GB2232979A - Silicon-oxy-carbide glass and articles - Google Patents
Silicon-oxy-carbide glass and articles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2232979A GB2232979A GB9009108A GB9009108A GB2232979A GB 2232979 A GB2232979 A GB 2232979A GB 9009108 A GB9009108 A GB 9009108A GB 9009108 A GB9009108 A GB 9009108A GB 2232979 A GB2232979 A GB 2232979A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- percent
- silicon
- glass
- heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 131
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 131
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical group [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000805 composite resin Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000010734 process oil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000004031 devitrification Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 21
- -1 carbon modified vitreous silica Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 14
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 5
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002173 high-resolution transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WCYWZMWISLQXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl Chemical group [CH3] WCYWZMWISLQXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011214 refractory ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012932 thermodynamic analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000725 trifluoropropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- 238000001845 vibrational spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007704 wet chemistry method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C14/00—Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix
- C03C14/002—Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix the non-glass component being in the form of fibres, filaments, yarns, felts or woven material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2214/00—Nature of the non-vitreous component
- C03C2214/02—Fibres; Filaments; Yarns; Felts; Woven material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2214/00—Nature of the non-vitreous component
- C03C2214/02—Fibres; Filaments; Yarns; Felts; Woven material
- C03C2214/03—Fibres; Filaments; Yarns; Felts; Woven material surface treated, e.g. coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2214/00—Nature of the non-vitreous component
- C03C2214/30—Methods of making the composites
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US35961989A | 1989-06-01 | 1989-06-01 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9009108D0 GB9009108D0 (en) | 1990-06-20 |
| GB2232979A true GB2232979A (en) | 1991-01-02 |
Family
ID=23414619
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9009108A Withdrawn GB2232979A (en) | 1989-06-01 | 1990-04-23 | Silicon-oxy-carbide glass and articles |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0365527A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| CA (1) | CA2010675A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE4016569A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FR (1) | FR2647777A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB2232979A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| IT (1) | IT1248657B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Families Citing this family (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5328976A (en) * | 1987-01-09 | 1994-07-12 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Carbon-containing black glass monoliths |
| WO1994020430A1 (en) * | 1987-01-09 | 1994-09-15 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Carbon-containing black glass monoliths |
| US5242866A (en) * | 1987-01-09 | 1993-09-07 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Carbon-containing black glass monoliths |
| US5629249A (en) * | 1988-04-25 | 1997-05-13 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Silicon carboxide fibers from gel spinning cyclosiloxane polymer precursors |
| US4981820A (en) * | 1989-07-28 | 1991-01-01 | General Electric Company | Cellular silicon-oxy-carbide glass from foamed silicone resins |
| FR2692251B1 (fr) * | 1990-01-12 | 1996-03-01 | Allied Signal Inc | Composite de carboxyde de silicium renforce de fibres ceramiques a resistance a la flexion elevee.. |
| US5512359A (en) * | 1990-01-12 | 1996-04-30 | Alliedsignal Inc. | High flexural strength ceramic fiber reinforced silicon carboxide composite |
| DE4112244A1 (de) * | 1990-05-15 | 1993-11-18 | Allied Signal Inc | Faserverstärkter Glasverbundstoff und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
| CA2023380A1 (en) * | 1990-08-16 | 1993-10-07 | Roger Y. Leung | Silicon carboxide fibers from gel spinning cyclosiloxane polymer precursors |
| WO1994017003A1 (en) * | 1990-09-21 | 1994-08-04 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Ceramic fiber reinforced silicon carboxide composite with adjustable dielectric properties |
| GB2266302B (en) * | 1991-03-06 | 1995-01-18 | Allied Signal Inc | Ceramic fiber reinforced silicon carboxide composite |
| DE69222953D1 (de) * | 1991-04-12 | 1997-12-04 | Allied Signal Inc | Schwarze glaskeramik hergestellt durch schnelle pyrolyse in sauerstoffhaltigen atmosphären |
| US5266533A (en) * | 1991-04-12 | 1993-11-30 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Black glass ceramic from rapid pyrolysis in oxygen-containing atmospheres |
| US5244720A (en) * | 1991-04-19 | 1993-09-14 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Fiber-reinforced glass composite for protecting polymeric substrates |
| WO1993014040A1 (en) * | 1992-01-10 | 1993-07-22 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Maintaining high flexural strength in ceramic fiber reinforced silicon carboxide composites |
| DE4303016C2 (de) * | 1993-02-03 | 1995-07-27 | Dornier Gmbh | Keramischer Faserverbundwerkstoff |
| EP0688307B2 (en) * | 1993-03-12 | 2000-06-14 | AlliedSignal Inc. | Reinforced silicon carboxide composite with boron nitride coated ceramic fibers |
| US5955194A (en) * | 1993-05-27 | 1999-09-21 | Alliedsignal, Inc. | Silicon carboxide composite reinforced with ceramic fibers having a surface enriched in boron nitride |
| EP0702664B1 (en) * | 1993-05-27 | 1998-01-28 | AlliedSignal Inc. | Silicon carboxide composite reinforced with ceramic fibers having a surface enriched in boron nitride |
| JPH08188443A (ja) * | 1994-11-09 | 1996-07-23 | Dow Corning Asia Ltd | シリコンオキシカーバイドの製造方法 |
| ITTO20020887A1 (it) | 2002-10-11 | 2004-04-12 | Uni Degli Studi Di Trento | Procedimento per la produzione di fibre di ossicarburo di silicio. |
| JP4985553B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-16 | 2012-07-25 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | シリコン溶融用ルツボ及びシリコン単結晶引上装置 |
| US11926118B2 (en) | 2019-05-21 | 2024-03-12 | Totani Corporation | Bag making method and bag making apparatus |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0107943A1 (en) * | 1982-10-29 | 1984-05-09 | Dow Corning Corporation | Carbon-containing monolithic glasses prepared by a sol-gel process |
| US4547210A (en) * | 1982-09-28 | 1985-10-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Process for producing a glass body |
| EP0208343A2 (en) * | 1985-07-05 | 1987-01-14 | Bell Communications Research, Inc. | Method for preparation of silicate glasses of controlled index of refraction and optical device including same |
-
1990
- 1990-02-22 CA CA002010675A patent/CA2010675A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-04-23 GB GB9009108A patent/GB2232979A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-05-23 FR FR9006453A patent/FR2647777A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-05-23 DE DE4016569A patent/DE4016569A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-05-29 IT IT02045690A patent/IT1248657B/it active IP Right Grant
- 1990-06-01 JP JP2141750A patent/JPH0365527A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4547210A (en) * | 1982-09-28 | 1985-10-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Process for producing a glass body |
| EP0107943A1 (en) * | 1982-10-29 | 1984-05-09 | Dow Corning Corporation | Carbon-containing monolithic glasses prepared by a sol-gel process |
| EP0208343A2 (en) * | 1985-07-05 | 1987-01-14 | Bell Communications Research, Inc. | Method for preparation of silicate glasses of controlled index of refraction and optical device including same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0365527A (ja) | 1991-03-20 |
| GB9009108D0 (en) | 1990-06-20 |
| FR2647777A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1990-12-07 |
| IT9020456A1 (it) | 1991-11-29 |
| DE4016569A1 (de) | 1990-12-06 |
| IT1248657B (it) | 1995-01-26 |
| IT9020456A0 (it) | 1990-05-29 |
| CA2010675A1 (en) | 1990-12-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |