GB2474824A - Projectile producing exothermic effect initiated by shock waves - Google Patents
Projectile producing exothermic effect initiated by shock waves Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2474824A GB2474824A GB8231185A GB8231185A GB2474824A GB 2474824 A GB2474824 A GB 2474824A GB 8231185 A GB8231185 A GB 8231185A GB 8231185 A GB8231185 A GB 8231185A GB 2474824 A GB2474824 A GB 2474824A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- projectile
- composite material
- ammunition
- shock waves
- undergo
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910003310 Ni-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004429 Calibre Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
- F42B12/44—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information of incendiary type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Abstract
A projectile has a composite material of two metallic constituents which undergo a highly exothermic reaction induced by a shock wave. The shock wave is initiated by the impact of the projectile and compression of gases enclosed in pores within it. The metallic constituents may be aluminium and nickel, platinum or palladium, which react to form an intermetallic component. The projectile is dense, has no explosive charge and combines penetration with incendiary effect. The invention may be particularly applied to the nose of the projectile. The projectile is suitable for an automatic weapon used against fast airborne targets.
Description
TITLE
Projectiles This invention relates to the use of a composite material with two metallic constituents which can be caused to undergo a highly exothermic reaction induced by shock waves, for a part of a projectile, especially the nose. The projectile being mainly for ammunition for automatic barrel weapons.
Platerials of' the aforementioned category are used in explosive projectiles or warheads for lining a hollow surface of' the explosive charge. A projectile formed in the explosive forming of material in the form of an insert or liner is intended to exert an incendiary effect after penetrating armour. The material in question has a limited porosity and the effect of the detonation shock wave causes an adiabatic compression with a considerable temperature rise. The ignition temperature required in order to initiate the exothermic reaction can thus be obtained very rapidly.
In view of the structure of the increasing number of aerial targets it proves desirable to combine penetrative and incendiary effect in one and the same projectile. As such targets operate at a high flight velocity (for example lou-flying aircraft or missiles) or are extremely manoeuvrable (attack helicopters) -2-p they cannot be effectively combated with machine-gun weapons unless the projectiles are characterized by a long trajectory. This means that with a high initial velocity the speed reduction must be very small, which can preferably be ensured by a low c coefficient (small drag cross section) and a high average density for the projectile. It is therefore not an explosive projectile that is suitable, i.e. one with a pro-jectile-forming charge, but rather a sub-calibre projectile of high density.
This invention seeks to combine penetrative and incendiary action in one and the same projectile.
According to this invention there is provided the USC of a composite material having two metallic constituents which can be caused to undergo a highly exothermic reaction induced by shock waves, for a part of a projectile.
This invention also provides ammunition for automic barrel weapons including a ubstantially solid projectile, wherein a part of the projectile comprises a composite material having two metallic constituents which can be caused to undergo a highly eothermic reaction induced by shock waves.
If the material is used for a projectile nose structure, then the ignition temperature required in order to initiate the exothermic reaction can be obtained by the shock wave initiated on the impact of the nose and by adiabatic compression of' the gas enclosed in the pores. The system provides the advantage of' making it possible to dispense with an explosive charge detracting from the average pro-jectile density and also uith means for initiating such a charge. The disintegration of the projectile nose structure and the exothermic reaction advantageously take place at certain set relative times to the intended incendiary efFect after an outer plate of the target has been penetrated. The material can without difficulty be used in accordance with the invention for other parts of the projectile in order to adapt it to the particular purposes arising and to the structures of the target concerned, that is it is not limited to a projectile nose structure.
Pd-Pl, Ni-Al and Pt-/U are mentioned as suitable metallic constituents which undergo an intensive exothermic reaction with one another, forming an intermetallic connection in the process. Heat outputs of up to 1.5 kJ/g are produced. The reaction heat of TNT amounts to 4.3 kJ/g as comparison. The reaction heat of up to 1.5 kJ/g suffices to-heat Ni-Al, for instance, to above its melting point of 1638°C.
The pore volume required can be provided by a process not discussed here.
Claims (9)
- CLAIMS1. The use of a composite to material having two metallic constituents which can be caused to undergo a highly exothermic reaction induced by shock waves, for a part of a projectile.
- 2. The use of a composite material as Claim 1, for the nose of a projectile.
- 3. Ammunition for automic barrel weapons including a substantially solid projectile, wherein a part of the io projectile comprises a composite material having two metallic constituents which can be caused to undergo a highly exothermic reaction induced by shock waves.
- 4. Ammunition as claimed in Claim 3, wherein the nose of the projectile comprises the composite material.
- 5. Ammuniction as claimed in Claim 3 or 4, wherein the projectile comprises a sub-calibre penetrator.
- 6. Ammunition in accordance with any preceding Claim 3 to 5, wherein the composite material comprises Pd-Al, Ni-Al or Pt-Al.
- 7. Ammunition as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the composite material is porous, the porosity being arranged such that compressive shock waves, an impact of the projectile with a target, initiates the reaction.
- 8. A composite material for the purpose herein set forth and as described and exemplified herein.
- 9. Ammunition as described herein and axe rnpl I f' i ad. *I.Amendments to the claims have been filed as follows 1. The use of a composite material for a part of a projectile, the material having two metallic constituents which can be caused to undergo a highly exothermic reaction induced by shock waves to thereby form an iritermetallic compound.2. The use of a composite material as Claim 1, for the nose of a projectile.3. Ammunition for automic barrel weapons including a substantially solid projectile, wherein a part of the projectile comprises a composite material having two metallic constituents which can be caused to undergo a highly exothernic reaction induced by shock waves to form an intermetallic compound.4. Ammunition as claimed in Claim 3, wherein the nose of the projectile comprises the composite material.5. Ammunition as claimed in Claim 3 or 4, wherein the projectile comprises a sub-calibre penetrator.6. Ammunition in accordance with any preceding Claim 3 to 5, wherein the composite material comprises Pd-Al, Ni-Al or Pt-Al.7. Ammunition as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the composite material is porous, the porosity being arranged such that compressive shock waves, on impact of the projectile with a target, intiates the reaction.8. / composite material for the purpose herein set forth and as described and exemplified herein.g Ammunition as described herein and exerriplified.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3145509 | 1981-11-17 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8231185D0 GB8231185D0 (en) | 2010-04-07 |
| GB2474824A true GB2474824A (en) | 2011-05-04 |
| GB2474824B GB2474824B (en) | 2011-09-14 |
Family
ID=6146544
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8231185A Expired - Lifetime GB2474824B (en) | 1981-11-17 | 1982-11-04 | Projectiles |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2749382A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2474824B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT8249423A0 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT75829A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE8206279L (en) |
| TR (1) | TR20994A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019162451A1 (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-08-29 | Rwm Schweiz Ag | Projectile having a pyrotechnic explosive charge |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050199323A1 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2005-09-15 | Nielson Daniel B. | Reactive material enhanced munition compositions and projectiles containing same |
| USRE45899E1 (en) | 2000-02-23 | 2016-02-23 | Orbital Atk, Inc. | Low temperature, extrudable, high density reactive materials |
| US8122833B2 (en) | 2005-10-04 | 2012-02-28 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Reactive material enhanced projectiles and related methods |
| US7977420B2 (en) | 2000-02-23 | 2011-07-12 | Alliant Techsystems Inc. | Reactive material compositions, shot shells including reactive materials, and a method of producing same |
| FR2867469A1 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2005-09-16 | Alliant Techsystems Inc | Reactive composition, useful in military and industrial explosives, comprises a metallic material defining a continuous phase and having an energetic material, which comprises oxidant and/or explosive of class 1.1 |
| US9862027B1 (en) | 2017-01-12 | 2018-01-09 | Dynaenergetics Gmbh & Co. Kg | Shaped charge liner, method of making same, and shaped charge incorporating same |
| BR112019026246A2 (en) | 2017-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Dynaenergetics Gmbh & Co. Kg | MOLDED LOAD COATING |
Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB578991A (en) * | 1941-09-15 | 1946-07-19 | Leonard De Ville Chisman | Improvements in or relating to incendiary projectiles |
| GB588671A (en) * | 1944-11-29 | 1947-05-30 | Samuel Spenceley Smith | Improvements in or relating to pyrotechnic compositions |
| GB935707A (en) * | 1960-04-11 | 1963-09-04 | Aerojet General Co | Fragmentaion missile |
| GB1109113A (en) * | 1963-08-06 | 1968-04-10 | Mini Of Technology | Improvements in the manufacture of cerium-magnesium alloys |
| GB1263522A (en) * | 1969-02-11 | 1972-02-09 | Walter Arthur Foges | Air-gun projectiles |
| GB1271704A (en) * | 1969-10-13 | 1972-04-26 | Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker | Projectile with multiple effect |
| GB1324252A (en) * | 1969-09-23 | 1973-07-25 | Pacific Technical Corp | Tracer projectiles |
| GB1342093A (en) * | 1969-12-04 | 1973-12-25 | Methonics Inc | Explosive devices and methods for making them |
| GB1360333A (en) * | 1971-08-31 | 1974-07-17 | France Etat Defense | Ignition powder |
| GB1469182A (en) * | 1973-04-03 | 1977-03-30 | Knapp C | Explosives |
| GB1507119A (en) * | 1975-11-26 | 1978-04-12 | Diehl | Incendiary ammunition |
| EP0015597A1 (en) * | 1979-02-28 | 1980-09-17 | FABRIQUE NATIONALE HERSTAL en abrégé FN Société Anonyme | Fragmentation-type grenade |
-
1982
- 1982-11-04 SE SE8206279A patent/SE8206279L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1982-11-04 TR TR2099482A patent/TR20994A/en unknown
- 1982-11-04 IT IT8249423A patent/IT8249423A0/en unknown
- 1982-11-04 GB GB8231185A patent/GB2474824B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1982-11-10 PT PT75829A patent/PT75829A/en unknown
- 1982-11-17 FR FR8219218A patent/FR2749382A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB578991A (en) * | 1941-09-15 | 1946-07-19 | Leonard De Ville Chisman | Improvements in or relating to incendiary projectiles |
| GB588671A (en) * | 1944-11-29 | 1947-05-30 | Samuel Spenceley Smith | Improvements in or relating to pyrotechnic compositions |
| GB935707A (en) * | 1960-04-11 | 1963-09-04 | Aerojet General Co | Fragmentaion missile |
| GB1109113A (en) * | 1963-08-06 | 1968-04-10 | Mini Of Technology | Improvements in the manufacture of cerium-magnesium alloys |
| GB1263522A (en) * | 1969-02-11 | 1972-02-09 | Walter Arthur Foges | Air-gun projectiles |
| GB1324252A (en) * | 1969-09-23 | 1973-07-25 | Pacific Technical Corp | Tracer projectiles |
| GB1271704A (en) * | 1969-10-13 | 1972-04-26 | Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker | Projectile with multiple effect |
| GB1342093A (en) * | 1969-12-04 | 1973-12-25 | Methonics Inc | Explosive devices and methods for making them |
| GB1360333A (en) * | 1971-08-31 | 1974-07-17 | France Etat Defense | Ignition powder |
| GB1469182A (en) * | 1973-04-03 | 1977-03-30 | Knapp C | Explosives |
| GB1507119A (en) * | 1975-11-26 | 1978-04-12 | Diehl | Incendiary ammunition |
| EP0015597A1 (en) * | 1979-02-28 | 1980-09-17 | FABRIQUE NATIONALE HERSTAL en abrégé FN Société Anonyme | Fragmentation-type grenade |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019162451A1 (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-08-29 | Rwm Schweiz Ag | Projectile having a pyrotechnic explosive charge |
| RU2751328C1 (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2021-07-13 | Рвм Швайц Аг | Projectile with a pyrotechnical battle charge |
| US11307006B2 (en) | 2018-02-26 | 2022-04-19 | Rwm Schweiz Ag | Projectile having a pyrotechnic explosive charge |
| AU2019224532B2 (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2022-05-19 | Rwm Schweiz Ag | Projectile having a pyrotechnic explosive charge |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2474824B (en) | 2011-09-14 |
| TR20994A (en) | 1983-03-31 |
| SE8206279L (en) | 1983-05-18 |
| GB8231185D0 (en) | 2010-04-07 |
| PT75829A (en) | 1982-12-01 |
| IT8249423A0 (en) | 1982-11-04 |
| FR2749382A1 (en) | 1997-12-05 |
| SE8206279D0 (en) | 1982-11-04 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PE20 | Patent expired after termination of 20 years |
Expiry date: 20021103 |