GB2079783A

GB2079783A - A complex with an additive for fuels

Info

Publication number: GB2079783A
Application number: GB8026970A
Authority: GB
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1980-02-22
Filing date: 1980-08-19
Publication date: 1982-01-27
Also published as: ES8205853A1; IT1206306B; NZ195826A; ZA807518B; IL61632A0; NO803948L; IE50589B1; GR70227B; DD155904A5; FI74300C; IE802701L; SE8008403L; ATA604080A; FI803783L; NO151160C; AT373619B; LU82969A1; PT71800B; JPS56118492A; NL8007027A

Abstract

A complex with an additive for fuels of the kind for use in internal combustion engines is disclosed. A known additive is suitable dosed on a carrier which is solid under room or ambient conditions. The complex is soluble in liquid hydrocarbons, and the carrier comprises a hydrocarbon.

Description

SPECIFICATION A complex with an additive for fuels This invention relates to a complex with an additive for fuels of the kind for use in internal combustion engines.

Many additives for fuels have been known, as intended either for Otto cycle engines or Diesel cycle engines.

These additives perform various functions such as, for example, but not limitedly, the functions of; - increasing the octane number for gaso lines or cetane number for diesel fuels; - inhibiting corrosion and imparting a de tergent effect; - inhibiting oxidation and development of rubbers and lacquers; and - reducing the smoke (in Diesel cycle engines).

For their intended use, such additives must be soluble in the hydrocarbons used for internal combustion engines and, under room or ambient conditions, are normally in a liquid state. Since they have to be dosed in rather small doses in the fuel, such additives are normally available on the market in solvents and/or mineral or synthetic oils. Thus, the proportion or metering thereof is facilitated.

In spite of that, a direct user may often be in trouble: for example, a typical user, such as a motorist or car driver, has to introduce into the tank of his motor vehicle an amount of liquid additive of which the volume is dependent on the existing amount of fuel. Mistakes can readily occur, either in default or excess, by introducing into a fuel tank a small tin or can of additives, such as those commerciallly available, or operating by small measures.

Refineries and stores or depots use such additives in a more concentrated form, it being easier in such a case to provide for correct metering. However, cost reasons often lead to unadditivated fuel or fuels being dealt out or distributed at a minimum level of additivation.

Thus, the requirement evidently arises for marketing additives for fuels which are directly usable by a consumer or user with ease and readiness and without any waste and need of troublesome measurements.

According to the present invention, such a requirement is solved by providing dosed additives, in a solid form, preferably in the form of tablets, each of the tablets corresponding to the required dose or proportion for a given number of fuel litres, for example 10 litres.

Therefore, the consumer or user (for example, a motorist or car driver) will only have to introduce into the tank as many tablets as tens of fuel litres pumped into the tank when refuelling.

In order to attain such an object, the present invention proposes a complex with an additive for fuels characterized in that the additive is dosed on a carrier which is solid under room or ambient conditions, the carrier being soluble in liquid hydrocarbons, and the carrier comprising a hydrocarbon.

The hydrocarbon may comprise an acyclic, alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbon, respectively of a formula having at least 1 7 carbon atoms for acyclic hydrocarbons, 1 2 carbon atoms for alicyclic hydrocarbons and 10 carbon atoms for aromatic hydrocarbons.

According to the invntion, naphthalene is advantageously used as a carrier.

A solid complex according to the present invention may be obtained by various processes, of which the preferred processes are as follows: - hot process: the carrier was melted and the additives dissolved therein: tablets con taining the additives in the desired doses were obtained by cooling from the fluid mixture.

- cold processes: the carrier was ground to the desired granulometry; the additives were absorbed by the ground carrier whilst stirring continuously, and tablets with the desired dosage or proportion were formed by pressure from the mass thus obtained.

The following examples will better explain the object of the invention.

EXAMPLE I Preparation of a multifunctional additive for gasolines-Hot process.

A 2,000 litre stainless steel vessel was charged with 838 kg technically pure naphthalene. After heating, the melted mass was raised to a temperature of 82"C, maintaining it at this temperature whilst stirring. To the mass was then added 1 59.5 kg of a polyvalent additive commercially known by the trade mark "Lubrizol 8101", a product of the The Lubrizol Corporation (U.S.A), with continuous mixing as the mixing was carried out. The total mass was cooled to a temperature of 20"C. Then, by known means, 142,500 tablets were prepared, each tablet containing 5 88 g carrier and 1 12 g aditive, for use in a proportion of 1 tablet for each 10 litres of gasoline.

EXAMPLE 2 Preparation of a multi functional additive for gasolinesWold process.

812 kg technically pure naphthalene were ground in a ball mill and then screened through a sieve of 800 meshes/sq.cm. 986 kg ground product was obtained. The product was introduced into a stainless steel vessel and, whilst stirring, 1 34 kg additive was added to the product. The additive is commercially known by the trade mark A 577 of the Amoco International S.A. (Switzerland). After 20 minutes, the additive was completely absorbed. By known tablet forming machines 160,000 tablets were produced, each tablet containing 6-16 g carrier and 0 84 g additive, for use in a proportion of 1 tablet for each 1 5 litres of gasoline.

EXAMPLE 3 Preparation of a multi functional additive for motor vehicle Diesel fuelHold process.

812 kg technically pure naphthalene were ground in a ball mill and then screened through a sieve of 800 meshes/sq.cm. 800 kg ground product was obtained. The product was introduced into a stainless steel vessel and, whilst stirring, 200 kg mixture of additives was added to the product. The additives are commercially known by the trade marks MPA-D and D112 of the Ethyl Corporation (U.S.A.) in the following proportion: 55-35% MPA-D and 45-65% Do 12. After 25 minutes the additive was completely absorbed. By known tablet forming machines 80,000 tablets were produced, each tablet containing 10 g carrier and 2-5 9 additives in the selected proportion, for use in a proportion of 1 tablet for each 5 litres of Diesel fuel.

Thus, solid tablets are obained, which can be directly used by a consumer or user.

The product has the following characteristics: it is readily usable by a direct consumer or user since each piece is a dose for a determined number of litres of fuel, without requiring any measurements; - easy stocking and absence of danger in product storing; - the particular composition, higher spe cific weight than that of the commercial fuels, allows the "dose" to fall down on the tank bottom with a gradual time dissolu tion, and allows a larger concentration of active materials at the tank bottom, where the fuel drawing occurs, capable of effect ing a strong chemical action in connection with the characteristics thereof.

In connection with the product being used, the following effects are obtained: 1st on an Otto cycle engine: - fuel cleaning (detergent action); - improved cleaning throughout the en gine, and particularly in the P.V.C. valve (dispersing action); - reduction in ice development in the fuel (anti-icing action); - anti-rust and corrosion protection of the tank and gasoline supply line; and - reduction in generation of contaminat ing products, such as carbon oxides and uncombusted hydrocarbons.

2nd on a Diesel cycle engine: - increase in cetane number; - reduction in smokiness; - detergency of the injectors; - anti-corrosion and rust action in the tank and throughout the Diesel fuel supply circuit; - extension of the interval of time in the control of the injection system; - increase in engine efficiency; and - easiness in starting even under cold condition.

The products in the form of tablets can be distributed in heat-sealed preparations in order to ensure their time stability and easy handling, and can be contained in boxes or in any suitable type of container.

Claims

1. A complex with an additive for fuels of the kind for use in internal combustion engines, wherein the additive is dosed on a carrier which is solid under room or ambient conditions, the complex being soluble in liq- uid hydrocarbons, and the carrier comprising a hydrocarbon.

2. A complex according to Claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of acyclic hydrocarbons of a formula having at least 1 7 carbon atoms.

3. A complex according to Claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of alicyclic hydrocarbons of a formula having at least 1 2 carbon atoms.

4. A complex according to Claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbons of a formula having at least 10 carbon atoms.

5. A complex according to Claim 4, wherein the carrier comprises naphthatlene.

6. A complex according to the preceding claims, wherein the complex is in the form of tablets.

7. A complex according to the preceding claims, wherein the complex comprises a known fuel additive, absorbed on a carrier according to Claims 2 to 5, and reduced to tablet form according to Claim 6.

8. A complex with an additive for fuels substantially as described herein.