GB1564195A - Development corporation energy absorbing materials - Google Patents
Development corporation energy absorbing materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1564195A GB1564195A GB1707975A GB1707975A GB1564195A GB 1564195 A GB1564195 A GB 1564195A GB 1707975 A GB1707975 A GB 1707975A GB 1707975 A GB1707975 A GB 1707975A GB 1564195 A GB1564195 A GB 1564195A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- elastomer according
- elastomer
- polyurethane
- compression
- less
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 title description 14
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical group C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 4
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 18
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 aromatic isocyanate Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 240000004244 Cucurbita moschata Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000009852 Cucurbita pepo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006311 Urethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020354 squash Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000181 Ethylene propylene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002449 FKM Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QORUGOXNWQUALA-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.N=C=O.C1=CC=C(C(C2=CC=CC=C2)C2=CC=CC=C2)C=C1 Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.N=C=O.C1=CC=C(C(C2=CC=CC=C2)C2=CC=CC=C2)C=C1 QORUGOXNWQUALA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000386 athletic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001821 foam rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005903 polyol mixture Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004618 solid polyurethane elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R19/18—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2350/00—Acoustic or vibration damping material
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1707975A GB1564195A (en) | 1975-10-24 | 1975-10-24 | Development corporation energy absorbing materials |
| DE19762646529 DE2646529A1 (de) | 1975-10-24 | 1976-10-15 | Energie absorbierende materialien, insbesondere materialien fuer kfz-stossstangen und andere einrichtungen, die schutz vor beschaedigungen bieten sollen gegen stoss, schlag oder kollision und die zur absorption von schall bestimmt sind |
| JP51125078A JPS5254000A (en) | 1975-10-24 | 1976-10-20 | Process for improving energyyabsorbing material |
| IT7612858A IT1218403B (it) | 1975-10-24 | 1976-10-22 | Elastomero atto ad agire come materiale assorbitore di energia costituito da un poliuretano flessibile |
| FR7631966A FR2328727A1 (fr) | 1975-10-24 | 1976-10-22 | Materiaux absorbant l'energie, procedes pour leur fabrication et structures pour leur mise en oeuvre |
| NL7611777A NL7611777A (nl) | 1975-10-24 | 1976-10-25 | Energie-absorberende materialen. |
| AU18965/76A AU506443B2 (en) | 1975-10-24 | 1976-10-25 | Polyurethane elastomer |
| JP58065800A JPS58194913A (ja) | 1975-10-24 | 1983-04-15 | エネルギ−吸収材料の改良 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1707975A GB1564195A (en) | 1975-10-24 | 1975-10-24 | Development corporation energy absorbing materials |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1564195A true GB1564195A (en) | 1980-04-02 |
Family
ID=10088885
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1707975A Expired GB1564195A (en) | 1975-10-24 | 1975-10-24 | Development corporation energy absorbing materials |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58194913A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE2646529A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB1564195A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4346205A (en) | 1976-07-23 | 1982-08-24 | National Research Development Corporation | Energy absorbing elastomers and composites |
| GB2137215A (en) * | 1983-03-30 | 1984-10-03 | Nat Res Dev | Energy absorbing polyurethane compositions |
| US4541184A (en) * | 1983-10-13 | 1985-09-17 | Spectrum Sports, Inc. | Insole |
| US4552944A (en) * | 1983-09-22 | 1985-11-12 | Mitsui-Nisso Corporation | Process for preparing thermally stable super-soft polyurethane elastomer |
| US4777739A (en) * | 1980-08-26 | 1988-10-18 | Hamilton Kent Manufacturing Company, Inc. | Shock absorbing structures |
| US4910886A (en) * | 1983-02-28 | 1990-03-27 | Sullivan James B | Shock-absorbing innersole |
| US5787610A (en) | 1996-05-29 | 1998-08-04 | Jeffrey S. Brooks, Inc. | Footwear |
| US6854198B2 (en) | 1996-05-29 | 2005-02-15 | Jeffrey S. Brooks, Inc. | Footwear |
| WO2005028261A1 (de) * | 2003-09-02 | 2005-03-31 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Hohlkugelgefüllte deformationsbauteile oder crashstrukturen mit gradientenstruktur |
| GB2413276A (en) * | 2004-04-20 | 2005-10-26 | Rack Armour Ltd | Edge protector for pallet rack |
| USD560819S1 (en) | 2005-04-29 | 2008-01-29 | Rack Armour Limited | Column impact protector device |
| US8166674B2 (en) | 2009-08-03 | 2012-05-01 | Hbn Shoe, Llc | Footwear sole |
| US10390587B2 (en) | 2016-03-01 | 2019-08-27 | Hbn Shoe, Llc | Device for high-heeled shoes and method of constructing a high-heeled shoe |
| US10477915B2 (en) | 2016-03-01 | 2019-11-19 | Hbn Shoe, Llc | Device for high-heeled shoes and method of constructing a high-heeled shoe |
| US10702008B2 (en) | 2018-02-26 | 2020-07-07 | Hbn Shoe, Llc | Device and method of constructing shoes |
| US11540588B1 (en) | 2021-11-24 | 2023-01-03 | Hbn Shoe, Llc | Footwear insole |
| US11805850B1 (en) | 2023-07-19 | 2023-11-07 | Hbn Shoe, Llc | Cuboid pad |
| USD1082267S1 (en) | 2024-04-09 | 2025-07-08 | Hbn Shoe, Llc | Shoe insert |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6275704U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1985-10-31 | 1987-05-15 | ||
| JPS62183790A (ja) * | 1986-02-07 | 1987-08-12 | 三進興産株式会社 | クツシヨンシ−ト |
| JPS6357068A (ja) * | 1986-08-28 | 1988-03-11 | マルマンゴルフ株式会社 | ゴルフボ−ル |
| JPH027977A (ja) * | 1987-11-13 | 1990-01-11 | Hokkaido Rubber Kogyosho:Kk | 競技用ボールと競技用ボールの成型法 |
| JPH0341462U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1989-09-01 | 1991-04-19 | ||
| US5742938A (en) * | 1996-12-11 | 1998-04-28 | Rawlings Sporting Goods Company, Inc. | Batters' shin and ankle guard |
| GB2393860B (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2006-02-15 | Zap Wireless Technologies Ltd | Improvements relating to retention of rechargeable devices |
| ATE547156T1 (de) * | 2007-07-20 | 2012-03-15 | Invista Tech Sarl | Herstellung einer polyurethanschaumstoffkugel |
| JP4843591B2 (ja) * | 2007-10-12 | 2011-12-21 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 車両のドア構造 |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1069379B (de) * | 1955-03-24 | 1959-11-19 | E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, 1DeI. (V. St. A.) | Verfahren zur Herstellung homogener Kunststoffe auf Grundlage Urethangrup'pen und gegebenenfalls auch Thioärhergruppen aufweisender Polyglykoläther |
| JPS5254000A (en) * | 1975-10-24 | 1977-04-30 | Nat Res Dev | Process for improving energyyabsorbing material |
-
1975
- 1975-10-24 GB GB1707975A patent/GB1564195A/en not_active Expired
-
1976
- 1976-10-15 DE DE19762646529 patent/DE2646529A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1983
- 1983-04-15 JP JP58065800A patent/JPS58194913A/ja active Granted
Cited By (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4346205A (en) | 1976-07-23 | 1982-08-24 | National Research Development Corporation | Energy absorbing elastomers and composites |
| US4777739A (en) * | 1980-08-26 | 1988-10-18 | Hamilton Kent Manufacturing Company, Inc. | Shock absorbing structures |
| US4910886A (en) * | 1983-02-28 | 1990-03-27 | Sullivan James B | Shock-absorbing innersole |
| GB2137215A (en) * | 1983-03-30 | 1984-10-03 | Nat Res Dev | Energy absorbing polyurethane compositions |
| US4552944A (en) * | 1983-09-22 | 1985-11-12 | Mitsui-Nisso Corporation | Process for preparing thermally stable super-soft polyurethane elastomer |
| US4541184A (en) * | 1983-10-13 | 1985-09-17 | Spectrum Sports, Inc. | Insole |
| US5787610A (en) | 1996-05-29 | 1998-08-04 | Jeffrey S. Brooks, Inc. | Footwear |
| US5964046A (en) * | 1996-05-29 | 1999-10-12 | Jeffrey S. Brooks, Inc. | Footwear |
| US6854198B2 (en) | 1996-05-29 | 2005-02-15 | Jeffrey S. Brooks, Inc. | Footwear |
| WO2005028261A1 (de) * | 2003-09-02 | 2005-03-31 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Hohlkugelgefüllte deformationsbauteile oder crashstrukturen mit gradientenstruktur |
| GB2413276A (en) * | 2004-04-20 | 2005-10-26 | Rack Armour Ltd | Edge protector for pallet rack |
| GB2413272A (en) * | 2004-04-20 | 2005-10-26 | Gordon Thelwell | Protector for pallet rack |
| US8267262B2 (en) | 2004-04-20 | 2012-09-18 | Rack Armour Limited | Pallet rack impact protector |
| AU2005235782B2 (en) * | 2004-04-20 | 2008-04-10 | Rack Armour Limited | Pallet rack impact protector |
| GB2413276B (en) * | 2004-04-20 | 2008-05-28 | Rack Armour Ltd | Pallet rack impact protector |
| USD560819S1 (en) | 2005-04-29 | 2008-01-29 | Rack Armour Limited | Column impact protector device |
| US8166674B2 (en) | 2009-08-03 | 2012-05-01 | Hbn Shoe, Llc | Footwear sole |
| US10390587B2 (en) | 2016-03-01 | 2019-08-27 | Hbn Shoe, Llc | Device for high-heeled shoes and method of constructing a high-heeled shoe |
| US10477915B2 (en) | 2016-03-01 | 2019-11-19 | Hbn Shoe, Llc | Device for high-heeled shoes and method of constructing a high-heeled shoe |
| US10729205B2 (en) | 2016-03-01 | 2020-08-04 | Hbn Shoe, Llc | Device for high-heeled shoes and method of constructing a high-heeled shoe |
| US10702008B2 (en) | 2018-02-26 | 2020-07-07 | Hbn Shoe, Llc | Device and method of constructing shoes |
| US11540588B1 (en) | 2021-11-24 | 2023-01-03 | Hbn Shoe, Llc | Footwear insole |
| US11805850B1 (en) | 2023-07-19 | 2023-11-07 | Hbn Shoe, Llc | Cuboid pad |
| USD1082267S1 (en) | 2024-04-09 | 2025-07-08 | Hbn Shoe, Llc | Shoe insert |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS58194913A (ja) | 1983-11-14 |
| DE2646529A1 (de) | 1977-05-05 |
| JPH0322406B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1991-03-26 |
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Effective date: 19961018 |