GB2214176A - Compositions for contolling damp and/or mould - Google Patents
Compositions for contolling damp and/or mould Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2214176A GB2214176A GB8901116A GB8901116A GB2214176A GB 2214176 A GB2214176 A GB 2214176A GB 8901116 A GB8901116 A GB 8901116A GB 8901116 A GB8901116 A GB 8901116A GB 2214176 A GB2214176 A GB 2214176A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- composition according
- composition
- weight
- cement
- vermiculite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 alkyl sulphonyl halogenated pyridine Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013053 water resistant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 206010027146 Melanoderma Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Fe].[Fe] YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010061217 Infestation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013521 mastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical class [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/40—Compounds containing silicon, titanium or zirconium or other organo-metallic compounds; Organo-clays; Organo-inorganic complexes
- C04B24/42—Organo-silicon compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/005—Halogen-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/60—Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2103/65—Water proofers or repellants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
A plaster or rendering composition suitable for wall surfaces and comprising cement, hydrated lime, vermiculite and perlite together with a mouldicide and/or fungicide. The invention also provides for the use of a set composition comprising cement, inert filler and polymer adhesive component(s) in forming a hydraulic seal between a wall and a floor in a building. The invention further provides a system useful in controlling conditions of damp and/or mould in wall plasters or renderings which comprises said plaster or rendering component plus said set composition and preferably also including a fungicidal and/or mouldicidal acrylic emulsion for use in coating said plaster or rendering component.
Description
TITLE
Compositions, system and method of
Controlling Damp and/or Mould
This invention is concerned with compositions, a system and a method of controlling damp or mould in building structures such as houses, flats and the like.
The technical field to which the invention relates is the field of damp and mould control and use of the present invention can avoid the need to insert a damp proof course in existing building structures.
In virtually all properties be they old or modern, there is generally no effective seal between the floor/wall joints. According to my hypothesis prior assumptions about "rising damp" are mistaken, instead it is almost invariably due to the heavy rise of vapour (frequently under considerable pressure) from a damp subsite and through the floor/wall joints. The water vapour condenses on the cold wall surfaces at low level resulting in dampness, degradation of the wall (plaster) and/or mould growth which have conventionally indicated the "rising damp" phenomenon.
In olden times the omission of the floor/wall joint was of little conseql1ence. In such tirois properties generally had less well-fitting doors and windows coupled with the general use of one or more coal or log fires to create a warm, well ventilated environment within the home, generally maintained throughout the day. Houses were generally draughtier, had thicker walls and lower-density plasters than are currently used in modern times.
Decorative materials applied to internal walls were also more permeable and therefore those wall surfaces were not as prone to degrade as a result of what I theorise comprises vapour rise. In modern times dwelling houses generally have restricted ventilation, thinner walls, insufficient heating, high density internal plasters, together with generally efficient waterproof membranes in solid floors. Such waterproof membranes may comprise polythene sheeting or floor surfaces such as mastic asphalt and thermoplastic tiles.
These conditions can give rise to this "vapour-rise" phenomenon at the edges of floors,coupled with a considerable pressure from the traditionally unsealed wall/floor joint. The problem may be further aggravated with colder cavity brick walls and hard dense trowelled plasters which are frequently given a first decoration with a vapour-barrier emulsion. According to my hypotheses this cai give rise to low-level condensatio which readily causes recrystallization and decay of the plaster and/or cause the growth of mould such as "Black
Spot" - the familiar As ergillus niger which is rapidly becoming a severe problem.
The increasing use of sealed window and door units, draughtproofing and modern methods of heating used only intermittently throughout the day can provide the ideal micro-climate for vapour condensation and subsequent mould growth. Accordingly this "Black Spot" mould flourishes especially where static pockets of cold air are created in corners.
The present invention seeks to provide a composition, method and system useful in controlling, reducing or preventing, (i) damp conditions in wall structures and/or (ii) the occurrence and reappearance of mould growth in such damp conditions.
Almost without exception, modern methods of dampproofing are based on the former hypotheses that water moves vertically upwards in masonry throughout its thickness, from the soil (sub-site) on which it stands.
This generally is explained as "capillarity". It has also been assumed that for those walls situated below ground level, water moves laterally through it under hydraulic or hydrostatic pressure.
Little meaningful research into this former hypothesis has been carried out and those instruments currently available which purport to evaluate movement of water only serve to confirm the visual evidence of dampness on the wall faces and lead one to accept this explanation as being the only possible explanation for the presence of the water.
It is on this basis of rather flimsy evidence obtained by such instruments that damp-proofing systems hitherto have consisted of placing a physical barrier in the path of the water. This may be either insertion of a strip of waterproof material, i.e. a damp proof course (DPC) into the wall at d predetermined level or by using a waterproof "tanking" internally, in the case of a basement wall where lateral water movement has been assumed.
There is an alternative method used particularly in the case of older buildings having solid walls which are not necessarily of brick construction. It comprises injection into the walls of a damp-proofing liquid typically silicones or stearates. Various types of electro-osmotic apparatus have also been used but this practice is decreasing.
An essential part of any of these existing treatments for rising damp, consists of hacking off the existing plaster/render frol, the affected walls to a height of at least one metre above floor level and then subsequently re-plastering.
My hypothesis with regard to "vapour-rise" at the unsealed floor/wall joint has been developed after considerable research into the problem and extensive practical work on many types of buildings. I have surprisingly found that, except in the case where an actual leakage of water occurs through a building defect, the dampness in walls previously explained as "rising damp" is due to the heavy rise of water vapour and condensation thereof.
The prevailing damp conditions can lead to the black spot mould discussed above. The mould is conventionally treated by a surface application of an aqueous fungicide or by adding a fungicide to the setting or "skimming" coat of plaster at its time of application. The former treatment has little long term effect and the latter is rarely applied under carefully supervised conditions.
The prolonged exposure of ordinary wall plasters to condensation can cause recrystallization of the finishing coat which then absorbs water from the atmosphere hygros-copically. This water can then move inwardly through the rendering to penetrate the masonry face and bonding mortar. In the final stages of plaster decay it becomes discoloured end exhibits the familiar "blowing" and salt precipitation. Much of this degradation initiated by condensation can arise from normal domestic water vapour in conditions of insufficient heat and restricted ventilation. In my hypothesis wherever floor/wall joints are left unsealed, which is usually the case, then the heavy migration of water vapour from a damp sub-site can occur, usually under heavy pressure, significantly contributing to this condensation problem.
Therefore a more rapid degrade of the plaster can occur since the walls are colder and less ventilated at their bases.
Whilst ideally the condensation should be prevented altogether, in practice -this is quite unattainable.
Nevertheless, the invention seeks to provide a system which will assist reduction of condensation problems on wall renderings. As will be seen from the following description, the system makes use of a hydraulic seal across the floor/wall joint.
According to a first aspect of this invention there is provided a plaster or rendering composition suitable for wall surfaces and comprising cement, hydrated lime, vermic-ulite, and perlite together with a mouldicide and/or fungicide.
The plaster or rendering composition in accordance with the first aspect may optionally include pigment, which pigment is preferably yellow ochre pigment powder.
Some of the vermiculite may be replaced by a specially treated fly or fuel ash processed as cenospheres.
However, this partial replacement is optional according to conditions and economics.
In this plaster or rendering composition it is preferred that the cement comprises an ordinary Portland cement and the hydrated lime is "Buxton" grade. Most preferably the vermiculite is exfoliated vermiculite and has an average particle size in the a range 1 - 3 mm. The perlite (which may be expanded perlite) preferably has an average particle size in a range 0. 15 - 2 mm. A mouldicide and/or fungicide useful in this composition according to the first aspect may comprise that product manufactured and sold by Imperial Chemical Industries under the trade name "DENSIL" which contains alkyl sulphonyl halogenated pyridine.
Preferred minimum
ComPonent Percentage amounts based on total weight.
a) Cement, at least 50%, preferably at least 60%,
preferably
Portland Cement by weight b) Hydrated Lime at least 15%, preferably at least 20%
by weight c) Vermiculite, at least 1.5%, preferably at least 2, preferably
exfoliated by weight
vermiculite,
expediently
grade V2, d) Perlite, at least 2.0%, preferably at least 2.75%,
expediently
grade 15 by weight e) Mouldicide at least 0.001%, preferably at least 0.002%,
and/or
Fungicide by weight f) Pigment at least 0.15%, preferably at least 0.2%,
by weight, when present g) Fly ash at least 0.5%, preferably 1% by weight,
preferably
processed as when present.
cenospheres
According to a second aspect the invention further provides the use of a set composition comprising cement, inert filler and polymer adhesive component(s) in forming an hydraulic seal between a wall and a floor in a building.
The composition according to the second aspect may be in the form of a narrow diagonal fillet which may be unaffected by floor vibration but which may adhere to wood and to damp masonry. In this composition cement such as Portland cement/inert filler such as mineral fibre may be used in proportions of 1:1 which when mixed with a polymer adhesive component(s) (such as epoxy resin) and clean water can set to form a pressure resistant hydraulic seal across the floor/uall joint.
This seal can be used below the condensation affected area of plaster/rendering to prevent or significantly reduce vapour rise at this weak point. The set composition preferably includes a water-resistant agent, for example a silicone powder.
The invention further provides in a third aspect a system useful in controlling conditions of damp and/or mould in wall plasters or renderings which comprises a plaster or rendering component according to the first aspect of the invention and a polymer adhesive composition as defined in the second aspect and preferably also a fungicidal and/or mouldicidal acrylic emulsion for use in coating said plaster or rendering component.
Each of these components in accordance with the third aspect may be utilised in their own right for the purposes for which they are specified. However, it is most preferred that all of these components should, where appropriate, be utilised together to provide an overall system for controlling condensation-derived damp conditions and/or mould infestation such as "Black Spot", and thereby to discourage the conditions which may give rise to both degradation of existing rendering/plaster and/or the occurrence of mould growth.
Examples of suitable pf plaster or rendering component are presented for illustration only:
Example 1 (a) Cement - 1 Kg.
(b) Hydrated Lime - 0.5 Kg.
(c)- Vermiculite - 75 g.
(d) Perlite - 50 g.
(e) Mouldicide (a small quantity) such as the product DENS IT SIGO as manufactured by ICI PLC staining alkyl sulphonyl halogenated pyridine.
(f) Yellow ochre pigment - approximately 17 - 20 g.
ExamPle 2 ExamPle 3 (a) Cement 50 kg 50 kg (b) Hydrated Lime 17.5 kg 20 kg (c) Vermiculite 1.5 .kg 2 kg (d) Perlite 4.5 kg 5 kg (e) Mouldicide 2 grammes DENS IT S100 3 grammes (f) Pigment 0.2 kg 0.4 kg (g) Fly ash 1 kg 2.5 kg
The above lightweight aggregate-based render or plaster composition can be trowelled to an acceptable finish in one coat and may adhere well to most types of background. It is designed additionally to have a slow set, partially by evaporation, in order not to dry out in advance of the background to which it has been applied. Cement is a setting agent, lime increases the plasticity. The aggregate is inert and may not suffer from recrystallization and consequent degrade in damp conditions which normally affect traditional finishing plasters.
Perlite is an extremely lightweight mineral. Some of the perlite floats to the surface as the product is trowelled on. This gives a smooth finish to the aggregate of nearly the same quality as a finishing plaster'and accordingly obviates the need to apply any kind of finishing coat. In addition, Perlite is an insulating material and as such assists in keeping the wall surface slightly above dew point and prevents condensation forming on the wall, thereby dramatically reducing the conditions for the formation of "Black Spot' mould.
The vermiculite used is most preferably an exfoliated mineral. It has the capacity to act like a sponge. In the wet mix the mouldicide is taken up by the vermiculite. The vermiculite is evenly distributed through the depth of the applied aggregate and the mouldicide may not leach out of the aggregate even in damp or humid conditions. The mouldicide may accordingly remain effective for the life of the aggregate. The problems of 'leaching' which has been attendant on all attempts to add mouldicides to wall surfaces can be significantly redl3ced.
The addition of the perlite and vermiculite to the aggregate has the additional benefit of producing an aggregate having a weight reduction of approximately 25% over traditional aggregates/plasters. This has the benefit of firstly, in terms of overall weight being easier to handle and secondly, allowing a thicker coat to be achieved in one application. After mixing this plasterrender component with water to obtain a consistency appropriate to the wall structure, it can be applied directly to exposed masonry following removal of the old rendering and finish plasters using conventional plastering methods to e.g. a minimum thickness of -10 mm and e.g. up to a maximum of 20 mm in one coat.
Accordingly, in one application the same thickness can be applied as the ambient aggregate/render/plaster. This capability is particularly useful in relation to using the product for 'patching' of affected walls and for DIY application, as well as for ease of finishing.
The pigment is added to provide a distinctive pale cream colour and also to eliminate a "patchy" appearance when the product is dry. If the pigment is not used a cement-like grey appearance will be obtained which can be patchy and visually unattractive. The component would still, however, function adequately in controlling damp and/or mould.
The amount of water to be added to the plaster/rendering component will always vary in accordance with the density, porosity and wetness of the background and it may be necessary to wet the surface of a very dry brick wall thoroughly to avoid rapid migration of the mixing water into the background.
The second component in the system when needed comprises the water-resistant sealing fillet. Example 4 below gives details of one composition useful in forming such a sealing fillet; Example 4 A copolymer silicone - impregnated powder mixture was formulated as follows:
Silver Sand (micaceous) 3.0% by weight
Portland Cement 30.0% by weight
Filler Sand 15.0% by weight
Exfoliated Vermiculite (grade V2) 4.0% by weight
Bentonite 3.0% by weight
Fibre Reinforcement 0.6% by weight
Polymer 3.7% by weight
Silicone Powder 0.003% by weight
The components were mixed with water to form a workable composition applied in the form of a diagonal fillet (approximate]y 2 cm by 2 cm) across a floor/wall joint.This seal may be used between a solid or wooden floor and a vertical masonry wall. In such a shape and dimension the sealing fillet need not interfere with the fitting of skirting boards. Some adjustment of a skirting board may be effected if necessary. When in place and set this fillet forms a hydraulic and pressure resistant vapour seal.
"Black Spot" mould often occurs at low level. No matter how well a floor is. sealed, moisture laden air can still be forced under pressure from the subsoil, through the unsealed floor/wall joint. The water content can condense on to the existing plaster or rendering at low level and it is this which can encourage the growth of mould. In my hypothesis the smaller the gap between the floor/wall the greater the vapour pressure.
Details are now provided of an acrylic emulsion paint component as Example 5.
Example 5
An ordinary, commercially available, acrylic paint emulsion was used. 3 grammes per 2.5 litres of the liquid mouldicide DENS IT S100 in aqueous solution was added to confer fungicidal or mouldicidal properties.
Acrylic paints generally have a pH of more than seven and are therefore alkaline. The plaster or rendering component of this invention will also be alkaline and thus compatible. Accordingly "flaking" of the paint may not occur in damp conditions. The surface of this paint is slightly porous as is the plaster or rendering component behind it, thus taking advantage of the full depth of the mouldicide or fungicide. The mouldicide added to the acrylic emulsion provides an initial barrier against the formation of mould growth.
This emulsion also serves to seal the dry surface of the plaster or rendering component behind it to prevent dusting. It can also allow a reasonable degree of permeability and therefore not significantly interfere with the drying out of he plaster or rendering component.
The acrylic emulsion when used in this system can serve as the first decoration.
The accompanying drawing illustrates the components, system and a method of applying it. Figure 1 shows a floor 1 and wall structure 2 in a room 3. A render according to the first aspect is trowelled onto damp masonry 5 to form a layer 4 on the wall. The joint 6 between wall and floor is sealed with a diagonal fillet 7 of set composition according to the second aspect. When the layer 4 is sufficiently dry or set it can be covered with the fungicidal acrylic emulsion (not shown). A small gap 8 may be left between the fillet and render to assist location of any skirting.
Claims (35)
1. A plaster or rendering composition suitable for wall surfaces and comprising cement, hydrated lime, vermiculite and perlite together with a mouldicide and/or fungicide.
2. A composition according to Claim 1, wherein the cement comprises Portland cement.
3. A composition according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, wherein the cement comprises at least 50% by weight of the composition.
4. A composition according to Claim 3, wherein the cement comprises at least 60% by weight of the composition.
5. A composition according to any preceding claim, wherein the hydrated lime comprises at least 15% by weight of the composition.
6. A composition according to Claim 5, wherein the hydrated lime comprises at least 20% by weight of the composition.
7. A composition according to any preceding claim, wherein the vermiculite is exfoliated vermiculite.
8. A composition according to any preceding claim, wherein the vermiculite has an average particle size in a range 1 - 3 mm.
9. A composition according to any preceding claim, wherein the vermiculite comprises at least 1.5% by weight of the composition.
10. A composition according to Claim 9, wherein the vermiculite comprises at least 2% by weight of the composition.
11. A composition according to any preceding claim, wherein the perlite is expanded perlite.
12. A composition according to any preceding claim, wherein the perlite has an average particle size in a range 0.15 - 2 mm.
13. A composition according to any preceding claim, wherein the perlite comprises at least 2.0% by weight of the composition.
14. A composition according to Claim 13, wherein the perlite comprises at least 2.75% by weight of the composition.
15. A composition according to any preceding claim, wherein a component consisting of mouldicide and/or fungicide comprises at least 0.001% by weight of the composition.
16. A composition according to Claim 15, wherein the said component comprises at least 0.002% by weight of the composition.
17. A composition according to any preceding claim, which includes alkyl sulphonyl halogenated pyridine as mouldicide and/or fungicide.
18. A composition according to any preceding claim, wherein a pigment is present.
19. A composition according to Claim 18, wherein the pigment comprises at least 0. 15% by weight of the composition.
20. A composition according to Claim 1.'3, wherein the pigment comprises at least 0.2% by weight of the composition.
21.- A composition according to any preceding claim, wherein fly ash is present.
22. A composition according to Claim 21, wherein the fly ash comprises at least 0.5% by weight of the composition.
23. A composition according to Claim 22, wherein the fly ash comprises at least 1% by weight of the composition.
24. A composition according to Claim 1 substantially as herein described and exemplified.
25. The use of a set composition comprising cement, inert filler and polymer adhesive component(s) in forming an hydraulic seal between a wall and a floor in a building.
26. The use of a set composition according to Claim 25, wherein cement/inert filler is used in proportions of 1: 1 which when mixed with a polymer adhesive component(s) and clean water can set to form a pressure resistant hydraulic seal a-ross the floor/wall joint.
27. The use of a set composition according to Claim 25 or Claim 26, wherein the cement comprises Portland cement.
28. The use of a set composition according to any one of
Claims 25 to 27, wherein the inert filler comprises mineral fibre.
29. The use of a set composition according to any one of
Claims 25 to 28, wherein the polymer adhesive component(s) comprises epoxy resin.
30. The use of a set composition according to any one of
Claims 25 to 29, wherein the set composition includes a water-resistant agent.
31. The use of a set composition according to Claim 30, wherein the water-resistant agent comprises a silicone powder.
32. The use of a set composition according to Claim 25 substantially as herein described and exemplified.
33. A system useful in controlling conditions of damp and/or mould in wall plasters or renderings which comprises a plaster or rendering component as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 24 and a set composition as defined in any one of Claims 25 to 32.
34. A system according to Claim 33, which also includes a fungicidal and/or mouldicidal acrylic emulsion for use in coating said plaster or rendering component.
35. A system according to Claim 33 or Claim 34 substantially as herein described and exemplified.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8801217A GB8801217D0 (en) | 1988-01-20 | 1988-01-20 | Compositions system & method of controlling damp/mould |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB8901116D0 GB8901116D0 (en) | 1989-03-15 |
GB2214176A true GB2214176A (en) | 1989-08-31 |
Family
ID=10630238
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB8801217A Pending GB8801217D0 (en) | 1988-01-20 | 1988-01-20 | Compositions system & method of controlling damp/mould |
GB8901116A Withdrawn GB2214176A (en) | 1988-01-20 | 1989-01-19 | Compositions for contolling damp and/or mould |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB8801217A Pending GB8801217D0 (en) | 1988-01-20 | 1988-01-20 | Compositions system & method of controlling damp/mould |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU2942789A (en) |
GB (2) | GB8801217D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1989006641A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1149958A1 (en) * | 2000-04-25 | 2001-10-31 | THERMO-SHIELD Europa AG | Coating for the interior of a room to improve the hygrometric room climate and reduce the risk of mildew formations in rooms |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2654425B1 (en) * | 1989-11-13 | 1993-08-27 | Prolifix | MORTAR FOR PROJECTION. |
ES2156048B1 (en) * | 1998-03-19 | 2001-12-01 | Gandullo Giordano Garcia | COLOR COATING FOR INDOORS AND OUTDOORS. |
CN102644362B (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2014-07-23 | 深圳广田装饰集团股份有限公司 | Architectural decoration plastering construction method |
CN106205334A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-12-07 | 江苏建筑职业技术学院 | District and operational approach are experienced in plastering construction dangerous matter sources identification |
CN114032951A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2022-02-11 | 浙江鑫宇装饰工业有限公司 | Indoor damp-proof process for basement |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1105623A (en) * | 1965-03-19 | 1968-03-06 | Lime Sand Mortar Ltd | Improvements in or relating to light-weight plasters or cement mortar compositions |
US4094691A (en) * | 1977-03-10 | 1978-06-13 | Institutul De Cercetari In Constructii Si Economia Constructiilor | Mortar for anticondensate, antimoisture, heat-insulating, and biocidal plaster |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB622243A (en) * | 1946-10-04 | 1949-04-28 | Samuel Clipson | Improvements relating to compositions for surfacing walls, ceilings and the like |
GB1340826A (en) * | 1972-05-20 | 1973-12-19 | Vyzk A Vyvojovy Ustav Maltovin | Process for manufacturing fungicidal mortar binding agents |
GB1362372A (en) * | 1972-09-07 | 1974-08-07 | Reid N G | Cement |
FR2228734A1 (en) * | 1973-05-07 | 1974-12-06 | Tilling Construction Services | Lightweight plaster-mortar composition - containing expanded granules, filler, lime, cellulose ether, surfactant cement |
YU39745B (en) * | 1975-08-14 | 1985-04-30 | Termika | Process for producing perlite motor of a low volume mass such as 500 to 600 kg/m3 |
-
1988
- 1988-01-20 GB GB8801217A patent/GB8801217D0/en active Pending
-
1989
- 1989-01-19 WO PCT/GB1989/000052 patent/WO1989006641A2/en unknown
- 1989-01-19 AU AU29427/89A patent/AU2942789A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1989-01-19 GB GB8901116A patent/GB2214176A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1105623A (en) * | 1965-03-19 | 1968-03-06 | Lime Sand Mortar Ltd | Improvements in or relating to light-weight plasters or cement mortar compositions |
US4094691A (en) * | 1977-03-10 | 1978-06-13 | Institutul De Cercetari In Constructii Si Economia Constructiilor | Mortar for anticondensate, antimoisture, heat-insulating, and biocidal plaster |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1149958A1 (en) * | 2000-04-25 | 2001-10-31 | THERMO-SHIELD Europa AG | Coating for the interior of a room to improve the hygrometric room climate and reduce the risk of mildew formations in rooms |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB8801217D0 (en) | 1988-02-17 |
GB8901116D0 (en) | 1989-03-15 |
AU2942789A (en) | 1989-08-11 |
WO1989006641A3 (en) | 1989-09-08 |
WO1989006641A2 (en) | 1989-07-27 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US8187375B2 (en) | Compositions for use in construction and methods of applying the same | |
US6516580B1 (en) | Synthetic stucco system with moisture absorption control | |
US5732520A (en) | Synthetic stucco system | |
US5397631A (en) | Coated fibrous mat faced gypsum board resistant to water and humidity | |
MXPA02003852A (en) | Improved mat-faced gypsum board. | |
CN102459115A (en) | Cementitious foams and foam slurries | |
US20110033625A1 (en) | Use of flexible sealing slurries for the aftertreatment of fresh concrete slabs | |
US20130137793A1 (en) | Construction Coating Compositions And Methods Of Applying The Same | |
GB2214176A (en) | Compositions for contolling damp and/or mould | |
KR100362884B1 (en) | Antibacterial molding composition for interior finish of building | |
US4218258A (en) | Hydraulic cement adhesive compositions | |
EP2770130A1 (en) | Insulation assembly for the external cladding of buildings | |
US1796269A (en) | Dampproofing and waterproofing walls | |
GB2106922A (en) | Mixture of vinylidene chloride copolymer and ceramic material and method of use thereof | |
KR102639308B1 (en) | Damp-proofing Method Using Damp-proof Sheet | |
DK165783B (en) | PROCEDURE FOR SHOOTING MOISTURY WALLWORK | |
Phillips | Wallpaper on walls: problems of climate and substrate | |
JPS643833B2 (en) | ||
DE29519739U1 (en) | Mineral renovation plaster | |
Aitkenhead | An informative guide to the specification of plasters and renders: Or the basic steps to getting plastered | |
Foam et al. | Example | |
JPS5980602A (en) | Mildewproofing composition | |
EP4357315A1 (en) | Ecological dipped facing brick | |
JP2000213071A (en) | Mildewproof building material | |
JPS5841150A (en) | External finishing method of wall surface |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |