GB2040367A - Improvements in the physical characteristics of a pair of sliding elements - Google Patents
Improvements in the physical characteristics of a pair of sliding elements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2040367A GB2040367A GB7940163A GB7940163A GB2040367A GB 2040367 A GB2040367 A GB 2040367A GB 7940163 A GB7940163 A GB 7940163A GB 7940163 A GB7940163 A GB 7940163A GB 2040367 A GB2040367 A GB 2040367A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- elements
- pair
- disposed
- sliding
- cavities
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical group S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003831 antifriction material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000227425 Pieris rapae crucivora Species 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001361 White metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010969 white metal Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
- F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
- F16C33/103—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant retained in or near the bearing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
- F16C29/02—Sliding-contact bearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/24—Brasses; Bushes; Linings with different areas of the sliding surface consisting of different materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2220/00—Shaping
- F16C2220/60—Shaping by removing material, e.g. machining
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2223/00—Surface treatments; Hardening; Coating
- F16C2223/30—Coating surfaces
- F16C2223/44—Coating surfaces by casting molten material on the substrate
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for improving the sliding or frictional characteristics and the load capacity in a pair of elements having sliding surfaces coupled with one another and adapted to transmit high mutual pressures, at least one of the said elements being made of bronze. In accordance with the invention, the said surface 2 of at least one of the said elements 1 is provided with a plurality of cavities 12 formed therein, which cavities are filled with a material 13 having antifriction and seizure resistance characteristics higher than those of the bronze. The elements are preferably planar, a channel 3 and feed hole 4 being provided for the supply of lubricant. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Improvements in the physical characteristics of a pair of sliding elements
The present invention relates to a process for improving the sliding characteristics, (for example the friction coefficient and the tendency not to generate seizure phenomena) and the load capacity, particularly under conditions of high loads, low speeds and poor lubrication, in a pair of elements having coupled sliding surfaces.
Preferably, the pair of elements in accordance with the present invention include mutually coupled plane surfaces wherein grooves are usually provided for feeding lubricant between the said surfaces.
Elements of this type are widely used for providing rectilinear movements between two members of a machine, for example between a casing and a slide of a machine, for instance a machine tool. However, the process according to the present invention may additionally be used in the case of elements of different shape and performing a different relative movement.
It is already known that in a pair of sliding elements of the type mentioned, the load capacity and sliding characteristics are considerably limited under particular working conditions, for example when the lubrication is inefficient, the temperature of the sliding surfaces is rather high, or when the pressures between the coupled surfaces are distributed unevenly with high concentrations of pressures in specific regions of the pair. Under such conditions, seizure phenomena may be generated during which very small projections of one of the said pair of elements tend to penetrate into the material of the other element, thus producing a welding effect between the elements which prevents them from performing any relative movement.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a process which provides sliding pairs substantially free from this seizure phenomenon, and, more generally, for improving the sliding characteristics and the load capacity in a pair of elements including coupled surfaces arranged to transmit high mutual pressures, wherein at least one element is made of bronze.
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for improving the sliding characteristics and the load capacity in a pair of elements provided with coupled surfaces arranged to transmit high mutual pressures and of which at least one element is made of bronze, whereby in the said surface of at least one element of the pair of elements a plurality of cavities are formed and said cavities are filled with a material having antifriction and seizure resistance characteristics higher than those of the bronze.
Preferably, the material is an antifriction metallic material having a high content of tin, or a mixture containing a lubricant, for example molybdenum disulphide.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the said cavities are arranged in a preselected configuration, being formed by dead
holes, recess or similar depressions whose axes are
disposed on at least one circumference. The axes of the said recesses may be arranged on several concentric circumferences and the axes of the
recesses which are disposed on two contiguous or adjacent circumferences are preferably not aligned
on the same radius of the said circumferences.
The invention seeks to provide a pair of elements
having coupled sliding surfaces arranged to transmit
mutual high pressures, wherein these elements are formed according to the process of the present invention.
According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided a pair of elements having coupled sliding surfaces arranged to transmit high mutual pressures, one element of the said pair of elements being made of bronze, whereby the sliding surface of at least one of the pair of elements includes a plurality of inserts formed therein of a material having antifriction and seizure resistance characteristics higher than those of the bronze.
By way of example only an embodiment of the process according to the invention and the pair of sliding elements obtained by means of the process will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a sliding pad forming one element of a pair of sliding elements,
Figure 2 is a perspective view of another sliding pad wherein lubrication channels are arranged in alternative configuration,
Figure 3 is a perspective view of a further pad in accordance with the present invention, and
Figures 4 and 5 are cross-sections along a plane perpendicular to the sliding surface of one of the pads shown in the preceding Figures, during two successive stages of the process.
Referring to Figure 1 of the drawings, an element of the pair, formed by a flat pad 1, has a sliding surface 2 which, in this preferred embodiment is flat and adapted to be coupled with a corresponding flat surface of another element (not shown) of the pair, substantially similar to the element shown. The pad 1 is provided with a channel 3 for a lubricant of known type which channel 3 is arranged to feed lubricating oil between the coupled surfaces of the pair, wherein the oil is delivered through a feeding hole 4. The pad 1 is made of bronze (normal or special) by means of known forming techniques.
The pads shown in Figures 2 and 3 are substantially similar in shape to the pad described with reference to Figure 1. The pad 1 shown in Figure 2 is provided with lubrication channels comprising sections of different configuration from that described in Figure 1. A central section 5 communicates with sections 6 extending radially away from each end of the central section 5, and lubricating oil is supplied there to through feed holes 7.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 3 several parallel channel sections 8 are provided in mutual communication through a connection section 10, in which an oil feed hole 9 is located.
In accordance with the process of the invention, a plurality of cavities 12 are formed on the surface 2 of each pad, each of which consists, for example, of a partial hole or recess 12 etc. of the type shown in
Figure4; each hole is filled with an insert 13 of a suitable material in such a way that the upper surface 14 (Figure 5) of the insert substantially coincides with the main surface 2 of the pad.
The material forming the insert 13 is one having antifriction and seizure resistance characteristics higher than those of the bronze forming the material of the pad. Appropriately, common white antifriction metals may be used, which contain comparatively large proportions of tin (normally, about 80%) in addition to substitution alloys of white metals, of a type used normally in bearings being based on lead hardened by cadmium, arsenic, phosphorus, vanadium, or nickel. Other alloys as used in bearings, such as those based on cadmium incorporating nickel, copper, silver may also be utilized. Zinc alloys or even light alloys (alloys of aluminium appropriately hardened, for example, by means of lead) find application in the invention.The fundamental feature of insert material 13 consists in having antifriction and seizure resistance characteristics higher than those of the bronze material of the relevant element, even if such characteristics cannot be defined with reference to precise units. They are intended to illustrate the magnitude of characteristics which help in reducing the total friction coefficient during movement between the two elements of the pair and avoid generating seizure phenomena, particularly in instances of poor lubrication, under conditions of high mutual pressures and temperatures.
According to an alternative embodiment the insert material 13 may be formed by an appropriate mixture contaning a lubricant. This mixture may contain a basic or filler material of rather plastic nature which can be inserted into the cavities 12 and undergoes long term hardening without actually reaching complete hardening. Suitable basic materials include rubber mixes, elastomeres, plastic materials and the like. The lubricant may be any suitable lubricant, for example a lubricant powder, such as molybdenum disulphide.
Advantageously, the cavities 12 may be situated in those regions of an element of the coupled pair in which lubrication is less efficient and specific pressures are higher, i.e. in those regions whereby seizure phenomena are most likely to originate. In the case of the embodiments shown in the drawings these regions are the lateral regions of the pad 1, near the ends ofthe or each lubrication channel.
Preferably, the axes of the depressions 12 are disposed on one or more concentric circumferences, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. In this case, in order to distribute the plurality of inserts. 13 in the most uniform possible manner in the region in which it is desired to avoid generating seizure phenomena, the axes of the depressions 12 of two contiguous circumferences are not disposed on the same radius, as can clearly be seen in Figures 1 and 2. The cavities 12 may be disposed in any other configuration which will create a substantially uniform distribution of the inserts 13 in the desired region. For example, in the case of the pad 1 shown in Figure 3 the depressions 12 are disposed along a substantially straight line between the lubrication channels 8 and adjacent each side of these channels, as can be clearly seen in
Figure 3.
Preferably, to carry out the process according to the present invention, on a pad, as shown in Figures 1,2 and 3, obtained for example by fusion; a plurality of depressions 12 are formed by chipforming machining, which are disposed in configurations shown in the Figures. Thereafter, the material of the inserts 13 (in the case of a metallic material) is poured into the interior of each hole, or the holes are filled, in any suitable manner, with the mixture containing the lubricant. Finally, the upper surface 2 is ground together with the inserted material.
It has been found that the physical behaviour, during operation, a pair of elements according to the present invention is improved compared to that of a conventional pair of the same dimensions. Under the same conditions of lubrication and subjected to the same load, a lower value of the total friction co-efficient and greater resistance to generation of seizure phenomena are obtained. This may be due to the favourable action exerted by the material of the inserts 13, which material, being of a different nature from that of the pad itself, interacts favourably therewith. The effect is also obtained with inserts 13 of reduced surface area, which constitute only a small fraction of the total surface area of the pad.
Claims (17)
1. A process for improving the sliding characteristics and the load capacity in a pair of elements provided with coupled surfaces arranged to transmit high mutual pressures and of which at least one element is made of bronze, whereby in the said surface of at least one element of the pair of elements a plurality of cavities are formed and said cavities are filled with a material having antifriction and seizure resistance characteristics higher than those of the bronze.
2. A process as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the said material is an antifriction metal material having a high content of tin.
3. A process as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the said material is a mixture containing a lubricant.
4. A process as claimed in Claim 3, wherein the said lubricant is molybdenum disulphide.
5. A process as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the said cavities are constituted by recesses or similar depressions, the axes of which are disposed on at least one circumference.
6. A process as claimed in Claim 5, wherein the axes of said recesses are disposed on several concentric circumferences.
7. A process as claimed in Claim 6, wherein the axes of recesses disposed on two contiguous circumferences are not disposed on the same radius of the respective circumferences.
8. A process as claimed in any preceding claim wherein each element is formed by fusion, the cavities on the surface of at least one of the elements are formed by chip-forming machining, the material having said antifriction and seizure resistance char acteristics is inserted into said cavities, and said surface of the element and the upper surface of said material is ground.
9. A pair of elements having coupled sliding surfaces arranged to transmit high mutual pressures, one element of the said pair of elements being made of bronze, whereby the sliding surface of at least one of the pair of elements includes a plurality of inserts formed therein of a material having antifriction and seizure resistance characteristics higher than those of the bronze.
10. A pair of elements as claimed in Claim 9, wherein said material is a metallic antifriction material having a high content of tin.
11. A pair of elements as claimed in Claim 9, wherein said material is a mixture containing a lubricant.
12. A pair of elements as claimed in Claim 11, wherein the lubricant is molybdenum disulphide.
13. A pair of elements as claimed in any one of
Claims 9 to 12, wherein the material inserts engage holes, recesses or similar depressions in the sliding surface of one element the axes of the recesses being disposed on at least one circumference.
14. A pair of elements as claimed in Claim 13, wherein the axes of said holes are disposed on several concentric circumferences.
15. A pair of elements as claimed in Claim 12, wherein the axes of the holes which are disposed on two contiguous circumferences are not disposed on the same radius of the respective circumferences.
16. A process for improving the sliding characteristics and the load capacity of a pair of sliding elements, substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
17. A pair of elements with improved sliding characteristics and load capacity substantially as herein described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT69675/78A IT1109642B (en) | 1978-11-23 | 1978-11-23 | PROCEDURE TO IMPROVE THE SLIDING CHARACTERISTICS AND THE LOAD CAPACITY IN A PAIR OF SLIDING ELEMENTS AND THE RELATED TORQUE OBTAINED BY SUCH PROCEDURE |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2040367A true GB2040367A (en) | 1980-08-28 |
| GB2040367B GB2040367B (en) | 1983-07-27 |
Family
ID=11312604
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7940163A Expired GB2040367B (en) | 1978-11-23 | 1979-11-20 | Physical characteristics of a pair of sliding elements |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT382443B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE880175A (en) |
| DD (1) | DD147334A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2946921A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES8103337A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2442375A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2040367B (en) |
| GR (1) | GR65364B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1109642B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7908519A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL219815A1 (en) |
| RO (1) | RO78448A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE438534B (en) |
| YU (1) | YU283379A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4607997A (en) * | 1983-09-02 | 1986-08-26 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho | Side shifting attachment for fork lift trucks |
| GB2227031A (en) * | 1988-12-01 | 1990-07-18 | Nippon Seiko Kk | Surface treated sliding or rolling contact element and rolling bearing |
| US5252391A (en) * | 1988-12-01 | 1993-10-12 | Nippon Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha | Surface treated sliding or rolling contact element and rolling bearing |
| DE9310059U1 (en) * | 1993-07-07 | 1994-11-10 | Macor Marine Systems | Plain bearings especially for hatch covers on board ships |
| US6612746B2 (en) | 1996-07-30 | 2003-09-02 | Nsk Ltd. | Rolling apparatus having surface-treated rolling member |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0735813B2 (en) * | 1989-08-30 | 1995-04-19 | 豊田工機株式会社 | Hydrostatic bearing |
| DE102010040158B4 (en) | 2010-09-02 | 2017-12-21 | Federal-Mogul Wiesbaden Gmbh | Textured dirt deposits in plain bearing surfaces |
| DE102017213760A1 (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-02-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hydrostatic axial piston machine |
| DE102018219013A1 (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2020-05-14 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Plain bearings with V-shaped grooves |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2431430A (en) * | 1938-12-13 | 1947-11-25 | Shaw Harry | Bearing and bearing surface |
| GB547619A (en) * | 1940-06-24 | 1942-09-03 | Gen Motors Corp | Improved bearings and methods of making the same |
| US3062599A (en) * | 1959-11-27 | 1962-11-06 | Gen Electric | Carbon bearings with molybdenum disulphide inserts |
| SU401203A1 (en) * | 1971-10-22 | 1976-11-25 | Институт элементоорганических соединений АН СССР | Antifriction product |
| JPS52113445A (en) * | 1976-03-19 | 1977-09-22 | Daido Metal Co Ltd | Bearing metal |
| AT343963B (en) * | 1976-09-28 | 1978-06-26 | Miba Gleitlager Ag | SLIDING BEARING ELEMENT FOR HIGHLY LOADED BEARING POINTS |
-
1978
- 1978-11-23 IT IT69675/78A patent/IT1109642B/en active
-
1979
- 1979-11-15 AT AT0730479A patent/AT382443B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-11-20 GB GB7940163A patent/GB2040367B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-11-20 YU YU02833/79A patent/YU283379A/en unknown
- 1979-11-21 BE BE0/198215A patent/BE880175A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-11-21 DE DE19792946921 patent/DE2946921A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1979-11-21 ES ES486223A patent/ES8103337A1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-11-22 GR GR60572A patent/GR65364B/en unknown
- 1979-11-22 NL NL7908519A patent/NL7908519A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-11-22 PL PL21981579A patent/PL219815A1/xx unknown
- 1979-11-22 SE SE7909659A patent/SE438534B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-11-22 RO RO7999317A patent/RO78448A/en unknown
- 1979-11-23 DD DD79217114A patent/DD147334A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-11-23 FR FR7928995A patent/FR2442375A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4607997A (en) * | 1983-09-02 | 1986-08-26 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho | Side shifting attachment for fork lift trucks |
| GB2227031A (en) * | 1988-12-01 | 1990-07-18 | Nippon Seiko Kk | Surface treated sliding or rolling contact element and rolling bearing |
| GB2227031B (en) * | 1988-12-01 | 1993-07-21 | Nippon Seiko Kk | Surface treated sliding or rolling contact element and rolling bearing |
| US5252391A (en) * | 1988-12-01 | 1993-10-12 | Nippon Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha | Surface treated sliding or rolling contact element and rolling bearing |
| DE9310059U1 (en) * | 1993-07-07 | 1994-11-10 | Macor Marine Systems | Plain bearings especially for hatch covers on board ships |
| US6612746B2 (en) | 1996-07-30 | 2003-09-02 | Nsk Ltd. | Rolling apparatus having surface-treated rolling member |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2040367B (en) | 1983-07-27 |
| RO78448A (en) | 1982-02-26 |
| IT1109642B (en) | 1985-12-23 |
| SE7909659L (en) | 1980-05-24 |
| YU283379A (en) | 1983-04-30 |
| GR65364B (en) | 1980-08-20 |
| DE2946921A1 (en) | 1980-06-04 |
| AT382443B (en) | 1987-02-25 |
| ES486223A0 (en) | 1981-02-16 |
| DD147334A5 (en) | 1981-04-01 |
| FR2442375A1 (en) | 1980-06-20 |
| PL219815A1 (en) | 1980-08-11 |
| NL7908519A (en) | 1980-05-28 |
| ES8103337A1 (en) | 1981-02-16 |
| ATA730479A (en) | 1986-07-15 |
| IT7869675A0 (en) | 1978-11-23 |
| SE438534B (en) | 1985-04-22 |
| BE880175A (en) | 1980-03-17 |
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| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |