GB2080117A - Cryogenic apparatus for surgery - Google Patents

Cryogenic apparatus for surgery Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2080117A
GB2080117A GB8119617A GB8119617A GB2080117A GB 2080117 A GB2080117 A GB 2080117A GB 8119617 A GB8119617 A GB 8119617A GB 8119617 A GB8119617 A GB 8119617A GB 2080117 A GB2080117 A GB 2080117A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
contact plate
exchanger
filling
surgery
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB8119617A
Other versions
GB2080117B (en
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
VYZKUMNY USTAV SILNOPROUDE ELEKTROTECHNIKY
Original Assignee
VYZKUMNY USTAV SILNOPROUDE ELEKTROTECHNIKY
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by VYZKUMNY USTAV SILNOPROUDE ELEKTROTECHNIKY filed Critical VYZKUMNY USTAV SILNOPROUDE ELEKTROTECHNIKY
Publication of GB2080117A publication Critical patent/GB2080117A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2080117B publication Critical patent/GB2080117B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/02—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by cooling, e.g. cryogenic techniques
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/003—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by using permeable mass, perforated or porous materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00017—Electrical control of surgical instruments
    • A61B2017/00022—Sensing or detecting at the treatment site
    • A61B2017/00084—Temperature
    • A61B2017/00092—Temperature using thermocouples
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/02—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by cooling, e.g. cryogenic techniques
    • A61B2018/0231—Characteristics of handpieces or probes
    • A61B2018/0262—Characteristics of handpieces or probes using a circulating cryogenic fluid
    • A61B2018/0268—Characteristics of handpieces or probes using a circulating cryogenic fluid with restriction of flow
    • A61B2018/0275—Characteristics of handpieces or probes using a circulating cryogenic fluid with restriction of flow using porous elements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

In a cryosurgical apparatus, the heat exchanger is provided with a filling formed by metallic grid or perforated foil wound up in the shape of strip around the middle part of exchanger frame and connected unremovably with its border to the contact plate in which axis a connection screw is placed, an electric temperature sensor and heat element being arranged at the exchanger frame or at the contact plate, for example resistance thermometer and heating winding and a separating partition being arranged among supply tube, tube for cooling medium drain off and vacuum mantle of the apparatus. The exchanger filling can be formed also by a system of metallic grids or perforated foils forming co-axial or concentric areas which are in thermal contact with the contact plate. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Cryogenic apparatus for surgery The invention is related to a cryogenic apparatus for surgery with high cooling effekt in the front area.
Of the latest cryo-biologic researches it followed the most effective cryogenic destruction takes place when as low temperature of operation end piece is used as possible, a requirement being this temperature is established in as short time interval from the instant of bringing the apparatus into operation as possible.
Due to this reason modern cryogenic apparatus for surgery operate most frequently with liquid nitrogen and they make every effort to reach maximum cooling effect in the operation end piece.
There are known apparatus at which required effect is reached using simple exchangers formed by plain or ribbed internal hollow of the end piece. Drawback of these simple exchangers is relatively high consumption of nitrogen, by an order of liters of liquid nitrogen for each operation, at low cooling efficiency.
In further known cryogenic apparatus foe surgery the required effect is reached by enlargement heat-exchanging surface inside the heat exchanger using porous medium made of a material with high thermal conductivity. So it is arranged for example at cryogenic applicator for surgery according to Czechoslovak Certificate of Authorship 199 443, where the exchanger is filled with a column of planary grids for example of copper or silver, oriented perpendicularly to the applicator axis.
This second variant is effective especially at the time when cylindrical area of the end piece part of the cryogenic apparatus for surgery is used for cryogenic destruction but its efficiency becomes remarkably worse when only front area of the instrument is to be cooled as it is for example at gynaecologic or dermalologic application.
Development of cryogenic surgery makes ever heavier demands on variability of operation tips, many of which are not symmetrical in axis and require application to the operated tissue under in advance chosen optimum angle. Thermal contact between exchanging tips and the end piece of the own instrument is usually mediated by solid, for example bolted connection which thus unambiguously defines each tip from the point of its angular rotation.
The above-mentioned drawbacks of known cryogenic apparatus for surgery are eliminated at simultaneous reaching high cooling effect in the front area of the instrument by that anisotropy of material from which the exchanger filling is made up is employed at the cryogenic apparatus for surgery according to the invention.
Anisotropy means a dependence of physical properties on the direction in space. In the case the anisotropy of thermal conductivity is employed. By a suitable construction of exchanger filling it is made possible to take away heat preferably in the direction perpendicular to the front area of the instrument.
The invention presented further solves the possibility of angular rotation of operation tip at keeping good thermal contact of this tip with cooled front area of the instrument end piece.
The nature of the cryogenic apparatus for surgery with a tube for supply and drain off of cooling medium, with heat exchanger with porous metallic filling, for example of silver or copper, with thermometer, with heating elements and with a system of channels consists in that, the exchanger filling is formed by a metallic grid or perforated foil wound up in the shape of strip around the middle part of exchanger frame and connected unremovably with its border to the contact plate in which axis a connection screw is placed, an electric temperature sensor and a heater being arranged at the exchanger frame or at the contact plate, for example, resistance thermometer and heating winding, and a separating partition being arranged among supply tube, tube for cooling medium discharge and vacuum mantle of the apparatus.
In an alternative embodiment of the cryogenic apparatus for surgery according to the invention the exchanger filling is formed by a system of metallic grids or perforated foils forming co-axial or concentric areas which are in thermal contact with the contact plate.
According to the invention higher cooling effect as related to known cryogenic apparatus for surgery is reached by the arrangement of exchanger filling in the way the filling is in direct thermal contact with the contact plate and not by mediation of exchanger frame, and, the exchanger filling has substantially higher conductivity in the direction to contact plate and low conductivity in the direction of flow of cooling medium. The apparatus of presented conception, exchanger filling of which is made of porous material with expressive anisotropic properties with higher value of thermal conductivity in axial direction, has substantially higher thermal efficiency than apparatus with exchanger filling from thermally isotropic material at keeping equal value of the ratio of exchange filling surface to the filling volume.
An example of embodiment of cyrogenic apparatus for surgery according to the invention is schematically illustrated on the attached drawings, where on Fig. 1 longitudinal section of the cryogenic apparatus for surgery according to the first variant of embodiment is illustrated, on Figure 1 longitudinal section of the cryogenic apparatus for surgery according to the first variant of embodiment is illustrated, on Figure 2 longitudinal section of the cryogenic apparatus for surgery according to the second variant of embodiment is illustrated, on Figure 3 longitudinal section of the cryogenic apparatus for surgery according to the third variant of embodiment is illustrated and on Figure 4 cross section of the cryogenic apparatus for surgery according to the third variant of embodiment is illustrated.
Basic part of the operation apparatus, in embodiment according to the first variant illustrated on Fig. 1, is heat exchanger formed by frame 1 of the exchanger, contact plate 2 and by exchanger filling 3 which is composed of porous material, thermal conductivity of which is substantially higher in axial direction than in radial direction. The exchanger filling 3 is for example made of silver or copper grid in the shape of strip which is wound up around the middle part of exchanger frame 1 and unremovably connected with its border to the contact plate 2, for example by soldering.
The exchanger filling 3 can be also formed by a system of co-axial cylinders which are made either of grids or a tissue from wires with high thermal conductivity, for example from silver or copper or of perforated foil, if need be, of perforated thin plates. In the axis of contact plate 2 a connection screw 4 is placed onto which the tip 10 of desired shape is screwed on, the base planar surface of which fits on the contact plate 2. Temperature sensor 5 is fixed at the exchanger frame 1, which sensor is formed for example by winding from a wire.
Temperature sensor 5 is optionally in thermal contact with contact plate 2 what is especially advantageous when a thermocouple is used as temperature sensor 5. In the frame 1 of exchanger a channel 7 and main small channels 8, if need be, auxiliary small channels 9 are formed. The channel 7 is formed for example by a circular slot, main small channels 8 for example by a system of apertures or cuts, auxiliary small channels 9 are formed for example by a system of apertures. The supply tube 11 and the tube 12 for drain off, into which tube leads to temperature sensor 5 and for to heating element 6, for example heating winding, are installed as a rule, are placed in vacuum mantle 13. The exchanger space is separated from vacuum space by a separating partition 15.
In an alternative embodiment of the cryogenic apparatus for surgery illustrated on Fig.
2, the contact plate 2 forms one unit with the frame of heating element 6, for example heat xng winding.
Temperature sensor 5 is placed either inside the contact plate 2 or wound up beside heat ing element 6 at contact plate 2. Exchanger filling 3 is in this case formed by a system of concentric hemispheres or similar curved areas, originated for example by pressing from metallic grids or perforated foils into desired shape, which areas are in thermal contact with contact plate 2. Supply and discharge of liquid cooling medium are provided with supply tube 11 and tube 12 for drain off of cooling medium. The space containing filling 3 of the exchanger is separated by separating partition 15 from vacuum isolation space limited by isolation mantle 13.
Further modification of the operating instrument is evident from Fig. 3. It is determined even for operating instruments of small diameters and solves a problem of holding axially non-symmetrical operation tips at arbitrary an- gle of rotation around the instrument axis.
Frame 1 of the exchanger is formed by a small tube with supply holes 16 and a strip ol metallic grid is wound on the frame 1, if need be, perforated foil is wound, which strip forms exchanger filling 3. At the boundaries of this strip a temperature sensor 5 or heating element 6 is fixed, for example by passing through boundary eyes of the grid or by inserting into folds 18 of the grid at its end.
The exchanger filling 3 is in thermal contact with contact plate 2 and from the side of the other front it is closed by covering plate 19.
The space containing exchanger filling 3 is separated by separating partition 15from vacuum space enclosed by vacuum mantle 13.
Fixation of exchangeable tip 10, which is provided with external thread, in an arbitrary azimuthal position is secured by a cup nut 21.
The stop of the cup nut 21 in axial direction is secured by a rest 20 which is tightly connected with extension of vacuum mantle 13 and, if need be, with contact plate 2. The supply channel in the frame 1 arranged in the exchanger filling 3 is provided with supply holes 16 for passage of liquid cooling medium into exchanger filling 3. Fixation of the exchanger filling 3 is made by insertion pieces 17, as seen in Fig. 4.
Function of the cryogenic instrument for surgery with high cooling efficiency in front side of the end piece is following: Liquid cooling medium, for example liquid nitrogen, is led to the channel 7 by supply tube 11 and after passage through the exchanger filling 3 vapours of cooling medium go away through the main small channels 8, if need be, through auxiliary small channels 9 into the tube 12 for cooling medium drain off, into which tube leads to temperature sensor 5 and heating element 6 are installed as a rule.
Cooling of the instrument is ensured either by the above-described method or in the opposite direction, that is liquid cooling medium is supplied by the tube 12 for cooling medium discharge, enters into exchanger filling 3 through the main channels 8 and is drained off through channel 7 into supply tube 11. In the second case it is advantageous to lead out the leads to temperature sensor 5 and heating element 6 through a hole bored in the extension of one of main small channels 8 into channel 7 which is cemented after passing through the leads, the leads are then led out from the instrument by supply tube 11.
Supply and drain off of liquid cooling medium at the second variant is ensured by supply tube 11 and tube 12 for cooling medium discharge. Relating to possibilities of replacement their functions, including replacement the location of leads, the same is valid what was mentioned at the description of function of the first embodiment.
At the third variant liquid cooling medium is led by supply tube 11, it passes through supply holes 16 into exchanger filling 3 where it evaporates and between insertion pieces 17 vapours of the cooling medium then pass into tube 12 for cooling medium discharge.

Claims (7)

1. A cryogenic apparatus for surgery with tube for supply and drain off of cooling medium, with electrical leads arranged inside this tube, with heat exchanger with porous metallic filling, for example of silver or copper, with temperature sensor, heating elements and with a system of channels, characterized by that, the exchanger filling /3/ is formed by a metallic grid or perforated foil wound up in the shape of strip around the middle part of exchanger frame /1/ anf connected unremovably with its border to the contact plate /2/ in which axis a connection screw /4/ is placed, a temperature sensor /5/ and heating element /6/ being arranged at the exchanger frame /1/ or at the contact plate /2/, for example resistance thermometer and heating winding, and a separating partition /15/ is arranged among supply tube /11/, tube /12/ for cooling medium discharge and vacuum mantle /13/ of the apparatus.
2. A cryogenic apparatus for surgery according to Claim 1, characterized by that, the exchanger filling /3/ is formed by a system of metallic grids or perforated foils forming coaxial or concentric areas which are in thermal contact with the contact plate /2/.
3. A cryogenic apparatus for surgery according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized by that, heating elememnt /6/ and temperature sensor /5/ are arranged at the boundaries of metallic grids or perforated foils, forming exchanger filling /3/, or between their layers.
4. A cryogenic apparatus for surgery according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized by that, separating partition /15/ and vacuum mantle /13/ reach up to the contact plate /2/.
5. A cryogenic apparatus for surgery according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized by that, connection screw /4/ is connected with contact plate /2/ by means of removable throughoint.
6. A cryogenic apparatus for surgery according to Claims 1, characterized by that, contact plate /2/ of the apparatus and exchangeable tip /10/ are mutually mechanically and thermally connected by means of cap nut /21/ which is together with rest /20/ placed on the contact plate /2/ or on exchangeable tip /10/, the opposite exchangeable tip /10/ or contact plate /2/ being provided with a thread.
7. A cryogenic apparatus for surgery substantially as described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB8119617A 1980-07-15 1981-06-25 Cryogenic apparatus for surgery Expired GB2080117B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CS500180A CS217448B1 (en) 1980-07-15 1980-07-15 Cryosurgical tool

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB2080117A true GB2080117A (en) 1982-02-03
GB2080117B GB2080117B (en) 1984-05-23

Family

ID=5394018

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8119617A Expired GB2080117B (en) 1980-07-15 1981-06-25 Cryogenic apparatus for surgery

Country Status (7)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5781336A (en)
AU (1) AU7279881A (en)
CS (1) CS217448B1 (en)
DD (1) DD230151A3 (en)
DE (1) DE3124165A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2486798A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2080117B (en)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2727618A1 (en) * 1994-12-06 1996-06-07 Cryotech International DEVICE COMPRISING A TOOL SUCH AS A FAILURE TO BE CARRIED OUT AND KEEPED AT A VERY LOW TEMPERATURE
US5758505A (en) * 1995-10-12 1998-06-02 Cryogen, Inc. Precooling system for joule-thomson probe
US5787715A (en) * 1995-10-12 1998-08-04 Cryogen, Inc. Mixed gas refrigeration method
US5901783A (en) * 1995-10-12 1999-05-11 Croyogen, Inc. Cryogenic heat exchanger
GB2336781A (en) * 1998-04-30 1999-11-03 Spembly Medical Ltd Cryosurgical apparatus
US6151901A (en) * 1995-10-12 2000-11-28 Cryogen, Inc. Miniature mixed gas refrigeration system
US6182666B1 (en) 1996-12-26 2001-02-06 Cryogen, Inc. Cryosurgical probe and method for uterine ablation
US6270494B1 (en) 1996-12-26 2001-08-07 Cryogen, Inc. Stretchable cryoprobe sheath
AT409716B (en) * 1999-03-29 2002-10-25 Nikolai Dr Korpan Device for carrying out cryosurgical interventions, especially for treating tumors, has evaporated cryogenic medium carried away via return flow lines
US6530234B1 (en) 1995-10-12 2003-03-11 Cryogen, Inc. Precooling system for Joule-Thomson probe
CN102949235A (en) * 2011-08-30 2013-03-06 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Probe for tumor cold and hot combined treatment

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2746264A (en) * 1953-07-17 1956-05-22 Alfred Bicknell Associates Inc Miniature cooling unit
GB797225A (en) * 1955-10-26 1958-06-25 James Dwyer Mcgee Improvements in or relating to a refrigeration applicator
US3264836A (en) * 1964-03-04 1966-08-09 Chemetron Corp Refrigeration system and method
BE669418A (en) * 1964-09-11
FR1553665A (en) * 1965-12-17 1969-01-17
FR1591369A (en) * 1967-11-10 1970-04-27
GB1244276A (en) * 1969-05-12 1971-08-25 Antony Julian Croft Cryosurgical instrument
DE2138100A1 (en) * 1971-07-30 1973-02-08 Leybold Heraeus Gmbh & Co Kg CRYOSURGICAL INSTRUMENT
US3736936A (en) * 1971-12-13 1973-06-05 Hughes Aircraft Co Cryogenic heat transfer device
US3894403A (en) * 1973-06-08 1975-07-15 Air Prod & Chem Vibration-free refrigeration transfer
DE2736113C2 (en) * 1977-08-10 1987-02-12 Erbe Elektromedizin GmbH, 7400 Tübingen Probe for performing prostate treatments

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2727618A1 (en) * 1994-12-06 1996-06-07 Cryotech International DEVICE COMPRISING A TOOL SUCH AS A FAILURE TO BE CARRIED OUT AND KEEPED AT A VERY LOW TEMPERATURE
WO1996017554A1 (en) * 1994-12-06 1996-06-13 Société Civile 'cryotech International' Device including a tool such as a tip designed to be cooled to and kept at a very low temperature
US5758505A (en) * 1995-10-12 1998-06-02 Cryogen, Inc. Precooling system for joule-thomson probe
US5787715A (en) * 1995-10-12 1998-08-04 Cryogen, Inc. Mixed gas refrigeration method
US5901783A (en) * 1995-10-12 1999-05-11 Croyogen, Inc. Cryogenic heat exchanger
US5956958A (en) * 1995-10-12 1999-09-28 Cryogen, Inc. Gas mixture for cryogenic applications
US6530234B1 (en) 1995-10-12 2003-03-11 Cryogen, Inc. Precooling system for Joule-Thomson probe
US6151901A (en) * 1995-10-12 2000-11-28 Cryogen, Inc. Miniature mixed gas refrigeration system
US6182666B1 (en) 1996-12-26 2001-02-06 Cryogen, Inc. Cryosurgical probe and method for uterine ablation
US6193644B1 (en) 1996-12-26 2001-02-27 Cryogen, Inc. Cryosurgical probe with sheath
US6270494B1 (en) 1996-12-26 2001-08-07 Cryogen, Inc. Stretchable cryoprobe sheath
US6451012B2 (en) 1996-12-26 2002-09-17 Cryogen, Inc. Cryosurgical method for endometrial ablation
US6475212B2 (en) 1996-12-26 2002-11-05 Cryogen, Inc. Cryosurgical probe with sheath
GB2336781B (en) * 1998-04-30 2001-03-07 Spembly Medical Ltd Cryosurgical apparatus
GB2336781A (en) * 1998-04-30 1999-11-03 Spembly Medical Ltd Cryosurgical apparatus
AT409716B (en) * 1999-03-29 2002-10-25 Nikolai Dr Korpan Device for carrying out cryosurgical interventions, especially for treating tumors, has evaporated cryogenic medium carried away via return flow lines
CN102949235A (en) * 2011-08-30 2013-03-06 中国科学院理化技术研究所 Probe for tumor cold and hot combined treatment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2486798A1 (en) 1982-01-22
GB2080117B (en) 1984-05-23
AU7279881A (en) 1982-01-21
DD230151A3 (en) 1985-11-27
JPS5781336A (en) 1982-05-21
DE3124165A1 (en) 1982-03-11
CS217448B1 (en) 1983-01-28

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