GB1304092A - - Google Patents

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Publication number
GB1304092A
GB1304092A GB702270A GB702270A GB1304092A GB 1304092 A GB1304092 A GB 1304092A GB 702270 A GB702270 A GB 702270A GB 702270 A GB702270 A GB 702270A GB 1304092 A GB1304092 A GB 1304092A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
unit
cells
temperature
switch
electrode potential
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB702270A
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed filed Critical
Publication of GB1304092A publication Critical patent/GB1304092A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04186—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of liquid-charged or electrolyte-charged reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H01M8/04231—Purging of the reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04276—Arrangements for managing the electrolyte stream, e.g. heat exchange
    • H01M8/04283—Supply means of electrolyte to or in matrix-fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
    • H01M8/04365—Temperature; Ambient temperature of other components of a fuel cell or fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04395—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04537—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04544—Voltage
    • H01M8/04552—Voltage of the individual fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04701—Temperature
    • H01M8/04731—Temperature of other components of a fuel cell or fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04858—Electric variables
    • H01M8/04895—Current
    • H01M8/0491—Current of fuel cell stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04955—Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04037—Electrical heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/249—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

1304092 Automatic control of fuel cells ROBERT BOSCH GmbH 13 Feb 1970 [15 Feb 1969] 7022/70 Heading G3R [Also in Division H1] A fuel cell unit comprises two fuel cells 1, an oxygen bottle 3 and control valve 14, a fuel/ electrolyte reservoir 4 having outputs controlled by pumps 5 and an input controlled by an oxygen outlet valve 16, and an electronic control device 2 which receives signals of the output voltage and current of the unit (from members 11, 12), of the temperature of the cells (from thermistors 22) and of the electrode potentials of the cells (from specially prepared and individual cells fitted into fuel cells), the unit being maintained in its optimum operating condition by the action of the device 2 to control the following regulating processes: - (1) actuation of the pumps 5 by a temperature controller 21, for a period determined by an electronic time switch 27, when the temperature exceeds a nominal value at which the cells are to be maintained, (2) actuation of the pumps 5 by a potential monitor 28 when the electrode potential falls below a pre-set value and valve 16 has been opened (see process (4) below), (3) actuation of the pumps 5 by the switch 27 at time intervals controlled by the power output of the unit, this action only occurring if the operating temperature is below the nominal value and thus process (1) does not occur, or if the electrode potential is such that process (2) does not occur, (4) opening of the valve 16, for a period determined by the time switch 27, at time intervals determined by the power output of the unit and/or the electrode potential according to whether the latter falls below the pre-set value or the former exceeds a pre-set value. If neither of these two conditions occurs the valve 16 is opened at fixed time intervals by the switch 27, and (5) operation of a conventional switching voltage regulator 26 to maintain the output voltage of the unit at a predetermined value. In addition to the above processes, the device 2 also serves to switch a current limiting resistor 30 in series with the load if the power taken from the unit exceeds an upper limit; to regulate an electronically controlled load circuit 24 which rapidly brings the cells to their working temperature; and to isolate the unit from the (normal) load and switch off the whole control system by way of a relay 29, in the event of:- (a) processes (2) and (4) failing to restore the electrode potential to its pre-set value or (b) process (1) failing to restore the cell temperature to its nominal value, a condition which is detected by an excess temperature monitor 31. The setting of the controller 21 is dependent on the setting of an output stage switch 20, whereby each power output of the unit )over a specific range) has a corresponding optimum working temperature, and vice versa. A heating current controller 25 operates in conjunction with members 21, 24 to obtain the maximum permissible current for the prevailing temperature during rapid heating of the cells. The method of putting the unit into operation and rapid heating-up is described. The special cells for measuring the electrode potential have a high sensitivity attained by reducing the catalyst content of the electrodes to about 40% of the customary quantity.
GB702270A 1969-02-15 1970-02-13 Expired GB1304092A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691907737 DE1907737A1 (en) 1969-02-15 1969-02-15 Method for regulating a fuel cell unit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB1304092A true GB1304092A (en) 1973-01-24

Family

ID=5725410

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB702270A Expired GB1304092A (en) 1969-02-15 1970-02-13

Country Status (5)

Country Link
CH (1) CH508285A (en)
DE (1) DE1907737A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2032734A5 (en)
GB (1) GB1304092A (en)
SE (1) SE357102B (en)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2782845A1 (en) * 1998-08-28 2000-03-03 Peugeot Fuel cell system eliminating the need for electrical converters for the auxiliary devices necessary for the functioning of the fuel cell
WO2001048848A2 (en) * 1999-12-23 2001-07-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fuel cell system for use as a drive unit for a vehicle
WO2001052339A1 (en) * 2000-01-08 2001-07-19 Daimlerchrysler Ag Liquid-fuel-cell system
EP1280218A1 (en) * 2001-07-27 2003-01-29 Abb Research Ltd. Method for adjusting the methanol concentration in direct methanol fuel cells
WO2004032265A2 (en) * 2002-09-30 2004-04-15 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Cell unit having fuel cell, electronic apparatus having fuel cell, and controlling method of operation of fuel cell in multi-step manner for efficient operation
EP1416564A2 (en) * 2002-08-16 2004-05-06 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Fuel cell apparatus
EP1445816A1 (en) * 2003-01-10 2004-08-11 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Electronic apparatus system, and operation control method
WO2006045020A2 (en) * 2004-10-20 2006-04-27 Ballard Power Systems Inc. Fuel cell system method and apparatus
US7067734B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2006-06-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Cable modem module and transmitter-receiver
WO2005011038A3 (en) * 2003-07-25 2006-08-10 Nissan Motor Device and method for controlling fuel cell and fuel cell system
US7159236B2 (en) 2000-06-30 2007-01-02 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Transmission/reception integrated radio-frequency apparatus
US7207106B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2007-04-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Method of assembling cable modem device
US7216246B2 (en) 2003-02-28 2007-05-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Electronic apparatus and supply power setting method for the apparatus
US7247399B2 (en) 2003-01-21 2007-07-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Electronic apparatus and method of controlling operation of the same
US7348759B2 (en) 2002-12-27 2008-03-25 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Electronic apparatus, electronic apparatus system, and operation mode switching method
US7485990B2 (en) 2003-02-28 2009-02-03 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Electronic apparatus, feed switch controlling method and feed switch setting method for electronic apparatus

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3043692C2 (en) * 1980-11-19 1985-07-11 Ingenieurkontor Luebeck Prof. Gabler Nachf. Gmbh, 2400 Luebeck DC electrical power source
GB2129237B (en) * 1982-10-21 1986-06-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp Fuel cell protection circuits
US5332630A (en) * 1991-11-04 1994-07-26 Hsu Michael S On-board recharging system for battery powered electric vehicles
DE4322765C1 (en) † 1993-07-08 1994-06-16 Daimler Benz Ag Dynamic power regulation system for vehicle electric drive unit - regulates power output delivered by fuel cell using correction of oxidant mass flow rate
US5773162A (en) * 1993-10-12 1998-06-30 California Institute Of Technology Direct methanol feed fuel cell and system
DE4338178C2 (en) * 1993-11-09 2003-04-30 Aeg Energietechnik Gmbh Arrangement for monitoring the condition of fuel cell modules
JP3111787B2 (en) * 1994-01-20 2000-11-27 富士電機株式会社 Fuel cell power generator and start-up method thereof
DE4438860A1 (en) * 1994-11-02 1996-05-09 Herbert Wiederoder Raisable glass wall with glass panel

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2782845A1 (en) * 1998-08-28 2000-03-03 Peugeot Fuel cell system eliminating the need for electrical converters for the auxiliary devices necessary for the functioning of the fuel cell
WO2001048848A2 (en) * 1999-12-23 2001-07-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fuel cell system for use as a drive unit for a vehicle
WO2001048848A3 (en) * 1999-12-23 2002-04-25 Emitec Emissionstechnologie Fuel cell system for use as a drive unit for a vehicle
WO2001052339A1 (en) * 2000-01-08 2001-07-19 Daimlerchrysler Ag Liquid-fuel-cell system
US7680509B2 (en) 2000-06-30 2010-03-16 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Transmission/reception integrated radio-frequency apparatus
US7159236B2 (en) 2000-06-30 2007-01-02 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Transmission/reception integrated radio-frequency apparatus
EP1280218A1 (en) * 2001-07-27 2003-01-29 Abb Research Ltd. Method for adjusting the methanol concentration in direct methanol fuel cells
WO2003012904A2 (en) * 2001-07-27 2003-02-13 Abb Research Ltd Method for controlling the methanol concentration in direct methanol fuel cells
WO2003012904A3 (en) * 2001-07-27 2003-09-25 Abb Research Ltd Method for controlling the methanol concentration in direct methanol fuel cells
EP1416564A3 (en) * 2002-08-16 2006-06-07 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Fuel cell apparatus
US7491457B2 (en) 2002-08-16 2009-02-17 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Fuel cell apparatus
EP1416564A2 (en) * 2002-08-16 2004-05-06 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Fuel cell apparatus
WO2004032265A2 (en) * 2002-09-30 2004-04-15 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Cell unit having fuel cell, electronic apparatus having fuel cell, and controlling method of operation of fuel cell in multi-step manner for efficient operation
WO2004032265A3 (en) * 2002-09-30 2005-02-24 Toshiba Kk Cell unit having fuel cell, electronic apparatus having fuel cell, and controlling method of operation of fuel cell in multi-step manner for efficient operation
US7348759B2 (en) 2002-12-27 2008-03-25 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Electronic apparatus, electronic apparatus system, and operation mode switching method
EP1445816A1 (en) * 2003-01-10 2004-08-11 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Electronic apparatus system, and operation control method
US7247399B2 (en) 2003-01-21 2007-07-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Electronic apparatus and method of controlling operation of the same
US7485990B2 (en) 2003-02-28 2009-02-03 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Electronic apparatus, feed switch controlling method and feed switch setting method for electronic apparatus
US7216246B2 (en) 2003-02-28 2007-05-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Electronic apparatus and supply power setting method for the apparatus
US7207106B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2007-04-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Method of assembling cable modem device
US7450392B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2008-11-11 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Cable modem device and method of assembling the same
US7067734B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2006-06-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Cable modem module and transmitter-receiver
WO2005011038A3 (en) * 2003-07-25 2006-08-10 Nissan Motor Device and method for controlling fuel cell and fuel cell system
US8247122B2 (en) 2003-07-25 2012-08-21 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Device and method for controlling fuel cell system with vibration amplitude detection
US8679690B2 (en) 2003-07-25 2014-03-25 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Device and method for controlling fuel cell system having oxygen concentration transient reduction
WO2006045020A3 (en) * 2004-10-20 2006-10-19 Ballard Power Systems Fuel cell system method and apparatus
WO2006045020A2 (en) * 2004-10-20 2006-04-27 Ballard Power Systems Inc. Fuel cell system method and apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1907737A1 (en) 1970-08-20
FR2032734A5 (en) 1970-11-27
SE357102B (en) 1973-06-12
CH508285A (en) 1971-05-31

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PS Patent sealed
PLNP Patent lapsed through nonpayment of renewal fees