GB2141352A - Extraction of liquids from semi-solid pulp or slurry - Google Patents

Extraction of liquids from semi-solid pulp or slurry Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2141352A
GB2141352A GB08411799A GB8411799A GB2141352A GB 2141352 A GB2141352 A GB 2141352A GB 08411799 A GB08411799 A GB 08411799A GB 8411799 A GB8411799 A GB 8411799A GB 2141352 A GB2141352 A GB 2141352A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
enclosure
belt
slurry
sheet
pulp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB08411799A
Other versions
GB8411799D0 (en
Inventor
Terence Derek Anthony Wilson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB838312761A external-priority patent/GB8312761D0/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB08411799A priority Critical patent/GB2141352A/en
Publication of GB8411799D0 publication Critical patent/GB8411799D0/en
Publication of GB2141352A publication Critical patent/GB2141352A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/24—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using an endless pressing band
    • B30B9/245—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using an endless pressing band the edges of the band being folded over the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/04—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams
    • B30B9/10—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams without use of a casing
    • B30B9/105—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using press rams without use of a casing using a press ram co-operating with an intermittently moved endless conveyor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)

Abstract

Apparatus for extracting liquid such as fruit juice from pulp or slurry comprises an endless porous belt (13) driven continuously or intermittently and arranged to travel in sequence past a loading station (10,11) where the pulp is fed onto the open belt, a closing station (17) where the sides of the belt are folded inwards, a first clamp (18), a reciprocating press platen (30), a second clamp (20), and an opening station. Thereafter pressed cakes (22) are removed from the belt which is vibrated, scraped clean and subject to cleaning air blasts before returning to the loading station. <IMAGE>

Description

means to vary the speed and pressure exerted by the press as it approaches the fixed platen.
The two clamps 18,20 are arranged to prevent excessive movement of pulp or juice lengthwise along the enclosure from the pressing zone. Each clamp comprises a rigid transverse bar extending across the enclosure above the fixed platen and these two bars are conveniently attached to the press plate 30 by means of stiff springs and normally positioned below the plate so that as the press is brought down the clamping bars engage the porous sheet first and squeeze material down against the fixed platen. Further movement of the press then causes the plate 30 to exert pressure on the intervening pressure zone.
During this compression step the movement ofthe belt and also of the enclosure is halted and simultaneously the delivery of pommace is interrupted.
The belt is advanced step by step in synchronism with the movements of the press.
On leaving the pressing zone the enclosure then contacts an opening shoe 21 resembling a rounded plough, which is arranged to open up the side margins of the porous sheet so that the belt returns to its original flat state. The relatively dry compress-ed residue cakes 22 then fall off the belt as it passes over the end guide rollers 15 and after further particles of fru it pulp have been removed at 24,25, and 26, the belt continues around its endless path to the original starting point.
In the example described the press and clamps are stationary in the direction of movement of the belt and the belt moves intermittently. In a possible alternative the press and clamps may be made to move lengthwise with the belt during the pressing stage. The press may then return cyclically to its starting position for the next pressing cycle, or in some cases a series of presses may be provided around a circular path so that each press returns automatically to the starting position and the movement is continuous and uninterrupted.
To hold the edges of the porous belt closed during the pressing cycle the porous sheet may be provided with a continuous seal or joint such as a sliding zip fastener, or a strip of Velcro (Trade Mark). In another alternative the enclosure may be formed by two separate continuous porous sheets. For example there may be a bottom sheet on to which the pommace is delivered, a top sheet which is supplied continuously over the layer of pommace, and means for overlapping or temporarily holding closed the margins as the material passes through the pressing zone.
The actual pressing zone and the upper run of the belt may be horizontal, as illustrated, but conveniently are inclined upwards at a shallow incline so that any juice extracted tends to travel downwards to the starting end where it is collected in a tray 35 and runs off to a juice extraction duct 36.
The pressure plate 30 and platen 31 may be flat, as illustrated, or alternatively may be shaped or tilted or made flexible so as to achieve the optimum nonuniform or progressive pressings.
In lieu of the reciprocating pressing operation, as described, the extraction of the juice may be achieved by a continuous roller pressing sequence.
For example there may be a multiple series of rollers above and below the run of the belt with the nip between the rollers becoming progressively smaller.
There may be a number of porous belts driven continuously one above the other with pommace delivered in separate layers between the belts to form a multiple "sandwich".
The rollers and clamps need not necessarily be plain straight cylinders. For example, barrel-shaped or crown rollers may be used to aid belt alignment, or concave rollers with enlarged ends to prevent escape of pommace at the sides of the belt.
To prevent the "enclosure"from bursting open along the seam under the pressure plate means may be provided for pressing down more forcibly along the length of the overlap; for example the press plate may have a longitudinal rib at this position.
1. Apparatus for extracting liquids from a semisolid pulp or slurry, comprising one or more continuous flexible porous sheets, means for delivering the pulp or slurry continuously or intermittently onto the sheet(s), means for enclosing the pulp or slurry within the sheet or sheets, means for compressing the material within the porous enclosure to extract fluids, and means for opening the enclosure and extracting the pressed residue.
2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, in which the sheet(s) are endless, and including means for causing the sheet(s) to travel around a closed path.
3. Apparatus according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, including means for gripping or compressing the enclosure on the entry and exit sides of the pressing zone.
4. Apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, in which the compression is performed intermittently at a pressing station.
5. -Apparatus according to Claim 4, in which the enclosure is fed in steps and held stationary during pressing.
6. Apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, including means for holding the enclosure closed during pressing.
7. Apparatus according to Claim 6, in which the closure means consists of a continuous elongated connector or other openable continuous seal.
8. A method of extracting liquids such as fruit juices from semi-solid pulp or slurry, in which the slurry is delivered onto and enclosed by a porous flexible continuous sheet, which forms a continuous tubular enclosure, pressure is applied externally to compact the enclosure and cause liquids to be expelled and the enclosure is subsequently opened to allow the compressed residue to be removed.
9. A method according to Claim 8, in which the slurry is delivered continuously or intermittently onto the porous sheets(s) and the enclosure is of extended length and the compression takes place over a limited part of the total length either intermittently or continuously and progressively.
10. An apparatus or method for extracting liquids substantially as described with reference to
