GB2031067A - A compression-ignition internal combustion engine having cold-start system - Google Patents
A compression-ignition internal combustion engine having cold-start system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2031067A GB2031067A GB7931813A GB7931813A GB2031067A GB 2031067 A GB2031067 A GB 2031067A GB 7931813 A GB7931813 A GB 7931813A GB 7931813 A GB7931813 A GB 7931813A GB 2031067 A GB2031067 A GB 2031067A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- engine
- cold
- ignition
- combustion chamber
- internal combustion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
- F02P19/02—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
Abstract
A compression-ignition internal combustion engine having a combustion chamber formed in the piston or cylinder head thereof includes a cold-start system comprising a spark plug extending into the combustion chamber and a high voltage ignition system connected to the spark plug for operation exclusively during cold-starting of the engine.
Description
SPECIFICATION
A compression-ignition internal combustion engine having a cold-start system
This invention relates to a cold-starting system for an air-compression self-ignition internal combustion engine which operates with pressure-ignition fuel, and which has a combustion chamber formed in the piston or cylinder head into which an ignition device operated by means of electrical energy penetrates at least on reaching the piston top-dead-centre.
A cold-starting device of this type is disclosed in German Patent Specification No. 1 023 632. It is specially for internal combustion engines in which fuel is deposited on the wall of the combustion chamber to form a fuel film which spreads out on the combustion chamber wall, and then evaporates. A bimetallic-type electrode is secured and insulated in the cylinder head adjacent the zone where the fuel film evaporates and operates in conjunction with a counter electrode arranged in the combustion chamber wall. The electrodes working in a similar way to a make-and-break contact come into frictional contact with each other and operate with low voltage. After starting the engine, the bimetal electrode deflects under the influence of the heat in the combustion chamber away from the counterelectrode and ignition is interrupted.Such a cold-starting system suffers the drawback that it is subject to heavy wear and is by no means suitable for every injection system. Apart from that, it not only serves for starting, because when the temperature in the combustion chamber decreases, it will be energized again automatically. Moreover, it has been found that the system functions by no means reliably and will not produce the energy necessary for ignition.
It has long been known to arrange ignition devices operated by electrical energy and penetrating into the combustion chamber in direct-injection air-compression internal combustion engines, but not as a starting aid, especially not as a cold-starting aid. Such ignition devices are actually used where the engine is operated with fuels of low self-ignition quality.
These ignition devices operate continuously; see for example German Patent Specification
No. 1 576 020 which discloses one or two rod electrodes to penetrating into the combustion chamber at a point where an ignitable mixture first forms.
Furthermore, in German Patent Specification No. 1 526 320, a shell-type spark plug penetrates into a drilled recess communicating with the combustion chamber with part of the fuel being taken to it through a guiding duct arranged in the combustion chamber wall.
In German Patent Specification No. 1 019 125, an electrode or ignition source penetrates into the combustion chamber at a point where an ignitable mixture first exists as soon as the piston reaches its top dead centre position.
All these engines are actually spark-ignition internal combustion engines which employ the method of wall deposition of the fuel and the ignition devices do not serve for cold-starting.
The only effective method of facilitating cold-starting in direct-injection internal combustion engines used today is to use systems for preheating the induction air in order to achieve a sufficiently high final compression temperature for self-ignition at the end of the compression stroke in the cylinders. A system of this type is disclosed, for instance, in
German Patent Specification No. 1 576 220.
It consists of a glow plug provided in the suction pipe which has fuel delivered to it.
The burnt gases mix with the induction air and heat up the latter.
Such systems mainly suffer from the disadvantage of a high energy consumption because not only the induction air, but also engine components, have to be heated first, with the starter motor cranking the engine until a sufficient amount of preheated air has been delivered into the cylinder or through the cylinders. An additional extension of the cold-starting cycle results from the fact that the preheated induction air has to transfer part of its heat to the induction manifolds, the cylinder heads and to the pistons until the self-ignition temperature is at last attained.
Finally, an air-preheating system of this type suffers from a great disadvantage in that metering of the fuel and mixture preparation for the combustor is most difficult, especially in the case of smaller type engines.
An object of the present invention is to provide a pressure-ignition internal combustion engine with a cold-start system whereby instantaneous starting is possible and the amount of energy expended is reduced to a minimum.
The invention provides a compression-ignition internal combustion engine having a combustion chamber formed in the piston or cylinder head thereof, a cold-start system comprising a spark plug extending into the combustion chamber at least at top-dead-centre of the piston and a high voltage ignition system connected to the spark plug for operation exclusively during cold-starting of the engine, the spark plug being arranged so that its electrodes are situated during starting in the region where an ignitable mixture exists.
As a result of these features, instantaneous starting is obtained similar as in Otto-cycle engines with the spark for ignition forming an ignition source of minimum size with a very high energy density. In this fashion, a most concentrated energy feed is obtained so that the use of smaller starting batteries is possible. The spark so produced is capable of assisting combustion during the first few sec onds of the warming-up phase.
Where exactly the spark plug should be arranged is a matter to be decided on the merits of each specific case, the important criterion being that it should be situated in the region where an ignitable mixture exists.
Preferably, a conventional ignition system with circuit breaker, ignition coil and distributor is used as the high voltage ignition system.
Furthermore, as a high voltage ignition system a system producing spark sequences of any desired frequency and duration could be used and which supplies all cylinders simultaneously with high voltage, or which supplies the cylinders through a distributor successively with high voltage according to the firing order.
Claims (4)
1. A compression-ignition internal combustion engine having a combustion chamber formed in the piston or cylinder head thereof, a cold-start system comprising a spark plug extending into the combustion chamber at least at top-dead-centre of the piston and a high voltage ignition system connected to the spark plug for operation exclusively during cold-starting of the engine, the spark plug being arranged so that its electrodes are situated during starting in the region where an ignitable mixture exists.
2. An engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein a conventional ignition system with circuit breaker, ignition coil and distributor is used as a high voltage ignition system.
3. An engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high-voltage ignition system comprises a device for producing spark sequences of any desired frequency and duration which supplies all cylinders simultaneously with high voltage.
4. An engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high-voltage ignition system comprises a device for producing spark sequences of any desired frequency and duration which supplies the cylinders through a distributor successively with high voltage according to the firing order.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19782839981 DE2839981A1 (en) | 1978-09-14 | 1978-09-14 | COLD START DEVICE FOR AN AIR COMPRESSING, SELF-IGNITIONING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2031067A true GB2031067A (en) | 1980-04-16 |
| GB2031067B GB2031067B (en) | 1982-08-18 |
Family
ID=6049423
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7931813A Expired GB2031067B (en) | 1978-09-14 | 1979-09-13 | Compresion ignition internal combustion engine having cold-start systems |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5540299A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH641247A5 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD145943A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2839981A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2436265B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2031067B (en) |
| IN (1) | IN152271B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1164513B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7907630L (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4475492A (en) * | 1981-09-30 | 1984-10-09 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | System for forcefully igniting sprayed fuel of a diesel engine during engine starting |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2598012Y2 (en) * | 1992-03-30 | 1999-07-26 | 昭和飛行機工業株式会社 | Moving container |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB121470A (en) * | 1917-12-10 | 1920-01-29 | William Tudor Price | Improvements in or relating to Internal Combustion Engines. |
| GB410752A (en) * | 1932-11-19 | 1934-05-22 | Harry Edward Kennedy | Improvements relating to effecting combustion and ignition in internal combustion engines |
| GB479904A (en) * | 1936-08-10 | 1938-02-10 | Harry Edward Kennedy | Ignition system for internal combustion engines |
| GB640410A (en) * | 1948-02-26 | 1950-07-19 | Shell Refining & Marketing Co | Internal combustion engine employing a regenerator for heating the charge |
| GB773899A (en) * | 1954-09-08 | 1957-05-01 | K L G Sparking Plugs Ltd | Improvements in or relating to compression-ignition engines |
| DE1096673B (en) * | 1959-05-29 | 1961-01-05 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | Air-compressing injection internal combustion engine |
| US3606873A (en) * | 1970-05-01 | 1971-09-21 | Gen Motors Corp | Igniting system for diesel engine starting |
| US3996912A (en) * | 1971-05-06 | 1976-12-14 | Allis-Chalmers Corporation | Low compression ratio diesel engine |
| DE2227108A1 (en) * | 1971-08-02 | 1973-02-15 | Eberspaecher J | JUMPING DEVICE FOR DIESEL ENGINES |
-
1978
- 1978-09-14 DE DE19782839981 patent/DE2839981A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1979
- 1979-08-24 CH CH772179A patent/CH641247A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-09-11 DD DD79215462A patent/DD145943A1/en unknown
- 1979-09-12 JP JP11718279A patent/JPS5540299A/en active Pending
- 1979-09-12 IT IT25666/79A patent/IT1164513B/en active
- 1979-09-12 FR FR7922809A patent/FR2436265B1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-09-13 SE SE7907630A patent/SE7907630L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-09-13 GB GB7931813A patent/GB2031067B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-09-14 IN IN963/CAL/79A patent/IN152271B/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4475492A (en) * | 1981-09-30 | 1984-10-09 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | System for forcefully igniting sprayed fuel of a diesel engine during engine starting |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IN152271B (en) | 1983-12-03 |
| DE2839981A1 (en) | 1980-04-03 |
| GB2031067B (en) | 1982-08-18 |
| FR2436265A1 (en) | 1980-04-11 |
| DD145943A1 (en) | 1981-01-14 |
| SE7907630L (en) | 1980-03-15 |
| FR2436265B1 (en) | 1985-10-18 |
| JPS5540299A (en) | 1980-03-21 |
| CH641247A5 (en) | 1984-02-15 |
| IT1164513B (en) | 1987-04-15 |
| IT7925666A0 (en) | 1979-09-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |