FR3094291A1 - TRACTABLE AND / OR AUTONOMOUS HYBRID TRAILER, ALL-TERRAIN AND AMPHIBIOUS FOR MOVING A CARGO IN A DRIVE ZONE AND / OR IN A NON-DRIVE ZONE - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hybrid trailer (100) comprising a carrying structure (10) on which are mounted a rear axle (20) comprising a pair of retractable rear wheels (21); a retractable motorized track system (30); and control means (50) of the rear axle (20) and of the track system (30) allowing the passage from a road configuration to an autonomous configuration (C2), or vice versa in which: - in the configuration of road, the rear wheels (21) are in contact with the ground and the track system (30) is retracted for movement in a drivable area by a towing vehicle, and - in autonomous configuration (C2), said track system (30) ) is in contact with the ground and the rear wheels (21) are retracted for autonomous movement in a non-drivable zone by said track system (30). Abstract figure: Figure 3

Description

TOWABLE AND/OR AUTONOMOUS, ALL-TERRAIN AND AMPHIBIOUS HYBRID TRAILER FOR MOVING CARGO IN A DRIVING AND/OR NON-DRIVING ZONE

The object of the present invention relates to the field of devices for handling and moving cargo comprising at least one heavy and/or bulky object.

The object of the present invention relates more particularly to a trailer intended for the handling and movement of cargo in a passable zone and/or in a non-passable zone.

The present invention will find many advantageous applications in various fields, including in particular the handling and movement on land of a nautical device such as for example a light boat, the present invention being particularly suitable for launching and ascent operations. of such a light boat.

By light craft within the meaning of the present invention, is meant throughout the description which follows any type of nautical craft capable of being transported by a trailer. It will be understood here that such a machine has no limit of weight and/or dimensions in particular. It may be in particular a nautical device such as for example a pleasure or sports boat (motorized or sailing for example), a jet-ski or even a fishing boat, etc.

Other advantageous applications could be envisaged within the scope of the present invention, such as for example the use of such a trailer for transporting logs in a forest environment.

Prior art

Access to the shore to reach the boat area can be difficult and sometimes requires crossing an area that cannot be driven on such as a marshy, sandy area or a meadow. This can also be the case when the boat area requires crossing a sandy beach, for example at low tide, or an area of soft ground, often inaccessible with a conventional trailer.

The document FR3029147A1 is known in the field of trailers for light craft.

The trailer proposed in this document is suitable for moving on land and launching such a light boat.

This document provides for a trailer having a motorized carrying running gear which is configured to support the hull of the boat and which comprises a sealed electric motor, in particular a geared motor unit, allowing the motorization of two sets of wheels, each set wheels comprising at least two wheels of different types, each adapted for a particular type of ground.

In this document, a system of disengageable wheels is provided so as to be able to adapt to the environment.

The operator can then control the trailer for launching and raising the boat via a control box located at the front of the trailer at the drawbar.

Such a trailer is popular with users.

In particular, this allows the user to bring his boat into a boat zone when said zone is separated from the road (driving zone) by a non-driving zone.

The Applicant nevertheless submits that the trailer as proposed in document FR3029147A1 is not fully suitable for launching, for prolonged immersion or for sinking situations.

The Applicant also points out that the trailer as proposed in document FR3029147A1 does not allow it to be towed under normal traffic conditions, in particular on the motorway (limited to 30km/h).

The Applicant also points out that the trailer as proposed in document FR3029147A1 does not provide for the implementation of a solution to seal the wheels in order to protect the braking system from corrosion.

The Applicant also points out that the trailer as proposed in document FR3029147A1 does not provide for the implementation of a solution to ensure the safety of the boat against theft, in particular in the event of prolonged parking.

Other solutions are also known in the prior art such as for example those proposed in documents EP1561637A1, EP2402210A2, US6079729 A or even document GB2419853A.

The applicant submits that the solutions proposed in these documents and intended for launching a boat are interesting, but that none of them allow the vehicle to move on the road. These are machines in their own right that are specially dedicated to launching.

Finally, document US2007272452A1 is known.

In this document, it is a hybrid trailer comprising a system of motorized tracks mounted on jacks and whose height adjustment makes it possible to cross certain non-traffic areas. On the other hand, the track system is positioned in the central portion of the chassis at the level of the wheels, which requires an elevation of the chassis to bring the tracks into contact with the ground and neutralize the wheels. This design does not provide a satisfactory answer concerning the crossing of an obstacle without a risk of sudden tipping of the load.

The Applicant also observes that nowhere in this document is there any mention of the issue of protection of braking components, or even the issue of trailer theft.

Thus, the techniques disclosed in the various documents of the prior art make it possible either to facilitate launching or to cross non-passable areas.

The Applicant seeks here to improve the various technical solutions proposed so far in the documents mentioned above.

The general problem to which the present invention claims to respond is therefore that of promoting the movement of at least one heavy and/or bulky object such as, for example, a light craft in a passable zone and/or in a non-passable zone.

One of the technical problems solved in the context of the present invention will also be to promote the operations of launching and raising a light boat.

The Applicant is also seeking to design a motorized hybrid trailer which is designed to be launched while limiting the risks of corrosion, in particular at the level of the braking system.

The Applicant claims that to date none of the solutions of the prior art can respond satisfactorily to these various problems.

Object and summary of the present invention

One of the objectives of the present invention therefore aims to improve the situation described above by proposing the design of a trailer which responds at least partially to the various problems above.

The present invention aims more particularly to remedy at least one of the various technical problems mentioned above by proposing, according to a first aspect, a hybrid trailer for moving cargo in a driveable zone and/or in a non-driveable zone.

Advantageously, the trailer according to the present invention comprises a supporting structure serving as a frame.

It will be understood here that such a structure is configured to support said cargo.

In an advantageous application of the present invention in which said cargo is a boat, it will be understood that the supporting structure is configured to support and receive at least a portion of the hull of the boat.

In this case, provision can be made, for example, for the supporting structure to include means for receiving, holding and/or stabilizing the shell, such as for example straps, rollers, pads, a V-shaped support, with adjustable opening angle or others.

Advantageously, a rear axle (for example, two half-axles) comprising at least one pair of retractable rear wheels, and a retractable motorized track system arranged at the rear of the chassis, are mounted on said supporting structure.

Advantageously, the trailer according to the present invention further comprises control means which are configured to control the rear axle and the track system so as to allow passage from a first configuration, called a road configuration, to a second configuration, called autonomous, or vice versa.

According to the present invention, the control means make it possible to place the trailer in a road configuration in which the rear wheels are in contact with the ground and the track system is retracted for movement of said trailer in a zone suitable for motor vehicles by a towing vehicle. .

According to the present invention, the control means make it possible to place the trailer in an autonomous configuration in which the track system is in contact with the ground and the rear wheels are retracted for autonomous movement in an area that cannot be driven on by the track system.

Thanks to this combination of technical means, characteristic of the present invention, and in particular thanks to the design of this hybrid trailer comprising retractable rear wheels and a retractable track system, the user of such a trailer can move his cargo and in particular his boat in a driveable area by activating the rear wheels in the road configuration to tow said trailer via the hitch using a towing vehicle, and then, in an autonomous configuration, controlling the movement of the trailer in a non-driveable area by activating the motorized track system.

Only one machine is therefore necessary here.

The Applicant observes that, in the document US2007272452A1, the wheels are not retractable, which requires having a track system whose actuation requires a significant elevation of the chassis for travel in an area that cannot be driven on. Such a design makes the trailer unstable in this type of situation.

According to different embodiments which can be combined with each other, the trailer according to the invention also has various additional characteristics.

In a particular embodiment of the present invention, a front axle is mounted on the supporting structure, such a front axle comprising at least one pair of retractable front wheels.

In this mode, provision is preferably made for the control means to be configured to control the front axle so that the front wheels are in contact with the ground in the road configuration and in the autonomous configuration.

Preferably, the front wheels are directional.

In an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, provision is made for the control means to be configured to position said trailer in a parking configuration in which the front wheels and the track system are retracted and the rear wheels are retracted so as to that said supporting structure is in direct contact with the ground to prevent the movement of said trailer.

Such a configuration makes it possible to significantly limit cargo thefts and in particular boat thefts, such boats being able to usually remain parked on the trailer for several months, especially in winter. Such a parking configuration also limits the wear of the tires of the wheels and axles.

Advantageously, the front axle and the track system are each mounted on said support structure via respectively a first and a second articulated arm that is structurally independent and operable by said control means.

Advantageously, the first and second articulated arms each comprise two connecting rods in parallel pivotally mounted between the supporting structure and respectively the front axle and the track system, each of said two connecting rods being actuated respectively by a first and a second cylinder system.

It is understood here that such a configuration of articulated arms with two connecting rods mounted, parallel to each other, to pivot between the structure and respectively the front axle and the track system makes it possible to form for each arm a deformable parallelogram under the action of the jacks.

Preferably, the first and second cylinder systems are hydraulic.

Preferably, the control means are configured to actuate the first and second jack systems so as to allow, in autonomous configuration, adjustment in height and/or adjustment of the inclination of said supporting structure forwards or back.

The possibility of adjusting the height and/or inclination of the support structure makes it possible to improve launching and recovery operations, for example.

In an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, provision is made for each of the rear wheels to incorporate a braking system, a sealed box being implemented during the retraction of said rear wheels to protect the braking system.

In this mode, provision is preferably made for the braking system of each rear wheel to be positioned inside a dome forming a bell and housed in the volume defined by the rim of said rear wheel.

Advantageously, the sealed box is implemented for each rear wheel by an assembly formed by an inflatable seal and a seal bearing flange forming a cup.

Preferably, the seal bearing flange covers the upper portion of the cupola so as to leave, in the road configuration, a peripheral space between the internal peripheral edge of the cupola and the flange. Such space is necessary to allow the wheel to spin freely.

Advantageously, the inflatable seal is housed along a peripheral groove extending over the outer peripheral edge of the seal-carrying flange, said groove facing the inner peripheral edge of said cupola.

Advantageously, the control means are configured to, when changing from the road configuration to the autonomous configuration, actuate the inflatable seal so that said seal inflates to expand until it comes into contact with the peripheral edge internal of said cupola in order to obstruct the peripheral space between the internal peripheral edge of said cupola and the flange to hermetically close the volume, defined by said cupola and said flange, housing the braking system.

Correlatively, the object of the present invention relates, according to a second aspect, to the use of a trailer such as that described above in which the cargo comprises a nautical device of the light boat type, said trailer ensuring movement of the device on earth and its launch.

Alternatively, the object of the present invention relates, according to a third aspect, to the use of a trailer such as that described above in which said cargo comprises a plurality of wooden logs.

Thus, by its various functional and structural technical characteristics described above, the present invention allows the design of a hybrid trailer allowing in particular the movement of a cargo in several situations in a drivable and/or non-driving zone.

Brief description of the appended figures

Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge from the description below, with reference to the appended figures which illustrate several examples of embodiments without any limiting character and in which:

FIG. 1 represents a schematic top view of a trailer in road configuration according to an example embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 represents a schematic top view of a trailer in the parking configuration according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 represents a schematic profile view of a trailer in road configuration according to an example embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 represents a schematic side view of a trailer in an autonomous configuration according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 represents a schematic side view of a trailer in the parking configuration according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6A represents a schematic view of the sealed box in the rest state and implemented at the level of each of the rear wheels;

FIG. 6B represents an enlargement of the sealed box implemented at the level of each of the rear wheels;

FIG. 7A represents a schematic view of the sealed box implemented at the level of each of the rear wheels in which the inflatable seal is inflated to protect the braking system;

FIG. 7B represents an enlargement of the sealed box implemented at the level of each of the rear wheels to protect the braking system.

Detailed description according to an advantageous embodiment

A trailer according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will now be described in the following with reference in conjunction to Figures 1 to 7A-7B.

It will be understood here that the present description which will follow relates mainly to a use of the trailer for watercraft such as, for example, light craft.

Such a trailer is indeed particularly suitable for handling on land and launching a light boat.

Of course, it will be understood that other examples of advantageous applications could be envisaged within the scope of the present invention.

In the field of pleasure boating or more generally in the field of navigation on light boats, it can be useful for the navigator to be able to bring his own boat to the body of water.

In certain situations, the latter does not necessarily have recourse to the installations that are conventionally found in ports or piers (launching ramp, lifting means, etc.).

In this kind of situation, we know the use of specially dedicated vehicles for access to the body of water.

These vehicles are for example those described in the documents mentioned in the preamble of the description such as for example the documents EP1561637A1, EP2402210A2 and GB2419853A. These vehicles are capable of circulating with their cargo in non-vehicle areas.

On the other hand, it is necessary to load the boat from the trailer to this type of vehicle to be able to cross the non-passable zone, which requires long and complex manipulations.

One of the objectives of the present invention therefore consists in proposing the design of a hybrid trailer 100 comprising kinematic means allowing it to present several types of configuration including:

• a route configuration, denoted here C1,
• a stand-alone configuration, denoted here C2, and
• a parking configuration, denoted here C3.

The road configuration C1, illustrated for example in FIG. 3, corresponds to a conventional trailer configuration which allows said trailer 100 to be pulled by a towing vehicle (not represented here) via a coupling system fixed to the front. of the drawbar of the trailer 100. The road configuration C1 therefore allows the towing vehicle to move the trailer 100 in a motorable area.

The autonomous configuration C2, illustrated for example in FIG. 4, corresponds to a trailer configuration implementing motorization means on board the trailer 100; here for example a caterpillar system 30, to allow autonomous movement of the trailer 100 in a non-passable area. Such an autonomous configuration C2 facilitates the crossing of a non-vehicle area such as for example an area such as a meadow separating the road from the shore, a sandy beach (in particular at low tide) or even an area having loose soil which , by nature, is difficult to access a vehicle or trailer.

The parking configuration C3, illustrated for example in FIGS. 2 and 5, corresponds to a trailer configuration 100 whose supporting structure 10 serving as a chassis is on the ground so that it becomes very difficult, even even impossible for a malicious person to hitch the trailer to his vehicle to steal the cargo it contains. This type of theft is very common in parking areas where boats are stored, especially in winter.

In the example described here and illustrated in the various figures, the trailer 100 according to the present invention comprises a supporting structure 10 which serves as a frame.

Such a structure 10 is preferably made of resistant materials such as metallic materials which have also received an anti-corrosion treatment or composite materials.

Such a supporting structure 10 comprises means configured to support and ensure the maintenance in position of the cargo and more particularly here of the boat.

In the figures illustrated here, such means are not shown. It can be any type of means designed to receive a portion of the hull of the boat and to hold it in position on said supporting structure.

These means are not the subject of the invention and will not be further described or illustrated.

The support structure 10 according to the present invention comprises displacement means.

In the example described here, a rear axle 20 comprising two semi-axles, a front axle 40 and a system of motorized tracks 30 are mounted on said supporting structure 10.

These displacement means are characteristic of the present invention in that they are movably mounted on the supporting structure 10 so as to be made active or inactive depending on the desired trailer configuration.

In this example, the two rear half-axles 20 each comprise a pair of retractable rear wheels 21. It is understood here that, when the rear wheels 21 are retracted, they are housed horizontally under the support structure 10, as illustrated in Figure 4.

The retraction of the rear wheels 21 is possible by the implementation of cylinders (not shown here) whose actuation ensures pivoting of each of the wheels relative to the supporting structure 10 so that they pass from a position in which the axle of the wheel is parallel to the ground to allow the rolling of the wheels on the ground to a position in which the axle of the wheel is perpendicular to the ground so that the active part of the tires is no longer in contact with the ground.

The person skilled in the art will understand here that he will be able to consider all the possible retraction means within the framework of the present invention to retract the rear wheels 21 under the supporting structure 10.

In this example, the front axle 40 includes a pair of directional front wheels 41 which are retractable.

In this example, the front axle 40 and the track system 30 are both mounted on the supporting structure 10 via respectively a first 42 and a second 31 articulated arm.

In this example, and as illustrated in particular in FIG. 4, the first 42 and second 31 articulated arms each comprise two connecting rods respectively 42a and 31a mounted in parallel. This connecting rod system is pivotally mounted between the supporting structure 10 and respectively the front axle 40 and the track system 30 to form a deformable parallelogram.

The deformation of this parallelogram is carried out by the actuation of a first 43 and a second 32 hydraulic cylinder systems respectively for the first 42 and the second 31 articulated arms.

The actuation of the hydraulic cylinders then allows adjustment in height and/or in inclination of the support structure 10 insofar as the articulated arms are indeed structurally independent of each other.

It is thus possible to vary the inclination of the chassis (the pitch) either forwards or backwards; this makes it possible to significantly improve obstacle clearance or launching or even to compensate for the inclination when recovering the boat. It will also be possible to manage body roll due to the independence of the arms of the track system and the torsion of the front axle.

In the context of the present invention, control means 50 are available. This may be, for example, an electronic box placed on the front part of the drawbar, such a box possibly comprising a programmed electronic card comprising instructions for controlling the actuation of the retraction means and the articulated arms in order to place the trailer 100 in one configuration or another depending on the situation and the desired use.

The control means 50 can therefore be electrically connected to the aforementioned displacement members, namely in particular the retraction means and the articulated arms. Alternatively, provision may be made for control by wireless means.

The control means 50 may comprise joysticks and/or push buttons configured to allow the actuation of the trailer 100 in one configuration or the other as well as the guidance of the trailer 100 in its movements (guidance of the front directional wheels for example and/or guidance of the track system and the motorization for example).

In the example described here and illustrated in FIG. 3, the trailer 100 is in its road configuration C1. Here we are in a classic situation in which the user of the trailer 100 has transported his boat on the road to a parking lot (driving area) near a boat area for launching.

In this configuration, the rear wheels 21 are in contact with the ground, which allowed the movement of the boat to this area by hitching the trailer to a towing vehicle via a coupling system.

Here, we understand that this parking area is however separated from the boat area by an area that cannot be driven on (a meadow or a sandy beach at low tide), such a situation being classic.

The trailer according to the present invention is configured to overcome such an obstacle, which is not possible with the current solutions of the state of the art.

The user via the control means 50 can indeed actuate the first system of hydraulic cylinders 43 to raise the front part of the supporting structure 10 as well as the second system of hydraulic cylinders 32 to raise the rear part of the support structure 10 so that the front wheels 41 and the track system 30 are in contact with the ground.

The control means 50 are configured to actuate the retraction means at the same time so that the rear wheels 21 are retracted under the support structure 10 and are no longer in contact with the ground.

The trailer 100 is then positioned in its autonomous configuration C2 and can move autonomously in the non-driving zone via the motorized track system 30 and the front axle 40. It is understood here that the track system 30 incorporates means of motorization (hydraulic, electric or other) allowing the actuation of the caterpillars for movement in non-passable areas.

Alternatively, it can also be considered that the user wishes to park his boat 100 for a prolonged period in this parking area.

The present invention provides in this case the possibility of positioning the trailer in a parking configuration C3 (illustrated in FIG. 5) which significantly limits the risk of theft.

In this situation, the user can indeed via the control means position the trailer 100 in parking configuration C3 so as to retract the front wheels 41 and the track system 30 while retracting the rear wheels 21.

The load-bearing structure 10 of the trailer bears directly on the ground in this configuration C3, which prevents a thief from hitching the trailer to his vehicle and carrying it away fraudulently.

Such a configuration is particularly appreciated in this type of application; the costs of a boat are indeed very high and it has been easy until now for thieves to hitch the trailer on which the boat is resting in prolonged parking mode during a period of inactivity (winter period for example ).

The present invention also aims to protect the braking system (here example of drum) of the rear wheels when these are retracted and the trailer 100 is capable, in autonomous configuration C2, of rolling in water.

Indeed, the braking system integrated in the rear wheels 21 comprises mechanical parts (brake drum, brake disc, etc.) which are likely to deteriorate in contact with water and in particular sea water.

This is not desirable for obvious safety reasons since it would endanger the user of the trailer whose braking would be impaired.

To remedy this problem, the present invention provides for the implementation of a sealed box 60 during the retraction of the rear wheels 21.

In the example described here and illustrated in FIGS. 6A-6B and 7A-7B, the braking system of each rear wheel 21 is positioned inside a dome 61 which forms a protective bell; this bell is housed in the volume defined by the rim 21a of the rear wheel 21.

In this example, the implementation of the sealed box 60 is made possible by an assembly formed by an inflatable seal 62, a seal carrier flange 63 and the dome 61.

In the example described here, the inflatable seal 62 is housed along a peripheral groove 63b extending over the outer peripheral edge 63a of said seal holder flange 63, said groove 63b facing the inner peripheral edge 61a of said dome. 61.

There is, in road configuration C1, a peripheral space EP between the inner peripheral edge 61a of the cupola 61 and the outer peripheral edge 63a of said flange 63 (see FIG. 6B). Such a space EP allows the wheel to rotate on itself along the axis of the wheel spindle.

By obstructing this space EP, the volume defined by the dome 61 and the flange 63 which houses the braking system becomes sealed.

The control means 50 are therefore configured to, when changing from the road configuration C1 to the autonomous configuration C2, actuate the inflatable seal 62 so that said seal 62 inflates to expand until it comes into contact with the internal peripheral edge 61a of the dome 61 in order to obstruct said peripheral space EP (see FIG. 7B) and thus hermetically seal the volume defined by the dome 61 and the flange 63.

It is also possible to provide a sensor housed for example at the level of the wheel 21 (for example the rim 21a) and which is capable of detecting that the trailer 100 enters the water.

Such a sensor can then generate a warning signal intended for the control means 50 so that the latter trigger the actuation of the inflatable joint 62 of each of the wheels only in the event of immersion.

The present invention therefore provides for the implementation of a waterproof box 60 aimed specifically at protecting the braking system of the wheels in the event of immersion.

The trailer 100 developed within the framework of the present invention allows both the transport of a boat by road in the traditional way (road configuration C1 illustrated in FIG. 3), the transformation of the latter into an autonomous machine, while -terrain and amphibious (autonomous configuration C2 illustrated in figure 4) and finally parking flat on the chassis (parking configuration C3 illustrated in figure 5) without any of the rolling bodies touching the ground which not only allows d to avoid theft but also protects these components from any premature wear during prolonged parking; moreover, in this C3 configuration, retracting the road train horizontally makes it possible to keep the load space as close as possible to the wheels and thus maintain the center of gravity of the load as low as possible, unlike retracting vertical.

The trailer 100 developed within the framework of the present invention also makes it possible, when it is in autonomous configuration C2, to vary the rolling height and therefore to modify the ground clearance, to tilt the chassis forwards or rear, to overcome obstacles without the rolling assembly tilting suddenly when the center of gravity of the assembly crosses the lift zone.

The present invention therefore proposes an innovative design of trailer 100 which offers numerous advantages such as in particular:

• partial or total immersion of the trailer in water;
• protection of the brakes in a sealed box avoiding premature corrosion of the mechanical parts of the brakes (drum, disc, etc.);
• the retraction of the road train horizontally to maintain the total integrity of the load space without having to raise the center of gravity of the load and therefore ensure optimum road holding,
• the inclination of the chassis forwards or backwards;
• crossing obstacles smoothly without tilting the trailer when, for example, the center of gravity of the assembly exceeds the support surface;
• moving the trailer by positioning the chassis so that it is very close to the ground to reduce the height, for example when you have to enter a garage;
• anti-theft protection in parking configuration;
• reducing the risk of getting stuck by ensuring movement by the motorized track system in autonomous configuration.
• the possibility of replacing a punctured wheel without a jack.

Thus, the Applicant considers that the present invention, thanks to this innovative trailer design, makes it possible to combine all the functionalities of the prior art by adding new functionalities.

Of course, those skilled in the art will understand here that other applications could be envisaged within the scope of the present invention, such as for example the use of such a trailer for transporting logs of wood in a forest environment (hilly and not driveable). It should be noted that this detailed description relates to a particular embodiment of the present invention, but that in no case this description is in any way limiting to the subject of the invention; on the contrary, it aims to remove any possible imprecision or any misinterpretation of the claims that follow. It should also be noted that the reference signs placed between parentheses in the following claims are in no way limiting; these signs have the sole purpose of improving the intelligibility and understanding of the following claims as well as the scope of the protection sought.

Claims (15)

Hybrid trailer (100) for moving cargo in a driveable area and/or in a non-driveable area, said trailer (100) comprising a supporting structure (10) serving as a chassis on which are mounted at least:
a rear axle (20) comprising at least one pair of retractable rear wheels (21); and
a retractable motorized track system (30) disposed at the rear of said frame;
said trailer (100) comprising control means (50) configured to control the rear axle (20), said track system (30) so as to authorize the passage of a first configuration (C1), called road, to a second configuration (C2), called autonomous, or vice versa,
in which :
in the road configuration (C1), the rear wheels (21) are in contact with the ground and the track system (30) is retracted to allow movement of the said trailer (100) in a zone suitable for motor vehicles by a tractor vehicle, and
in autonomous configuration (C2), said caterpillar system (30) is in contact with the ground and the rear wheels (21) are retracted to allow autonomous movement in an area that cannot be driven on by said caterpillar system (30). Trailer (100) according to claim 1,
wherein a front axle (40) is mounted on said supporting structure (10), said front axle (40) comprising at least one pair of retractable front wheels (41), and
wherein the control means (40) are configured to control said front axle (40) so that the front wheels (41) are in contact with the ground in road configuration (C1) and in autonomous configuration (C2) . A trailer (100) according to claim 2, wherein the front wheels (41) are directional. Trailer (100) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the control means (50) is configured to position said trailer (100) in a parking configuration (C3) in which the front wheels (41) and the track system (30) are retracted and the rear wheels (21) are retracted so that said supporting structure (10) is in direct contact with the ground to prevent the movement of said trailer (100). Trailer (100) according to any one of Claims 2 to 4, in which the front axle (40) and the track system (30) are each mounted on the said supporting structure (10) via a first (42) and second (31) structurally independent articulated arms operable by said control means (50). Trailer (100) according to Claim 5, in which the first (42) and second (31) articulated arms each comprise two connecting rods (42a, 31a) in parallel pivotally mounted between the said carrying structure (10) and respectively the front axle (40) and the track system (30), each of said two connecting rods (42a, 31a) being actuated respectively by a first (43) and a second (32) cylinder system. A trailer (100) according to claim 6, wherein the first (43) and second (32) jack systems are hydraulic. Trailer (100) according to one of Claims 6 or 7, in which the control means (50) are configured to actuate the first (43) and second (32) jack systems so as to allow, in an autonomous configuration (C2 ), height adjustment and/or adjustment of the inclination of said supporting structure (10) forwards or backwards. Trailer (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which each of the rear wheels (21) incorporates a braking system, a sealed box (60) being implemented during the retraction of the said rear wheels (21) to protect said braking system. Trailer (100) according to Claim 9, in which the braking system of each rear wheel (21) is positioned inside a dome (61), forming a bell, housed in the volume defined by the rim (21a ) of said rear wheel (21). Trailer (100) according to claim 10, in which the sealed box (60) is implemented for each rear wheel (21) by an assembly formed by an inflatable seal (62) and a seal carrying flange (63) forming a cup , said seal bearing flange (63) covering the upper portion of the cupola (61) so as to leave, in road configuration (C1), a peripheral space (EP) between the internal peripheral edge (61a) of the said cupola (61) and the outer peripheral edge (63a) of said flange (63). A trailer (100) according to claim 11, wherein said inflatable seal (62) is housed along a peripheral groove (63b) extending over the outer peripheral edge (63a) of said seal bearing flange (63), said groove (63b) facing the inner peripheral edge (61a) of said cupola (61). Trailer (100) according to Claim 11 or 12, in which the control means (50) are configured to, during the passage from the road configuration (C1) to the autonomous configuration (C2), actuate the said inflatable seal (62) so that said seal (62) swells to expand until it comes into contact with the inner peripheral edge (61a) of said dome (61) in order to obstruct said peripheral space (EP) between the peripheral edge (61a) of said dome (61) and said outer peripheral edge (63a) of said flange (63) to hermetically close the volume, defined by said dome (61) and said flange (63), housing said braking system. Use of a trailer (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, in which said cargo comprises a nautical craft of the light craft type, said trailer (100) ensuring movement of said craft on land and its water. Use of a trailer (100) according to any of claims 1 to 13, wherein said cargo comprises a plurality of logs.