GB2104098A - Compacted solid fuel - Google Patents
Compacted solid fuel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2104098A GB2104098A GB08224496A GB8224496A GB2104098A GB 2104098 A GB2104098 A GB 2104098A GB 08224496 A GB08224496 A GB 08224496A GB 8224496 A GB8224496 A GB 8224496A GB 2104098 A GB2104098 A GB 2104098A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- coal
- wood pulp
- solid fuel
- compacted
- bodies
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000013055 pulp slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000862 Arboform Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004150 EU approved colour Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940006093 opthalmologic coloring agent diagnostic Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/04—Raw material of mineral origin to be used; Pretreatment thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
A pelleted solid fuel composition comprising a mixture of fine coal particles with a wood pulp slurry, partly dried and compacted to form coherent briquettes, with or without additives such as waterproofing or colouring agents.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Compacted solid fuel
This invention relates to the manufacture of compacted solid fuel bodies including coal or coke particles.
It has been proposed to form solid fuel nuts or bricks by compacting coal dust with or without other materials, the resulting bodies usually being heated under pressure to form the coherent solid fuel lumps. Existing processes can produce useful fuel material but they suffer from a number of disadvantages and tend to be expensive.
It is an object of the invention to provide an improved solid fuel which will make better use of existing materials and by-products, and will be simple, cheap and economical to produce, will have satisfactory burning properties and will be suitable for use in domestic or industrial applications.
Broadly stated, the invention consists in a solid fuel composition in the form of small compacted bodies comprising a mixture of coal or coke particles with wood pulp.
The water content of the bodies is preferably reduced to below 22% and preferably below 16% by weight, and according to a preferred feature of the invention the proportion of coal or coke particles is between 1% and 99% by weight dry.
More specifically, the proportion of coal or coke is between 70% and 90% and preferably between 85% and 95% by weight dry, and for optimum results the particle size of the coal or coke is below 3 mm and preferably below 2 mm.
Conventional wood pulp as used for paper manufacture has fibres of appreciable length but in the present invention it is preferred to use wood pulp with short fibres, the majority not exceeding about 3 mm in length.
The invention also consists in a method of forming a solid fuel composition in which a liquid wood pulp slurry is mixed with coal or coke particles, excess water is removed and the mixture is compacted to form coherent small bodies, the compacting being carried out preferably by an extrusion process.
The invention may be performed in various ways and one specific embodiment, with some possible modifications, will now be described by way of example.
In this example the basic materials or ingredients are coal dust and wood pulp, the coal dust having a particle size which does not exceed 1 mm and the wood pulp being in the form of a slurry of short wood fibres in water, the fibre length not exceeding about 3 mm. The liquid content of the pulp slurry is increased by adding water until the slurry is sufficiently fluid to be easily miscible and the slurry is then mixed with coal dust in a mixing tank including a mechanically driven agitator. The preferred proportions are approximately 10% pulp with 90% coal dust by weight dry.
After being intimately mixed the material is
centrifuged to extract excess moisture, the water
content being reduced to 22% by weight or below
and the pasty mixture is then compacted by
extrusion. For this purpose the mixture is
delivered, for example, by screw conveyor, to the
centre of an annular die ring with small radial
extrusion passages each tapered slightly to
reduce its diameter progressively outwards.
During this extrusion the material loses further
moisture and is slightly heated and the product appears as a dryish, cohesive stank from each aperture which is broken off at the required length to form the coherent, solid compacted bodies or pellets. The size of the pellets may vary from 1/8" to 2" diameter and from +" to 3" in length.
The composition may optionally include certain additives such as a silicon waterproofing compound or any required colouring agent.
The coal may be of any type, soft or hard and of deep or shallow mine or opencast origin.
The wood pulp may be prepared in any desired way, for example from fine shavings or dust with added water but in any case preferably has the short fibre length referred to above. The water content of the final product may be controlled at any desired level and may be removed completely by drying, if required.
It will be appreciated that no high temperature coking or heating is necessary, the materials being bound together in the final product by the presence of the resin or cellulose in the wood pulp with the wood fibres and coal particles.
Claims
1. A solid fuel composition in the form of small compacted bodies comprising a mixture of coal or coke particles with wood pulp.
2. A fuel composition according to Claim 1 in which the water content of the bodies is reduced to below 22% and preferably below 16% by weight.
3. A fuel composition according to Claim 1 or
Claim 2 in which the proportion of coal or coke particles is between 1% and'99% by weight dry.
4. A fuel composition according to Claim 3 in which the proportion of coal or coke is between 70% and 90% and preferably between 85% and 95% by weight dry.
5. A fuel composition according to any of the preceding claims in which the particle size of the coal or coke is below 3 mm and preferably below 2 mm.
6. A fuel composition according to any of the preceding claims in which the wood pulp has short fibres, the majority not exceeding about 3 mm in length.
7. A solid fuel "briquetted" composition substantially as described herein.
8. A method of forming a solid fuel composition in which a liquid wood pulp slurry is mixed with coal or coke particles, excess water is
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (9)
1. A solid fuel composition in the form of small compacted bodies comprising a mixture of coal or coke particles with wood pulp.
2. A fuel composition according to Claim 1 in which the water content of the bodies is reduced to below 22% and preferably below 16% by weight.
3. A fuel composition according to Claim 1 or
Claim 2 in which the proportion of coal or coke particles is between 1% and'99% by weight dry.
4. A fuel composition according to Claim 3 in which the proportion of coal or coke is between 70% and 90% and preferably between 85% and 95% by weight dry.
5. A fuel composition according to any of the preceding claims in which the particle size of the coal or coke is below 3 mm and preferably below 2 mm.
6. A fuel composition according to any of the preceding claims in which the wood pulp has short fibres, the majority not exceeding about 3 mm in length.
7. A solid fuel "briquetted" composition substantially as described herein.
8. A method of forming a solid fuel composition in which a liquid wood pulp slurry is mixed with coal or coke particles, excess water is removed and the mixture is compacted to form coherent small bodies.
9. A method according to Claim 9, in which a mixture is compacted by extrusion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08224496A GB2104098A (en) | 1981-08-26 | 1982-08-26 | Compacted solid fuel |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8125967 | 1981-08-26 | ||
| GB08224496A GB2104098A (en) | 1981-08-26 | 1982-08-26 | Compacted solid fuel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2104098A true GB2104098A (en) | 1983-03-02 |
Family
ID=26280569
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08224496A Withdrawn GB2104098A (en) | 1981-08-26 | 1982-08-26 | Compacted solid fuel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2104098A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2145731A (en) * | 1983-09-01 | 1985-04-03 | Spencer Stoves Limited Philip | Improvements in or relating to fuel combustion |
| CN102604703A (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2012-07-25 | 王景龙 | Biomass energy fuel combination and preparation method thereof |
-
1982
- 1982-08-26 GB GB08224496A patent/GB2104098A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2145731A (en) * | 1983-09-01 | 1985-04-03 | Spencer Stoves Limited Philip | Improvements in or relating to fuel combustion |
| CN102604703A (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2012-07-25 | 王景龙 | Biomass energy fuel combination and preparation method thereof |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |