0 (en) | 2014-02-12 | 2014-02-14 | Novel material |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN106164352B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2015216789A1 (en) |
GB (3) | GB201402486D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015121652A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA201606269B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106894161A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-06-27 | 福建省天连化纤织造有限公司 | The modified green beautiful core cloth formula of twill of one kind and preparation method |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB804497A (en) * | 1954-12-09 | 1958-11-19 | Rohm & Haas | Improvements in bonded and molded products and preparation thereof |
GB1396189A (en) * | 1972-12-15 | 1975-06-04 | Ici Ltd | Fibre-reinforced thermosetting polyester resins |
GB1437081A (en) * | 1972-02-11 | 1976-05-26 | Kichlu K | Resin-fibre sheets nitro-imidazole derivatives |
WO2004052967A1 (en) * | 2002-12-12 | 2004-06-24 | Caco Chemical Inc. | Plant fiber reinforced plastic formed article |
Family Cites Families (11)
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US2614955A (en) * | 1950-01-13 | 1952-10-21 | L A Darling Company | Pressure molding laminates |
GB706096A (en) * | 1950-08-04 | 1954-03-24 | Ernest Bader | Manufacture of laminated articles using unsaturated polyester resins |
AU8910082A (en) * | 1981-10-05 | 1983-04-27 | Tay Textiles Ltd. | Jute reinforcement of plastics materials |
DE3150906C2 (en) * | 1981-12-22 | 1984-03-08 | Ernst 8192 Geretsried Pelz | Process for the production of molded parts from coconut, cotton or jute fiber fleece mats containing polyester resin |
SE503272C2 (en) * | 1994-08-22 | 1996-04-29 | Moelnlycke Ab | Nonwoven material prepared by hydroentangling a fiber web and method for making such nonwoven material |
TW369408B (en) * | 1998-08-05 | 1999-09-11 | ming-jie Li | Method of producing mannequin and its strsucture |
US6974848B2 (en) * | 2002-04-16 | 2005-12-13 | Helena Twardowska | Low-density thermosetting sheet molding compounds |
WO2005037516A2 (en) * | 2003-10-15 | 2005-04-28 | Michigan State University | Biocomposites sheet molding and methods of making those |
GB0611884D0 (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2006-07-26 | South Bank Univ Entpr Ltd | Hair based composite |
US20110305878A1 (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2011-12-15 | Gladfelter Harry F | Nonwoven panel and method of construction thereof |
JP5951507B2 (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2016-07-13 | フェデラル−モーグル パワートレイン インコーポレイテッドFederal−Mogul Powertrain, Inc. | High loft nonwoven sheet material and method for producing the same |
-
2014
- 2014-02-12 GB GBGB1402486.3A patent/GB201402486D0/en not_active Ceased
- 2014-02-14 GB GBGB1402652.0A patent/GB201402652D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2015
- 2015-02-12 AU AU2015216789A patent/AU2015216789A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-02-12 GB GB1502328.6A patent/GB2523472B/en active Active
- 2015-02-12 WO PCT/GB2015/050388 patent/WO2015121652A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-02-12 CN CN201580019348.8A patent/CN106164352B/en active Active
-
2016
- 2016-09-09 ZA ZA2016/06269A patent/ZA201606269B/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB804497A (en) * | 1954-12-09 | 1958-11-19 | Rohm & Haas | Improvements in bonded and molded products and preparation thereof |
GB1437081A (en) * | 1972-02-11 | 1976-05-26 | Kichlu K | Resin-fibre sheets nitro-imidazole derivatives |
GB1396189A (en) * | 1972-12-15 | 1975-06-04 | Ici Ltd | Fibre-reinforced thermosetting polyester resins |
WO2004052967A1 (en) * | 2002-12-12 | 2004-06-24 | Caco Chemical Inc. | Plant fiber reinforced plastic formed article |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2523472B (en) | 2016-05-11 |
AU2015216789A1 (en) | 2016-09-29 |
GB201402486D0 (en) | 2014-03-26 |
GB201502328D0 (en) | 2015-04-01 |
WO2015121652A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 |
CN106164352B (en) | 2019-09-17 |
GB201402652D0 (en) | 2014-04-02 |
ZA201606269B (en) | 2017-11-29 |
CN106164352A (en) | 2016-11-23 |
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