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (11)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. means to vary the speed and pressure exerted by the press as it approaches the fixed platen. The two clamps 18,20 are arranged to prevent excessive movement of pulp or juice lengthwise along the enclosure from the pressing zone. Each clamp comprises a rigid transverse bar extending across the enclosure above the fixed platen and these two bars are conveniently attached to the press plate 30 by means of stiff springs and normally positioned below the plate so that as the press is brought down the clamping bars engage the porous sheet first and squeeze material down against the fixed platen. Further movement of the press then causes the plate 30 to exert pressure on the intervening pressure zone. During this compression step the movement ofthe belt and also of the enclosure is halted and simultaneously the delivery of pommace is interrupted. The belt is advanced step by step in synchronism with the movements of the press. On leaving the pressing zone the enclosure then contacts an opening shoe 21 resembling a rounded plough, which is arranged to open up the side margins of the porous sheet so that the belt returns to its original flat state. The relatively dry compress-ed residue cakes 22 then fall off the belt as it passes over the end guide rollers 15 and after further particles of fru it pulp have been removed at 24,25, and 26, the belt continues around its endless path to the original starting point. In the example described the press and clamps are stationary in the direction of movement of the belt and the belt moves intermittently. In a possible alternative the press and clamps may be made to move lengthwise with the belt during the pressing stage. The press may then return cyclically to its starting position for the next pressing cycle, or in some cases a series of presses may be provided around a circular path so that each press returns automatically to the starting position and the movement is continuous and uninterrupted. To hold the edges of the porous belt closed during the pressing cycle the porous sheet may be provided with a continuous seal or joint such as a sliding zip fastener, or a strip of Velcro (Trade Mark). In another alternative the enclosure may be formed by two separate continuous porous sheets. For example there may be a bottom sheet on to which the pommace is delivered, a top sheet which is supplied continuously over the layer of pommace, and means for overlapping or temporarily holding closed the margins as the material passes through the pressing zone. The actual pressing zone and the upper run of the belt may be horizontal, as illustrated, but conveniently are inclined upwards at a shallow incline so that any juice extracted tends to travel downwards to the starting end where it is collected in a tray 35 and runs off to a juice extraction duct 36. The pressure plate 30 and platen 31 may be flat, as illustrated, or alternatively may be shaped or tilted or made flexible so as to achieve the optimum nonuniform or progressive pressings. In lieu of the reciprocating pressing operation, as described, the extraction of the juice may be achieved by a continuous roller pressing sequence. For example there may be a multiple series of rollers above and below the run of the belt with the nip between the rollers becoming progressively smaller. There may be a number of porous belts driven continuously one above the other with pommace delivered in separate layers between the belts to form a multiple "sandwich". The rollers and clamps need not necessarily be plain straight cylinders. For example, barrel-shaped or crown rollers may be used to aid belt alignment, or concave rollers with enlarged ends to prevent escape of pommace at the sides of the belt. To prevent the "enclosure"from bursting open along the seam under the pressure plate means may be provided for pressing down more forcibly along the length of the overlap; for example the press plate may have a longitudinal rib at this position. CLAIMS
1. Apparatus for extracting liquids from a semisolid pulp or slurry, comprising one or more continuous flexible porous sheets, means for delivering the pulp or slurry continuously or intermittently onto the sheet(s), means for enclosing the pulp or slurry within the sheet or sheets, means for compressing the material within the porous enclosure to extract fluids, and means for opening the enclosure and extracting the pressed residue.
2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, in which the sheet(s) are endless, and including means for causing the sheet(s) to travel around a closed path.
3. Apparatus according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, including means for gripping or compressing the enclosure on the entry and exit sides of the pressing zone.
4. Apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, in which the compression is performed intermittently at a pressing station.
5. -Apparatus according to Claim 4, in which the enclosure is fed in steps and held stationary during pressing.
6. Apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, including means for holding the enclosure closed during pressing.
7. Apparatus according to Claim 6, in which the closure means consists of a continuous elongated connector or other openable continuous seal.
8. A method of extracting liquids such as fruit juices from semi-solid pulp or slurry, in which the slurry is delivered onto and enclosed by a porous flexible continuous sheet, which forms a continuous tubular enclosure, pressure is applied externally to compact the enclosure and cause liquids to be expelled and the enclosure is subsequently opened to allow the compressed residue to be removed.
9. A method according to Claim 8, in which the slurry is delivered continuously or intermittently onto the porous sheets(s) and the enclosure is of extended length and the compression takes place over a limited part of the total length either intermittently or continuously and progressively.
10. An apparatus or method for extracting liquids substantially as described with reference to SPECIFICATION Extraction of liquids from semi-solid pulp or slurry This invention relates to methods and apparatus for extracting liquids from slurries and is particularly though not exclusively applicable to the extraction of fruit juices from fruit pulp.
One particular field of use is the extraction of apple juice, for example for the manufacture of cider.
Historically apple juice has been extracted byfirst crushing the apples to form the rough pulp or pommace and then packing this in open mesh sacking to form a multi-layer "cheese" which is then subjected to heavy compression in a conventional ciderpress.Afterthe apple juice has run off the press is opened and the individual "hairs" are opened out to allow the compressed residue to be removed after which the sacking is re-used to form another hair "cheese".
These time-honoured processes are satisfactory in producing good quality clear apple juice, butthey are time-consuming, wasteful of labour and inefficient in the quantity of juice extracted per ton. Also, the existing equipment is extremely heavy and cannot readily be made portable for use on site at the actual orchard.
Accordingly it is an object of the invention to provide an improved process and apparatus which will reduce or eliminate some of the existing problems.
Broadly stated from one aspect the invention consists in apparatus for extracting liquids from a semi-solid pulp or slurry, comprising one or more continuous flexible porous sheets, means for delivering the pulp or slurry continuously or intermittently onto the sheet(s), means for enclosing the pulp or slurry within the sheet or sheets, means for compressing the material within the porous enclosure to extract fluids, and means for opening the enclosure and extracting the pressed residue, Conveniently the sheet(s) are endless, and the plant includes means for causing the sheet(s) to travel around a closed path and preferably the apparatus includes means for gripping or compressing the enclosure on the entry and exit sides of the pressing zone.The compression may be performed intermittently at a pressing station, or alternatively the enclosure may be fed in steps and held stationary during pressing.
The enclosure is conveniently formed merely by folding over the margins of the sheet or sheets, preferably with an adequate overlap. Alternatively the equipment may include means for holding the enclosure closed during pressing. For example the edges of the sheet or sheets may be provided with continuous connectors such as zip fasteners or velcro which can be engaged to form a temporary join of adequate strength and can later be separated to allow the residue to be removed.
From another aspect the invention consists in a method of extracting liquids such as fruit juices from a semi-solid pulp or slurry, in which the slurry is delivered onto and enclosed by a porous flexible continuous sheet which forms a continuous tubular enclosure, pressure is applied externally to compact the enclosure and cause liquids to be expelled and the enclosure is subsequently opened to allow the compressed residue to be removed.
In preferred embodiments of the invention the slurry is delivered continuously or intermittently onto the porous sheet(s) and the enclosure is of extended length and the compression takes place over a limited part of the total length either intermittently or continuously and progressively.
The invention also consists in the extracted liquid such as fruit juice separated from the slurry by the apparatus or process as defined.
The invention may be performed in various ways and one embodiment with some possible modifications will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation illustrating an apple juice extraction plant according to the invention, Figure 2 is a diagrammatic perspective view illustrating the folding of the sides of the continuous filter sheet to form the tubular enclosure, and Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating the sequence of stages through the plant.
In this example the invention is applied to a continuous extraction plant for obtaining apple juice from apple pulp. The apples have previously been crushed or chopped to form a semi-solid pulp or slurry known as pommace and this is delivered undergravitytothe plantthrough afeed pipe 10 having a horizontally inclined nozzle 11. The stream of apple slurry emerging from the nozzle is delivered onto a movable belt 12, which has an upper generally horizontal run 13 and a lower return run 14. The belt is guided around four rollers 15 one or more of which are driven to cause movement of the belt. The belt informed of a flexible porous sheet material, for example an open mesh woven cloth or hair material such as is used in conventional cider presses.
The upper run 13 of the belt after receiving the layer of pommace at 16 passes in sequence through a guide system 17 where the sides of the belt are folded inwards one over the other, past a first clamp 18, a pressing station 19, a second clamp 20 and an opening shoe 21. When folded downwards at the far end of the machine over the guide rollers 15 the compressed residue cakes 22 fall off the belt into a must hopper 23 and the apparatus may also include a vibrator 24 and one or more scrapers 25 to assist in removing dry material. In addition, there may be an air blast system 26 positioned above the belt to drive out fibres caught in the interstices.
The folding guide system 17 has progressively curved side wings which are arranged to cause the margins of the belt to fold over and wrap across one over the other with the continuous pommace located within the porous enclosure. Conveniently the tubular enclosure is of greater lateral dimensions and is about 3" in height resembling a large flattened sausage.
The press station 19 includes a generallyflat upper press plate 30 oparated by a hydraulic ram 31 and bearing down against a fixed lower bed or platen 32.
The hydraulic ram may include automatic control the accompanying drawings.
11. Fruit juice extracted from a pulp or slurry by means of the apparatus or method of any of the preceding claims.
GB08411799A 1983-05-10 1984-05-09 Extraction of liquids from semi-solid pulp or slurry Withdrawn GB2141352A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08411799A GB2141352A (en) 1983-05-10 1984-05-09 Extraction of liquids from semi-solid pulp or slurry

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB838312761A GB8312761D0 (en) 1983-05-10 1983-05-10 Extraction of liquids from pulp/slurry
GB08411799A GB2141352A (en) 1983-05-10 1984-05-09 Extraction of liquids from semi-solid pulp or slurry

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8411799D0 GB8411799D0 (en) 1984-06-13
GB2141352A true GB2141352A (en) 1984-12-19

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GB08411799A Withdrawn GB2141352A (en) 1983-05-10 1984-05-09 Extraction of liquids from semi-solid pulp or slurry

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5520824A (en) * 1993-03-05 1996-05-28 Kaneto Shoji Co. Method of separating a solid-liquid mixture by wringing a twisted filter belt enclosing the mixture
FR2860131A1 (en) * 2003-09-25 2005-04-01 Michael Paetzold Berry component separator, especially for grapes has pip extractor with pressure elements that squeeze grapes between two belts
AU2008246213A1 (en) * 2008-01-10 2009-07-30 Parker, James Stephen Mr Fabric Compressor
CN103736956A (en) * 2013-12-23 2014-04-23 江苏大学 Magnesium alloy semisolid deposition modeling method
ITCT20130022A1 (en) * 2013-09-10 2015-03-11 Greca Antonino La MACHINE FOR "PRESSING" OF ANY FRUIT FOR THE PURPOSE OF OBTAINING A FOOD PRODUCT OF UNACCEPTABLE ORGANOLEPTIC QUALITIES AND HEALTH
FR3073826A1 (en) * 2017-11-23 2019-05-24 Bucher Vaslin FILLING DEVICE FOR BULK PRODUCTS OF A TANK AND ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A TANK AND SUCH A FILLING ASSIST DEVICE
US11638887B2 (en) * 2012-01-18 2023-05-02 Oase Gmbh Filter unit

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116147985B (en) * 2023-04-24 2023-07-11 唐山职业技术学院 Sampling device for analyzing constituent elements of fruit tree leaves

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1036637A (en) * 1963-07-26 1966-07-20 Otto Gunkel Fruit press
GB1270842A (en) * 1968-07-02 1972-04-19 Hans Gujer Improvements in or relating to filters
GB1435815A (en) * 1972-09-05 1976-05-19 Fischer Holdings Peat press
GB1519634A (en) * 1974-08-13 1978-08-02 Hamako Hartmann Maschbau Device for the continuous seperation of solid/fluid mixtures of all kinds
GB1534828A (en) * 1976-04-08 1978-12-06 Brown J Filtering apparatus and method
GB2065487A (en) * 1979-12-14 1981-07-01 Alpma Alpenland Masch Continuous pressing filter
EP0063991A2 (en) * 1981-04-13 1982-11-03 SOCIETE GUINARD DE SEPARATION Société dite: Filter installation with sieve bands passing between press plates

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1036637A (en) * 1963-07-26 1966-07-20 Otto Gunkel Fruit press
GB1270842A (en) * 1968-07-02 1972-04-19 Hans Gujer Improvements in or relating to filters
GB1435815A (en) * 1972-09-05 1976-05-19 Fischer Holdings Peat press
GB1519634A (en) * 1974-08-13 1978-08-02 Hamako Hartmann Maschbau Device for the continuous seperation of solid/fluid mixtures of all kinds
GB1534828A (en) * 1976-04-08 1978-12-06 Brown J Filtering apparatus and method
GB2065487A (en) * 1979-12-14 1981-07-01 Alpma Alpenland Masch Continuous pressing filter
EP0063991A2 (en) * 1981-04-13 1982-11-03 SOCIETE GUINARD DE SEPARATION Société dite: Filter installation with sieve bands passing between press plates

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5520824A (en) * 1993-03-05 1996-05-28 Kaneto Shoji Co. Method of separating a solid-liquid mixture by wringing a twisted filter belt enclosing the mixture
FR2860131A1 (en) * 2003-09-25 2005-04-01 Michael Paetzold Berry component separator, especially for grapes has pip extractor with pressure elements that squeeze grapes between two belts
AU2008246213A1 (en) * 2008-01-10 2009-07-30 Parker, James Stephen Mr Fabric Compressor
US11638887B2 (en) * 2012-01-18 2023-05-02 Oase Gmbh Filter unit
ITCT20130022A1 (en) * 2013-09-10 2015-03-11 Greca Antonino La MACHINE FOR "PRESSING" OF ANY FRUIT FOR THE PURPOSE OF OBTAINING A FOOD PRODUCT OF UNACCEPTABLE ORGANOLEPTIC QUALITIES AND HEALTH
CN103736956A (en) * 2013-12-23 2014-04-23 江苏大学 Magnesium alloy semisolid deposition modeling method
FR3073826A1 (en) * 2017-11-23 2019-05-24 Bucher Vaslin FILLING DEVICE FOR BULK PRODUCTS OF A TANK AND ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A TANK AND SUCH A FILLING ASSIST DEVICE

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Publication number Publication date
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