GB2295163A

GB2295163A - Apparatus and method for guiding a fibre sliver combination at a draw frame

Info

Publication number: GB2295163A
Application number: GB9522009A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Ferdinand Leifeld
Original assignee: Truetzschler GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Truetzschler GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 1994-10-31
Filing date: 1995-10-27
Publication date: 1996-05-22
Anticipated expiration: 2015-10-27
Also published as: GB2295163B; GB9522009D0

Abstract

An apparatus for guiding, and for measuring the thickness of, a fibre sliver combination at a draw frame, e.g. on autoleveller draw frame, has a sliver guide 2 at the inlet to the drawing equipment whose walls are at least partly conical to bring the slivers together in one row. The guide 2 is followed by a pair of rollers, after which the slivers diverge. The guide has a biassed, movable feeler 22 which, together with a fixed counter-element 34, forms a constriction for the slivers. A change in the position of the feeder, in the event of differing fibre thickness acts on a transducer to produce a control pulse. The sliver guide is preceded by a preformer guide which has opposite side walls 65a, 65b for bringing together incoming fibre slivers and is open elsewhere. <IMAGE>

Description

Apparatus and method for guiding a fibre sliver combination at a draw frame The invention relates to an apparatus and method for guiding a fibre sliver combination at a draw frame, in particular, but not exclusively, at an autoleveller draw frame.

A known draw frame has a sliver guide for guiding the fibre slivers at the inlet to the drawing equipment, the walls of which sliver guide are constructed to be at least partly conical (as seen in section) and to bring the incoming fibre slivers together in one plane. The sliver guide is followed by a pair of rollers, after which the fibre slivers diverge again. The sliver guide has associated with it a biassed, movable feeler element which, together with a counter-element that is fixed during operation, forms a constriction for the fibre sliver combination, comprising fibre slivers, passing through and a change in the position of which in the event of a different thickness of the fibre sliver combination acts on a transducer to produce a control signal.The fibre slivers in the sliver guide are condensed in one row and sensed and the pair of rollers draws off the sensed fibre slivers.

In the known apparatus, two sliver guides are arranged one behind the other. The fibre slivers enter first of all the upstream sliver guide and are here subjected to preliminary condensing. The upstream sliver guide is arranged at a slight distance from the downstream sliver guide so that air is able to escape in this gap; a vent opening is consequently formed. The upstream sliver guide, like the downstream sliver guide, has two conically converging lateral surfaces, a top surface and a bottom surface, and apart from the inlet and outlet area, is therefore closed on all sides. In the upstream sliver guide the fibre slivers are preformed to a fibre sliver combination that is already precondensed, air being expelled in this process.

Because both the top and bottom surfaces converge conically in the direction of working, the fibre sliver combination comprising several fibre slivers is unable to yield upwards or downwards, but is forced through and compressed by the exit opening of the upstream sliver guide. The delivery rollers have to draw the fibre sliver combination through both sliver guides.

It is an object of the invention to provide an improved apparatus and method for guiding a fibre sliver combination at a draw frame.

According to the invention there is provided an apparatus for guiding a fibre sliver combination at an inlet to drawing equipment, the apparatus including a sliver guide through which a plurality of slivers are arranged to be drawn as a fibre sliver combination, the apparatus including a preformer upstream of the sliver guide including walls on opposite sides of the slivers for bringing the slivers together prior to their entering the guide, the preformer being open on at least one other side.

According to the invention there is also provided an apparatus on a draw frame, for measuring the thickness of a fibre sliver combination, having a sliver guide for guiding the fibre slivers at the inlet to the drawing equipment, the walls of which sliver guide are constructed to be at least partly conical and to bring the incoming fibre slivers together in one plane and which is followed by a pair of delivery rollers, after which the fibre slivers diverge again, in which apparatus the sliver guide has associated with it a biassed, movable feeler element which, together with a fixed counter-surface, forms a constriction for the fibre sliver combination, comprising fibre slivers, passing through, wherein the fibre slivers in the sliver guide are condensed in one plane and are sensed, and a change in the position of which feeler element in the event of a different thickness of the fibre sliver combination acts on a transducer to produce a control pulse, and in which apparatus the sliver guide is preceded by a preformer, characterized in that the preformer has an open top and/or bottom surface and the lateral surfaces are capable of bringing the incoming fibre slivers laterally together and guiding them.

Because the preformer has no top and/or bottom surface, that is, is open in an upward direction and/or downward direction, the fibre slivers are merely collected, brought together from the side and conveyed in the direction of the entry opening of the sliver guide.

The fibre slivers are able to yield in an upward and/or downward direction, with the result that the fibre sliver combination becomes somewhat thicker. The fibre slivers are essentially brought together until they come into engagement with adjacent fibre slivers. At the same time, the lateral walls of the preformer introduce the fibre sliver combination into the sliver guide in such a manner that the friction of the outermost slivers of the fibre sliver combination on the inner surfaces of the lateral walls of the sliver guide is reduced. In the sliver guide the condensing of the fibre sliver combination is greater in the lateral direction than in the vertical direction, the more so as the laterally condensed fibre sliver combination is sensed. The delivery rollers need to draw the fibre sliver combination with only slight force through the preformer.

The lateral surfaces are expediently bowed convexly towards one another. The distance between the lateral surfaces is preferably adjustable and variable. The spacing of the lateral surfaces at the outlet of the preformer is advantageously smaller than the spacing of the lateral surfaces at the entry to the sliver guide.

The lateral surfaces are preferably pivotable about a rotary joint about a vertical axis. The rotary joint expediently comprises a setting and locking bolt which engages in an aperture in a plate or the like. The bolt preferably has a thread which engages with a thread in the aperture. The bolt is advantageously displaceable in respect of its position. An adjusting means, for example, an adjusting screw or similar means, is preferably associated with the lateral surfaces. The lateral surfaces expediently have at their lower end an opening or the like. At least partly between the lower edge of the lateral surface and a base plate or similar there is preferably provided a spacing. The lateral surfaces of the preformer advantageously run conically towards the sliver guide.

The apparatus preferably includes a further sliver guide that is exchangeable with or insertable into the first mentioned guide. Because the entire sliver guide is exchanged, the fibre slivers pass through the sliver guide without fibres getting caught. Each sliver guide may consist of one piece, that is, the lateral walls and the top and bottom walls may be constructed so that they are completely closed with respect to one another. In addition, exchange of the sliver guides with different angles of the lateral surfaces with respect to one another (lateral slopes) allows an adaptation. In the event of a change in the type and/or number of fibre slivers the device according to the invention enables the fibre slivers to be guided in an improved manner through the sliver guide in a simple and advantageous manner.

Preferably the apparatus further includes a counter element that together with the movable feeler element forms a constriction through which the fibre sliver combination is arranged to pass with the movable feeler element biassed into contact with the fibre sliver combination and pressing the fibre sliver combination against the counter-element.

Preferably the counter-element is mounted for pivotal movement, preferably about an axis at right angles to the plane of the fibre slivers. Because the counter-element is rotatable, guidance of the fibre slivers is improved on a change in the type and/or number of fibre slivers. The change in the angle between the counter-element and the lateral surfaces of the sliver guide allows an adaptation to take place on change in the processing of the fibre slivers.

The counter-element advantageously has a pivot bearing associated with it. The pivot bearing is preferably fixed. Preferably the pivot bearing is displaceable. The pivot bearing is advantageously associated with one end of the counter-element. The pivot bearing is advantageously associated with the outlet end of a conical wall surface of the sliver guide.

The feeler element and the counter-element preferably engage through the lateral surfaces of the sliver guide.

The sliver guide is advantageously exchangeable. The exchangeable sliver guides preferably have different entry and/or exit cross-sections for the guided slivers.

Expediently at least one conical guide surface, for example, a retaining element, is present for the exchangeable sliver guide. The exchangeable sliver guide (insert sliver guide) is preferably arranged to be inserted into the inner region of the sliver guide. The biassed feeler element is preferably subjected to an adjustable prestress. A spring, for example, a tension spring, is preferably provided as the biassing means.

The feeler element is expediently in the form of a twoarmed lever, one arm of which is acted on by one end of the spring. The fixing point of the other end of the spring is preferably movable. The other end of the spring is preferably secured to an adjustable retaining element, which may be, for example, the lever arm, a bearing with adjusting screw or similar means. The lever arm (clamping lever) advantageously has a hand grip. The lever arm is expediently arranged to be fixed in different positions. The lever arm is preferably mounted on a pivot bearing. The pivot bearing for the adjusting lever is preferably secured to the base plate. The feeler element is advantageously arranged to be swung out in such a manner that the cross-sectional area of the exit opening of the sliver guide is free. The feeler element is expediently arranged to be swung out for the start of operation.The feeler element is preferably arranged to be swung out for cleaning of the sliver guide. The feeler element is preferably in the form of a two-armed lever, one lever arm being arranged to be converted (changed over) from the operational position to a swung-out position. A pivoted lever is advantageously associated with the lever arm remote from the feeler element. The pivoted lever is expediently arranged to be fixed in different positions. The pivoted lever is preferably mounted on a pivot bearing. The feeler element is preferably mounted on a pivot bearing. The pivot bearing and the adjusting means for the counterelement, for example, adjusting screw, are advantageously fixed on the base plate. The sliver guide is expediently releasably secured to the retaining element, for example, by a screw.The angle (a) between the counter-element and the adjacent lateral wall is preferably adjustable.

The lateral walls of the exchangeable sliver guides are each preferably arranged at a different angle with respect to one another. The lateral walls may be one pair of walls that may extend perpendicular to a base plate on which the guide is mounted; the feeler element and counter-element may be mounted in respective ones of said one pair of walls. Between the sliver guide on the one hand and the feeler element and/or the counterelement on the other hand there is advantageously a seal, for example, of rubber.

The present invention also provides a method of guiding a fibre sliver combination at an inlet to drawing equipment, the method including the steps of drawing a plurality of slivers through a preformer and then through a sliver guide as a fibre sliver combination, the apparatus being as defined above.

Certain embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. la is a diagrammatic side view of an autoleveller draw frame including a sliver guide, Fig. lb is a plan view of the drawing-in zone, Fig. 2 is a plan view of a section through the sliver guide and showing an arrangement in which delivery rollers downstream of the guide are arranged vertically, Figs 3a and 3b are more detailed sectional views of the sliver guide, showing a pivotable counter element of the guide in respective positions, Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the sliver guide according to Figures 3a and 3b, but with an exchanged insert sliver guide element having a larger entry and exit cross-section, Fig. 4a is a detailed view of the mechanism for adjusting the position of the counter element, Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a sliver guide of the kind shown in Figs. 3a and 3b, Figs 6a and 6b show a sliver guide including an adjustable tension spring for a feeler element, the element being shown in different postiions in each drawing, Figs. 7a and 7b show a sliver guide similar to that of Figs. 6a and 6b but further including a mechanism for retracting the feeler element, which is shown in a retracted position in Fig. 7b, Fig. 8 is a sectional view of a sliver guide in which the position of the mounting for a counter-element is adjustable, Fig. 9 is a sectional view of a sliver guide having a pivotably mounted counter-element, Fig. 10 is a sectional view of a sliver guide having a counter-element that is mounted for translational movement, Fig. lla is a plan view of the drawing-in zone showing a sliver guide provided with a preformer upstream thereof, Fig. llb is a sectional end view along the lines I-I of Fig. lla of the sliver guide, Fig. 12 is a sectional view of fibre slivers passing through the sliver guide and preformer of Fig. lla, Fig. 13 is a partly sectional view of part of the preformer shown in Fig. lla, Fig. 14 is a sectional view of fibre slivers passing through a sliver guide and preformer, the preformer being a modified version of the preformer shown in Fig. lla, and Fig. 15 is a sectional view of the sliver guide and preformer of Fig. lla, showing further details of the assembly.

Fig. la shows diagrammatically in side view a highperformance draw frame, for example, of the type manufactured by Trützschler GmbH & Co. KG, as the highperformance draw frame HS 900. Fibre slivers 3 coming from cans, not illustrated, enter a sliver guide 2 and, pulled by delivery rollers 4, 5, are transported past a measuring element (feeler element) 6. The drawing equipment 1 consists essentially of an upper draw frame feed roller 7 and a lower draw frame feed roller 8, which are associated with a preparatory drawing zone 9 containing an upper pre-drawing roller 10 and a lower pre-drawing roller 11. Between the upper pre-drawing roller 10 with lower pre-drawing roller 11 and an upper main drawing roller 13 with a lower main drawing roller 15 is a main drawing zone 12.The lower main drawing roller 15 has associated with it a second upper main drawing roller 14. The drawing system here is therefore a four over three drawing system.

After passing the upper main drawing roller 14, the drawn fibre slivers 3 reach the guide 16 and are drawn by means of the delivery rollers 18, 18' through the sliver funnel 17, are condensed to a single sliver and deposited in cans, not illustrated. The main drawing rollers 13, 14, 15 and the delivery rollers 18, 18' are driven by the main motor 19 which is controlled by a computer 21.

Signals detected by the measuring element 6 at the sliver guide 2 also enter the computer 21 and are converted into commands which control a servo motor 20 which drives the upper delivery roller 4, the lower delivery roller 5 and the rollers of the pre-drawing zone 9, that is, the upper feed roller 7 of the draw frame, the lower feed roller 8 of the draw frame, the upper predrawing roller 10 and the lower pre-drawing roller 11.

Fluctuations that occur in values of the incoming amount of fibre in the fibre slivers 3 are ascertained by the measuring element 6 and the fluctuations are evened out by means of the servo motor 20, controlled by the computer 21, by changing by the same proportionate amount the roller speeds at the rollers 4, 5, 7, 8, 10 and 11.

In Fig. lb, a plan view of the drawing-in zone, the upper delivery roller 4 is not illustrated for the sake of clarity. The fibre slivers 3 are brought together in the sliver guide 2; the feeler element 22 is mounted in a pivot bearing 30 and comprises two arms that are integral with one another. One arm is in contact with the fibre slivers 3, while the other arm, a lever 31 (Fig. 2), is acted upon by forces that will be explained later. A counter-surface for the feeler element 22, that is, the wall of the sliver guide lying opposite the feeler element, is in the form of a counter-element 34 which is constructed to be adjustable in the region of the constriction 23. The adjustment can be effected by an adjusting screw (see for example screw 35 in Fig. 3a).

Fig. 2 shows how the individual fibre slivers 3 are brought together lying side by side in the sliver guide 2 and are sensed at the constriction 23 of the sliver guide 2 by means of the feeler element 22. The feeler element 22 is mounted on a pivot bearing 30, has a tension spring 32 acting on it at the lever 31, and is additionally connected to a measuring element 33 which in this particular case is constructed as a moving coil instrument. Changes in the amount of fibre supplied in the fibre slivers 3 are thus detected as a change in volume. Differing from the arrangement in Fig. lb, the delivery rollers 4 and 5 are arranged on vertical axes, that is, as the fibre slivers 3 run into the nip 26 of the rollers 4, 5 they are clamped on each side.

Figs 3a and 3b show an apparatus for measuring the thickness of a fibre sliver combination 3 on a draw frame 1 having a sliver guide 2 for guiding the fibre slivers 3 to the intake of the draw frame. The walls 2a to 2d of the sliver guide are constructed to be partly conical (walls 2a and 2d on the one hand and walls 2b and 2c on the other hand are each flat and inclined towards one another in the direction of travel of the sliver combination) and to bring the incoming fibre slivers 3 together in one planar row. The guide is followed by a pair of rollers 4, 5 after which the fibre slivers diverge again.The sliver guide 2 has a biassed, movable feeler element 22 which, together with a counter-element 34 that is in a fixed position during operation, forms a constriction 23 (reference numeral 23 is marked in Fig. 2) for the fibre sliver combination, comprising the fibre slivers 3, passing through. A change in the position of the feeler element 22 in the event of a different thickness of the fibre sliver combination 3 is sensed by a transducer 33 to produce a control signal or pulse. The fibre slivers 3 in the sliver guide 2 are condensed in a single row and sensed and the pair of rollers 4 and 5 draws the sensed fibre slivers 3 through the guide 2. The counter-element 34 opposite the feeler element 22 can be adjusted and fixed, for example, by an adjusting screw 35.The counter-element 34 is rotatable about the axis of a pivot bearing 36 at right angles to the plane of the fibre slivers 3 in the direction of the arrows A, B. The pivot bearing 36 is towards the outlet end of the guide 2. The feeler element 22 and the counter-element 34 are situated in the lateral walls 2b and 2c of the sliver guide 2 (see Fig. 5). By means of the adjusting screw 35 (which itself is pivotably mounted to provide the necessary freedom of movement) the leverlike counter-element 34 can be rotated about the pivot point 36, for example, upon change in the processed sliver quality (the draw frame 1 is inoperative during this), so that the distance between the counter-element 34 and the feeler element 22 in the region of the constriction 23 is changed (calibrated) from distance a (Fig. 3a) to distance b (Fig. 3b).At the same time, the angle between the wall 2c and the counter-element 34 is changed. The feeler element 22 biassed by the spring 32 responds in operation to any change in the thickness of the fibre slivers 3 passing through, with the result that the distance between the feeler element 22 and the fixed counter-element 34 changes correspondingly in operation on changes in thickness of the fibre slivers.

As illustrated in Fig. 3a, the sliver guide 2 has two conically extending lateral walls 2b, 2c with an entry width c and an exit width d. The wall 2b lies with its outer surface against a bar-like retaining element 38, which is secured at right angles on a base plate 39 and parallel to the wall 2b (compare Fig. 5).

In Fig. 4, the sliver guide 2 is shown exchanged, for example, because of a batch change (different fibres being processed), for a different sliver guide 2' having a larger entry width c' and a larger exit width d'. The adjusting device 35 and the pivot bearing 36 are secured, as they are in Fig. 3a, by means of screws 41a, 41b in threaded bores 42 in the base plate 40, and are laterally displaceable in the direction of the arrows C, D (see Fig. 3a).

Fig. 4a shows in detail how the mounting of the counter-element 34 is effected. A threaded shaft 37 is fixed at one end to the counter-element 34. The overall length of the threaded shaft 37 is adjustable intermediate its ends by means known per se (the shaft 37 is actually formed in two parts having threads of opposite hand and joined by an internally screw-threaded collar, rotation of which alters the length of the shaft 37). At its other end the threaded shaft 37 is secured to a mounting by nuts on either side of the mounting and is also rotatable (to a limited extent) relative to the mounting by virtue of bushes 35a and 35b with arcuate faces. Alternatively the length of the shaft 37 may be fixed and the shaft axially adjustable in the mounting.

As shown in Fig. 5, the sliver guide 2 consists of the walls 2a to 2d. The top surface 2a in the region of the constriction 23, or the exit of the fibre slivers 3, has a region 2a' which lies opposite a region 2d' of the bottom surface 2d. The lateral wall surfaces 2b, 2c are open or slot-shaped in the region of the constriction 23 so that the feeler element 22 and the counter-element 34 are able to pass through and come into contact laterally, by contact pressure, with the fibre slivers 3. The bottom surface 2d' is fixed to base plates 39 and 40 which extend beyond with the sliver guide 2. The base plates 39, 40 may be integrally formed with the wall 2d' as extensions thereof. L denotes the direction of working.

Referring now to Figs 6a, 6b, a two-armed lever 31 is provided, which is rotatable about a pivot bearing 30 in the direction of arrows E, F, and of which one lever arm 31b forms the feeler element 22. One end of a tension spring 32 acts on the end of the other lever arm 31a; the other end of the spring is secured to a one armed adjusting lever 43. The adjusting lever 43 is rotatable in the direction of the arrows G, H about a pivot bearing 44 which is arranged on the base plate 39.

When the adjusting lever 43, which may be moved with a snap action, is moved from the position illustrated in Fig. 6a in the direction of the arrow H into the position illustrated in Fig. 6b, the end point of the spring 32 is shifted, whereupon the prestress and thus the springbiassing of the feeler element 22 is changed. In Fig. 6a, reference numerals 45 and 46 denote locking devices, for example slots and pins, for locking the adjusting lever 43 in selected positions.

Referring now to Figs. 7a and 7b, there is shown a further one-armed pivoted lever 47, which is rotatable in the direction of the arrows I, K about the pivot bearing 48, which is secured to the base plate 39. The pivoted lever bears against an abutment 49, for example, a stop, which is arranged on the base plate 39. One end of a tension spring 50 acts on the pivoted lever 47 at a retaining point 51, whilst the other end of the tension spring 50 is secured to a fixed bearing 52. A driver element, for example, a pin 53 or similar means, which is able to engage with the lever arm 31a of the lever 31, is provided on the pivoted lever 47. In the position shown in Fig. 7a the pin 53 may be arranged not to interfere with the lever 31.When the lockable pivoted lever 47 is moved from the position shown in Fig. 7a in the direction of the arrow I into the position illustrated in Fig. 7b, the lever arm 31a is shifted by the pin 53 exerting pressure on it, with the result that at the same time the distance between the feeler element 22 and the counter-element 34 is enlarged from a (Fig. 7a) to e (Fig. 7b). The opening in the region of the fibre exit is consequently much enlarged, which considerably facilitates threading up of the fibre slivers 3 when starting a new job or cleaning of the inner surfaces of the sliver guide. Reference numerals 54 and 55 denote locking or fixing devices for the pivoted lever 47, for example, apertures or the like in the wall.

Referring now to Fig. 8, the pivot bearing 36 and the counter-element 34 and the adjusting means with the adjusting screw 35 are fixed to a displacement element 56 which is arranged to be moved and fixed in position using screws in threaded bores 42 in the base plate 40 (Fig. 5). Between the lateral walls 2b, 2c of the sliver guide 2 on the one hand and the feeler element 22 and counter-element 34 on the other hand there is a respective rubber seal 62, 61 (compare also Fig. 3a).

According to Fig. 9, the counter-element 34 is arranged to be rotatable about the pivot bearing 36.

According to Fig. 10, the counter-element 34 has a slot 57 through which a screw 58 engages. In this manner the counter-element 34 is displaceable in relation to the screw 58, the screw 58 serving at the same time to fix the set position. The set position of the counter element 34 remains unchanged during routine operation.

If desired, this arrangement can be modified to allow the counter-element 34 to pivot about the screw 58.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. lla, which is a plan view, the sliver guide 2 is preceded by a preformer 65 which comprises two lateral surfaces 65a, 65b bowed convexly towards one another. The preformer 65 does not have top and bottom surfaces, that is, it is open towards the top and towards the bottom. At one end, each lateral surface 65a, 65b is pivotable about a respective pivot joint 66a, 66b in the direction of the arrows L, M and N, O respectively about a vertical axis. The lateral surfaces 65a, 65b are inclined inwards towards the entry opening of the sliver guide 2. In Fig. lla the incoming fibre slivers are denoted by reference numeral 3 and the leaving fibre slivers are denoted by reference number 3'.

As shown in Fig. llb, the sliver guide 2 has an upper top surface 2a, two lateral surfaces 2b, 2c and a lower bottom surface 2d. The guide also has an entry opening 2e (see Fig. 2) and an exit opening 2f, each of which is open. The feeler element and counter-element are not shown in Fig. llb.

Referring now to Fig. 12, the fibre slivers 3 enter the entry opening of the preformer 65 substantially as individual slivers and are brought together at the sides by the converging lateral surfaces 65a, 65b, the fibre slivers 3 coming into contact with adjacent fibre slivers 3 and thereby forming one fibre sliver combination. The fibre slivers 3 are able to yield to a slight extent in an upward and downward direction, so that the fibre sliver combination is somewhat thicker than the individual incoming fibre slivers 3 in the vertical direction. The distance h between the lateral surfaces 65a, 65b at the exit of the preformer 65 is smaller than the distance c between the lateral surfaces 2b, 2c at the entry 2e of the sliver guide 2.The fibre sliver combination is consequently guided in such a manner that the friction of the laterally outer fibre slivers 3 against the inner surfaces of the lateral walls 2b, 2c is as low as possible. This guidance of the fibre sliver combination can be altered in the desired manner by adjusting the distance between the lateral surfaces 65a, 65b (cf. Figs lla and 14). The fibre sliver combination is condensed in the sliver guide 2 and sensed at a constriction (see distance a in Fig. 15) in the region of the exit opening 2f by the feeler element 22. The feeler element 22 co-operates with an inductive displacement sensor 33, which emits an electrical pulse on a change in thickness.

As shown in Fig. 13, the rotary joint 66b comprises a bolt 67 which at one end is fixed by means of a screw thread in a threaded bore 68 in a base plate 69. The lateral surface 65b is secured to the bolt 67. Between the lower edge of the lateral surface 65b and the base plate 69 there is a spacing f which prevents the accumulation of fibres and other material. In the base plate 69 there are several bores 68 (see Fig. lla), so that the bolts 67 can be displaced. The head of the bolt 67 presses on the lateral surface 65b and fixes this in its position. The reference numeral 73 denotes an aperture. The fixing of the lateral surface 65a can be similar.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 14, each lateral surface 65a, 65b is in the form of an arc or similar configuration, which is rotatable about a respective pivot joint 70a, 70b. An adjusting element 71a, 71b, for example, an adjusting screw, engages a lever arm.

Furthermore, a spring 72a, 72b is mounted on this lever arm. The respective other lever arm forms the lateral walls of the preformer. In Fig. 14 the parts 71b and 72b are not shown but it will be understood that they are substantially the same as the parts 71a and 72a.

Fig. 15 shows an apparatus with a preformer 65 and, arranged downstream, a sliver guide 2. The preformer 65 has an entry width g and an exit width h. The lateral walls 65a, 65b are pivotable in the direction of the arrows L, M and N, 0 respectively.

Various features that are described and illustrated with reference to one embodiment could also be applied to other embodiments and the description should be understood accordingly. For example, the use of a pivotable counter-element as shown in Figs. 3a and 3b may be employed in Fig. lla, Fig. 12 and Fig. 14. Also, although interchangeable guides are described only with reference to certain embodiments it should be understood that they may also be used in other embodiments such as those of Figs. 8 to 15. Similarly, the mechanism shown in Figs. 6a and 6b for adjusting the tension in the spring 32 and the mechanism shown in Figs. 7a and 7b for swinging out the feeler element 22 may be employed in other embodiments. Furthermore, although a preformer 65 is shown only in the embodiments of Figs. lla to 15, there may be a preformer provided also in the earlier embodiments. Similar comments apply to other features and thus drawings which, when taken as a whole, do not themselves illustrate embodiments of the present invention are nonetheless useful for showing certain features that may be incorporated in embodiments of the invention.

Claims

Patent Claims

1. An apparatus for guiding a fibre sliver combination at an inlet to drawing equipment, the apparatus including a sliver guide through which a plurality of slivers are arranged to be drawn as a fibre sliver combination, the apparatus including a preformer upstream of the sliver guide including walls on opposite sides of the slivers for bringing the slivers together prior to their entering the guide, the preformer being open on at least one other side.

2. An apparatus according to claim 1, in which the preformer is open on two other sides that are opposite to one another.

3. An apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, in which the preformer is open on a top side.

4. An apparatus according to any preceding claim, in which the preformer is open on a bottom side.

5. An apparatus according to any preceding claim, in which the walls on opposite side walls of the preformer are bowed convexly towards one another.

6. An apparatus according to any preceding claim, in which the spacing of the opposide side walls of the preformer at the outlet of the preformer is less than the spacing of corresponding opposite side walls of the sliver guide at the inlet thereto.

7. An apparatus according to any preceding claim, in which the position of the opposite side walls of the preformer is adjustable.

8. An apparatus according to claim 7, in which each of the opposite side walls are pivotable about an axis substantially parallel to, or coincident with, the side wall and substantially perpendicular to the direction of travel of the slivers through the apparatus.

9. An apparatus according to claim 8, in which the axis is vertical.

10. An apparatus according to claim 8 or 9, in which the pivotal mounting for each side wall is provided by a shaft that is engaged in a mounting.

11. An apparatus according to claim 10, in which the mounting comprises a plate.

12. An apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, in which the shaft has a thread which engages with a thread in the mounting.

13. An apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 12, in which the shaft can be engaged on the mounting in a plurality of positions displaced from one another.

14. An apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 13, further including adjusting means for adjusting the positions of the opposite side walls of the preformer.

15. An apparatus according to claim 14, in which the adjusting means comprises a screw adjusting means.

16. An apparatus according to any preceding claim, in which at least one of the opposite side walls of the preformer is mounted on a base member with an edge of said at least one side wall adjacent to but spaced from the base member along a substantial part of the length thereof, thereby defining an opening between said at least one side wall and said base member.

17. An apparatus according to any preceding claim, in which the opposite side walls of the preformer converge progressively from an inlet end of the preformer to an outlet end of the preformer.

18. An apparatus according to any preceding claim, further including a movable feeler element associated with the sliver guide and biassed towards a position arranged to contact the fibre sliver combination and a transducer for producing a signal in response to movement of the movable feeler element.

19. An apparatus according to claim 18, in which the movable feeler element contacts the fibre sliver combination on the same side as one of the opposite side walls of the preformer.

20. An apparatus according to claim 18 or 19, further including a counter-element that together with the movable feeler element forms a constriction through which the fibre sliver combination is arranged to pass with the movable feeler element biassed into contact with the fibre sliver combination and pressing the fibre sliver combination against the counter-element.

21. An apparatus according to claim 20, in which the feeler element and the counter-element are mounted in and project inwardly from side walls of the sliver guide.

22. An apparatus according to any one of claims 18 to 21, in which the degree of bias applied to the feeler element is adjustable.

23. An apparatus according to any one of claims 18 to 22, in which the feeler element is in the form of a twoarmed lever, one arm of which is for contacting the fibre sliver combination and the other end of which is acted upon by a biassing means to bias the feeler element into contact with the fibre sliver combination.

24. An apparatus according to any one of claims 18 to 23, in which a spring is provided for biassing the feeler element.

25. An apparatus according to claim 24, in which the spring is a tension spring.

26. An apparatus according to claim 24 or 25, in which the position of the end of the spring remote from the feeler element is movable.

27. An apparatus according to any one of claims 24 to 26, in which the end of the spring remote from the feeler element is secured to an adjustable retaining element.

28. An apparatus according to claim 27, in which the adjustable retaining element is arranged to be fixable in different positions.

29. An apparatus according to claim 27 or 28, in which the adjustable retaining element is a lever arm.

30. An apparatus according to claim 29, in which the lever arm has a hand grip.

31. An apparatus according to claim 29 or 30, in which the lever arm is mounted on a pivot bearing.

32. An apparatus according to claim 31, in which the pivot bearing for the lever arm is secured to a base plate.

33. An apparatus according to any one of claims 18 to 32, in which the feeler element is able to be swung out in such a manner that the exit opening of the sliver guide is unobstructed.

34. An apparatus according to any one of claims 18 to 33, in which the feeler element is able to be swung out in such a manner that it does not project into any part of the interior of the sliver guide.

35. An apparatus according to claim 33 or 34, in which the feeler element is arranged to be swung out at the start of operation.

36. An apparatus according to any one of claims 33 to 35, in which the feeler element is arranged to be swung out for cleaning of the sliver guide.

37. An apparatus according to any one of claims 33 to 36, in which a pivoted lever is provided to swing out the feeler element.

38. An apparatus according to claim 37, in which the pivoted lever is arranged to be fixable in different positions.

39. An apparatus according to any one of claims 19 to 38, in which between the sliver guide and the feeler element and/or the counter-element there is a seal.

40. An apparatus according to claim 39, in which the seal is of rubber.

41. An apparatus according to claim 20 or any one of claims 21 to 40 when dependent upon claim 20, in which the counter-element is movable and is able to be fixed against movement during passage of the fibre sliver combination through the guide.

42. An apparatus according to claim 41, in which the counter-element is mounted for pivotal movement in a direction towards and away from the movable feeler element.

43. An apparatus according to claim 42, in which the axis of pivotal movement of the counter-element is fixed.

44. An apparatus according to claim 42, in which the axis of pivotal movement of the counter-element is displaceable.

45. An apparatus according to any one of claims 42 to 44, in which the counter-element is mounted at one end for pivotal movement.

46. An apparatus according to any one of claims 42 to 45, in which the axis of pivotal movement of the counterelement is at an outlet end of the sliver guide.

47. An apparatus according to any preceding claim, in which the sliver guide has an interior passage that is tapered, being of smaller cross-section at a downstream region than at an upstream region.

48. An apparatus according to claim 47, in which the exit cross-section of the passage is smaller than the entry cross-section.

49. An apparatus according to any preceding claim, in which the plurality of slivers are arranged to be drawn through the guide as a single row of slivers.

50. An apparatus according to any preceding claim, including a further sliver guide provided with a different entry cross-section and/or exit cross-section from the first mentioned guide.

51. An apparatus according to any preceding claim, in which the sliver guide is mounted such that it is exchangeable.

52. An apparatus according to claim 51, including at least one guide element to provide a surface against which to secure the exchangeable sliver guide.

53. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 50, in which a further sliver guide is arranged to be inserted into the sliver guide to reduce the entry crosssection and/or exit cross-section of the guide.

54. An apparatus according to any preceding claim, including a further sliver guide having a different shape from the first-mentioned guide and insertable into or exchangeable with the first-mentioned guide.

55. An apparatus according to claim 54, in which walls of the further guide converge at a different angle from walls of the first-mentioned guide.

56. An apparatus according to any preceding claim, further including a pair of driven rollers immediately downstream of the sliver guide for drawing the slivers through the guide.

57. An apparatus according to any preceding claim, in which the fibre sliver combination is arranged to divide back into the plurality of slivers after passing through the sliver guide.

58. Apparatus on a draw frame, for measuring the thickness of a fibre sliver combination, having a sliver guide for guiding the fibre slivers at the inlet to the drawing equipment, the walls of which sliver guide are constructed to be at least partly conical and to bring the incoming fibre slivers together in one plane and which is followed by a pair of delivery rollers, after which the fibre slivers diverge again, in which apparatus the sliver guide has associated with it a biassed, movable feeler element which, together with a fixed counter-surface, forms a constriction for the fibre sliver combination, comprising fibre slivers, passing through, wherein the fibre slivers in the sliver guide are condensed in one plane and are sensed, and a change in the position of which feeler element in the event of a different thickness of the fibre sliver combination acts on a transducer to produce a control pulse, and in which apparatus the sliver guide is preceded by a preformer, characterized in that the preformer has an open top and/or bottom surface and the lateral surfaces are capable of bringing the incoming fibre slivers laterally together and guiding them.

59. A draw frame including an apparatus according to any preceding claim at the inlet to the draw frame.

60. A draw frame according to claim 59, in which the draw frame is an autoleveller draw frame.

61. A method of guiding a fibre sliver combination at an inlet to drawing equipment, the method including the steps of drawing a plurality of slivers through a preformer and then through a sliver guide as a fibre sliver combination, the apparatus being according to any one of claims 1 to 58.