FR3110206A1 - PIN - Google Patents

Abstract

Pin (1) comprising a metal body (10) extending along a longitudinal axis (Ox) of insertion and having a first (103) and a second end (104) along the longitudinal axis (Ox), an upper face (101) and a lower face (102) opposite the upper face (101), the pin (1) comprising two convex portions (13) each having an inclined inner wall and an inclined outer wall, the inclined walls of each convex portion (13) forming a crest oriented downwards and extending along the longitudinal axis (Ox), at least one crest having on its underside a projecting blade obtained by cutting and bending the metal body along the longitudinal axis (Ox ); a concave portion connecting the interior walls of each convex portion (13) by a central surface (14) which is substantially flat; at least one locking member (12). Figure to be published with abstract: Fig. 2 a

Description

PIN

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a pin, in particular for retaining elements in a rail. It finds its application more particularly for fixing the frame of a photovoltaic module in a rail of a supporting structure.

TECHNOLOGICAL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Currently, more than 90% of photovoltaic modules include an aluminum frame to stiffen the modules made from an assembly of a glass plate on the front face (exposed to the sun) and a sheet of plastic material (Tedlar ®) on the back. Another advantage of such a metal frame is to facilitate the mechanical fixing of a photovoltaic module on the metal rail, generally made of steel, of a supporting structure. The support structure can for example be intended to be fixed on the roof of a dwelling.

When fixing the metal frame of the photovoltaic module to the rail of the supporting structure, it must be taken into account that once installed, the module can be subjected to strong stresses, for example by the forces exerted by the wind. , in particular tearing of the module out of the rail, tending to separate the frame of the module from the support structure. Whatever the conditions to which a module is subjected, it is necessary to prevent the frame from detaching from the supporting structure and flying away. It is also necessary to maintain uninterrupted electrical contact between the module and the supporting structure, in order to maintain the assembly at an electrical ground.

The constraints are all the more important to take into account when the supporting structure is associated with a mobile device allowing the photovoltaic modules to be optimally oriented according to the position of the sun, or any other circumstance. In particular, the inclination of the modules causes their bending, which induces significant stresses on the device for fixing the module to the rail in the direction orthogonal to the tearing direction, which can cause the fixing device to slip and disengage. , and therefore lead to the separation of the module and the supporting structure.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention aims to solve at least in part the aforementioned problems, by proposing a solution allowing in particular a simple and rapid fixing of elements in a rail, in order to form an assembly having a high resistance to the various aforementioned stresses and stresses and which allows maintain continuous electrical contact between the elements and the rail.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

With a view to achieving this object, the object of the invention proposes a pin comprising a metal body extending along a longitudinal axis (Ox) of insertion and having a first and a second end along the longitudinal axis ( Ox), an upper face and a lower face opposite the upper face. The pin includes:

• two convex portions each having an inclined inner wall and an inclined outer wall, the inclined walls of each convex portion forming a ridge oriented downwards and extending along the longitudinal axis, at least one ridge having on its underside a blade projection obtained by cutting and folding the metal body along the longitudinal axis;
• a concave portion connecting the interior walls of each convex portion by a substantially flat central surface;
• at least one locking member.

According to other advantageous and non-limiting characteristics of the invention, taken alone or according to any technically feasible combination:

• each outer wall is continued along a transverse axis (Oz) by a wing substantially parallel to the central surface;
• at least one wing has a shoulder along the transverse axis (Oz), the shoulder being located between the second end and the at least one blocking member;
• the at least one blocking member is formed by a projecting edge on the upper face, obtained by cutting and folding the metal body along a transverse axis (Oz);
• the at least one blocking member is formed by a lug extending outwards along a transverse axis (Oz);
• the lug is folded towards the underside;
• the pin comprises a blocking member on each wing, the blocking members being aligned on a transverse axis (Oz);
• the at least one blocking member is formed by a projecting edge on the inclined outer wall, obtained by cutting and bending the metal body;
• the pin includes at least one protruding blade on the crest of each convex portion;
• the pin comprises two protruding blades aligned along the longitudinal axis (Ox) on the crest of each convex portion;
• the pin comprises exactly one protruding blade on the crest of each convex portion, the protruding blades being offset relative to each other along the longitudinal axis (Ox);
• each crest has a plate, each protruding blade being cut in only part of the width along a transverse axis (Oz) of the plate;
• the first end having a bevelled shape;
• the pin comprises a non-return notch formed on the lower face or on the upper face;
• the metal body is made of hardened steel;
• each wall is pierced with a hole facing each other along a transverse axis, the holes being arranged between the first end and the at least one projecting blade, the at least one locking member comprising a rod able to pass through all the holes;

The invention also relates to the use of a pin as presented above for retaining two elements in a U-shaped rail extending along a transverse axis (Oz), the rail having a closed horizontal side, a horizontal side open to receive the elements in a retaining position and two side walls extended opposite the closed side by a horizontal wall extending towards the outside of the rail along the longitudinal axis (Ox), each side wall being pierced with an opening facing each other along the longitudinal axis (Ox), each opening extending in part on the horizontal wall, each element having a through passage located opposite screws of the openings when the element is in the retaining position, such that the pin is inserted along the longitudinal axis (Ox) in the openings and through passages to an assembly position in which the at least one flexible blade and the at least one member blocking have passed through at least a first opening of the rail, the at least one flexible blade coming into forced contact with the elements, the at least one blocking member forming an abutment against the rail to prevent the extraction of the pin.

The invention also relates to the use of a pin as presented above for retaining two elements in a U-shaped rail extending along a transverse axis (Oz), the rail having a closed horizontal side, a horizontal side open to receive the elements in a retaining position and two side walls extended opposite the closed side by a horizontal wall extending towards the outside of the rail along the longitudinal axis (Ox), each side wall being pierced with an opening facing each other along the longitudinal axis (Ox), each opening extending in part on the horizontal wall, each element having a through passage located opposite screws of the openings when the element is in the retaining position, such that the pin is inserted along the longitudinal axis (Ox) in the openings and through passages to an assembly position in which the at least one flexible blade and the holes have trave rsé a second opening of the rail, the at least one flexible blade coming into forced contact with the elements, the at least one blocking member being inserted into the holes to prevent the extraction of the pin.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the detailed description of the invention which will follow with reference to the appended figures in which:

FIGS. 1a to 1d represent respectively an isometric view, a side view according to a plane orthogonal to the transverse axis, a side view according to a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis and a view from below of a pin conforming to a first mode implementation of the invention.

FIGS. 2a to 2d represent respectively an isometric view, a side view according to a plane orthogonal to the transverse axis, a side view according to a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis and a view from below of a pin conforming to a second mode implementation of the invention.

Figure 3 shows a sectional view of an assembly using a pin according to a first mode of implementation of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

For the sake of simplifying the description to come, the same references are used for identical elements or performing the same function in the different embodiments of the invention.

In general, the invention relates to a pin making it possible to retain two elements such as the metal frames of a photovoltaic module in a U-shaped rail, for example the rail of a metal support structure. To do this, the pin is intended to be inserted along a longitudinal insertion axis in openings provided in the side walls of the rail and in a through passage of each element. This assembly allows on the one hand to fix the frames in the rail of the structure, and on the other hand to maintain a continuous electrical contact between the photovoltaic module and the supporting structure.

General pin structure

Figures 1a to 1d and 2a to 2d represent different views of two modes of implementation of a pin according to the invention. An orthogonal coordinate system Oxyz is represented there, comprising a longitudinal axis (Ox), a vertical axis (Oy) and a transverse axis (Oz).

In general, such a pin 1 comprises a metal body 10 extending along a longitudinal axis of insertion (Ox). The metallic body 10 has an upper face 101 and a lower face 102 opposite the upper face 102. The metallic body 10 also has a first end 103 and a second end 104 along the longitudinal axis (Ox).

The metal body 10 consists of a metal strip cut and then bent, for example by stamping using a tracking machine.

The material of the metallic body 10 is advantageously hardened steel, the shape of which is modeled cold before carrying out a thermal quenching at 800° C. for example. The steel can then be protected against corrosion by a surface treatment step. The choice of such a material is particularly advantageous in that it allows easy modeling before dipping, then, after dipping, significant mechanical strength and elasticity.

In general, the pin 1 has a cross-section in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis (Ox) in the shape of a W when the upper face is turned upwards.

This shape gives the pin 1 flexibility while minimizing the amount of material required. This shape allows in particular to have greater flexibility than a rectangular or U-shaped piece.

More particularly, and as can be seen in particular in FIGS. 1c and 2c, the pin 1 comprises two convex portions 13 each have an inclined inner wall 131 and an inclined outer wall 132. The inclined walls of each convex portion form a crest 133 oriented downwards and extending horizontally along the longitudinal axis (Ox). The two crests are in the same horizontal plane Oxz.

The section of the convex portions in a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal axis (Ox) can thus be V-shaped, as shown in Figure 1c in particular. The crest 133 then has a width along the transverse axis (Oz) that is small compared to the height of the inclined walls 131, 132.

Alternatively, and particularly advantageously, the crest 133 may be U-shaped (as shown in Figure 2c in particular), that is to say have a plate joining the inclined walls 131, 132 of the convex portion 13 In this situation, the width along the transverse axis (Oz) of the plate is similar to the height of the inclined walls 131, 132. Such a configuration allows the pin 1 to present a significantly greater rigidity than in when the convex portion is V-shaped.

Whatever the shape of the convex portions 13, a concave portion connects the inner walls 131 of each convex portion 13 by a central surface 14 that is substantially flat. This central surface 14 extends along the longitudinal axis (Ox), in the horizontal plane Oxz.

This particularly advantageous shape of the metal body 10 allows a great adaptation of the pin 1 in relation to the tolerances along the vertical axis (Oy). In particular when the body 10 is made of hardened steel, the shape of the portions 13, 14 has the advantage of being both resistant to forces along the transverse axis (Oz) and of being flexible enough to allow compression of pin 1.

According to a particularly advantageous configuration, each outer wall 132 can be continued, along the transverse axis (Oz), by a wing 15 substantially parallel to the central surface 14, that is to say in the horizontal plane Oxz.

At least one wing 15 can advantageously have a shoulder 151 protruding along the transverse axis (Oz). Such a shoulder, wider than the opening provided in the rail, makes it possible to form an abutment against the opening and to constitute a stopping point for the pin during its insertion, as will be described in more detail below. of this description.

Returning to the description of Figures 1a to 1d and 2a to 2d, at least one crest 13 has on its lower face 102 a projecting blade 11 obtained by cutting and folding the metal body 10 along the longitudinal axis (Ox). As will be described later in more detail, such a blade 11 is designed to scratch each element through which the pin 1 passes during its insertion in order to anchor itself therein, making it possible both to prevent the pin 1 from slipping and to ensure that electrical contact is maintained between pin 1 and each element.

Preferably, the pin 1 may comprise at least one projecting blade 11 on the crest 133 of each convex portion 13.

The pin 1 may in particular comprise two projecting blades 11 aligned along the longitudinal axis (Ox) on the crest 133 of each convex portion 13.

Alternatively, the pin 1 may comprise exactly one protruding blade 11 on the crest 133 of each convex portion 13. In this situation, the protruding blades can be offset relative to each other along the longitudinal axis (Ox).

In the situation where each crest 133 has a plate, provision can advantageously be made for each projecting blade 11 to be cut out in only part of the width along a transverse axis (Oz) of the plate.

The usefulness of such configurations will be described later in this description.

Whatever the configuration of the blades 11, the pin 1 also comprises at least one locking member 12, two particular embodiments of which are described below, respectively with reference to FIGS. 1a to 1d and 2a to 2d. Such a blocking member 12 makes it possible to form an extraction stop when the pin 1 is in the assembly position.

According to a first mode of implementation, shown in Figures 1a to 1d, the locking member 12 is formed of a ridge 12 projecting from the upper face, obtained by cutting and folding the metal body 10 along the transverse axis (Oz) orthogonal to the longitudinal axis (Ox). The edge is thus open opposite the second end 104.

According to a second embodiment, shown in Figures 2a to 2d, the locking member 12 is formed by a lug extending outwards along the transverse axis (Oz).

Advantageously, the lug can be slightly bent towards the underside 102 in order to facilitate the insertion of the pin through the opening of the rail.

Whatever the mode of implementation of the invention, when the pin 1 comprises two wings 15, the pin 1 can comprise a blocking member on each wing 15. In order that each edge 12 can fulfill its role of abutment when the pin 1 is in the assembly position, the locking members 12 are aligned along the transverse axis (Oz).

Use of the pin

In general, such a pin 1 can be used to retain two elements 301, 311 in a U-shaped rail 20.

Figure 3 shows a sectional view of an assembly using a pin 1 according to the invention.

This figure shows a first and a second element 301, 311, a rail 20 and a pin 1 in the assembly position. Again, an orthogonal Oxyz marker has been shown, so that the Oxz plane is horizontal and the axis (Ox) corresponds to the longitudinal direction of insertion of pin 1.

The rail 20 extends along the transverse axis (Oz) and has a closed horizontal side 21, an open horizontal side 22 to receive the planar elements 301, 311 in a retaining position, as well as two side walls 23, 24, arranged respectively in the Oyz plane. Each side wall 23, 24 is extended, opposite the closed side 21, by a horizontal wall 232, 242, extending outwards from the rail 20 in the plane Oxz.

Each side wall 23, 24 of the rail 20 is pierced with an opening 231, 241 facing each other along the longitudinal axis (Ox). As is also clearly visible in Figure 3, each opening 231, 241 extends partly over the horizontal wall 232, 242.

Each element 301, 311 shown in Figure 3, is a flat element of a frame 30, 31, for example aluminum, fixing a photovoltaic module (not shown in the figure).

Each of these elements 301, 311 has a through passage 302, 312 along the longitudinal axis (Ox), located opposite the openings 231, 241 when the element 301, 311 is in the retaining position.

The retaining position is defined for the elements 301, 311 as being the position in which these elements 301, 311 are inserted into the rail 20, their frame 30, 31 resting on the horizontal walls 232, 242. Their through passages 302, 312 are then opposite the openings 231, 241 of the side walls 23, 24 of the rail 20.

The assembly position denotes the position in which the pin 1 is inserted through the openings 231, 241 and the through passages 302, 312, and the locking member or members 12 has (have) passed through the first opening 231 through which pin 1 passes. Pin 1 is inserted into rail 20 along the longitudinal axis of insertion (Ox), generally in the direction of decreasing x.

In use, the pin 1 is first inserted by its first end 103 into the first opening 231 of the first side wall 23 of the rail 20.

In practice, in order to facilitate the insertion of the pin, it may be easier to insert it obliquely in the first opening. For this purpose, and as can be seen in all the figures, the first end 103 of the pin 1 may have a bevelled shape. This beveled shape can be a bevel (as in Figure 1b) or a chamfer (as in Figure 2b). The bevel or chamfer is then produced on the first end 103 in the direction of increasing x and increasing y, forming for example an angle of 30° or 45°. Such a shape makes it possible to insert the pin 1 obliquely into the first opening 231 of the rail 20, then to straighten it as the insertion progresses, in order to more easily guide the pin 1. If necessary, the insertion pin 1 can be done using a hammer.

Advantageously, the pin 1 has a width, along the transverse axis (Oz), slightly greater than that of the opening 231, imposing a compression of the pin 1 along the transverse axis (Oz) to allow its insertion. Such compression allows the body 10 of the pin 1 to be slightly bent against the rail 20 and to exert pressure against it to ensure that the pin 1 is held in the rail 20 when the pin 1, released, is in assembly position.

Continuing its insertion, the first end 103 of the pin 1 then passes through the through passages 302, 312 of the first 301 then of the second 311 element.

The pin 1 has a height, along the vertical axis (Oy), slightly greater than that of each crossing passage 302, 312, imposing a bending of the projecting blade 11 during its insertion through the crossing passage 302, 312. in this way, not only will the protruding blade 11 scratch each element 301, 311 when it is inserted into its through passage 302, 312, allowing it to be anchored there, but the blade 11 will also remain in slight flexion against each element 301, 311 after the insertion of the pin 1, making it possible to maintain electrical contact with the two elements 301, 311 when the pin 1 is in the assembly position.

The advantageous presence of two projecting blades 11 on the crest 133 of each convex portion 13 of the pin 1 allows each blade of a crest to scratch a different element when the pin 1 is in the assembly position. In this way, the bending of each blade 11 is independent and makes it possible to optimize the maintenance of electrical contact between each element 301, 311 and the pin 1, whatever the movement of one or the other of the elements 301, 311.

The same advantage exists when the pin 1 comprises exactly one protruding blade 11 on the crest 133 of each convex portion 13, with blades offset relative to each other along the longitudinal axis (Ox). Each blade 11 will scratch a different element when the pin is in the assembly position. The Applicant has noticed that this particular configuration makes it possible to improve the rigidity of the pin 1 without degrading the electrical contact and holding functions of the pin 1.

Finally, the advantageous characteristic according to which each projecting blade 11 is cut out in only part of the width along a transverse axis (Oz) of the plate makes it possible, when the pin 1 is in the assembly position, to ensure both contact linear, with the projecting blade 11, and a plane contact, with the rest of the plate, between the pin 1 and the element 301, 311, ensuring a recovery of force.

Whatever the number and the distribution of the blades 11, the distance between the first end 103 and the blade 11 is greater than the width of the rail 20 along the longitudinal axis (Ox), so that the first end 103 emerges from the rail 20 before the blade 11 engages in the first through passage 302. In this way, the insertion of the pin 1 is facilitated. Indeed, the scratch of the blade 11 against each element 301, 311, desired, requires an additional effort to insert the pin. It therefore appears preferable for the pin 1 to come out of the rail 20, thus ensuring the maintenance of the assembly, before the main effort of inserting the blades 11 into the through passages 302, 312 is required.

The relative dimensions of the pin 1 and the through passage 302, 312 allow, thanks to the flexibility of the blade 11, both to insert the pin 1 through the through passage 302, 312 without exerting too much force on the blade 11 during insertion, and to hold the pin 1 and the elements 301, 311 together while ensuring continuous electrical contact between them.

Indeed, even if there is a clearance between the pin 1 and one of the elements 301, 311, made necessary to allow the insertion of the pin 1 through the through passage 302, 312, the flexibility of the blade 11 makes it possible to ensure contact, or even to maintain the element 301, 311 in a fixed position.

Pin 1 is finally inserted until locking member 12 has passed through opening 231 of first side wall 23 of rail 20. Pin 1 is then in the assembly position.

In the first mode of implementation, when the locking member 12 is formed of an edge obtained by cutting and folding along the transverse axis (Oz), the elasticity of the body 10 of the pin 1 allows the protruding edge 12 to bend during its passage through the opening 231, then to relax once the opening 231 crossed. The edge 12 therefore acts as an extraction stop against the first horizontal wall 232 of the rail 20 preventing the withdrawal of the pin 1 in the opposite direction to its insertion. The fact that the abutment force of the edge 12 against the rail 20 is exerted on the horizontal part 232 of the rail 20, tangent to the abutment force, reinforces this abutment.

In the second mode of implementation, when the locking member is formed of a lug, the elasticity of the body 10 of the pin 1 also allows the lug to bend slightly, in particular when the latter is slightly folded towards the lower part, during its passage through the first opening 231. Once the opening 231 has passed through, the lug acts as an extraction stop against the side wall 23 of the rail 20, preventing the removal of the pin in the opposite direction to its insertion.

The advantageous presence of a shoulder 151, which allows the pin 1 to have a greater width than the first opening 231 at the level of the shoulder, even when the pin is compressed along the transverse axis (Oz), makes it possible to prevent disengagement of the pin 1 by sliding along the longitudinal axis (Ox), in the direction of decreasing x.

The shoulder 151 also makes it possible to constitute a stopping point for the insertion of the pin 1, indicating that the pin 1 is indeed in the assembly position. To do this, the shoulder 151 is located between the second end 104 and the locking member or members 12. In this way, when the pin 1 is inserted, the locking member 12 passes through the opening 231 before the shoulder 151 comes to abut against the side wall 23 of the rail 20.

Thus, when it is in the assembly position, the pin 1 is blocked against sliding in both directions along the longitudinal axis (Ox).

