GB2058253A - A motor driven hand tool - Google Patents
A motor driven hand tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2058253A GB2058253A GB8026438A GB8026438A GB2058253A GB 2058253 A GB2058253 A GB 2058253A GB 8026438 A GB8026438 A GB 8026438A GB 8026438 A GB8026438 A GB 8026438A GB 2058253 A GB2058253 A GB 2058253A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- gear wheel
- working spindle
- driving gear
- hand tool
- driving
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B45/00—Hand-held or like portable drilling machines, e.g. drill guns; Equipment therefor
- B23B45/008—Gear boxes, clutches, bearings, feeding mechanisms or like equipment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
- F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
- F16H3/089—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears all of the meshing gears being supported by a pair of parallel shafts, one being the input shaft and the other the output shaft, there being no countershaft involved
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
- Gear Transmission (AREA)
- Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A motor driven hand tool, especially a domestic combination machine, is provided having clockwise and anticlockwise rotation and is provided for this purpose with a selectable gearing which has low gear losses and is distinguished by low production costs. For this purpose, at least two driving gear wheels (16, 17, 18) are provided on the driving shaft (11), which are mounted loosely on the working spindle (11) and can be coupled to the spindle for the transmission of torque. At least one driving gear wheel (16, 17) is directly permanently in engagement with the idler (19) driven by the motor (13) and at least one driving gear wheel (18) is permanently in engagement with the idler (19) driven by the motor (13) through an intermediate gear wheel. One of two forward and one reverse speeds being selectable by manual actuation of a selector switch operating a clutch device 28 in the form of an axially slidably sleeve operable to put one of gear wheels 16, 17 or 18 into driving engagement with driving shaft 11. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
A motor driven hand tool
The invention originates from a motor driven hand tool, such as a hand guided drilling, milling, sawing machine and the like, especially a domestic combination machine, according to the type set forth in the main claim.
In one known drilling machine of this kind, two speeds for clockwise and anticlockwise operation are formed by the gearing in such a manner that a number of gear wheels are arranged on the working spindle and on the layshaft which are in engagement with one another whereby, by axial displacement of the layshaft the gear wheels on the layshaft can be brought into an overrunning position or a detent position with respect to the layshaft. One of the gear wheels arranged on the working spindle is rigidly connected to the latter for rotation therewith and forms the driving gear wheel for the working spindle, whereas the other gear wheels are arranged loosely on the working spindle and serve for the reversal of the sense of rotation of the layshaft. The gear wheels mounted on the layshaft have first and second recesses.By an appropriate formation of the layshaft, the gear wheels can be rigidly connected to the shaft for rotation therewith in both directions through the first recesses by means of locking balls, whereas the second recesses ensure the overrunning of the gear wheels in both senses of rotation. These locking balls each consist of two balls arranged in a transverse bore in the layshaft and which are forced into the recesses by a spring arranged between them. The first and second recesses of each of the gear wheels are arranged axially one behind the other.
The expenditure as regards gears required for this gearing is considerable. Thus, a total of three gear wheels arranged on the working spindle are required for a two-speed drilling machine having two speeds in clockwise and anticlockwise operation, four gear wheels arranged on the layshaft are required and two intermediate gear wheels are required. In this case, there are not only considerable manufacturing costs but above all also considerable losses in the gearing which considerably reduces the power of the drilling machine. In addition, the production of the locking balls for the individual gear wheels on the layshaft, are really expensive from the manufacturing point of view, which also contributes to the manufacturing costs.
Advantages of the Invention
As opposed to this, the motor driven hand tool in accordance with the invention comprising the characterising features of the main claim has the advantage of minimal pairs of gear wheels so that losses in the gearing are extensively reduced thereby. The small number of gear wheels and the constructional simplicity of coupling the gear wheels to the working spindle are contributory to low manufacturing costs. Without any alteration to speak of the constructional principle, it is possible to produce the hand tool as a singlespeed and/or two-speed machine. For example, as a two-speed machine provided with two clockwise speeds and one anticlockwise speed, the hand tool in accordance with the invention requires only three gear wheels on the working spindle, two gear wheels on the layshaft and one intermediate gear wheel.Known additional devices such as a safety clutch and also the known arrangement of control buttons can remain unaltered.
Advantageous further developments and improvements of the hand tool set forth in the main claim are made possible by the measures set forth in the subclaims.
Drawing
An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and is described in detail in the following specification. The drawings show:
Figure 1 a side view partially in section of a domestic combination machine,
Figure 2 a longitudinal section of the domestic combination machine of Figure 1,
Figure 3 a section along the line Ill-Ill in
Figure 2.
Description of the Embodiment
The domestic combination machine illustrated in Figures 1 to 3 as an example of an electric motor driven hand tool, has a housing 10 and a working spindle 11 mounted in the housing. The working spindle 11 is driven through a gearing 12 by an electric motor 13 which can be seen partially in Figure 2 and which is incorporated in the housing 10. The electric motor 13 has a driving shaft 14 which carries a pinion 15 which is in engagement with the gearing 12.
The gearing 12 can be changed overfor selective clockwise and anticlockwise rotation of the working spindle 11. For this purpose, it has three driving gear wheels 1 6, 17, 18 which are loosely mounted on the working spindle and which can be selectively coupled thereto for the transmission of torque. A further component of the gearing 12 is an idler gear 19 which has a layshaft 20 mounted in the housing parallel with respect to the working spindle 11 and two gear wheels 21 and 22 rigidly connected to the layshaft 20 for rotation in both directions. Whilst the gear wheel 22 can be shrunk, for example, onto the layshaft 20, the gear wheel 21 is integral with the layshaft 20 in the combination machine described. A gear wheel 23, which is part of a safety clutch 24, is also loosely mounted on the layshaft 20.On both sides, the gear wheels 22 and 23 arranged axially one behind the other on the layshaft 20 interengage like a type of ratchet coupling and are retained in engagement by a compression spring 25 engaging the gear wheel 23 axially of the layshaft 20. The gear wheel 23 meshes directly with the pinion 15 on the driving shaft 14 of the electric motor 13.
The gear wheel 22 of the idler 19 is in permanent engagement with the driving gear
wheel 16 and the gear wheel 21 is in permanent
engagement with the driving gear wheel 17. The
third driving gear wheel 18 is in engagement with
the gear wheel 21 of the idler 19 through an
intermediate gear wheel 26 (Figure 3). The
intermediate gear wheel 26 is mounted on a stud
27 arranged in the housing 10 parallel to the
working spindle 11 and to the layshaft 20. The
driving gear wheels 16 to 18, the gear wheels
21,22 of the idler 19 and the intermediate gear
wheel 26 are in permanent engagement with one
another.
A clutch device 28 is provided for coupling the
driving gear wheels 1 6, 1 7, 1 8 arranged axially on
the working spindle directly one behind the other,
to the working spindle 11 for the transmission of
torque. This clutch device 28 has two sliding keys
29, 30 axially displaceable on the working spindle 11. The two sliding keys are arranged
diametrically opposite one another on the working
spindle 11 and are each guided in an axial external
groove 31 or 32 in the working spindle 11. The
sliding keys 29, 30 each have a radial projection
33, 34 which can engage positively in an
associated axial internal groove 35 or 36 in each
of the driving gear wheels 1 6-18.
The two sliding keys are displaced axially
synchronously by means of an actuating device
37. In so doing, they each connect one of the
three driving gear wheels 16-18 positively to the
working spindle 11.
The actuating device 37 has a manually
actuable selector switch 38 (Figure 1) formed as a
pivotable handle. The selector switch 38 is rigidly
connected for rotation therewith to a gear wheel
39 which meshes in an axially displaceably guided
rack 40. The rack 40 carries a coupling member
41 which terminates in a ring 42 engaging with
the two sliding keys 29, 30. The two sliding keys
29, 30 are displaced along the working spindle 11
by the rack 40 and the coupling member 41
according to the position of the selector
switch 38.
In Figures 1 and 2, the domestic combination
machine is illustrated with a first clockwise speed
selected. The selector switch 38 points to the
symbol "1"(Figure 1) applied to the housing 10.
In this position of the selector switch 38, the rack
40, coupling member 41 and sliding keys 29,30
take up the positions illustrated in Figures 1 and 2.
The two sliding keys 29, 30 connect the driving
gear wheel 17 positively to the working spindle 11
by means of their radial projections 33 and 34. If the electric motor 13 is now switched on, then the driving shaft 14 rotates to the right that is to say clockwise. Through the gear wheel 23 and the gear wheel 22, the pinion 1 5 drives the layshaft 20 and with it the gear wheel 21 to the left (anticlockwise). The gear wheel 21 meshes with the driving wheel 17 which is positively connected to the working spindle 11 and drives the latter clockwise. Thus, the working spindle 11 rotates clockwise at a speed determined by the transmission ratio between the gear wheel 21 and the driving gear wheel 17. The intermediate gear
26 likewise meshing with the gear wheel 21
drives the driving gear wheel 18.However, since the latter is mounted loosely on the working spindle 11 the latter is ineffective. The same
applies to the driving gear wheel 16 which is driven clockwise by the gear wheel 22 but also freely rotates on the working spindle 11.
If the selector switch 38 is set to the right in
Figure 1, so that it points to the symbol "L"
(rotation to the left) then the rack 40 is displaced towards the left in Figure 1 by the gear wheel 39.
The coupling member 41 pushes the two sliding
keys 29, 30 towards the left in Figure 2 until the
radial projections 33, 34 on the sliding keys 29, 30 positively engage in the internal grooves
35, 36 in the driving gear wheel 18. In this position of the selector switch 38, the driving gear wheel 18 is positively fixed to the working spindle
11. The driving force then takes place through the gear wheel 21 indirectly driven anticlockwise by the clockwise rotating driving shaft 14 of the electric motor 13, the clockwise rotating intermediate gear wheel 26 and the anticlockwise rotating driving gear wheel 18 which then drives the working spindle 11 anticlockwise at a speed determined by the transmission ratio of the gear wheel 21 and the driving gear wheel 18.
If the selector switch 38 is pivoted towards the left in Figure 1 so that it points towards the symbol "2" (second clockwise speed) then the sliding keys 29, 30 are moved so far towards the right in Figure 2 that the driving gear wheel 16 is positively connected to the working spindle 11.
The working spindle 11 then rotates clockwise at a speed determined by the transmission ratio between the gear wheel 22 of the idler 1 9 and the driving gear wheel 1 6.
In order to avoid friction losses, the driving gear wheels 16 and 18, especially the driving gear wheel 18, can be mounted on the working spindle
11 by means of roller bearings, especially ball bearings.
As has been described in detail above, the domestic combination machine shown in Figures 1 to 3 has two clockwise speeds and one anticlockwise speed. Thus, the working spindle 11 has a total of three possible speed stages.
Correspondingly, a total of three driving gear wheels 16 to 18 are mounted on the working spindle 11.
The invention is not limited to the abovedescribed embodiment of a domestic combination machine provided with three speed stages. An increase or decrease in the speed stages is optionally possible without having to alter the principle of construction of the gearing 12. The domestic combination machine can also be provided with a percussive drilling mechanism 43, as shown in Figure 2, without making any alteration in the gearing 12 necessary.
Furthermore, the construction with the loose driving gear wheels on the working spindle permits the assembly, for example, of a threespeed machine for clockwise rotation. The intermediate gear 26 is omitted and the driving gear wheel 18 meshes directly with a third gear wheel on the idler 19 arranged in accordance with the desired transmission ratio. The other construction remains unaltered in the form of constructional units.
Claims (9)
1. A motor driven hand tool, such as a hand guided drilling, milling, sawing machine and the like, especially a domestic combination machine, comprising a working spindle and a gearing which can be changed over for selecting clockwise and anticlockwise rotation of the working spindle, the gearing comprising a driving gear wheel arranged on the working spindle and rotating the latter, an idler connected in front of the driving gear wheel in the driving train direction and comprising an intermediate gear wheel permanently in engagement with the idler and the driving gear wheel, characterised in that at least two driving gear wheels are provided which are loosely mounted on the working spindle and can be coupled thereto for the transmission of torque and that at least one driving gear wheel is permanently directly in engagement with the idler and at least one driving gear wheel is permanently in engagement with the idler through an intermediate gear wheel.
2. A hand tool according to claim 1 characterised by a clutch device fixing, preferably positively, the driving gear wheel to the working spindle.
3. A hand tool according to claim 2 characterised in that the clutch device has at least one sliding key displaceable axially on the working spindle and which is guided in an axial external groove in the working spindle and which, preferably having a radial projection, can selectively engage in an associated internal groove in the driving gear wheels.
4. A hand tool according to claim 3 characterised in that an actuating device engages the clutch device, preferably at the sliding key, and which has a manually actuable selector switch which is preferably formed as a pivotable selector handle.
5. A hand tool according to claim 4 characterised in that the actuating device has an axially displaceably guided rack and the selector handle has a gear segment, preferably a gear wheel, meshing with the rack and that the rack is rigidly connected to the sliding key by a coupling member.
6. A hand tool according to one of claims 1 to 5 characterised in that the intermediate gear wheel is mounted on a stud arranged parallel to the working spindle.
7. A hand tool according to one of claims 1 to 6 characterised in that the driving gear wheels, preferably the driving gear wheel meshing with the intermediate gear wheel, are mounted on the working spindle by means of a roller bearing, preferably a ball bearing.
8. A hand tool according to one of claims 1 to 7 characterised in that a number of driving gear wheels are provided on the working spindle corresponding to the number of the possible speed stages of the working spindle clockwise and anticlockwise.
9. A motor driven hand tool substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19792936996 DE2936996A1 (en) | 1979-09-13 | 1979-09-13 | MOTOR DRIVEN TOOL |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2058253A true GB2058253A (en) | 1981-04-08 |
| GB2058253B GB2058253B (en) | 1983-12-07 |
Family
ID=6080754
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8026438A Expired GB2058253B (en) | 1979-09-13 | 1980-08-13 | Motor driven hand tool |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5652107A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH647174A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2936996A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES495012A0 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2464774A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2058253B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1132658B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL8005097A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2454042A1 (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2012-05-23 | Demain Technology PTY Ltd. | Power tool |
| WO2012110321A1 (en) * | 2011-02-15 | 2012-08-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hand-power tool with a reduction gear |
| WO2019211046A1 (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2019-11-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Power tool device |
| EP4434685A1 (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2024-09-25 | Black & Decker, Inc. | A power tool with a gear selection key |
| EP4434683A1 (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2024-09-25 | Black & Decker, Inc. | A power tool comprising a transmission |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5915765B2 (en) * | 1981-10-05 | 1984-04-11 | 松下電工株式会社 | Rotary power tool gearbox |
| JPS6142211U (en) * | 1984-07-30 | 1986-03-18 | リョービ株式会社 | Rotary power tool gearbox |
| DE3527091A1 (en) * | 1985-07-29 | 1987-01-29 | Hilti Ag | DRILLING DEVICE |
| DE10007665A1 (en) * | 2000-02-19 | 2001-09-06 | Scintilla Ag | Machine tool |
| DE102004018084B3 (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2005-11-17 | Hilti Ag | hammer drill |
| DE102009005248A1 (en) * | 2009-01-13 | 2010-07-15 | C. & E. Fein Gmbh | Power tool with switchable gearbox |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL276912A (en) * | 1961-04-08 | |||
| CH546615A (en) * | 1972-10-10 | 1974-03-15 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | ELECTRIC TOOL WITH A TWO SPEED TRANSMISSION. |
| DE2412935A1 (en) * | 1974-03-18 | 1975-10-02 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Layshaft gearbox for drill - has axially displaceable layshaft to connect or disconnect lay gears |
-
1979
- 1979-09-13 DE DE19792936996 patent/DE2936996A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1980
- 1980-08-13 GB GB8026438A patent/GB2058253B/en not_active Expired
- 1980-09-02 CH CH6590/80A patent/CH647174A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-09-05 IT IT24469/80A patent/IT1132658B/en active
- 1980-09-10 NL NL8005097A patent/NL8005097A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-09-12 ES ES495012A patent/ES495012A0/en active Granted
- 1980-09-12 FR FR8019780A patent/FR2464774A1/en active Granted
- 1980-09-12 JP JP12617180A patent/JPS5652107A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2454042A1 (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2012-05-23 | Demain Technology PTY Ltd. | Power tool |
| EP2454042A4 (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2014-01-01 | Demain Technology Pty Ltd | Power tool |
| WO2012110321A1 (en) * | 2011-02-15 | 2012-08-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hand-power tool with a reduction gear |
| US9109670B2 (en) | 2011-02-15 | 2015-08-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Handheld power tool having a reduction gear unit |
| WO2019211046A1 (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2019-11-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Power tool device |
| CN112074374A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2020-12-11 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Machine tool device |
| US11738438B2 (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2023-08-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Power tool device |
| CN112074374B (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2024-05-28 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Machine tool device |
| EP4434685A1 (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2024-09-25 | Black & Decker, Inc. | A power tool with a gear selection key |
| EP4434683A1 (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2024-09-25 | Black & Decker, Inc. | A power tool comprising a transmission |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2464774A1 (en) | 1981-03-20 |
| JPS5652107A (en) | 1981-05-11 |
| CH647174A5 (en) | 1985-01-15 |
| GB2058253B (en) | 1983-12-07 |
| ES8105601A1 (en) | 1981-06-16 |
| ES495012A0 (en) | 1981-06-16 |
| NL8005097A (en) | 1981-03-17 |
| IT1132658B (en) | 1986-07-02 |
| DE2936996A1 (en) | 1981-04-02 |
| IT8024469A0 (en) | 1980-09-05 |
| FR2464774B1 (en) | 1985-02-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |