GB2129439A - A copper-nickel-magnesium alloy for cast iron production - Google Patents
A copper-nickel-magnesium alloy for cast iron production Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2129439A GB2129439A GB08229817A GB8229817A GB2129439A GB 2129439 A GB2129439 A GB 2129439A GB 08229817 A GB08229817 A GB 08229817A GB 8229817 A GB8229817 A GB 8229817A GB 2129439 A GB2129439 A GB 2129439A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- cast iron
- nickel
- copper
- alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 16
- DAIMKIDDOJTMOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[Ni].[Cu] Chemical compound [Mg].[Ni].[Cu] DAIMKIDDOJTMOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 8
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000004313 glare Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 up to 0.1% by weight Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/002—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt with copper as the next major constituent
Abstract
The manufacture of ductile cast iron, especially pearlitic iron, using an alloy of 20 to 70% by weight of copper, 6 to 30% by weight of magnesium, and 1.2 to 2.0% by weight of cerium, the balance being nickel and unavoidable impurities ensures a relatively quiet reaction during the spheroidization treatment and the production of cast iron having relatively high mechanical properties.
Description
SPECIFICATION
A copper-nickel-magnesium alloy
The present invention relates to a coppernickel-magnesium alloy which is of particular use in the manufacture of ductile cast iron, especially of pearlitic iron.
Various alloys are known for the manufacture of ductile cast iron, (see the book by J. Piaskowski and A. Jankowski "Ductile Cast Iron"-PWt 1957). They are divided into two groups: medium-magnesium alloys containing 10-1 5% by weight of Mg, and low-magnesium alloys containing 57% by weight of Mg.
When the ductile cast iron is treated with these alloys, however, the process is characterized by violent reactions followed by the evolution of fumes and smoke and by turbulent movements of the molten metal bath in a ladle.
In addition, Polish Patent No. 95949 describes a copper-nickel-magnesium alloy containing: 26% by weight of Mg, 2070% by weight of Cu, and up to 1.2% by
weight of Ce,
the balance being nickel.
The chemical composition of this type of copper-nickel-magnesium alloy enables a quiet treatment of the ductile cast iron without violet reactions or fumes, smoke and glare effects which, in turn, makes it possible to eliminate special means for protecting against the effect of the violent reaction of spheroidization and retarding this reaction when the alloy is introduced into a ladle.
Nevertheless, in manyfoundaries the use of this alloy is restricted by the fact that it is applicable mainly in the manufacture of ductile cast iron which includes more than 1% by weight of nickel, and in the manufacture of ductile cast iron using pure magnesium or magnesium alloys which require additional nickel to be introduced into the charge.
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a copper-nickel-magnesium alloy which would ensure, on one hand, a quieter reaction during the treatment and, on the other, would enable unrestricted application in foundry plants under the existing conditions and with the raw materials and melting installations available.
Our investigations have shown that when the content of magnesium and cerium is increased in the copper- and nickel-based alloy of this invention, this extends the range of its application in industry, especially when the base iron used for the manufacture of ductile cast iron contains large amounts of sulphur, for example, in melting installations in which it is impossible to reduce the content of sulphur to a level below 0.01% by weight, required for the spheroidization treatment.
The present invention provides a coppernickel-magnesium alloy which comprises:
20 to 70% by weight of copper,
6 to 30% by weight of magnesium, and
1.2 to 2.0% by weight of cerium, the balance being nickel and unavoidable impurities.
This invention also provides a method of producing cast iron which comprises adding an alloy as described above to molten iron before casting.
Owing to the relatively high amount of copper in the alloy, it is possible to reduce the addition of the expensive nickel, while ensuring at the same time that the cast iron will have elevated properties which result from the stabilization of highly dispersed pearlite.
In the invention the upper limit of cerium results from the fact that, being a neutralizer of the detrimental constituents, cerium has to be present in the cast iron in an amount of 0.02 to 0.03% by weight. Hence, depending on the degree of the contamination of cast iron with detrimental elements, the amount of the coppernickel-magnesium alloy added to cast iron is usually from 1 to 2% by weight to provide an effective neutralization of these elements.
Therefore, in the solution according to the present invention, the value of 2% by weight was accepted as a required amount of cerium in the alloy.
The limiting values of the magnesium content in the alloy, calculated after the tests, depend on the required final content of magnesium in ductile iron, and amount to about 0.03% by weight, the amount of the alloy added to cast iron being also dependent on the level of sulphur in the base iron.
For example, in the case of cast iron with a very low content of sulphur amounting to 0.01% by weight of S, it is sufficient to introduce only 0.8% by weight of the alloy to obtain ductile iron of satisfactory properties, maintaining at the same time a very low level of fumes, smoke and glare effects. The upper limit for magnesium in the copper-nickel-magnesium alloy results from the fact that, in the manufacture of ductile iron from base iron with a high content of sulphur, e.g. up to 0.1% by weight, large amounts of the alloy would have to be introduced into the cast iron.
Therefore, in the case of high-magnesium alloys, for example containing about 20% by weight of
Mg, the addition of these alloys is lower (e.g.
about 1.5% by weight) but then there is an
excessive evolution of fumes'or smoke and glare
effects, and the turbulent reaction reduces the
ratio of the Mg yield in comparison with low
magnesium alloys.
The alloy according to the invention can be
placed on the bottom of a ladle by conventionally
known methods, and the spheroidization
treatment can be carried out quietly without
fumes, smoke and glare effects. The chemical
composition of the alloy ensures that the ductile
iron will be characterized by a pearlitic structure
and high mechanical properties.
The composition of alloys according to the
invention will now be illustrated by means of
several examples:
Example I Mg-i 0% by weight Cu20% by weight
Ce-1.5% by weight Ni-remainder Example II Mg-1 7% by weight Cu35% by weight
Ce-1,5% by weight Ni-remainder Example Ill Mg6% by weight
Cu-52% by weight Ce2% by weight Ni-remainder Example IV
Mg-25% by weight
Cu-30% by weight
Ce-1.0% by weight Ni-remainder Example V Mg-i 5% by weight
Cu-39% by weight
Ce-1% by weight Ni-remainder Due to its elevated content of magnesium and cerium, the copper-nickel-magnesium alloy according to the invention is applicable when the base iron used for the manufacture of ductile cast iron contains an unfavourable content of sulphur.
It also enables a considerable reduction in the amount of the alloy added during the treatment of ductile cast iron, the chemical content of which does not require an elevated content of nickel.
Claims (3)
1.2 to 2.0% by weight of cerium, the balance being nickel and unavoidable impurities.
2. An alloy as claimed in Claim 1 and substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any of the Examples.
3. A method of producing ductile cast iron which comprises adding an alloy as claimed to
Claim 1 or 2 to molten iron before casting.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08229817A GB2129439A (en) | 1982-10-19 | 1982-10-19 | A copper-nickel-magnesium alloy for cast iron production |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08229817A GB2129439A (en) | 1982-10-19 | 1982-10-19 | A copper-nickel-magnesium alloy for cast iron production |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2129439A true GB2129439A (en) | 1984-05-16 |
Family
ID=10533689
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08229817A Withdrawn GB2129439A (en) | 1982-10-19 | 1982-10-19 | A copper-nickel-magnesium alloy for cast iron production |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2129439A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0181580A1 (en) * | 1984-11-01 | 1986-05-21 | Inco Alloys International, Inc. | Sulfur-containing alloys |
| RU2445387C1 (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2012-03-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение "Центральный научно-исследовательский институт технологии машиностроения" ОАО НПО "ЦНИИТМАШ" | Modifying agent for obtaining cast iron with spherical graphite |
| RU2556176C1 (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2015-07-10 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт авиационных материалов" (ФГУП "ВИАМ") | Method of production of nickel-rare-earth metal foundry alloy |
| RU2635647C1 (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-11-14 | Акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение "Центральный научно-исследовательский институт технологии машиностроения", АО "НПО "ЦНИИТМАШ" | Modifier for producing spheroidal graphite cast iron |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB681552A (en) * | 1948-07-31 | 1952-10-29 | Dayton Malleable Iron Co | Improvements in or relating to cast iron and method of producing same |
| PL95949B1 (en) * | 1975-08-11 | 1977-11-30 | COPPER-NICKEL-MAGNESIUM ALLOY |
-
1982
- 1982-10-19 GB GB08229817A patent/GB2129439A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB681552A (en) * | 1948-07-31 | 1952-10-29 | Dayton Malleable Iron Co | Improvements in or relating to cast iron and method of producing same |
| PL95949B1 (en) * | 1975-08-11 | 1977-11-30 | COPPER-NICKEL-MAGNESIUM ALLOY |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0181580A1 (en) * | 1984-11-01 | 1986-05-21 | Inco Alloys International, Inc. | Sulfur-containing alloys |
| RU2445387C1 (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2012-03-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение "Центральный научно-исследовательский институт технологии машиностроения" ОАО НПО "ЦНИИТМАШ" | Modifying agent for obtaining cast iron with spherical graphite |
| RU2556176C1 (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2015-07-10 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт авиационных материалов" (ФГУП "ВИАМ") | Method of production of nickel-rare-earth metal foundry alloy |
| RU2635647C1 (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-11-14 | Акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение "Центральный научно-исследовательский институт технологии машиностроения", АО "НПО "ЦНИИТМАШ" | Modifier for producing spheroidal graphite cast iron |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |