GB1579194A - Resistance heating elements - Google Patents
Resistance heating elements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1579194A GB1579194A GB27916/77A GB2791677A GB1579194A GB 1579194 A GB1579194 A GB 1579194A GB 27916/77 A GB27916/77 A GB 27916/77A GB 2791677 A GB2791677 A GB 2791677A GB 1579194 A GB1579194 A GB 1579194A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- heating element
- element according
- layer
- polyimide
- reinforcing filler
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 98
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012763 reinforcing filler Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001990 dicarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000953 kanthal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[[4-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]methyl]phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)C=C1 XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000863 Ferronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 aromatic isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000788 chromium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003055 poly(ester-imide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/48—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances fibrous materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/303—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups H01B3/38 or H01B3/302
- H01B3/306—Polyimides or polyesterimides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/16—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being mounted on an insulating base
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7621205A FR2358075A1 (fr) | 1976-07-06 | 1976-07-06 | Element radiant pour dispositif de chauffage |
| FR7634843A FR2371117A2 (fr) | 1976-07-06 | 1976-11-15 | Element radiant pour dispositif de chauffage |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1579194A true GB1579194A (en) | 1980-11-12 |
Family
ID=26219536
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB27916/77A Expired GB1579194A (en) | 1976-07-06 | 1977-07-04 | Resistance heating elements |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4272673A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS5334150A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2730559A1 (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES460415A1 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2371117A2 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1579194A (enExample) |
| IE (1) | IE45239B1 (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT1078671B (enExample) |
| LU (1) | LU77685A1 (enExample) |
| NL (1) | NL7707518A (enExample) |
| SE (1) | SE7707747L (enExample) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2427460A (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2006-12-27 | Kohler Mira Ltd | Heat exchanger having intertwined helically coiled heating elements. |
Families Citing this family (47)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2402992A2 (fr) | 1977-09-07 | 1979-04-06 | Rhone Poulenc Ind | Elements de chauffage |
| JPS5565936U (enExample) * | 1978-11-01 | 1980-05-07 | ||
| JPS5628489A (en) * | 1979-08-14 | 1981-03-20 | Ube Industries | Heating material and method of producing same |
| DE3303504C2 (de) * | 1983-02-02 | 1985-12-19 | Herbert Kannegiesser Gmbh + Co, 4973 Vlotho | Vorrichtung zum Verkleben flächenförmiger Textilstücke |
| US4492887A (en) * | 1983-08-25 | 1985-01-08 | Sundstrand Corporation | Compact resistor assembly for rotary electric machine |
| JPS62110289A (ja) * | 1985-07-09 | 1987-05-21 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 調理器 |
| US5733263A (en) * | 1994-09-20 | 1998-03-31 | Cabot Technology Corporation | Thermal retention system and method |
| ES2103670B1 (es) * | 1994-12-27 | 1998-05-01 | Nugar Bobinajes Sl | Resistencia electrica. |
| US5586214A (en) * | 1994-12-29 | 1996-12-17 | Energy Convertors, Inc. | Immersion heating element with electric resistance heating material and polymeric layer disposed thereon |
| US5835679A (en) | 1994-12-29 | 1998-11-10 | Energy Converters, Inc. | Polymeric immersion heating element with skeletal support and optional heat transfer fins |
| US5930459A (en) * | 1994-12-29 | 1999-07-27 | Energy Converters, Inc. | Immersion heating element with highly thermally conductive polymeric coating |
| US6233398B1 (en) | 1994-12-29 | 2001-05-15 | Watlow Polymer Technologies | Heating element suitable for preconditioning print media |
| US6124579A (en) * | 1997-10-06 | 2000-09-26 | Watlow Electric Manufacturing | Molded polymer composite heater |
| US6147335A (en) * | 1997-10-06 | 2000-11-14 | Watlow Electric Manufacturing Co. | Electrical components molded within a polymer composite |
| RU2125349C1 (ru) * | 1997-10-10 | 1999-01-20 | Конструкторское Бюро Общего Машиностроения | Электроконвектор |
| DE19839457A1 (de) * | 1998-08-29 | 2000-03-09 | Heraeus Noblelight Gmbh | Spiralförmiges Heizelement, Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung desselben sowie unter Verwendung eines spiralförmigen Heizelementes hergestellter Infrarotstrahler |
| US6111233A (en) * | 1999-01-13 | 2000-08-29 | Malden Mills Industries, Inc. | Electric heating warming fabric articles |
| US6852956B2 (en) * | 1999-04-22 | 2005-02-08 | Malden Mills Industries, Inc. | Fabric with heated circuit printed on intermediate film |
| US6875963B2 (en) * | 1999-04-23 | 2005-04-05 | Malden Mills Industries, Inc. | Electric heating/warming fabric articles |
| US6263158B1 (en) * | 1999-05-11 | 2001-07-17 | Watlow Polymer Technologies | Fibrous supported polymer encapsulated electrical component |
| US6294769B1 (en) * | 1999-05-12 | 2001-09-25 | Mccarter David | Infrared food warming device |
| US6188051B1 (en) | 1999-06-01 | 2001-02-13 | Watlow Polymer Technologies | Method of manufacturing a sheathed electrical heater assembly |
| US6392208B1 (en) | 1999-08-06 | 2002-05-21 | Watlow Polymer Technologies | Electrofusing of thermoplastic heating elements and elements made thereby |
| US6184500B1 (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2001-02-06 | Homedics, Inc. | Paraffin bath |
| US6433317B1 (en) | 2000-04-07 | 2002-08-13 | Watlow Polymer Technologies | Molded assembly with heating element captured therein |
| US6392206B1 (en) | 2000-04-07 | 2002-05-21 | Waltow Polymer Technologies | Modular heat exchanger |
| US6519835B1 (en) | 2000-08-18 | 2003-02-18 | Watlow Polymer Technologies | Method of formable thermoplastic laminate heated element assembly |
| US6539171B2 (en) | 2001-01-08 | 2003-03-25 | Watlow Polymer Technologies | Flexible spirally shaped heating element |
| US9963056B2 (en) * | 2001-09-20 | 2018-05-08 | Kurabe Industrial Co., Ltd. | Seat heater and a manufacturing method of seat heater |
| US20080047955A1 (en) * | 2002-01-14 | 2008-02-28 | Malden Mills Industries, Inc. | Electric Heating/Warming Fabric Articles |
| US7777156B2 (en) * | 2002-01-14 | 2010-08-17 | Mmi-Ipco, Llc | Electric heating/warming fabric articles |
| US20040045955A1 (en) * | 2002-01-14 | 2004-03-11 | Moshe Rock | Electric heating/warming fabric articles |
| US7268320B2 (en) * | 2002-01-14 | 2007-09-11 | Mmi-Ipco, Llc | Electric heating/warming fabric articles |
| US7202443B2 (en) * | 2002-01-14 | 2007-04-10 | Malden Mills Industries, Inc. | Electric heating/warming fabric articles |
| US7223948B2 (en) * | 2002-11-15 | 2007-05-29 | W.E.T. Automotive Systems Ag | Covered conductor and heater formed therewith |
| US20070284356A1 (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2007-12-13 | Carol Findlay | Warming blanket with independent energy source |
| US8038281B2 (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2011-10-18 | Xerox Corporation | Media preheater |
| JP2009123603A (ja) * | 2007-11-16 | 2009-06-04 | Toshiba Corp | 誘導加熱調理器 |
| US8228653B2 (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2012-07-24 | General Electric Company | Circuit breakers with automatic breaker rating |
| RU2358415C1 (ru) * | 2008-02-12 | 2009-06-10 | Валентин Михайлович Чевордаев | Электронагреватель и способ его изготовления |
| US20110171355A1 (en) * | 2010-01-13 | 2011-07-14 | Prince Castle, Inc | Food warming cabinet |
| US20120006809A1 (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2012-01-12 | Colorado State University Research Foundation | Sublimation crucible with embedded heater element |
| US20140069540A1 (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2014-03-13 | Jean Renee Chesnais | Wrappable sleeve with heating elements and methods of use and construction thereof |
| JP2015023018A (ja) * | 2013-07-24 | 2015-02-02 | 日本電熱株式会社 | 加熱体 |
| US20210190378A1 (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2021-06-24 | Watlow Electric Manufacturing Company | Heater bundles having variable power output within zones |
| US10999925B2 (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2021-05-04 | Ii-Vi Delaware, Inc. | Stretchable conductor circuit |
| US12490871B2 (en) * | 2024-03-07 | 2025-12-09 | Guangzhou Hansong Tuojiang Technology Co., Ltd. | Towel heating device |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1010641A (en) * | 1907-02-21 | 1911-12-05 | Gen Electric | Resistance unit. |
| US1026377A (en) * | 1910-07-14 | 1912-05-14 | Gen Electric | Resistance unit. |
| US2026616A (en) * | 1933-05-27 | 1936-01-07 | Leeds & Northrup Co | Precision resistance |
| FR796138A (fr) * | 1935-03-30 | 1936-03-30 | Résistance électrique | |
| US2195705A (en) * | 1936-11-25 | 1940-04-02 | Power Patents Co | Electric heater |
| US2213969A (en) * | 1937-02-23 | 1940-09-10 | Ruben Samuel | Electrical resistance element |
| US2783358A (en) * | 1953-12-14 | 1957-02-26 | Herman B Wolf | Electrically heated pad |
| US3031739A (en) * | 1958-06-02 | 1962-05-01 | Wiegand Co Edwin L | Electric heating units and method of making the same |
| US3265858A (en) * | 1963-11-04 | 1966-08-09 | Horace Roby | Heating panel |
| JPS4419274B1 (enExample) * | 1965-03-30 | 1969-08-21 | ||
| CH453697A (fr) * | 1965-10-29 | 1968-03-31 | Rhodiaceta | Procédé de fabrication de polyamide-imides |
| US3584198A (en) * | 1968-02-29 | 1971-06-08 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Flexible electric surface heater |
| FR2156452B1 (enExample) * | 1971-10-20 | 1974-05-31 | Rhone Poulenc Sa | |
| BE790189A (fr) * | 1971-11-01 | 1973-02-15 | Gen Electric | Element chauffant par resistance electrique |
| JPS4950537A (enExample) * | 1972-09-19 | 1974-05-16 | ||
| DE2357727A1 (de) * | 1973-11-20 | 1975-05-28 | Kueppersbusch | Vorrichtung zum auftauen und erhitzen von tiefgekuehlten, in behaeltern aufbewahrten speisen |
| FR2305088A2 (fr) * | 1975-03-19 | 1976-10-15 | Privas Yves | Element chauffant par radiation |
-
1976
- 1976-11-15 FR FR7634843A patent/FR2371117A2/fr active Pending
-
1977
- 1977-07-04 LU LU77685A patent/LU77685A1/xx unknown
- 1977-07-04 GB GB27916/77A patent/GB1579194A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-07-04 IE IE1377/77A patent/IE45239B1/en unknown
- 1977-07-04 SE SE7707747A patent/SE7707747L/ not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-07-05 JP JP7957377A patent/JPS5334150A/ja active Pending
- 1977-07-05 ES ES460415A patent/ES460415A1/es not_active Expired
- 1977-07-06 IT IT25441/77A patent/IT1078671B/it active
- 1977-07-06 NL NL7707518A patent/NL7707518A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-07-06 DE DE19772730559 patent/DE2730559A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1979
- 1979-04-16 US US06/030,637 patent/US4272673A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2427460A (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2006-12-27 | Kohler Mira Ltd | Heat exchanger having intertwined helically coiled heating elements. |
| GB2427460B (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2011-01-19 | Kohler Mira Ltd | Improvements in or relating to heat exchangers |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IE45239L (en) | 1978-01-06 |
| FR2371117A2 (fr) | 1978-06-09 |
| ES460415A1 (es) | 1978-05-16 |
| LU77685A1 (enExample) | 1978-09-14 |
| NL7707518A (nl) | 1978-01-10 |
| US4272673A (en) | 1981-06-09 |
| DE2730559A1 (de) | 1978-01-12 |
| IT1078671B (it) | 1985-05-08 |
| SE7707747L (sv) | 1978-01-07 |
| JPS5334150A (en) | 1978-03-30 |
| IE45239B1 (en) | 1982-07-14 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| GB1579194A (en) | Resistance heating elements | |
| US4013987A (en) | Mica tape binder | |
| KR890000058B1 (ko) | 면상발열체(面狀發熱體)의 제조방법 | |
| US4547408A (en) | Metal-clad laminate adapted for printed circuits | |
| US3359525A (en) | Electric heating element | |
| US4808470A (en) | Heating element and method for the manufacture thereof | |
| US3740529A (en) | Heating unit | |
| KR20060034970A (ko) | 면상발열체의 제조방법 및 이에 의한 면상발열체 | |
| JP2003317904A (ja) | 面状発熱体 | |
| GB1604282A (en) | Elements which heat by convection and radiation | |
| JPH0524151Y2 (enExample) | ||
| US4637852A (en) | Neoalkoxy titanate in high density mica laminates | |
| JP3917787B2 (ja) | 面状発熱体 | |
| RU2063079C1 (ru) | Способ получения многослойного электропроводящего материала | |
| JPS62151335A (ja) | 積層板の製造方法 | |
| WO1986000571A1 (en) | High density moisture resistant mica sheet | |
| EP0179731A2 (en) | Neoalkoxy titanate in high density mica laminates | |
| JPS62923Y2 (enExample) | ||
| US4707209A (en) | Method of making high density moisture resistant mica sheet | |
| JPS58213493A (ja) | 電気絶縁基板 | |
| JPH0680803A (ja) | 樹脂含浸基材及び電気用積層板 | |
| JPH05251163A (ja) | 面状発熱体の製造方法 | |
| JPH0716089B2 (ja) | 電気用積層板 | |
| JPS587785A (ja) | 面発熱体の製造方法 | |
| JPS62157687A (ja) | 発熱素体と、それを用いた保温機器用発熱壁 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949] | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |