GB2147284A - Process for obtaining a high surface area magnetite concentrate - Google Patents

Process for obtaining a high surface area magnetite concentrate Download PDF

Info

Publication number
GB2147284A
GB2147284A GB08424562A GB8424562A GB2147284A GB 2147284 A GB2147284 A GB 2147284A GB 08424562 A GB08424562 A GB 08424562A GB 8424562 A GB8424562 A GB 8424562A GB 2147284 A GB2147284 A GB 2147284A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
residue
magnetic
process according
surface area
solid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB08424562A
Other versions
GB2147284B (en
GB8424562D0 (en
Inventor
Figueiredo Joao Tavares Nei De
Carlos Cesar Peiter
Hosam Ahmed Abdallah Abd Rehim
Ponte Ielton Frederico Da
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Petroleo Brasileiro SA Petrobras
Original Assignee
Petroleo Brasileiro SA Petrobras
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Petroleo Brasileiro SA Petrobras filed Critical Petroleo Brasileiro SA Petrobras
Publication of GB8424562D0 publication Critical patent/GB8424562D0/en
Publication of GB2147284A publication Critical patent/GB2147284A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2147284B publication Critical patent/GB2147284B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/06Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/005Pretreatment specially adapted for magnetic separation
    • B03C1/015Pretreatment specially adapted for magnetic separation by chemical treatment imparting magnetic properties to the material to be separated, e.g. roasting, reduction, oxidation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01GCOMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G49/00Compounds of iron
    • C01G49/02Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C01G49/08Ferroso-ferric oxide [Fe3O4]
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/12Surface area

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

A mixture of iron oxides obtained by pyrite roasting is subjected to magnetic separation. The magnetic fraction so obtained is a magnetite concentrate which is highly efficient in absorbing hydrogen sulfide evolved from oil drilling wells. It can be incorporated into drilling muds even in non-alkaline medium.

Description

SPECIFICATION Process for obtaining a high surface area magnetite concentrate This invention relates to obtaining magnetite (Fe3O4) having a high surface area, and the ability to absorb hydrogen sulfide efficiently.
Often, during drilling operations in oil or gas wells, exhalations of hydrogen sulfide occur, which can cause damage to the personnel involved in the drilling operation. Concentrations as low as 1 ppm may irritate mucous membranes, and cause headaches, and nausea. Short exposure to high concentrations can even lead to death. Furthermore, hydrogen sulfide is a drawback to the environment, and corrodes equipment, chiefly linings, which may be weakened and leak. When drilling columns are broken, drilling must be stopped, causing big losses to the oil company.
In order to eliminate or reduce to reasonable levels the hydrogen sulfide present in drilling sites, various materials have been used. The alkalinity of the drilling mud itself serves in part to control the sulfides.
Copper salts, such as carbonates (preferably, cupric carbonate) are commoniy used as well as zinc salts, such as the basic carbonate of zinc and, more recently, zinc chelates. These compounds are efficient scavengers of soluble sulfides such as H2S, HS- and S2- up to certain concentrations above which the reaction products may change the rheology of the drilling mud. In such case, the use of these scavengers is rendered inadequate. The use of certain synthetic iron oxides with special characteristics is then indicated, especially hematites and magnetites of high surface area. The term "magnetite" means any mixture in which Fe3O4 predominates, and "hematite" any mixture in which Fe2O3 predominates.
The reaction between Fe3O4 and H2S, in acidic or neutral medium, forms pyrite, whose insolubility in hydrogen chloride is greatly advantageous, in case of acidification of the oil well.
In US patent 4008775 there is described an iron oxide product made essentially of Fe304, whose particles are sponge-like. This product is highly effective for absorbing large amounts of hydrogen sulfide. This synthetic product is obtained by the oxidation of carbon-bearing iron or iron wastes, under strictly controlled oxidation conditions, the particles being further de-agglomerated through a special crushing technique. This product is marketed under the trademark "lronite Sponge".
US patent 4324298 discloses a compound made essentially of high surface area Fe2O3, the compound being prepared through conventional oxidation of ferrous sulfate at high temperature, followed by quenching. Nevertheless, no proof of the efficiency of such a product is known when used in connection with drilling rigs.
The present invention provides a simple method of preparing magnetite with a high content of magnetic iron oxide, high porosity, and a high capacityfor quick absorption of hydrogen sulfide in drilling muds.
This invention provides a process for producing a high surface area magnetite concentrate which comprises subjecting a residue obtained by roasting pyrite to magnetic separation to produce a magnetic fraction of concentrated magnetite, and a non-magnetic fraction.
In the accompanying drawing, Figure lisa flowsheet of a pyrite roasting process with the process of the present invention in its preferred form.
By "pyrite" is meant a pyritous material i.e., a mineral made basically of iron sulfides of the type FeS2 (pyrite) and FeS (pyrrotite), besides the arsenopyrites (FeAsS). Typically, the iron content of pyrites is from 40 to 44%. The carbonaceous pyrites are those made by the physical treatment of coals and which retain some carbon not removable by this treatment.
Pyrite roasting aims at producing sulfuric acid or elemental sulfur. Iron oxides for ironworks are also produced. With the arsenopyrites, the main product is often valuable metals such as gold, which may be included in the. Pyrite roasting is a high temperature oxidation of the sulfides, typically at 850"C, conducted in the presence of air and in the absence of liquid phase, i.e., without melting. The gas produced contains 13.5% of sulfur dioxide and a solid, roasted product. It is believed that the following series of reactions is indicative of the order in which the oxidation reactions occur:
the formula FeO.Fe2O3 being equivalent to Fe3O4.
Depending on the operation conditions, the behavior of the substances involved in the roasting can vary widely. At present, a fluidized bed reactor is the most economical and competitive equipment in which to conduct roasting. The partial pressures of the gases, oxygen and sulfur dioxide, temperature and residence time are of utmost importance and control of them provides oxidation to various degrees.
In Figure 1, the pyrite fluidized bed reactor is fed with the pyrites at a rate of about 19 tons/day and per m2 of feeder. Also, the reactor is blown with air, at a rate of about 1900 Nm3/h and per m2 of feeder. Typically, the pyrites size range is: 3% from 4 to 6 mm, 15% from 2 to 4 mm, 25% from 1 to 2 mm, 30% from 0.5 to 1 mm and 27% below 0.5 mm. Part of the contents of the reactor evolve as effluent gases 3, which contain entrained solids and are directed to a heat recovering boiler 4. Nearly 30% of the roasted product exists as a reactor residue 2 - i.e., the reactor overflow. Water enters and vapor leaves the heat recovery boiler. Also, about 40% of the roasted product is discharged as boiler residue 5.Solid particles of smaller size than those of the boiler residue are entrained by the gaseous flow 6which exits the boiler and is directed to the cyclone 7. The top flow of the cyclone contains a small percentage of solids fines and is directed to an electrostatic settler 13. The cyclone residue 8 is discharged through the bottom and makes up about 27% of the roasted product. From the electrostatic settler 13 exit the gases which are washed in a gas washer. About 3% of the roasted gases is discharged into the electrostatic settler.
The solid roasted residue is a mixture of purple iron oxides (purple ore). The boiler takes up the larger entrained particles, the cyclones take up chiefly the particles of next reduced size, and the settler collects the fines.
The boiler residue Sand the cyclone residue 8 are useful in the practice of the present invention.
Preferably, it is the cyclone residue 8which is subjected, after cooling in air at about 50"C, to magnetic separation, since, besides being richer in magnetic substance, unlike the boiler residue it does not require grinding and this serves better the objects of the present invention, when the magnetic concentrate is to be used in the absorption of hydrogen sulfide in drilling muds. Also, the surface area of the magnetic fraction from the cyclone residue is nearly always larger than that of the magnetic fraction from the boiler residue.
This preferred form of the practice of the present invention is shown in Figure 1, where the cyclone residue 8 is led to a magnetic separator 10 where the separation into a magnetic fraction 11 (about 57 weight %, in a typical operation condition) and a non-magnetic fraction 12 (about 43 weight %) occurs.
Part of the cyclone residue can be separated by particle size to enhance the magnetic substance content of the concentrate, since the larger size fractions have a higher content of magnetic material. For example, the 40 weight % of larger size (above 73 microus) contain, on the average, 68% of magnetic substance, whereas all the cyclone residue has on the average 57.3% of magnetic material.
Any adequate magnetic separator (wet or dry) can be used in the present invention, for example one of low intensity of the type David tube model E.D.T.
The magnetic separation produces the magnetite concentration of high surface area which is the product of the present process.
In order to evaluate the performance of the magnetite concentrate of the present invention, the following Examples describe tests of reactivity and consumption, in comparison with commercial products.
Example 1- Reactivity 1.40 g of Na2S.9H2O were dissolved in 47.5 ml of water and adjusted to pH 8.5. The content A of sulfide ion was determined in an aliquot of 5 ml. To the remaining solution was added excess of test product (2.5 g), allowing the reaction to proceed for one hour at room temperature. An aliquot of 5 ml was collected in 4 ml of Na2CO3 solution of pH of about 12. After addition of 2 g of NaCI and centrifugation, the content B of S2- ion was determined in the supernatant layer.
For each product the reactivity index AA B was calculated and the results are listed in Table 1. In the table, the meaning of each symbol is: - COAT 1131 refers to a commercial salt mixture containing chromium and zinc; - cyclone means the cyclone residue; - boiler means the boiler residue; 270 after "cyclone" or "boiler" refers to the size fraction from 53 to 74 microns (270 to 200 mesh).
TABLE 1 product Reactivityindex, % COAT1131 100 "IroniteSponge" 100 Overall cyclone magnetic 100 Cyclone 270 magnetic 99.5 Overall boiler magnetic 91 Boiler 270 magnetic 82 Overall cyclone non-magnetic 68 Cyclone 270 non-magnetic 90 Overall boiler non-magnetic 63 Boiler 270 non-magnetic 67 Example II - Kinetics The procedure of Example 1 was repeated with the exception that instead of taking only one aliquot after one hour reaction, four aliquots were taken, after 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes and 60 minutes of reaction. The treatment of each aliquot was identical.
For each aliquot was calculated the non-consumed fraction B/A, and the results are listed in Table II. The meaning of the symbols is the same as for Table 1.
TABLE II Product % ions S2' non-consumed after t(min) t=O t= 15 t=30 t=45 t=60 COAT1131 100 3 2 1 0 "IroniteSponge" 100 33 12 4 0 Overall cyclone magnetic 100 34 13 4 0 Cyclone 270 magnetic 100 34 14 4 0.5 Overall boiler magnetic 100 71 67 50 37 Boiler 270 magnetic 100 72 4 53 33 Overall cyclone non-magnetic 100 69 53 45 32 Cyclone 270 non-magnetic 100 70 44 23 10 Example Ill- Sulfide Consumption 1.40 g of Na2S.9H2O were dissolved in water, diluted to 55 ml and NaHCO3 was added up to pH 8.5. A 5 ml aliquot was taken and its content of sulfide ion was determined. To the remaining solution was added test product in limited amount - W = 0.100 g allowing the reaction to proceed for one hour at room temperature.
A 5 ml aliquot was taken into 4 ml of Na2CO3 solution of pH of about 12.2 g of NaCI were added, the whole was centrifuged and the content B of S2- ion was determined in the supernatant.
The consumption of S2- ion per gram of test product was calculated: Consumption of S = A - B = g S2/g product, W x 20.000 where A and B are expressed in mg/1 and W is in grams.
The results are listed in Table III.
TABLE III Product Consumption of S2- ions (g S2Vg product) COAT 1131 0.120 "Ironite Sponge" 0.085 overall cyclone magn. 0.090 cyclone 270 magn. 0.105 Example tV-Consumption of H2S in various media, at pH = 7.0 A nitrogen gas stream containing hydrogen sulfide from the acidulation of sulfide solution was bubbled into 100 ml of test liquid or slurry, the test sample containing 0.1 g of the test product. The emerging gas was collected and its hydrogen sulfide was absorbed in 50 ml of a 0.1 N NaOH solution. After one hour the content of sulfide in the NaOH solution was determined.The consumption of H2S was calculated: X consumption = X = Y g H2S/g product, where W X = initial amount of S2- ions, in the sulfide solution to be acidulated, mg; Y = amount of 2. ions, in the NaOH solution, mg; W = weight of test product to be tested, mg.
For each test product, the procedure was carried out in three liquids or slurries: A- 1% NaHCO3solution B - slurry based on sea water, starch treated C - slurry based on KCI.
The results are listed below in Table IV.
TABLE IV Product H2S consumption, g H2Slg product A B C COAT 1131 0.13 - "Ironite Sponge" 0.75 0.42 0.91 *overall cyclone magn. 0.72 0.47 0.65 **overall cyclone, magn. 0.63 0.48 0.50 * 1 sot experiment **2nd experiment From the Examples it can be inferred that the product of the present invention is better than the "Ironite Sponge" in alkaline and neutral media, starch-treated, for slurries based on seawater.

Claims (10)

1. A process for producing a high surface area magnetite concentrate which comprises subjecting a residue obtained by roasting pyrite to magnetic separation to produce a magnetic fraction of concentrated magnetite, and a non-magnetic fraction.
2. A process according to claim 1, in which the residue is a residue of a carbonaceous pyrite.
3. A process according to claim 1 or 2 in which the residue is a residue of a pyrite used as a raw material in the manufacture of elemental sulfur or sulfuric acid.
4. A process according to any of claims 1 to 3 in which the said residue is the solid product of a solid-gas separation of the products of the roasting.
5. A process according to claim 4, in which the products of the roasting subjected to the solid-gas separation are products entrained by a gaseous stream from a heat recovering unit.
6. A process according to claim 4 or 5, in which the said residue is a portion, separated by particle size, of the total solid products of the solid-gas separation.
7. A process according to claim 4, 5 and 6 in which the solid-gas separation is carried out by a cyclone.
8. A process according to claim 1 substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
9. High surface area magnetite produced by the process of any of the preceding claims.
10. A drilling mud comprising high surface area magnetite as claimed in claim 9.
GB08424562A 1983-09-30 1984-09-28 Process for obtaining a high surface area magnetite concentrate Expired GB2147284B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BR8305404A BR8305404A (en) 1983-09-30 1983-09-30 PROCESS OF OBTAINING A LARGE SPECIFIC MAGNETITE CONCENTRATE

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8424562D0 GB8424562D0 (en) 1984-11-07
GB2147284A true GB2147284A (en) 1985-05-09
GB2147284B GB2147284B (en) 1986-12-17

Family

ID=4034249

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB08424562A Expired GB2147284B (en) 1983-09-30 1984-09-28 Process for obtaining a high surface area magnetite concentrate

Country Status (6)

Country Link
AU (1) AU3359784A (en)
BR (1) BR8305404A (en)
GB (1) GB2147284B (en)
IT (1) IT1178007B (en)
MX (1) MX162691A (en)
ZA (1) ZA847667B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989004292A1 (en) * 1987-11-09 1989-05-18 Companhia Vale Do Rio Doce Process for the production of iron oxide having high reactivity and high specific surface

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB279797A (en) * 1926-10-28 1928-07-19 Ferriconcentrat Ab Method of enriching oxide iron-ores, flue dust from blast furnaces, burnt pyrites, purple-ore and the like
GB442437A (en) * 1934-07-30 1936-01-30 Brodde Erik Fjalar Rhodin Improvements in manufacture of sulphur dioxide
GB469328A (en) * 1936-01-22 1937-07-22 Herman Alexander Brassert Improvements in and relating to the treatment of iron ores for subsequent reduction
GB496999A (en) * 1936-05-07 1938-12-07 Metallgesellschaft Ag Process for dressing iron ores
GB960725A (en) * 1960-11-14 1964-06-17 Oxydes Francais Improvements in methods of treating non-magnetic iron ores
GB992855A (en) * 1961-03-28 1965-05-26 Montedison Spa Working up iron pyrite
GB1061772A (en) * 1963-03-26 1967-03-15 Aux De La Ind S A Empresa A process for the roasting of pyrites with the simultaneous reduction of ferric oxides to magnetite in a fluidized bed
GB1089933A (en) * 1964-08-13 1967-11-08 Fuji Iron & Steel Company Ltd Process for the treatment of iron oxide ores containing nickel, chromium and cobalt
GB1139085A (en) * 1965-03-22 1969-01-08 R N Corp Process for direct reduction of iron-bearing materials
GB1345246A (en) * 1970-04-20 1974-01-30 Boliden Ab Method of producing a hard coarse roasted product from iron sulphide

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB279797A (en) * 1926-10-28 1928-07-19 Ferriconcentrat Ab Method of enriching oxide iron-ores, flue dust from blast furnaces, burnt pyrites, purple-ore and the like
GB442437A (en) * 1934-07-30 1936-01-30 Brodde Erik Fjalar Rhodin Improvements in manufacture of sulphur dioxide
GB469328A (en) * 1936-01-22 1937-07-22 Herman Alexander Brassert Improvements in and relating to the treatment of iron ores for subsequent reduction
GB496999A (en) * 1936-05-07 1938-12-07 Metallgesellschaft Ag Process for dressing iron ores
GB960725A (en) * 1960-11-14 1964-06-17 Oxydes Francais Improvements in methods of treating non-magnetic iron ores
GB992855A (en) * 1961-03-28 1965-05-26 Montedison Spa Working up iron pyrite
GB1061772A (en) * 1963-03-26 1967-03-15 Aux De La Ind S A Empresa A process for the roasting of pyrites with the simultaneous reduction of ferric oxides to magnetite in a fluidized bed
GB1089933A (en) * 1964-08-13 1967-11-08 Fuji Iron & Steel Company Ltd Process for the treatment of iron oxide ores containing nickel, chromium and cobalt
GB1139085A (en) * 1965-03-22 1969-01-08 R N Corp Process for direct reduction of iron-bearing materials
GB1345246A (en) * 1970-04-20 1974-01-30 Boliden Ab Method of producing a hard coarse roasted product from iron sulphide

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989004292A1 (en) * 1987-11-09 1989-05-18 Companhia Vale Do Rio Doce Process for the production of iron oxide having high reactivity and high specific surface

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1178007B (en) 1987-09-03
IT8448923A0 (en) 1984-09-28
GB2147284B (en) 1986-12-17
MX162691A (en) 1991-06-17
GB8424562D0 (en) 1984-11-07
ZA847667B (en) 1986-05-28
AU3359784A (en) 1985-04-04
BR8305404A (en) 1985-05-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4552589A (en) Process for the recovery of gold from refractory ores by pressure oxidation
CA1076368A (en) Upgrading the nickel content from low grade nickel lateritic iron ores by a combined process of segregation and magnetic separation or flotation
US5204084A (en) Hydrometallurgical production of zinc oxide from roasted zinc concentrates
US3961940A (en) Post-treatment of ilmenite ore subjected to selective chlorination treatment
US4058587A (en) Process for removing impurities from acidic fluid solutions
US11401578B2 (en) Extraction methods from refractory ores
Runkel et al. Pyrite roasting, an alternative to sulphur burning
CA1254732A (en) Drilling mud comprising a high surface area magnetite concentrate
CA1058382A (en) Process of producing iron oxide weighting materials for drilling fluids
Gao et al. Innovative technology and mechanism for comprehensive recovery of copper, nickel, zinc and iron in electroplating sludge
US3754896A (en) Process for recovering nickel from very low grade primary nickel ores
GB2147284A (en) Process for obtaining a high surface area magnetite concentrate
Walpole et al. The Austpac ERMS and EARS processes for the manufacture of high-grade synthetic rutile by the hydrochloric acid leaching of ilmenite
JP7341570B2 (en) How to produce copper metal from copper concentrate without producing waste
US6086847A (en) Process for treating iron-containing sulfide rocks and ores
CA1180902A (en) Process for recovering metals
US4277446A (en) Removal of iron and titanium minerals from aluminum bearing materials by chlorination and beneficiation
RU2159296C1 (en) Method of recovery of rhenium and other metals
CA1265665A (en) Process for drilling mud additive preparation and additive for drilling mud
EP0588235A1 (en) Process for recovering lead from lead-containing raw materials
AU650783B2 (en) Sulfide roasting with lime
US3803288A (en) Recovery of sulfur and iron oxide from pyritic materials
US4062675A (en) Ore treatment involving a halo-metallization process
CA1196478A (en) Dry scrubbing of so.sub.2 from mixtures
CA1200074A (en) Process for production of metal calcines of low sulfur content

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19940928