FR3116308A1 - System for capturing energy from a fluid stream - Google Patents

Abstract

System (1) for capturing energy from a fluid stream (2) comprising- a rotor (3) rotatably mounted in a stator (4) around a first axis (31) of rotation;- the stator ( 4) comprising a plurality of guide vanes (41) arranged around the rotor (3); - said plurality of guide vanes (41) comprising - a first guide vane mounted rotatably around a second axis of rotation parallel to said first axis (31) of rotation, this first guide vane being capable of passing, by rotation through a first angle, from a first position to a second position;- a second guide vane mounted so as to be able to rotate about a third axis of rotation parallel to said first axis of rotation, this second guide vane being capable of passing, by rotation through a second angle, from a third position to a fourth position. Figure for the abstract: Fig.1

Description

System for capturing energy from a fluid stream

The present invention generally relates to systems configured to capture the energy of a fluid stream along an axis of rotation transverse to the fluid stream, such as wind turbines or vertical-axis marine turbines.

These systems comprise a rotor equipped with a plurality of blades which is rotatably mounted in a stator around an axis of rotation transverse to the flow of fluid. The impact of a flow of the fluid stream on the surfaces of the blades causes the rotor to rotate. The mechanical energy thus produced from the kinetic energy of the fluid can either be used directly or, more often, used to drive a generator to produce electricity.

In order to improve the performance of these systems, the stator may include guide vanes arranged at equal angular intervals around the rotor in order to guide and direct the fluid stream onto the blades of the rotor.

Existing systems are not without drawbacks and can still be improved.

A major drawback of these systems is that they generally require high speed fluid currents. This limits, of course, their sites of implantation, their range of use and, consequently, also their efficiency. This problem arises in particular for vertical axis wind turbines in an urban environment where space is restricted and/or the wind there is often of low speed or swirling because of the numerous obstacles which it encounters in its course.

Furthermore, a high-speed fluid current can cause the stator to oscillate, becoming a source of mechanical and sound vibrations that disturb the surrounding environment. It is also a question of the safety and mechanical reliability of these systems over time, which can be put to the test by the force of the fluid current in an environment that is always unstable. Violent or swirling winds are, in fact, often the cause of several technical failures or loss of performance.

An object of the present invention is to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks.

Another object of the present invention is to improve the efficiency and reliability over time of a vertical axis wind turbine.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a vertical axis wind turbine capable of starting at low wind speed.

Another object of the present invention is to maximize the mechanical energy capable of being extracted from a fluid stream.

To this end, it is proposed, first, a system for capturing the energy of a fluid stream comprising
- a stator;
- a rotor rotatably mounted in the stator around a first axis of rotation, the rotor being equipped with a plurality of blades, said first axis of rotation being intended to be substantially transverse to the flow of fluid;
- the stator comprising a plurality of guide vanes arranged around the rotor;
- said plurality of guide vanes comprises at least
- a first guide vane mounted mobile in rotation around a second axis of rotation substantially parallel to said first axis of rotation, this first guide vane being adapted to pass, by rotation of a first predefined angle around said second axis of rotation, d a first position to a second position;
- a second guide vane mounted mobile in rotation around a third axis of rotation substantially parallel to said first axis of rotation, this second guide vane being adapted to pass, by rotation of a second predefined angle different from said first angle around said third axis of rotation, from a third position to a fourth position.

.Various additional features can be provided, alone or in combination:
- In the first position, the first guide vane is substantially perpendicular to a radial plane comprising the first axis of rotation and the second axis of rotation;
- the system further comprises a fluid stream direction sensor intended to detect a direction of the incident fluid stream on the system, said first angle being determined at least as a function of the detected direction of the fluid stream;
- the system further comprises a rotor rotation speed sensor intended to measure a rotation speed of the rotor, said first angle being determined at least as a function of the measured rotation speed of the rotor;
the system further comprises a stator vibration sensor for measuring a stator vibration signal, said first angle being determined at least as a function of the measured vibration signal;
- The first guide vane extends on either side of the second axis of rotation;
- said plurality of guide vanes is rotatably mounted around said first axis of rotation;
- when the guide vanes of said plurality of guide vanes are, respectively, at the first position, said plurality of guide vanes form a cylinder centered on said first axis of rotation;
- the system is a vertical axis wind turbine.

Secondly, a vehicle comprising the system presented above is proposed.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly and concretely on reading the following description of embodiments, which is made with reference to the appended drawings in which:

the figure schematically illustrates a system for capturing the energy of a fluid current along an axis of rotation transverse to this fluid current according to various embodiments;

the figure is a schematic sectional view of elements of the system for capturing energy from a fluid stream according to various embodiments;

the figure schematically illustrates a vertical axis wind turbine according to various embodiments;

the figure schematically illustrates a vehicle comprising a system for capturing energy from a fluid stream according to various embodiments.

Referring to the appended figures, there is displayed a system 1 for capturing the energy of a stream 2 of fluid (or fluid flow). This fluid can be a moving gas or liquid such as air (wind) or liquid water (rivers, ocean currents).

The capture system 1 comprises a rotor 3 (or a turbine) having an axis 31 of rotation. The rotor 3 is intended to be arranged so that its axis 31 of rotation is substantially transverse to the stream 2 of fluid. In other words, the capture system 1 is configured to be arranged so that the fluid stream 2 approaches the rotor 3 laterally in a direction that is not collinear with its axis 31 of rotation. More generally, fluid stream 2 comprises at least one non-zero component substantially perpendicular to axis 31 of rotation of rotor 3 . When the fluid stream 2 is substantially horizontal, which is generally the case, the system 1 is said to be “vertical-axis” such as a vertical-axis wind turbine or a vertical-axis tidal turbine.

The rotor 3 is equipped with a plurality of blades 32 . The system 1 uses the impact of a flow of the current 2 of fluid on the surfaces of the blades 32 to capture the kinetic energy of the fluid and convert it, via the rotation of the rotor 3 , into mechanical energy. The blades 32 of the rotor 3 have aerodynamic profiles substantially perpendicular or parallel to the axis 31 of rotation, such as the case of a rotor 3 of the “Savonius” or “Darrieus” type or a combination thereof. In the embodiments illustrated by FIGS. 1 to 3, each of the blades 32 has the shape of a semi-cylindrical cup substantially perpendicular to the axis 31 of rotation of the rotor 3 . In another embodiment, the blades 32 are "S" shaped. In general, the blades 32 can be two, three, four or more in number, and of any aerodynamic shape maximizing the drive in rotation of the rotor 3 .

The system 1 further comprises a stator 4 (or a base) in which the rotor 3 is rotatably mounted. The stator 4 makes it possible, among other things, to maintain the axis 31 of rotation of the rotor 3 in a predefined direction substantially transverse to the current 2 of fluid.

The stator 4 comprises a plurality of guide vanes 41 (or guide vanes 41 ). These guide vanes 41 have the form of plates, strips, or strips that are substantially flat or curved. The guide vanes 41 have, in another embodiment, airfoils incorporating convex and/or concave portions. The guide vanes 41 are preferably substantially identical to each other.

The guide vanes 41 are placed around the rotor 3 . They are mounted on the stator 4 in a circular network centered on the axis 31 of rotation around the rotor 3 . In other words, guide vanes 41 are arranged on stator 4 at substantially equal angular intervals with respect to axis 31 of rotation. The guide vanes 41 are substantially parallel to the axis 31 of rotation of the rotor 3 . As illustrated by FIGS. 1 and 2, guide vanes 41 extend at least over the entire height of blades 32 of rotor 3 . The guide vanes 41 are arranged around the rotor 3 so that the stream 2 of fluid must pass through the network of guide vanes 41 to come into contact with the blades 32 of the rotor 3 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis 31 of rotation.

Each of the guide vanes 41 is mounted so as to rotate (pivot) around an axis of rotation substantially parallel to the axis 31 of rotation of the rotor 3 . As a result, each guide vane 41 is capable of moving, by rotation through a predefined angle around its axis of rotation, from one position to another. In particular, a guide vane 41 can pass from a closed position in which it is substantially perpendicular to a radial plane comprising the axis 31 of rotation of the rotor 3 and the axis of rotation of this guide vane 41 (i.e. d) its axis of rotation) in at least one open position in which it is not perpendicular to said radial plane (ie it forms a non-right angle with said radial plane).

When it is in the closed position, a guide vane 41 is substantially tangent to a cylinder of revolution (also called a right circular cylinder) comprising the rotor 3 and centered on the axis 31 of rotation of this rotor 3 . In the open position, the guide vane 41 is secant (ie not tangent) to said cylinder of revolution.

Of course, a guide vane 41 can have more than one open position. A guide vane 41 is, in fact, in the open position when it is substantially included or parallel to a radial plane comprising its axis of rotation and the axis 31 of rotation of the rotor 3 or in any other intermediate position between this open position and the closed position.

More generally, the stator 4 comprises
- at least one first guide vane 41 mounted rotatably about a first axis of rotation substantially parallel to the axis 31 of rotation of the rotor 3 , this first guide vane 41 being able to pass, by rotation through a first angle predefined around said first axis of rotation, from a first position to a second position; And
- at least one second guide vane 41 mounted rotatably around a second axis of rotation substantially parallel to the axis 31 of rotation of the rotor 3 , this second guide vane 41 being able to pass, by rotation of a second angle predefined different from said first angle around said second axis of rotation, from a third position to a fourth position.

The guide vanes 41 can therefore have different positions from each other. Each guide vane 41 is capable, by rotation around its axis of rotation, of passing from one position to another independently of at least one other guide vane 41 . By rotation around their respective axes of rotation, an arrangement of the guide vanes 41 to make, with respect to a reference direction (a relative direction such as that of the fluid stream 2 or a fixed direction such as that of geographic north), different angles is possible.

When it is in the open position, a guide vane 41 makes it possible to create a duct which channels and directs the current 2 of fluid towards the blades 32 of the rotor 3 . More generally, a guide vane 41 in the open position makes it possible to form a slot or a duct via which the fluid stream 2 can access the blades 32 of the rotor 3 or escape from the blades 32 of the rotor 3 . The width of this slot/duct between the guide vanes 41 is advantageously of variable width depending on the positions of the guide vanes 41 . By rotation around their respective axes of rotation at predefined angles, the guide vanes 41 advantageously make it possible to guide the fluid stream in a controlled manner towards or from the blades 32 of the rotor 3 . The guide vanes 41 can thus serve as an adjustable guide for the stream 2 of fluid.

In one embodiment, the guide vanes 41 form, when they are in the closed position, a cylinder centered on the axis 31 of rotation of the rotor 3 . Consequently, the guide vanes 41 prevent, when they are in the closed position, the stream 2 of fluid from coming into contact with the blades 32 of the rotor 3 .

Each of the guide vanes 41 is placed on the periphery of the stator 4 so that, when it is in an open position, it does not come into contact with any of the blades 32 of the rotor 3 . The distance between the axis 31 of rotation of the rotor 3 and that of a guide vane 41 is defined so that this guide vane 41 , when it is in an open position which is possible for it, does not come into contact with the blades 32 of the rotor 3 .

The axis of rotation of a guide vane 41 can be included in the plane of this guide vane 41 or substantially parallel to the plane of this guide vane 41 . The axis of rotation of a guide vane 41 is, in one embodiment, at mid-width of this guide vane 41 . The axis of rotation of a guide vane 41 is, in another embodiment, substantially included in a plane of symmetry of this guide vane 41 . More generally, the guide vane 41 extends on either side of its axis 31 of rotation. This advantageously makes it possible to facilitate the rotation and the maintenance in the closed or open position of the guide vane 41 . The guide vanes 41 are, in one embodiment, made of robust and light materials so as to be manageable in rotation, such as a composite material or an alloy material.

In one embodiment, the stator 4 comprises a base 42 and a cover 43 between which the rotor 3 and the guide vanes 41 are rotatably mounted. The base 42 and the cover 43 comprise at their centers two facing bearings to hold the shaft of the rotor 3 and at their peripheries facing holes (opposite) to receive the axes of rotation of the guide vanes 41 .

Furthermore, the capture system 1 comprises an actuator device 44 (such as one or more jacks, one or more electric motors such as stepper motors or equivalent, and/or one or more electromagnets) allowing to move any one of the guide vanes 41 from one position to another (from a closed position to a predefined open position and vice versa or from a first open position to a second open position). A system of pulleys, connecting rods and/or toothed belts, gears and/or gear trains with identical or different transmission ratios for turning a single guide vane 41 at a time or a plurality of vanes simultaneously 41 guidelines can be considered. In one embodiment, the actuator device 44 comprises one electric motor per guide vane 41 or an electric motor common to a plurality of guide vanes 41 . The device 44 of actuators can be arranged at the level of the base 42 and/or of the cover 43 of the stator 4 .

In one embodiment, the rotation of a guide vane 41 is indexed by a plurality of positions comprising a closed position of the guide vane 41 and at least one open position of the guide vane 41 . Blocking devices (such as pawls, snap-fit devices and/or indexing fingers) can be envisaged to fix a direction of rotation and/or to maintain a guide vane 41 in the closed position or in a position preset open. The rotation of a guide vane 41 is, in one embodiment, indexed to a plurality of positions comprising a closed position of the guide vane 41 and a plurality of open positions spaced apart by a predefined angular pitch. This angular pitch is, for example, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, or 60 degrees.

A control unit 5 is configured to control the device 44 of actuators to move one or more guide vanes 41 from one position to another. The control unit 5 is, in particular, capable of controlling the rotation of a first guide vane 41 by a first angle and a second guide vane 41 by a second angle different from the first angle around their respective axes of rotation. . In one embodiment, the control unit 5 is capable of controlling the passage from one position to another of each guide vane 41 individually or of a plurality of guide vanes 41 simultaneously. The angle of rotation of a guide vane 41 can be defined relative to the current position of the guide vane 41 , the closed position of this guide vane 41 , the direction of incidence of the fluid stream 2 , or any other reference direction.

By arranging the guide vanes 41 differently, the direction of incidence of a fluid stream on the guide vanes 41 can be different from one guide vane 41 to another. The arrangement specific to each guide vane 41 contributes to the precise formation of a direction of attack of the blades 32 of the rotor 3 by the current 2 of fluid, and/or of an escape or exit direction of the current 2 of fluid from the rotor 3 . This ability (or additional degree of freedom) to arrange the guide vanes 41 differently advantageously makes it possible to resist vortices (a current 2 of fluid which rapidly changes direction) by favoring a predefined direction of incidence of the current 2 of fluid.

The control unit 5 is provided with a plurality of sensors 61 - 63 used to allow a dynamic configuration of the positions (or orientations) of the guide vanes 41 . These sensors 61 - 63 comprise, for example, a sensor 61 of the direction of the fluid current 2 (direction of incidence of the wind on the system 1 for example), a sensor 62 of the speed of rotation of the rotor 3 , and/or a vibration sensor 63 of the stator 4 making it possible to detect the entry into oscillation of the stator 4 . The vibration sensor 63 is, in one embodiment, configured to measure a signal comprising the frequency and/or the amplitude of vibration of the stator 4 .

The direction of the fluid stream 2 detected by the fluid stream direction sensor 61 can be used by the control unit 5 to determine the appropriate position of each guide vane 41 . An angle of rotation for each guide vane 41 is therefore determined by the control unit 5 as a function of the detected direction of incidence of the fluid stream 2 on the system 1 . For example, the guide vanes 41 which face the fluid stream 2 (that is to say, those exposed to the fluid stream 2 ) can be arranged so as to widen or narrow ducts formed by successive guide vanes 41 and/or or to modify the direction of incidence of the current 2 of fluid on the blades 32 of the rotor 3 . The guide vanes 41 located at least partially under the stream 2 of fluid (that is to say, at least partially sheltered from the stream 2 of fluid) can be arranged so as to channel and facilitate the exhaust or the exit of the stream 2 of fluid from the system 1 . The fluid current 2 direction sensor 61 is, for example, a potentiometer integrating a cursor aligned with the direction of a vane.

Depending on the rotational speed measured by the rotor rotational speed sensor 62 , the control unit 5 is, in one embodiment, configured to control the passage of at least one guide vane 41 from a position to another by rotation of a predefined angle around its axis of rotation. This angle of rotation is, in one embodiment, determined as a function of the measured rotation speed so as to reduce the rotation speed of the rotor 3 as long as it is greater than a predefined value. This results in contactless braking of the rotor 3 . This braking can be obtained by orienting one or more guide vanes 41 (in particular, those which face the current 2 of fluid) so as to reduce the flow of the current 2 of fluid on the blades 32 of the rotor 3 (at least partial obstruction slots between guide vanes 41 in the open position).

Depending on the data supplied by the vibration sensor 63 , the control unit 5 is furthermore configured to adapt the positions of the guide vanes 41 accordingly. For example, when the frequency or the amplitude of vibration supplied by this vibration sensor 63 is greater than a predefined threshold value, one or more guide vanes 41 are arranged in the closed or quasi-closed position (by rotating one angle to reach the closed position). By adapting the position of a guide vane 41 , the control unit 5 adjusts the force of the current 2 of fluid on the blades 32 of the rotor 3 by obscuring them at least partially. Partial concealment of the blades 32 of the rotor 3 by the guide vanes 41 makes it possible to limit the access of the fluid stream 2 to the rotor 3 and thus produces a self-braking effect.

In one embodiment, guide vanes 41 are also mounted so as to rotate around axis 31 of rotation of rotor 3 . In other words, each of the guide vanes 41 is rotatable around its own axis of rotation (pivoting) and also around the axis 31 of rotation of the rotor 3 . For this, the guide vanes 41 are, for example, rotatably mounted on a first ring supported by the base 42 and a second ring supported by the cover 43 . The first ring and the second ring are integral and are mounted so as to rotate around the axis 31 of rotation of the rotor 3 . The same arrangement of the guide vanes 41 can thus follow a change in the direction of the fluid stream 2 by causing all of the guide vanes 41 (i.e. the first and the second ring) to rotate around the axis 31 of rotation of the rotor 3 , without the need to rearrange each of the guide vanes 41 to take account of the change in direction of the stream 2 of fluid.

In one embodiment, a vane fixed to the first and/or to the second ring and capable of causing them to pivot around the axis 31 of rotation advantageously makes it possible to maintain the predefined guide vanes 41 facing the current 2 of fluid and to follow its change of direction.

The system 1 comprises, in another embodiment, means for assisting the starting of the rotor 3 such as an electric motor intended to provide mechanical assistance to the rotor 3 in order to be able to start.

In one embodiment, the power supply of the control unit 5 , of the device 44 of actuators, of the sensors 61 - 63 , and/or of the start-up assistance means is at least partially ensured by a generator 7 photovoltaic (including photovoltaic solar cells). This photovoltaic generator 7 comprises at least one photovoltaic panel (or solar panel) arranged on the cover 43 of the stator 4 and intended to generate electrical energy from a light to which it is exposed. An energy storage means, in particular electrochemical (of the cell or battery type), makes it possible to store at least part of the electrical energy produced, which can then be used in the absence of light.

A box supporting the stator 4 can be envisaged to house one or more means for storing the electrical energy produced by the collection system 1 and/or by the photovoltaic generator 7 .

By referring to the , the collection system 1 is, by way of illustration, a wind turbine with a vertical axis. A wind 21 incident on this vertical axis wind turbine comprises at least one non-zero horizontal component.

Depending on the data provided by the sensors 61 - 63 , the control unit 5 adapts the position of each of the guide vanes 41 . For example, depending on the data measured by the sensor 61 of the direction of the wind 21 incident on the vertical axis wind turbine (namely, the azimuth with respect to a reference direction such as geographic north), the unit 5 control has the guide vanes 41 facing the wind 21 in an intermediate open position to form converging ducts tangentially on the blades 32 of the rotor 3 (guide or direct the current 2 of fluid directly on the blades 32 of the rotor 3 ).

Based on the direction of the wind detected by the wind direction sensor 61 , the control unit 5 determines the guide vanes 41 located facing the wind and, consequently, also the guide vanes 41 located at least partially downwind. (In particular, those which are diametrically opposed to the guide vanes 41 located facing the wind). The control unit 5 then determines a rotation angle for each of the guide vanes 41 with respect to the direction of the incident wind 21 .

The orientation of the guide vanes 41 facing the wind 21 is chosen so as to direct or deflect the flow of the wind 21 incident effectively on the blades 32 of the rotor 3 . An oblique orientation of the guide vanes 41 facing the wind with respect to the direction of incidence of the wind 21 makes it possible to concentrate and guide the air flows on the blades 32 of the rotor. The guide vanes 41 facing the wind 21 are arranged so as to form a wind concentrator 21 directly on the blades 32 of the rotor 3 . The arrangement of the guide vanes 41 facing the wind 21 in positions open obliquely to the direction of incidence of the wind 21 causes a compression of the wind between two successive guide vanes 41 which increases its speed and concentrates it on the blades 32 of the rotor. 3 .

An arrangement of the other guide vanes 41 (in particular those downwind) parallel to the direction of incidence of the wind 21 creates a suction of pressurized air in the rotor 3 and therefore promotes its escape from the capture system 1 (the leeward guide vanes 41 being in the open position and the side guide vanes 41 being in the closed position). The guiding vanes 41 under the wind (those located on the side opposite to that from which the wind 21 blows) are arranged in the open position so as to present the least obstruction to the wind 21 (substantially in a radial plane comprising the axis 31 of rotation of rotor 3 and their respective axes of rotation).

The guide vanes 41 sheltered from the wind are substantially parallel to the direction of incidence of the wind 21 so as to reduce the pressure at the level of these guide vanes 41 and accelerate the escape/leakage of the wind from the rotor 3 . Such an arrangement of the guide vanes 41 advantageously makes it possible to create a pressure difference which accelerates and gives more energy to the air stream. In other words, this configuration of the guide vanes 41 promotes the creation of an air stream (or air stream generator) in order to further accelerate the fluid stream in the capture system 1 . This results in an increase in the speed of circulation of the wind at the level of the blades 32 of the rotor. It is thus possible to drive the rotor 3 in rotation, even with incident winds 21 of low speed.

Depending on data supplied by the vibration sensor 63 and/or the rotor 3 rotational speed sensor 62 , the control unit 5 is configured to adapt the position of one or more guide vanes 41 accordingly. For example, when data supplied by these sensors is greater than a predefined threshold value, the control unit 5 commands the passage of at least one guide vane 41 initially into an open position towards a closed position or towards another position. open closer to the closed position. Braking without contact of the rotor 3 can thus be produced by rotating at least one guide vane 41 around its axis of rotation by a predefined angle of rotation. The determination of this angle of rotation as a function of the frequency and/or the amplitude of vibration of the stator 4 advantageously makes it possible to reduce the vibrations of the wind turbine, increase its lifespan, and protect the frame on which it is installed.

The arrangement of all the guide vanes 41 in the closed position forces the wind 21 to circumvent the wind turbine with a vertical axis which takes the form of a cylinder of revolution around the axis 31 of rotation of the rotor 3 . When they are placed in the closed position, the guide vanes 41 make it possible to resist violent winds, prevent the phenomenon of dynamic stalling and, therefore, improve the safety of the vertical axis wind turbine which becomes compact in violent or swirling winds.

The guide vanes 41 can also act as a regulator of the noise pollution of the wind turbine insofar as they can be oriented in such a way as to attenuate the mechanical noise (linked to the friction of the moving parts) and aerodynamic noise. A sound sensor connected to the control unit 5 can therefore be envisaged.

In addition, the guide vanes 41 constitute a safety device since they limit the access of physical objects or animals (drones or birds for example) to the moving rotor. The guide vanes 41 can also be placed in the closed position when the wind turbine is not in use.

By referring to the , a vehicle 8, in particular an automobile, comprising the system 1 described above is displayed. This vehicle 8 is, for example, a truck, a van, a motorhome, a coach, a utility vehicle, a heavy goods vehicle, a personal vehicle, or a watercraft such as a boat. The system 1 is attached to the vehicle 8 so that it is able to receive a wind produced by the movement of the vehicle 8. In this respect, the system 1 can, as illustrated by the , be fixed to the front of the vehicle 8, above the vehicle 8, and/or in the upper part of the vehicle 8.

In one embodiment, a guide (such as a tubular body) is arranged to direct a wind resulting from the movement of the vehicle 8 from the front or the side faces of the vehicle 8 towards the system 1 . The guide vanes 41 facing the wind are, in one embodiment, determined according to the heading (or the direction of movement) of the vehicle 8 . Data relating to the heading of the vehicle can be obtained by a geolocation sensor on board the vehicle 8 or in the system 1 .

When the rotor of the system 1 is connected to a generator to produce electricity, this advantageously results in a unit for the production of renewable energy for the vehicle 8 .

Advantageously, the system 1 for capturing energy from a fluid stream described above
- is able to start even at low incident wind speeds and, therefore, to increase the energy efficiency of the system;
- Is modular, insofar as several collection systems 1 can be stacked on top of each other on the same axis;
- features improved safety, noise reduction, improved energy efficiency and self-braking effect;
- is omnidirectional (capable of capturing the wind over 360°) and automatically adapts to the direction of the incident wind;
- allows, by adapting the positions of the guide vanes 41 , to exploit the linear fluid currents, as well as the turbulent fluid currents or of variable direction (such as the winds in urban environments).

Although the system 1 is described above with respect to embodiments and variants, those skilled in the art will understand that these embodiments and variants are not limiting and can be combined with each other and/or with any other equivalent embodiment.

Claims (10)

System ( 1 ) for capturing energy from a fluid stream ( 2 ) comprising
- a stator ( 4 );
- a rotor ( 3 ) rotatably mounted in the stator ( 4 ) about a first axis ( 31 ) of rotation, the rotor being equipped with a plurality of blades ( 32 ), said first axis ( 31 ) of rotation being intended to be substantially transverse to the flow ( 2 ) of fluid;
- the stator ( 4 ) comprising a plurality of guide vanes ( 41 ) arranged around the rotor ( 3 );
this system ( 1 ) being characterized in that said plurality of guide vanes ( 41 ) comprises at least
- a first guide vane mounted rotatably around a second axis of rotation substantially parallel to said first axis ( 31 ) of rotation, this first guide vane being adapted to pass, by rotation of a first predefined angle around said second axis of rotation from a first position to a second position;
- a second guide vane mounted mobile in rotation around a third axis of rotation substantially parallel to said first axis ( 31 ) of rotation, this second guide vane being adapted to pass, by rotation of a second predefined angle different from said first angle around said third axis of rotation, from a third position to a fourth position. System ( 1 ) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that in the first position, the first guide vane is substantially perpendicular to a radial plane comprising the first axis of rotation and the second axis of rotation. System ( 1 ) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it further comprises a sensor ( 6 1 ) for the direction of the current ( 2 ) of fluid intended to detect a direction of the current ( 2 ) of incident fluid on the system ( 1 ), said first angle being determined at least as a function of the detected direction of the flow ( 2 ) of fluid. System ( 1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a sensor ( 62 ) of rotational speed of the rotor ( 3 ) intended to measure a rotational speed of the rotor ( 3 ) , said first angle being determined at least as a function of the measured rotational speed of the rotor ( 3 ). System ( 1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a sensor ( 63 ) of vibration of the stator ( 4 ) intended to measure a vibration signal of the stator ( 4 ), said first angle being determined at least as a function of the measured vibration signal. System ( 1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first guide vane extends on either side of the second axis of rotation. System ( 1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said plurality of guide vanes ( 41 ) is rotatably mounted around the said first axis ( 31 ) of rotation. System ( 1 ) according to any one of Claims 2 to 7, characterized in that e , when the guide vanes ( 41 ) of the said plurality of guide vanes ( 41 ) are, respectively, at the first position, the said plurality of vanes ( 41 ) forms a cylinder centered on said first axis ( 31 ) of rotation. System ( 1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is a vertical axis wind turbine. Vehicle ( 8 ) comprising a system ( 1 ) for capturing energy from a fluid stream ( 2 ) according to any one of the preceding claims.