GB2129826A

GB2129826A - Installation for the recovery of hydrocarbon products from salvage oils or the like

Info

Publication number: GB2129826A
Application number: GB08324872A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Hans-Peter Jenau; Dieter Kaerner
Original assignee: JENAU HANS PETER
Current assignee: JENAU HANS PETER
Priority date: 1982-10-05
Filing date: 1983-09-16
Publication date: 1984-05-23
Also published as: GB8324872D0

Abstract

The invention relates to an installation for the recovery of hydrocarbon products from salvage oils, or the like, by means of distillation or rectification, and is characterized in that it is constructed as a small, particularly transportable functioning unit, with an electrically heated distillation container 11, 12, 35, 40, 60, a filter 3 connected in series, an exhaust-gas-after-burner 23, process heat-exchangers 9, 10 and an insulation sleeve 30 around the distillation container and the process heat-exchangers. Diesel or heating oil are preferably produced from the salvage oil. The heating of the installation takes place electrically, particularly by means of a Diesel generator, which is integrated in the installation. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Installation for the recovery of hydrocarbon products from salvage oils or the like The invention relates to an installation for the recovery of products from salvage oils or the like, by means of distillation and rectification.

It is known to regenerate salvage oil on an industrial scale for the recovery of lubricating oils. In this connection, first impurities are separated off by means of filters and/or centrifuges, and acid constituents and, if need be, long-chain hydrocarbon constituents are eliminated or separated off by chemical procedures, the formed having resulted from ageing of the oil, and would both lower its lubricating capacity as well as that upon further utilization of the oil, corrosion would develop.

In the case of regeneration of salvage oils for the recovery of lubricating oils, a disadvantage is, on the one hand, the high expenditure required for the reclaiming of qualified lubri- cating oils, and, on the other hand, that a relatively large quantity of the lubricating oil intended for the reworking of determined lubricating oil can no longer be utilized.

It is the object of the invention, compared with the foregoing, to indicate an installation for the preparation of salvage oils and the like, which with a high degree of production, in spite of being decentrally installed, produces qualitatively advantageously altered products, for example, Diesel-oil or heating oil.

The object is solved thereby, that the reclaiming takes place in a small, particularly transportable functioning unit with an electrically heated distillation container, a filter connected in series, an exhaust gas after-burner, process-heat-exchanger and an insulating sleeve around the distillation-container and the process-heat-exchanger. Thus results a previously unattained favourable development of hydrocarbon products from salvage-oils or the like, in a self-sufficient installation, that is operable by means of the recovered products.

The efficiency is very high and the general requirements are taken into account according to the optical utilization of the raw materials which are available.

In development of the invention, it is provided that the heating takes place by means of heater-rods, preferably, arranged horizontally. Through an electric heating with horizontal heater-rods, there results an especially favourable vaporization condition which leads to the desired high degree of utilzation of the reclaiming. In particular, by means of the horizontal position of the heater-rods, it is possible to distill the savage oil to the opti mum extent. In further development of the invention, it is provided that the installation has a mechanical purification device for the salvage oil introduced. Salvage oil contains, as known appreciable portions of non-volatile media, even metals, etc. which do not permit of being contained in a new product.Through the measures according to the invention, it is advantageously possible to prevent the occurrence of harmul constituents in the product recovered. The purification of the salvage oil introduced through mechanical means leads to the fact that there is actually obtained a completely chemically preparable product.

In further development of the invention, it is provided that under the heater-rods, a residue-storage-container is arranged, which is in connection by means of a connection slot with the distillation chamber. Thus, surprisingly, results a simple possibility,-of simply separating out the naphtha constituents of the salvage oil no longer utilizable, and conveying them to a sump, which makes possible an evacuation according to previously determined periods of standstill. The product divided out here can simply be processed further, for example, into bitumen or asphalt.

In further development of the invention, it is provided that the installation has a separator cyclone for the solid constituents of the distillation process. Thus results the possibility of simply separating out unsuitable constituents.

In further development of the invention, it is provided that the installation has a circulation switch for the product produced with return of the solid parts into the distillation chamber. Thus, it is possible to work up even relatively non-volatile constituents and to influence them in the circulation always so far, chemically and thermally, that their content in utilizable hydrocarbons is made use of to the optimum extent. In toto, there results in this way a use of the utilizable hydrocarbons which was previously not attained.

In development of the invention, it is further provided that the installation has a distillation container with a sleeve heating or an induction heating. By means of this type of heating, a particularly favorable form of distillation container is attainable, which renders a mechanical cleaning of heater rods or the like superfluous. Thus there results an especially simple operation, free from difficulty, with which an optimizing of the total expenditure is attained.

In further development of the invention, it is provided that the distillation container has a cracking part and fractionation part. By means of this disrtibution, an especially good result is obtained. Although it is a question of a small particularly transportable installation, the output of a large-scale installation is equaled.

In further development of the invention, it is provided that above the electric heater, a spray-distributor is arranged. In this way, there results surprisingly an especially good and uniform vaporization and distillation of the salvage oil, which in cooperation with the horizontal heater rods leads to a good result of the conversion according to the invention.

In further development of the invention, it is provided that the installation has a purposedosaging device for the supply of salvage oil and the like, determined as to quantity. Thus is possible through a constantly optimum capacity, an operation free from disturbance and without difficulty of the installation according to the invention, with the very high output of utilizable hydrocarbons.

Salvage oil contains through the different additives which are added, so many substances harmful to the environment that an after-buring is not to be avoided. Surprisingly, it was found that even an after-burning with its corresponding costs and the expenditure of energy connected therewith does not lead to a lack of economy in the preparation.

In further development of the invention, it is provided that the after-burning chamber has an electric ignition device, a check-valve, as well as an automatically operating gas-deficiency cut-off system. Thus, as operation of the after-burning free from difficulty with complete prevention of danger to the environment is possible.

In further development of the invention, it is provided that the installation has an end prnduct,-contrnl device, which continuously monitors the specific weight of the end-products. In this way, and manner, the quality of the end-product produced is also guaranteed.

Surprisingly, it was found that a simple control of the specific weight in the case of the reclaimed products produced is sufficient to produce Diesel oil, heating oil or the like, lying according to quality in the Dl N-norms.

A further development of the invention also makes possible an economical production of gaseous hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, etc. In addition, it is provided that the distillation container has a process-gas-offtake-device which is connected particularly with a condenser connected in series. Thus it is possible surprisingly simply, according to the invention, to recover even gaseous hydrocarbon products such as propane, butane, etc.

which otherwise would be burnt at least partially in the exhaust gas combustion. The condenser connected in series permits filling of the recovered gaseous products economically into steel bottles, etc., so that immediately a salable product results. The production of the drawn-off gases in relation to the production of liquid hydrocarbon products may in this connection be influenced within wide limits by means of the development of the distillation container. Thus it is possible to attain an optimum relation between the development of gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons corresponding to the particular condition of the market.

In further development of the invention, it is provided that the distillation container, at least in its upper part is constructed as absorption chamber. Thus, there results a further inprovement of the process-gas-off-take and the process-gas-production.

In further development of the invention, it is provided that the condenser is connected with a gas-liquefying aggregate. Thus, advantageously, the volume of the process-gas produced may be substantially diminished and there results a product corresponding with the ordinary cylinder-gas which is transportable favorably as to cost.

In further development of the invention, it is provided that the installation has a collector for the sulphurous constituents of the salvage oil with a sulphuric acid preparation installation connected in series. Thus is possible also the utilization of the not quite unappreciable sulphur portions of the salvage oil which would otherwise be burnt. The sulphuric acid produced, particularly weak sulphuric acid, may be supplied for the ordinary industrial uses of sulphuric acid.

In further development of the invention, it is provided that the individual installation parts are arranged within a common heat and sound-proofing hood. Thus, there results an especially compact, easily transportable installation, which connects or combines an optimum efficiency through prevention of heat losses with fulfillment of the emission protection laws.

The invention is shown in the drawings in a preferred embodiment, whereby further advantageous details of the invention are apparent from the drawings.

The drawings show in detail: Figure 1, the circuit diagram of a total installation.

Figure 2 a diagrammtic showing of the distillation- and cracking-installation.

Figure 3 the vaporization chamber in detail.

Figure 4 an alternative to the direct heating.

In Fig. 1, the reference character 1 indicates the container, from which the salvage oil to be prepared reaches through the locking valve 2 and the filter 3, the distillation installation, according to the invention. A water trap or separator of two-stage construction is also connected in series. Meanwhile, a slidemember 6 is also arranged which is motordriven and cooperates with a dosaging device 8.

First the salvage oil to be prepared reaches the heat-exchanger 9, 10 and then the cracking- and fractionation-container 11 and 12.

The fractionation container has a manometer 13 and likewise, the heat exchanger 10 has the manometer 14. The distilled product arrives by means of the filter valves, filters and storage container 20, 21 and 22 at a collection-container, which is not shown. The resulting exhaust gases are burnt in the afterburning chamber 23 and released into the atmosphere through a grate 24.

In Fig. 2 it is shown that insulation 30 encloses the entire part of the installation acted on thermally. It is shown diagrammatically that the distillation- and rectification-part may be divided into several perforated bottoms, in which the individual valuable constituents may be collected and drawn off separately. The heating takes place electrically and is shown diagrammatically in form of the feed 38, Below the distillation container is arranged the residue container 37 which is periodically evacuated, for example, on a 24hour cycle.

In the cyclone 41, there takes place a separation of the solid particles with a separation-section of circa 2 y. Thus results through the return lead of the solid particles an ever continued treatment of the constituents actually preparable.

In Fig. 3 the reference character 40 indicates the residue container, and 41, the electric heating with the attachments 42. The cracking- and distillation-container has a cover to be opened with the screws 43 as well as the residue-outlet 49. The salvage oil to be prepared is introduced through the spray-distributor 44 into the cracking- and distillationchamber and there vaporized. It rises through the tower 46 and escapes through the conduit 48 to the solids separator in the cyclone 31.

The distillation installation is provided in advantageous manner with different perforated bottoms, basket-bottoms, etc. as well as with a product-return-path 45. These individual parts are not the object of the invention.

The distillation installation is closed above by means of the screws 47. In the lower part of the installation is located the product residue-sump 40 with the passage slot 50 for the residue incapable of preparation.

An alternate embodiment is shown in Fig.

4, in which an indirect heating of the distillation- and cracking-part is provided. The heating is indicated at 61, and the distillation part at 60. In the lower part, is located a perforated bottom 66 under which are conducted out of the cyclone 62 through the check-valve 63 the residues still not prepared. The conduit to a spray-distributor is indicated at 65/. The check-valve 63 is set in such manner that a circulation flow prevails in the entire system, which leads to a reliable separation of the solids parts in the cyclone and simultaneously results in a reliable discharge of the solids portions. The balance which the check-valve 63 equalizes is therefore 1 to 5 mb.

Claims

1. Installation for the recovery of hydrocarbon products from salvage oils or the like, by means of distillation or rectification, characterized in this, that it is constructed as small, particularly transportable functioning unit with an electrically heated distillationcontainer (11, 12, 35, 40, 60), a filter (3) connected in series, an exhaust gas afterburner (23), process-heat-exchangers (9, 10), and an insulation sleeve (30) around the distillation container (11, 12, 35, 40, 60) and the process heat exchanger (9, 10).

2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in this, that the heating takes place by means of preferably horizontally disposed rod heaters (41, 51).

3. Installation, as set forth in claim 1 or 2, in that the installation has a mechanical cleaning device for the salvage oil introduced.

4. Installation, as set forth in claim 1, 2 or 3, consisting in this, that under the rod heaters (41, 51) a residue storage container (37, 40) is arranged, which by means of a connection slot (50) is in connection with the distillation chamber.

5. Installation, as set forth in claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, consisting in this, that is has a separation cyclone (31, 62) for the solid constituents of the distillation process.

6. Installation, as set forth in claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, consisting in this, that it has a circulation switch for the product produced with returning of the solid parts into the distillation chamber.

7. Installation, as set forth in claim 1, 3, 4, 5 or 6, consisting in this, that it has a sleeve heater (61) or induction heater.

8. Installation, as set forth in claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, consisting in this, that the distillation container has a cracking part (11) and a fractionation part (12).

9. Installation, as set forth in claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, consisting in this, that above the electric heating, a spray distributor (44, 52) is arranged.

10. Installation, as set forth in one of the preceding claims, consisting in this, that it has a purpose-dosaging device (6, 7, 8) for the feed determined according to the quantity of the salvage oils, or the like.

11. Installation, as set forth in one of the preceding claims, consisting in this, that it has an after-burner chamber (23) which has particularly an inner high temperature-resistant combustion zone and on the outside a steel sleeve.

12. Installation, as set forth in claim 11, consisting in this, that the after-burner chamber (23) has an electric ignition device, a check-valve, as well as an automatically operating gas-deficiency-cut-off system.

13. Installation, as set forth in one of the preceding claims, consisting in this, that it has an end product-control device, which continuously monitors the specific weight of the end product.

14. Installation, as set forth in one of the preceding claims, consisting in this, that the distillation container has a process-gas-outlet which is connected particularly with a condenser connected in series.

15. Installation, as set forth in claim 14, consisting in this, that the distillation container is constructed, at least in its upper part, as absorption chamber.

16. Installation, as set forth in claim 14 or 16, consisting in this, that the condenser is connected with a gas liquefying aggregate.

17. Installation, as set forth in claim 14.

15 or 16, consisting in this, that it has a collector for the suplhurous constituents of the salvage oils, with a sulphuric acid preparation installation.

18. Installation, as set forth in one of the preceding claims, consisting in this, that the individual installation parts are arranged within a common contact-heat- and soundproofing hood.