Preferably, in order to avoid any play along the longitudinal axis (Ox) when pin 1 is in the assembly position, the distance between locking member 12 and shoulder 151 is equal to, or very slightly greater than, the thickness of the first side wall 23.

To prevent disengagement of the pin along the longitudinal axis (Ox), pin 1 may alternatively or additionally comprise a non-return notch (not shown in the figures), which may be defined by a bottom, in which is placed the outline of the opening 231, and two stops which will limit the displacement of this outline. But the invention is in no way limited to such a notch, and can include any means allowing the insertion of the pin to the assembly position and preventing its disengagement. This non-return notch can be arranged on the lower face 102 or on the upper face 101. Preferably, the non-return notch is arranged as close as possible to the second end, preferably between the blade 11 and the second end 104 according to the longitudinal axis (Ox), in order to limit the number of elements that the notch must pass through when inserting pin 1, which necessarily increases the effort required to insert pin 1.

In cases where the elements 301, 311 would undergo a tensile force tending to extract them from the rail 20 by the open horizontal side 22, that is to say along the vertical axis (Oy) in the direction of increasing y, their movement would be limited to their clearance with pin 1, pin 1 in the assembly position keeping them fixed. The pin 1 remains blocked along the vertical axis (Oy) by abutment against the side walls 23, 24 of the rail 20. During the tearing force of the elements 301, 311, the flexibility of the blade 11 ensures , by its release, the continuity of the electrical contact between the elements 301, 311 and the pin 1.

The electrical contact between the pin 1 and the rail 20 is ensured by the compression of the pin 1 in the opening 231 of the rail 20, as well as by its contact with the horizontal wall 232 of the rail 20. Such contact can be either continuous (as in Figure 3), which is preferable, or ensured by the abutment of the pin 1 against this wall 24 during the tearing of the elements 30.

As regards the compression of the elements 301, 311, that is to say the application of a force along the vertical axis (Oy), in the direction of decreasing y, and as is clearly visible on Figure 3, the frames 30, 31 rest directly on the rail 20 in the retaining position. They cannot therefore exert on pin 1 a more intense compression force than the compression described previously, due to the play between the elements 301, 311 and pin 1.

A pin 1 according to the invention thus makes it possible to fix two elements 301, 311 to a rail 20 in a simple and solid manner, while ensuring continuous electrical contact between each element 301, 311 and the rail 20 without this electrical contact not is likely to be interrupted, regardless of the intensity and duration of the tensile forces exerted on the elements 301, 311.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and variant embodiments can be added thereto without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

In particular, although only retaining members have been described obtained in a single piece by simply cutting and bending the metal body, it is possible to envisage any other retaining member making it possible to prevent the extraction of the pin once it is in the assembly position.

It is in particular possible to envisage that each wall be pierced with a hole 16 facing each other along the transverse axis (Oz), as shown in Figures 2a to 2d. The holes 16 are then arranged between the first end 103 and the projecting blade 11. The locking member 12 can then comprise, in addition to or in substitution for the one-piece locking members described above, an external locking member, comprising a rod capable of to pass through all of the holes 16. For example, the external locking member can be a beta pin (not shown).

In this situation, the use of the pin is slightly modified. The assembly position is no longer defined when the locking member has passed through the opening 231 of the first side wall 23 of the rail 20, but when the holes 16 have passed through the opening 241 of the second side wall 24 of the rail 20, the projecting blade 11 having passed through the first opening 231. The external locking member 12 is then inserted into the holes 16 to prevent the extraction of the pin 1.

Claims (17)

Pin (1) comprising a metal body (10) extending along a longitudinal axis (Ox) of insertion and having a first (103) and a second end (104) along the longitudinal axis (Ox), an upper face (101) and a lower face (102) opposite the upper face (101), the pin (1) comprising:
- two convex portions (13) each having an inclined inner wall (131) and an inclined outer wall (132), the inclined walls (131, 132) of each convex portion (13) forming a crest (133) facing downwards and extending along the longitudinal axis (Ox), at least one ridge (133) having on its underside a projecting blade (11) obtained by cutting and bending the metal body along the longitudinal axis (Ox);
- a concave portion connecting the inner walls (131) of each convex portion (13) by a central surface (14) substantially flat;
- at least one locking member (12). Pin (1) according to the preceding claim, in which each outer wall (132) is continued along a transverse axis (Oz) by a wing (15) substantially parallel to the central surface (14). Pin (1) according to the preceding claim, in which at least one wing (15) has a shoulder (151) along the transverse axis (Oz), the shoulder (151) being located between the second end (104) and the at least one locking member (12). Pin (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the at least one locking member is formed by a projecting edge (12) on the upper face, obtained by cutting and bending the metal body (10) along an axis transverse (Oz). Pin according to one of the preceding claims, in which the at least one locking member is formed by a lug extending outwards along a transverse axis (Oz). Pin according to the preceding claim, in which the lug is folded towards the underside. Pin (1) according to one of claims 2 to 6 comprising a blocking member on each wing, the blocking members being aligned on a transverse axis (Oz). Pin (1) according to one of the preceding claims comprising at least one projecting blade (11) on the crest (133) of each convex portion (13). Pin (1) according to the preceding claim comprising two projecting blades (11) aligned along the longitudinal axis (Ox) on the crest (133) of each convex portion (13). Pin (1) according to claim 8 comprising exactly one projecting blade (11) on the crest (133) of each convex portion (13), the projecting blades (11) being offset with respect to each other according to the longitudinal axis (Ox). Pin (1) according to one of Claims 8 to 10, in which each crest (133) has a plate, each projecting blade (11) being cut out in only part of the width along a transverse axis (Oz) of the plate. Pin (1) according to one of the preceding claims, the first end (103) having a beveled shape. Pin according to one of the preceding claims comprising a non-return notch formed on the lower face (102) or on the upper face (101). Pin (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the metal body (10) consists of hardened steel. Pin (1) according to Claim 1, in which each wall is pierced with a hole facing each other along a transverse axis, the holes being arranged between the first end (103) and the at least one blade projection (11), the at least one blocking member comprising a rod able to pass through all of the holes. Use of a pin (1) according to one of claims 1 to 14 for retaining two elements (301, 311) in a U-shaped rail (20) extending along a transverse axis (Oz), the rail (20) having a closed horizontal side (21), an open horizontal side (22) to receive the elements (301, 311) in a retaining position and two side walls (23, 24) extended opposite the closed side (21) by a horizontal wall (232, 242) extending towards the outside of the rail (20) along the longitudinal axis (Ox), each side wall (23, 24) being pierced with an opening (231, 241) facing each other along the longitudinal axis (Ox), each opening (231, 241) extending in part over the horizontal wall (232, 242), each element (301, 311) having a through passage (302, 312) located opposite the openings (231, 241) when the element (301, 311) is in the retaining position, such that the pin (1) is inserted along the longitudinal axis (Ox) in the the openings (231, 241) and through passages (302, 312) up to an assembly position in which the at least one flexible blade (11) and the at least one blocking member (12) have passed through a first opening (231) of the rail (20), the at least one flexible blade (11) coming into forced contact with the elements (301, 311), the at least one blocking member (12) forming an abutment against the rail ( 20) to prevent pin (1) from being extracted. Use of a pin (1) according to claim 15 for retaining two elements (301, 311) in a U-shaped rail (20) extending along a transverse axis (Oz), the rail (20) having a closed horizontal side (21), an open horizontal side (22) to receive the elements (301, 311) in a retaining position and two side walls (23, 24) extended opposite the closed side (21) by a horizontal wall ( 232, 242) extending outwards from the rail (20) along the longitudinal axis (Ox), each side wall (23, 24) being pierced with an opening (231, 241) facing from each other along the longitudinal axis (Ox), each opening (231, 241) extending partly over the horizontal wall (232, 242), each element (301, 311) having a through passage ( 302, 312) located opposite the openings (231, 241) when the element (301, 311) is in the retaining position, such that the pin (1) is inserted along the axis longitudinal (Ox) in the openings s (231, 241) and through passages (302, 312) to an assembly position in which the at least one flexible strip (11) and the holes have passed through a second opening (241) of the rail (20), the at least one flexible blade (11) coming into forced contact with the elements (301, 311), the at least one blocking member (12) being inserted into the holes to prevent the extraction of the pin (1).