GB2087757A - Method of separating paper and plastics from refuse - Google Patents
Method of separating paper and plastics from refuse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2087757A GB2087757A GB8131870A GB8131870A GB2087757A GB 2087757 A GB2087757 A GB 2087757A GB 8131870 A GB8131870 A GB 8131870A GB 8131870 A GB8131870 A GB 8131870A GB 2087757 A GB2087757 A GB 2087757A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- fraction
- paper
- plastics film
- refuse
- coarse
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003918 fraction a Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
- B03B9/061—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse the refuse being industrial
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/02—Pretreatment of the raw materials by chemical or physical means
- D21B1/026—Separating fibrous materials from waste
- D21B1/028—Separating fibrous materials from waste by dry methods
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Abstract
A method for the separation of paper and plastics film material from refuse comprises the following steps: a) Coarse comminution of the refuse components while preserving their natural distinguishing features. b) Screening-out of a fine fraction which substantially contains small inorganic parts and organic vegetable matter as well as moistened paper of inferior quality. c) Screening-out of a coarse fraction, whose lower grain-size limit is only 30 to 80% above the upper grain-size limit of the fine fraction screened out under b) and which substantially consists of flat materials such as paper, cardboard, plastics film, textiles and elongated parts. d) Sucking-off of the light components from the coarse fraction separated in step c), the light components substantially consisting of individual papers and plastics film material. e) Return of the heavy components of the coarse fraction separated in step c) to the comminutor. f) Classification of the fine fraction obtained in step c) in a gas stream into at least two fractions of different density. r
Description
SPECIFICATION
Method of separating paper and plastics from refuse
The invention relates to a method for the separation of paper and plastics film material from refuse, during which process the refuse is comminuted, screened and classified.
Methods of this kind are known, for example from
DE PS 2449689. Following a coarse comminution, an air stream is applied to the coarsely comminuted refuse components so that the refuse components are divided into fractions of different weight and are separated, a light-weight fraction containing substantially loose paper in sheets, plastics film material and light-weight textiles, a medium-weight fraction containing cardboard boxes, relatively heavy plastics material parts, coarse textiles and paper bundles which are held together or baled and the like, and the heavy-weight fraction containing residues of scrap, stones, wood, books and bundled papers and the like.
However, the paper yield attainable with such methods is not satisfactory. Furthermore, the paper fraction contains numerous contaminants which partly adhere to the paper or around which the paper is wrapped.
Accordingly, the task underlying the invention is to improve methods of the kind mentioned at the beginning in such a way that it is possible to bring about higher yields and a greater purity of the fibrous material which is intended for paper processing.
According to the invention there is provided a method for the separation of paper and plastics film material from refuse, comprises the steps of:
a) Coarse comminution of the refuse components while preserving their natural distinguishing features,
b) Screening-out of a fine fraction which substantially contains small inorganic parts and organic vegetable matter,
c) Screening-out of a coarse fraction, whose lower grain-size limit is only 30 to 80% above the upper grain-size limit of the fine fraction screened out under b) and which substantially consists of paper, cardboard, plastics, film, textiles and elongated parts,
d) Sucking-offthe light components from the coarse fraction separated in step c), the light fraction substantially containing individual papers and plastics film material,
e) return of the heavy components of the coarse fraction separated in step c) to the comminutor
f) Classification of the fine faction obtained in step c) in a gas stream into at least two fractions of different density.
The refuse is initially subjected to a coarse comminution. As is known, such a measure ensures that the natural distinguishing features of the individual refuse components are largely preserved and that their separation is facilitated. This coarse comminution, which is preferably effected by a cutting operation, generally causes a wide grain-size range of the refuse components to be formed. Above all, flat materials, such as paper and plastics film, are limited to a very small extent, at least in one dimension. They are only very incompletely subjected to the action of the coarse-comminuting machines.
In the following screening-out, initially the finematerial proportion of the comminuted refuse which is unimportant for the recovery of paper and plastics film is separated. This fine-material proportion is suitable for processing into compost.
The classifying process, which is usually performed for the separation of paper and plastics film from the refuse, is determined by the density, the grain size and the shape of the particles. A simul taneousvariation of the dispersion sizes, density and grain sizes impairs the sharpness of separation.
Since the light-weight refuse components, paper and plastics film, are substantially flat and have a very minimal thickness, their shape promotes their separation as a light fraction. The aim should thus be to provide papers and plastics film also with a uniform grain size, prior to their classification, and to ensure that they are flat, that is to say not folded.
Both can be brought about by repeated comminuting operations. The papers and the plastics film material present in the refuse are mainly folded newspapers, office papers and shopping bags. If these parts are comminuted to approximately the size of the palm of the hand, then the largest proportion thereof is available as flat individual paper or plastics film.
The coarse fraction of the first screening is therefore subjected to a second screening, the screenhole size of the second screening being only 30 to 80% above that of the first screening. The particles passing through the second screen, the grain-size range of which is thus relatively narrow, is loaded on a classifier.
If the coarse fraction of the second screening were to be completely returned to the comminutor, then there would come about an intensive comminutor/ screen cycle for papers and plastics film material.
According to the invention, there is therefore sucked from this coarse fraction a light fraction, for example with the aid of a known 'per se' stone selector. The separating condition may be so set that only those components are sucked off which would pass into the light fraction if they were loaded on the classifier.
By this means, the quantity to be returned to the comminutor is considerably reduced. It is advantageous if the light fraction is sucked off during the second screening operation.
The sucking operation simultaneously loosens the light fraction, whereby a subsequent separation of the paper and the plastics film material is facilitated.
In order to intensify the loosening operation, it is advantageous if the sucked-off light fraction is segregated from the delivery air downstream of the suction fan. As the material passes through the fan itself, for which a conventional hay fan is suitable, most of the folds are removed by the high shear flows in the air and the mechanical action of the fan vanes.
The separation of the sucked-off fraction into paper and plastics film material is preferably effected directly during the segregation of the light fraction from the delivery air. However, it is also conceivable to load the light fraction together with the delivery air on the classifier or else to segregate the light fraction and to load it once more on the classifierforthe division thereof into paper and plastics film material.
If the paper separated from the refuse is to be utilised for paper making, it is advantageous if the ferromagnetic scrap components are magnetically separated following the comminution process.
If the refuse is composed of a high proportion of inert substances and organic waste matter, it is advantageous if these constituents are separated with the aid of a rotary screen prior to the comminution process.
To explain the invention, a preferred embodiment of the method for the separation of paper and plastics film material from refuse will be described hereinafter with reference to a flow diagram shown in the drawing.
The fresh refuse is continuously loaded onto a cutting roll comminutor 1. Thereafter, it passes on a screen 2 which separates the fine proportion thereof,
mainly inert substances, inorganic parts and organic waste matter such as vegetable matter and moistened paper of inferior quality.
The coarse fraction is fed to a second screen 3. The fine proportion of the second screening is loaded on a zig-zag classifier 5 which divides it by means of an air stream into a lightfraction and a heavy fraction.
The light fraction may consist, for example, of paper and plastics film material, whereas the heavy fraction is composed of wood, plastic parts, leather, cloth and flat material such as paper, cardboard,
plastics film, textiles and elongated parts. The proportion that is capable of flying, again mainly
paper and plastics film, is separated from the coarse fraction of the second screening with the aid of a suction device 4, and the remainder is returned to the comminutor 1.
Claims (9)
1. A method for the separation of paper and
plastics film material from refuse comprises the steps of:
a) Coarse comminution of the refuse compo
nents while preserving their natural distinguishing features,
b) Screening-out of a fine fraction which substantially contains small inorganic parts and organic vegetable matter,
c) Screening-out of a coarse fraction, whose
lower grain-size limit is only 30 to 80% above the
upper grain-size limit of the fine fraction screened
out under b) and which substantially consists of
paper, cardboard, plastics film, textiles and elongated parts,
d) Sucking-off the light components from the coarse fraction separated in step c), the light fraction substantially containing individual papers and plastics film material,
e) Return of the heavy components of the coarse fraction separated in step c) to the comminutor,
f) Classification of the fine fraction obtained in step c) in a gas stream into at least two fractions of different density.
2. A method as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the comminution is substantially effected by means of a cutting operation.
3. A method as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the light fraction sucked off in the procedural step d) is separated from the delivery air downstream of the suction fan.
4. A method as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that during the segregation of the light fraction of step d) from the delivery air there is effected a division into a paper fraction and a plastics film fraction.
5. A method as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the steps c) and d) occur simultaneously.
6. A method as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the light fraction of step d) is combined with the fine fraction of step c) and this combination is loaded on the classifier.
7. A method as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the ferromagnetic scrap components are magnetically separated upstream of or upstream and downstream of the comminutor.
8. A method as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that prior to being comminuted, the refuse is loaded on a rotary screen, which substantially separates the inert and organic constituents.
9. A method for the separation of paper and plastics film material from refuse substantially as described herein with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3042899A DE3042899C2 (en) | 1980-11-13 | 1980-11-13 | Process for separating paper and foils from waste |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2087757A true GB2087757A (en) | 1982-06-03 |
Family
ID=6116717
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8131870A Pending GB2087757A (en) | 1980-11-13 | 1981-10-22 | Method of separating paper and plastics from refuse |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE891091A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3042899C2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES8300023A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2087757A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT8149694A0 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8104963A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2539055A1 (en) * | 1983-01-10 | 1984-07-13 | Carbonell Serra Enrique | PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF URBAN RESIDUES AND INSTALLATION FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION |
| EP0123355A2 (en) * | 1983-04-21 | 1984-10-31 | Esmil B.V. | Method of separating domestic waste |
| WO1993005883A1 (en) * | 1991-09-18 | 1993-04-01 | Phoenix Fibreglass Inc. | Process for separating fibres from composite materials |
| EP0588543A1 (en) * | 1992-09-18 | 1994-03-23 | Philip Morris Products Inc. | Method of recovering tobacco from stemmery discard |
| US5333797A (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 1994-08-02 | Becker John C | Commingled recyclables recovery and recycling process and related apparatuses |
| ES2471716A1 (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-26 | Fundaci�N Para Las Tecnolog�As Auxiliares De La Agricultura | Installation to separate plastic waste from organic waste and procedure for its operation (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| CN114555233A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2022-05-27 | 金融产业公司 | Method and device for continuous pneumatic separation of particulate material consisting of a mixture of particles of non-uniform size and density |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3728899A1 (en) * | 1987-08-29 | 1989-03-16 | Saarberg Fernwaerme Gmbh | METHOD FOR OBTAINING RECYCLABLE PRODUCTS FROM A BUNDLE OF SOLID WASTE MATERIALS AND SYSTEM FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD |
| DE3903325A1 (en) * | 1989-02-04 | 1990-08-09 | Bezner Maschf | METHOD FOR RECOVERING RECYCLED MATERIALS, IN PARTICULAR FROM CONSTRUCTION SITE WASTE AND SYSTEM FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD |
| DE4031417A1 (en) * | 1990-10-04 | 1992-04-09 | Peter Prof Dr Kraus | METHOD FOR SEPARATING METAL-CONTAINING WASTE COMPONENTS |
| DE4217479C2 (en) * | 1992-05-22 | 1994-05-26 | Noell Abfall & Energietech | Device for processing construction site waste |
| DE4306781A1 (en) * | 1993-03-04 | 1994-09-08 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Process and installation for the treatment of mixed refuse with a high plastics content |
-
1980
- 1980-11-13 DE DE3042899A patent/DE3042899C2/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-10-22 GB GB8131870A patent/GB2087757A/en active Pending
- 1981-11-03 NL NL8104963A patent/NL8104963A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1981-11-12 BE BE0/206521A patent/BE891091A/en unknown
- 1981-11-12 IT IT8149694A patent/IT8149694A0/en unknown
- 1981-11-12 ES ES507063A patent/ES8300023A1/en not_active Expired
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2539055A1 (en) * | 1983-01-10 | 1984-07-13 | Carbonell Serra Enrique | PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF URBAN RESIDUES AND INSTALLATION FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION |
| EP0123355A2 (en) * | 1983-04-21 | 1984-10-31 | Esmil B.V. | Method of separating domestic waste |
| EP0123355A3 (en) * | 1983-04-21 | 1986-01-29 | Esmil B.V. | Method of separating domestic waste |
| WO1993005883A1 (en) * | 1991-09-18 | 1993-04-01 | Phoenix Fibreglass Inc. | Process for separating fibres from composite materials |
| US5251827A (en) * | 1991-09-18 | 1993-10-12 | Phoenix Fibreglass Inc. | Process for separating fibres from composite materials |
| US5333797A (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 1994-08-02 | Becker John C | Commingled recyclables recovery and recycling process and related apparatuses |
| EP0588543A1 (en) * | 1992-09-18 | 1994-03-23 | Philip Morris Products Inc. | Method of recovering tobacco from stemmery discard |
| ES2471716A1 (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-26 | Fundaci�N Para Las Tecnolog�As Auxiliares De La Agricultura | Installation to separate plastic waste from organic waste and procedure for its operation (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| CN114555233A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2022-05-27 | 金融产业公司 | Method and device for continuous pneumatic separation of particulate material consisting of a mixture of particles of non-uniform size and density |
| CN114555233B (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2024-02-13 | 金融产业公司 | Method and device for the continuous pneumatic separation of particulate material from a mixture of particles of non-uniform size and density |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES507063A0 (en) | 1982-10-01 |
| IT8149694A0 (en) | 1981-11-12 |
| BE891091A (en) | 1982-03-01 |
| ES8300023A1 (en) | 1982-10-01 |
| DE3042899C2 (en) | 1983-02-10 |
| DE3042899A1 (en) | 1982-06-03 |
| NL8104963A (en) | 1982-06-01 |
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