GB1312498A - Liquid container apparatus - Google Patents

Liquid container apparatus

Info

Publication number
GB1312498A
GB1312498A GB5993870A GB5993870A GB1312498A GB 1312498 A GB1312498 A GB 1312498A GB 5993870 A GB5993870 A GB 5993870A GB 5993870 A GB5993870 A GB 5993870A GB 1312498 A GB1312498 A GB 1312498A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
liquid container
container apparatus
tube
liquid
damon
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB5993870A
Other languages
English (en)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Damon Corp
Original Assignee
Damon Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Damon Corp filed Critical Damon Corp
Publication of GB1312498A publication Critical patent/GB1312498A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
    • A61J1/00—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes
    • A61J1/05—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes for collecting, storing or administering blood, plasma or medical fluids ; Infusion or perfusion containers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150015—Source of blood
    • A61B5/150022—Source of blood for capillary blood or interstitial fluid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150053—Details for enhanced collection of blood or interstitial fluid at the sample site, e.g. by applying compression, heat, vibration, ultrasound, suction or vacuum to tissue; for reduction of pain or discomfort; Skin piercing elements, e.g. blades, needles, lancets or canulas, with adjustable piercing speed
    • A61B5/150061—Means for enhancing collection
    • A61B5/150099—Means for enhancing collection by negative pressure, other than vacuum extraction into a syringe by pulling on the piston rod or into pre-evacuated tubes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150206—Construction or design features not otherwise provided for; manufacturing or production; packages; sterilisation of piercing element, piercing device or sampling device
    • A61B5/150251—Collection chamber divided into at least two compartments, e.g. for division of samples
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150206—Construction or design features not otherwise provided for; manufacturing or production; packages; sterilisation of piercing element, piercing device or sampling device
    • A61B5/150259—Improved gripping, e.g. with high friction pattern or projections on the housing surface or an ergonometric shape
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150206—Construction or design features not otherwise provided for; manufacturing or production; packages; sterilisation of piercing element, piercing device or sampling device
    • A61B5/150274—Manufacture or production processes or steps for blood sampling devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150343—Collection vessels for collecting blood samples from the skin surface, e.g. test tubes, cuvettes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150755—Blood sample preparation for further analysis, e.g. by separating blood components or by mixing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150763—Details with identification means
    • A61B5/150786—Optical identification systems, e.g. bar codes, colour codes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150946—Means for varying, regulating, indicating or limiting the speed or time of blood collection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/24—Dialysis ; Membrane extraction
    • B01D61/28—Apparatus therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/150007—Details
    • A61B5/150206—Construction or design features not otherwise provided for; manufacturing or production; packages; sterilisation of piercing element, piercing device or sampling device
    • A61B5/150229—Pumps for assisting the blood sampling
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/15—Devices for taking samples of blood
    • A61B5/153—Devices specially adapted for taking samples of venous or arterial blood, e.g. with syringes
    • A61B5/154—Devices using pre-evacuated means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
    • A61J1/00—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes
    • A61J1/05—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes for collecting, storing or administering blood, plasma or medical fluids ; Infusion or perfusion containers
    • A61J1/10—Bag-type containers
    • A61J1/12—Bag-type containers with means for holding samples of contents

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
GB5993870A 1970-08-20 1970-12-17 Liquid container apparatus Expired GB1312498A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US6554070A 1970-08-20 1970-08-20
US6976770A 1970-09-04 1970-09-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1312498A true GB1312498A (en) 1973-04-04

Family

ID=26745706

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB5993870A Expired GB1312498A (en) 1970-08-20 1970-12-17 Liquid container apparatus

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (2) US3640388A (https=)
JP (1) JPS4923429B1 (https=)
AU (1) AU2337570A (https=)
BE (1) BE763805A (https=)
BR (1) BR7102250D0 (https=)
CA (2) CA933126A (https=)
CH (1) CH543084A (https=)
DE (1) DE2101423A1 (https=)
DK (1) DK124170B (https=)
FR (1) FR2101378A5 (https=)
GB (1) GB1312498A (https=)
NL (1) NL7101448A (https=)
ZA (1) ZA708336B (https=)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2136314A (en) * 1983-03-14 1984-09-19 Gelman Sciences Inc Filter and Method for Obtaining Blood Plasma Samples
GB2297926A (en) * 1995-02-17 1996-08-21 Hats Ltd Diagnostic test-tube

Families Citing this family (66)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3774762A (en) * 1971-01-20 1973-11-27 E Lichtenstein Analogue fluid flow programming structures
US3817379A (en) * 1972-07-10 1974-06-18 Amicon Corp Disposable liquid concentrating device
US3906935A (en) * 1973-06-29 1975-09-23 Gard Ind Inc Medical fluid drainage and sampling system
US3933439A (en) * 1974-04-29 1976-01-20 Mcdonald Bernard Blood collection device
US3976574A (en) * 1974-11-04 1976-08-24 Cobe Laboratories, Inc. Negative pressure control system
US4231871A (en) * 1977-06-10 1980-11-04 Cordis Dow Corp. Artificial kidney and method for making same
US4134730A (en) * 1977-09-20 1979-01-16 Quame Babington A Spotting systems and methods pertaining thereto
US4276175A (en) * 1979-07-19 1981-06-30 Bower John D Regeneratable peritoneal dialysis bag
US4426295A (en) 1981-09-28 1984-01-17 Evans Deborah A Cell suspension chamber process
US4416290A (en) * 1982-08-30 1983-11-22 Becton Dickinson And Company Multiple sample needle assembly with vein indication
EP0112094B1 (en) * 1982-11-30 1987-06-03 Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. Apparatus for blood treatment
US4637917A (en) * 1983-10-14 1987-01-20 Reed Charles C Bubble oxygenator
US4879098A (en) * 1985-01-25 1989-11-07 Becton, Dickinson And Company Device for the separation of the lighter fraction from the heavier fraction of a liquid sample
US4774955A (en) * 1986-06-04 1988-10-04 Solutech, Inc. Programmable dialyzer system analyzer and method of use
US4726381A (en) * 1986-06-04 1988-02-23 Solutech, Inc. Dialysis system and method
US4765339A (en) * 1986-06-04 1988-08-23 Solutech, Inc. Closed loop dialysis system
US4763658A (en) * 1986-06-04 1988-08-16 Solutech, Inc. Dialysis system 2nd method
US4790979A (en) * 1986-08-29 1988-12-13 Technimed Corporation Test strip and fixture
DE3931659A1 (de) * 1988-10-12 1990-04-19 Martin Rahe Einrichtung zur aufnahme unkontrollierbar ausgeschiedenen urins
EP0729728A1 (de) * 1995-02-28 1996-09-04 AVL Medical Instruments AG Blutentnahmegerät
US5879367A (en) * 1995-09-08 1999-03-09 Integ, Inc. Enhanced interstitial fluid collection
USD409758S (en) * 1998-01-14 1999-05-11 Accumetrics Sample cartridge
US6120464A (en) * 1998-10-16 2000-09-19 Integ, Inc. Needle assembly for fluid sampler
WO2000034775A1 (fr) * 1998-12-08 2000-06-15 Cohen Andre Dispositif jetable pour le prelevement d'un liquide biologique ou mineral avec detection et/ou dosage d'un parametre bien defini
JP2000202023A (ja) * 1999-01-19 2000-07-25 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd 血液濾過器
US6612111B1 (en) * 2000-03-27 2003-09-02 Lifescan, Inc. Method and device for sampling and analyzing interstitial fluid and whole blood samples
US7310543B2 (en) * 2001-03-26 2007-12-18 Kumetrix, Inc. Silicon microprobe with integrated biosensor
DE10134650B4 (de) 2001-07-20 2009-12-03 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh System zur Entnahme kleiner Körperflüssigkeitsmengen
US20030039587A1 (en) * 2001-08-22 2003-02-27 Volker Niermann Transfer device
US6660527B2 (en) * 2002-03-28 2003-12-09 David Karl Stroup Fluid-transfer collection assembly and method of using the same
US7815579B2 (en) * 2005-03-02 2010-10-19 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. Dynamic integrated lancing test strip with sterility cover
US7935063B2 (en) * 2005-03-02 2011-05-03 Roche Diagnostics Operations, Inc. System and method for breaking a sterility seal to engage a lancet
WO2007001739A1 (en) 2005-06-22 2007-01-04 Gambro Bct, Inc. Apparatus and method for separating discrete volumes of a composite liquid
US8016736B2 (en) * 2006-10-20 2011-09-13 Caridianbct Biotechnologies, Llc Methods for washing a red blood cell component and for removing prions therefrom
EP2326935A4 (en) * 2008-08-26 2012-09-26 Infusion Innovations Inc FINGER-LIKE FLUID TRANSFER COLLECTION ASSEMBLY AND METHOD OF USING THE SAME
WO2010025284A2 (en) * 2008-08-29 2010-03-04 Infusion Innnovations, Inc Fluid-transfer collection assembly including breakable vial and method of using same
WO2010025282A2 (en) * 2008-08-29 2010-03-04 Infusion Innnovations, Inc Check valve-less fluid-transfer collection assembly and method of using the same
EP2451501B1 (en) * 2009-07-06 2013-05-01 Terumo BCT, Inc. Apparatus and method for automatically loading washing solution in a multi-unit blood processor
US8840535B2 (en) 2010-05-27 2014-09-23 Terumo Bct, Inc. Multi-unit blood processor with temperature sensing
US9194771B2 (en) 2011-05-23 2015-11-24 Craig Intelisano Passive diffusion sampler
US9733805B2 (en) 2012-06-26 2017-08-15 Terumo Bct, Inc. Generating procedures for entering data prior to separating a liquid into components
US20140073992A1 (en) * 2012-09-12 2014-03-13 The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. Apparatus and method for manually powered bodily fluid extraction
USD719852S1 (en) * 2012-10-15 2014-12-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fluid delivery device
WO2014172241A1 (en) 2013-04-15 2014-10-23 Becton, Dickinson And Company Biological fluid sampling transfer device and biological fluid separation and testing system
CA2909229C (en) * 2013-04-15 2020-08-18 Becton, Dickinson And Company Biological fluid collection device and biological fluid separation and testing system
ES2950153T3 (es) 2013-04-15 2023-10-05 Becton Dickinson Co Sistema de toma de muestras de fluidos biológicos
EP3135377A1 (en) 2013-04-15 2017-03-01 Becton, Dickinson and Company Biological fluid collection device and biological fluid separation and testing system
JP6101400B2 (ja) 2013-04-15 2017-03-22 ベクトン・ディキンソン・アンド・カンパニーＢｅｃｔｏｎ， Ｄｉｃｋｉｎｓｏｎ Ａｎｄ Ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ 血液サンプリング移送デバイスならびに血液分離および検査実施システム
CA3005826C (en) * 2013-04-15 2021-11-23 Becton, Dickinson And Company Biological fluid collection device and biological fluid separation and testing system
BR112015026154B1 (pt) 2013-04-15 2022-05-10 Becton, Dickinson And Company Dispositivo de amostragem de fluido biólogico engatável com um dispositivo de acesso vascular separado e montagem de coleta e amostragem de fluido biológico
BR112015026234B1 (pt) 2013-04-15 2022-02-08 Becton, Dickinson And Company Dispositivo de separação de fluido biológico e sistema de separação de fluido biológico
EP2986220B1 (en) 2013-04-15 2017-02-01 Becton, Dickinson and Company Biological fluid collection device and biological fluid collection and testing system
EP2986222B1 (en) 2013-04-15 2017-12-13 Becton, Dickinson and Company Biological fluid sampling transfer device and biological fluid separation and testing system
CA2909233C (en) 2013-04-15 2019-10-22 Becton, Dickinson And Company Biological fluid separation device and biological fluid separation and testing system
ES2654897T3 (es) 2013-04-15 2018-02-15 Becton, Dickinson And Company Sistema de separación y de análisis de fluidos biológicos
WO2014172247A1 (en) 2013-04-15 2014-10-23 Becton, Dickinson And Company Blood sampling transfer device
US9408568B2 (en) 2013-04-15 2016-08-09 Becton, Dickinson And Company Biological fluid sampling device
US10004841B2 (en) 2013-12-09 2018-06-26 Michael C. Larson Blood purifier device and method
WO2017001922A1 (en) * 2015-07-02 2017-01-05 Marc Andrew Koska Biological sample collection device
KR102557768B1 (ko) 2015-07-02 2023-07-20 코스카 패밀리 리미티드 재구성 가능 작용제로 미리 충진된 일회용 전달 장치
ES2796491T3 (es) 2015-08-06 2020-11-27 Becton Dickinson Co Dispositivo de recogida de fluidos biológicos
WO2017187262A1 (en) 2016-04-25 2017-11-02 Marc Andrew Koska Medical delivery system
EP3710086A4 (en) 2017-11-17 2021-11-17 Koska Family Limited SYSTEMS AND PROCEDURES FOR LIQUID DISPENSER
US12544511B2 (en) 2018-06-20 2026-02-10 Koska Family Limited Systems and methods for pre-filled dual-chamber medical agent delivery
USD1052082S1 (en) 2020-06-01 2024-11-19 Koska Family Limited Sealed fluid container
USD992110S1 (en) 2021-08-10 2023-07-11 Koska Family Limited Sealed fluid container

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2765923A (en) * 1953-04-03 1956-10-09 Milan V Novak Blood filter
NL135023C (https=) * 1958-03-13
GB1084079A (https=) * 1964-11-30 Beckman Instruments Inc
US3459176A (en) * 1966-06-24 1969-08-05 Beckman Instruments Inc Apparatus and method of sampling a dialyzable component of blood
US3485751A (en) * 1967-01-06 1969-12-23 Walter L Herrmann Dialyzer apparatus and method
US3507146A (en) * 1968-02-09 1970-04-21 Webb James E Method and system for respiration analysis

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2136314A (en) * 1983-03-14 1984-09-19 Gelman Sciences Inc Filter and Method for Obtaining Blood Plasma Samples
GB2297926A (en) * 1995-02-17 1996-08-21 Hats Ltd Diagnostic test-tube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR7102250D0 (pt) 1973-04-12
JPS4923429B1 (https=) 1974-06-15
NL7101448A (https=) 1972-02-22
DE2101423A1 (https=) 1972-02-24
AU2337570A (en) 1972-06-22
US3640388A (en) 1972-02-08
US3640393A (en) 1972-02-08
CH543084A (de) 1973-10-15
DK124170B (da) 1972-09-25
BE763805A (fr) 1971-09-06
CA933892A (en) 1973-09-18
CA933126A (en) 1973-09-04
ZA708336B (en) 1971-09-29
FR2101378A5 (https=) 1972-03-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
GB1312498A (en) Liquid container apparatus
JPS57184968A (en) Appliance for sampling and transporting medical specimen
GB1303544A (https=)
GB1345679A (en) Device for use in phase separation in liquid-liquid extraction
AU590858B2 (en) Device for analyzing a liquid sample
GB1362398A (en) Sampling devices
ES8203772A1 (es) Un dispositivo de contenedor de recogida para recoger,trans-portar y entregar un liquido biologico
IE43530L (en) Collecting blood sample
FR2325920B1 (https=)
CH610103A5 (en) Process for preparing a liquid to be measured from a sample, especially for photometric studies
ES472953A1 (es) Perfeccionamientos en los aparatos para el tratamiento de fluidos
ES267291U (es) "una disposicion de agujas de muestras multiples para determinar la entrada en una vena".
GB1529252A (en) Pipette device
GB1315467A (en) Method for indicating an assay of the bacterio-logical content of a sample fluid
GB1066164A (en) Serum separation apparatus and method
GB1254375A (en) Liquid sampling device
JPS5568357A (en) Device for extracting capillary blood
FR2071052A5 (en) Liquid sampling technique - to provide exact portions - without contamination of appts
ES8401623A1 (es) Perfeccionamientos en un dispositivo para la toma de muestras liquidas especialmente radioactivas.
GB1318909A (en) Method and apparatus for taking samples of liquid media
GB1416548A (en) Method of comparing radioactive concentrations
FR2289165A1 (en) Urine vol. measurement equipment - has support for urine bag connected to measuring device
FR2142637A1 (en) Plastic sample table - for use with automatic analysers
GB899329A (en) Negative pressure unit for blood sampling
GB1385576A (en) Apparatus for sampling blood and separating plasma under anaerobic conditions

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PS Patent sealed [section 19, patents act 1949]
PLNP Patent lapsed through nonpayment of renewal fees