GB2429980A - Material comprising a carbide, boride or oxide and tungsten carbide - Google Patents
Material comprising a carbide, boride or oxide and tungsten carbide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2429980A GB2429980A GB0518324A GB0518324A GB2429980A GB 2429980 A GB2429980 A GB 2429980A GB 0518324 A GB0518324 A GB 0518324A GB 0518324 A GB0518324 A GB 0518324A GB 2429980 A GB2429980 A GB 2429980A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- carbide
- phase
- oxide
- wear resistant
- boride
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019918 CrB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003862 HfB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 Mo2B Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910015179 MoB Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019742 NbB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910004531 TaB Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910004533 TaB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910007948 ZrB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VWZIXVXBCBBRGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;zirconium Chemical compound B#[Zr]#B VWZIXVXBCBBRGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
Abstract
Cutting tools and wear resistant bodies are made from a material comprising a tungsten carbide matrix with inclusions of ceramic material, the ceramic material comprising one or more of:- A carbide, boride or oxide of a transition metal, A carbide, boride or oxide of an alkaline earth metal, eg BeO, MgO or CaO, A carbide boride or oxide of aluminium, eg Al2O3, A carbide or oxide of boron, eg. B4C.
Description
COMPOSITE CUTTING TOOLS AND WEAR RESISTANT BODIES
The present invention relates to a material which is suitable for forming cutting tools and wear resistant bodies of various kinds, and to cutting tools and wear resistant bodies formed of the material.
The term cutting tool' as used herein is intended to include any tools for cutting or grinding such as, but not limited to, blades, saws, drills, abrasive tools, hones, reamers and wheels. The term wear resistant bodies' includes, but is not limited to, gear wheels.
I have established, in my previously published UK patent application GB2296921A, that Zr02 and TiB2 can be incorporated into a powder metallurgy high speed steel matrix by hot isostatic pressing, demonstrating sufficient wettability to give adequate bond strength with the matrix, yet being retained within the matrix as discrete, readily identifiable phases. The cutting performance of the metal/ceramic composition has been found to be superior to that of the equivalent matrix material without the ceramic addition.
It is known to make cutting tools based upon tungsten carbide which is a high hardness material.
The object of the invention is to provide improved cutting tools and wear resistant bodies based upon tungsten carbide, by inclusion, within a tungsten carbide matrix, of certain ceramic materials. The new cutting tools exhibit improved cutting performance and the wear resistant bodies exhibit low wear rate.
According to a first aspect of the invention there is provided a material for a cuthng tool or for a wear resistant body, which material comprises a first phase of tungsten carbide and a second phase comprising one or more of A carbide, boride or oxide of a transition metal, A carbide, boride or oxide of an alkaline earth metal.
A carbide, boride or oxide of aluminium A carbide or oxide of boron.
According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided a cutting tool or a wear resistant body comprising a first phase of tungsten carbide and a second phase comprising one or more of:- A carbide, boride or oxide of a transition metal, A carbide, boride or oxide of an alkaline earth metal, A carbide, boride or oxide of aluminium A carbide or oxide of boron.
The first phase may include a binder of cobalt, nickel and/or chromium.
The transition metal may comprise a metal from any one or more of the elements in groups Ill, IV, V or VI of the periodic table.
The transition metal may be any one or more of Hf, Mo, Zr, Nb, Cr, Ta Ti, Y, and W. The second phase may be one or more of HfC, MoC, ZrC, Zr02, NbC, CrB, CrB2, HfB2, MoB, Mo2B, NbB2, TaB, TaB2, TiB2, Ti02, W2B, WB, W2B5, ZrB2, or T1ZrB2.
The alkaline earth metal may be any one or more of Be, Mg or Ca.
The second phase may be one or more of BeO, MgO, or CaO The second phase may be one or more of Al203 or B4C Preferably the second phase is present in the material in the amount 0.0001% to 10% wgt.
More preferably the second phase is present in the material amount 0.01% to 2% wgt.
The second phase may be present as discrete particles within a matrix of the first phase.
A specific, non-limiting example of a method by which the material may conveniently be formed into a cutting tool is as follows.
0.02% wgt TiB2 is mixed with tungsten carbide based powder and 2% wgt wax to form a material with a dough-like consistency, and then pressed in a mould to form a body. The body is heated in a furnace to 800 degrees Centigrade under a hydrogen atmosphere to volatilise the wax and form a green state body. The green state body is then ground or otherwise machined into a more specific shape of a tool or wear resistant part, and sintered at 1300 degrees C to 1500 degrees C to provide a solid shaped tool. The tool may be ground to refine the shape still further for use.
I believe that the carbides, borides or oxides of the second phase exist in their cubic, hcp, tetragonal or monoclinic crystal lattice forms. One or more of the crystal structure, thermal properties, hardness and/or limited solubility for tungsten carbide of these ceramic species make them suitable for incorporation into cutting tools and other bodies which are based upon tungsten carbide, such that the tungsten carbide matrix retains the ceramic phase as discrete particles of about 20 micrometres diameter.
The second phase materials have a high hardness, up to 3370HV30, and a melting point of up to 3890 degrees C. The material can be formed into a high speed cutting tool such as a gear cutting hob, a broach, a drill, a tap, a reamer, a shaper or any other cutting tool. One or more cutting edges may be formed roughly thereon. The material can also be used to form a ware resistant part such as a gear.
Without wishing to be bound by any theory it is believed that the second phase improves cutting tool performance because it is harder than the first phase and/or because it presents a barrier to heat transfer within the tool.
It has been found that tools and bodies embodying the present invention have a long life and it is thought that this may be due, in part at least, to the heat absorbing properties of the ceramic material which enable the cutting edge to function at a relatively low temperature and thereby have better edge retention. Given the high speed nature of such tools (which may be as high as 20,000 rpm) the cooling effect should reduce or delay any tendency of the cutting edges to bluntness caused by frictional heating of the cutting edge.
Claims (12)
1. A material for a culling tool or for a wear resistant body, the material comprising a first phase of tungsten carbide and a second phase comprising one or more of A carbide, bonde or oxide of a transition metal, A carbide, boride or oxide of an alkaline earth metal.
A carbide, boride or oxide of aluminium A carbide or oxide of boron.
2. A cutting tool or a wear resistant body comprising a first phase of tungsten carbide and a second phase comprising one or more of:- A carbide, boride or oxide of a transition metal, A carbide, boride or oxide of an alkaline earth metal, A carbide, boride or oxide of aluminium A carbide or oxide of boron.
3. A material according to claim 1, or a culling tool or a wear resistant body according to claim 2, in which the first phase includes a binder of cobalt, nickel and/or chromium.
4. A material according to claim 1, or a culling tool or a wear resistant body according to claim 2, in which the transition metal comprises a metal from any one or more of the elements in groups III, IV, V or VI of the periodic table.
5. A material, a culling tool or a wear resistant body according to claim 4 in which the transition metal is any one or more of Hf, Mo, Zr, Nb, Cr, Ta Ti, Y, and W.
6. A material, a cutting tool, or a wear resistant body according to claim 5 in which the second phase is one or more of HfC, MoC, ZrC, Zr02, NbC, CrB, CrB2, HfB2, MoB, Mo2B, NbB2, TaB, TaB2, TiB2, Ti02, W2B, WB, W2B5, ZrB2, or TiZrB2.
7. A material according to claim 1 or a culling tool or a wear resistant tool according to claim 2 in which the alkaline earth metal is any one or more of Be, Mg or Ca.
8. A material, a cutting tool, or a wear resistant body according to claim 7 in which the second phase is one or more of BeO, MgO, or GaO
9. A material according to claim 1 or a cutting tool or a wear resistant body according to claim 2 in which the second phase is one or more of A1203 or B4C
10. A material according to claim I or a cutting tool or a wear resistant body according to claim 2 in which the second phase is present in the material in the amount 0.0001% to 10% wgt.
11. A material, a cutting tool, or a wear resistant body according to claim 10 in which the second phase is present in the material amount 0. 01% to 2% wgt.
12. A material according to claim I or a cutting tool according to claim 2 in which the second phase is present as discrete particles within a matrix of the first phase.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0518324A GB2429980A (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2005-09-08 | Material comprising a carbide, boride or oxide and tungsten carbide |
| PCT/GB2006/003342 WO2007029017A1 (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2006-09-08 | Composite cutting tools, wear resistant bodies and finished products |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0518324A GB2429980A (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2005-09-08 | Material comprising a carbide, boride or oxide and tungsten carbide |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0518324D0 GB0518324D0 (en) | 2005-10-19 |
| GB2429980A true GB2429980A (en) | 2007-03-14 |
Family
ID=35221114
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0518324A Withdrawn GB2429980A (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2005-09-08 | Material comprising a carbide, boride or oxide and tungsten carbide |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2429980A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007029017A1 (en) |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1114353A (en) * | 1965-06-23 | 1968-05-22 | Wall Colmonoy Corp | Abrasive articles |
| JPS6067637A (en) * | 1983-09-20 | 1985-04-18 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Cermet for cutting tool or hot processing tool |
| US4720201A (en) * | 1984-09-27 | 1988-01-19 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Printer guide member |
| JPH0196083A (en) * | 1987-10-06 | 1989-04-14 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Surface-coated cubic boron nitride based material sintered under superhigh pressure to be used for cutting tool |
| JPH0387369A (en) * | 1989-08-29 | 1991-04-12 | Hitachi Tool Eng Ltd | Coated sintered hard alloy tool |
| US5030519A (en) * | 1990-04-24 | 1991-07-09 | Amorphous Metals Technologies, Inc. | Tungsten carbide-containing hard alloy that may be processed by melting |
| AT394329B (en) * | 1987-10-12 | 1992-03-10 | Anh Tuan Dipl Ing Dr Techn Ta | Sintered body and a method for its manufacture |
| US5801110A (en) * | 1997-04-07 | 1998-09-01 | Miltex Instrument Company | Ceramic composition for coating surgical and dental instruments |
| JP2004339587A (en) * | 2003-05-19 | 2004-12-02 | Nippon Tungsten Co Ltd | Self-lubricating hard material |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE68916987T2 (en) * | 1988-03-11 | 1994-12-01 | Vermont American Corp | Treated carbide. |
| SE467210B (en) * | 1988-10-21 | 1992-06-15 | Sandvik Ab | MAKE MANUFACTURING TOOL MATERIALS FOR CUTTING PROCESSING |
| JP3324658B2 (en) * | 1992-07-21 | 2002-09-17 | 東芝タンガロイ株式会社 | Sintered alloy having fine pores and method for producing the same |
| GB9500503D0 (en) * | 1995-01-11 | 1995-03-01 | Saveker Jonathan J | High speed cutting tool |
| DE19709651A1 (en) * | 1996-03-16 | 1997-10-30 | Widia Gmbh | Composite material used in production of e.g. cutting plates |
| AU4713297A (en) * | 1996-10-21 | 1998-05-15 | John James Saveker | Carbide material and tools including such material |
| US6641918B1 (en) * | 1999-06-03 | 2003-11-04 | Powdermet, Inc. | Method of producing fine coated tungsten carbide particles |
| US6634837B1 (en) * | 2000-10-30 | 2003-10-21 | Cerbide Corporation | Ceramic cutting insert of polycrystalline tungsten carbide |
| JP2002167639A (en) * | 2000-11-24 | 2002-06-11 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Cermet based sintered material for tool and its production method |
-
2005
- 2005-09-08 GB GB0518324A patent/GB2429980A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-09-08 WO PCT/GB2006/003342 patent/WO2007029017A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1114353A (en) * | 1965-06-23 | 1968-05-22 | Wall Colmonoy Corp | Abrasive articles |
| JPS6067637A (en) * | 1983-09-20 | 1985-04-18 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Cermet for cutting tool or hot processing tool |
| US4720201A (en) * | 1984-09-27 | 1988-01-19 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Printer guide member |
| JPH0196083A (en) * | 1987-10-06 | 1989-04-14 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Surface-coated cubic boron nitride based material sintered under superhigh pressure to be used for cutting tool |
| AT394329B (en) * | 1987-10-12 | 1992-03-10 | Anh Tuan Dipl Ing Dr Techn Ta | Sintered body and a method for its manufacture |
| JPH0387369A (en) * | 1989-08-29 | 1991-04-12 | Hitachi Tool Eng Ltd | Coated sintered hard alloy tool |
| US5030519A (en) * | 1990-04-24 | 1991-07-09 | Amorphous Metals Technologies, Inc. | Tungsten carbide-containing hard alloy that may be processed by melting |
| US5801110A (en) * | 1997-04-07 | 1998-09-01 | Miltex Instrument Company | Ceramic composition for coating surgical and dental instruments |
| JP2004339587A (en) * | 2003-05-19 | 2004-12-02 | Nippon Tungsten Co Ltd | Self-lubricating hard material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2007029017A1 (en) | 2007-03-15 |
| GB0518324D0 (en) | 2005-10-19 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |