GB1366148A - Electrical panel heater - Google Patents

Electrical panel heater

Info

Publication number
GB1366148A
GB1366148A GB5972071A GB5972071A GB1366148A GB 1366148 A GB1366148 A GB 1366148A GB 5972071 A GB5972071 A GB 5972071A GB 5972071 A GB5972071 A GB 5972071A GB 1366148 A GB1366148 A GB 1366148A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
mat
liquid
glass fibre
panel
parting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB5972071A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wredden J V H
Original Assignee
Wredden J V H
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wredden J V H filed Critical Wredden J V H
Priority to GB5972071A priority Critical patent/GB1366148A/en
Publication of GB1366148A publication Critical patent/GB1366148A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B23/00—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose
    • B32B23/10—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/18—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/28—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer comprising a deformed thin sheet, i.e. the layer having its entire thickness deformed out of the plane, e.g. corrugated, crumpled
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2309/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2303/00 - B29K2307/00, as reinforcement
    • B29K2309/08—Glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B32B2307/206—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2607/00—Walls, panels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/033—Heater including particular mechanical reinforcing means

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

1366148 Panel heater J V H WREDDEN 8 Nov 1972 [22 Dec 1971] 59720/71 Heading H5H [Also in Division B5] A panel heater is produced by applying a parting film to a smooth support, e.g. a glass surface, having the required profile of the panel, placing on the parting film a first layer of chopped strand mat of E-glass fibre, placing on the mat a resistive element having a substantially uniform power output per unit area, flooding the first mat and the element with a liquid thermosetting plastics material, placing over the element while the liquid is still wet a second layer of chopped strand mat of E-glass fibre, flooding the second mat with the thermosetting plastics material, covering the second mat while the liquid is still wet with a second parting film, squeezing out air and excess liquid trapped between the two films, and leaving the assembly on the support, until the liquid has set sufficiently to allow the panel so formed to be removed without risk of damage and the parting films detached. Air bubbles and excess plastics liquid may be squeezed out manually, a margin of about 6 inches width of the parting films preferably being left around the edges of the mats and during the squeezing out, the margins being squeezed flat against one another to provide an air-tight seal around the assembly so that the risk of air being drawn back into it if the volume of liquid contracts during hardening is lessened. The resistive element may comprise a woven open mesh glass fibre fabric having deposited thereon a layer of graphite carbon or a carbon woven sheet or paper, and the parting film may be of Cellophane (Registered Trade Mark). Two resistance elements may be provided each having border electrode strips stapled to one pair of opposite sides and each provided with its own thermostat electrically connected in series with the element, terminals being provided in the panel for making external circuit connections. Each thermostat may be sandwiched between two small pieces of E-glass fibre mat, one of which separates the thermostat from the resistive element and the second of which separates it from the second chopped strand mat of E-glass fibre. The panel heater may be used in a processing tank.
GB5972071A 1972-11-08 1972-11-08 Electrical panel heater Expired GB1366148A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5972071A GB1366148A (en) 1972-11-08 1972-11-08 Electrical panel heater

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5972071A GB1366148A (en) 1972-11-08 1972-11-08 Electrical panel heater

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1366148A true GB1366148A (en) 1974-09-11

Family

ID=10484299

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB5972071A Expired GB1366148A (en) 1972-11-08 1972-11-08 Electrical panel heater

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB1366148A (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0184520A2 (en) * 1984-12-07 1986-06-11 Constructions Mecaniques De Normandie Methods of making moulds for hulls and similar thin articles, and moulds obtained thereby
FR2691400A1 (en) * 1992-05-21 1993-11-26 Faure Bertrand Automobile Heated mould tools - have layer of conducting carbon fibres, parallel, equidistant, connected to low voltage via bar terminals giving uniform reproducible heating
FR2764679A1 (en) * 1997-06-17 1998-12-18 Lmca Les Materiaux Composites Lightweight rigid heating panel for heating walls or floors or for military uses
NL1014620C2 (en) * 2000-03-13 2001-09-14 Inventum B V Heating element and method of manufacturing it.

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0184520A2 (en) * 1984-12-07 1986-06-11 Constructions Mecaniques De Normandie Methods of making moulds for hulls and similar thin articles, and moulds obtained thereby
EP0184520A3 (en) * 1984-12-07 1987-08-26 Constructions Mecaniques De Normandie Methods of making moulds for hulls and similar thin articles, and moulds obtained thereby
FR2691400A1 (en) * 1992-05-21 1993-11-26 Faure Bertrand Automobile Heated mould tools - have layer of conducting carbon fibres, parallel, equidistant, connected to low voltage via bar terminals giving uniform reproducible heating
FR2764679A1 (en) * 1997-06-17 1998-12-18 Lmca Les Materiaux Composites Lightweight rigid heating panel for heating walls or floors or for military uses
NL1014620C2 (en) * 2000-03-13 2001-09-14 Inventum B V Heating element and method of manufacturing it.
WO2001069976A1 (en) * 2000-03-13 2001-09-20 Inventum B.V. Heating element and method for manufacturing it

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PS Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949]
PLNP Patent lapsed through nonpayment of renewal fees