FR3087738A1 - METHOD FOR ASSISTING THE DECOMPRESSION OF THE ATMOSPHERE OF A MACHINE COCKPIT AND MACHINE COCKPIT CAPABLE OF ALLOWING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SAID METHOD - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for helping to decompress the atmosphere of a vehicle interior (20), said interior space (20) delimiting an enclosure inside which at least one occupant of the vehicle is able to take place, this passenger compartment (20) comprising at least one door (1) for accessing said enclosure and a tailgate (8) for closing an opening of the enclosure, said door (1) being mounted movably between an open position and a closed position, and said tailgate (8) being coupled to the enclosure by a pivot connection and having a closed state in which it is immobilized in pivoting movement and is pressed against said opening of the enclosure and an open state in which, it is moved away from the opening of the enclosure, and / or mounted to move freely to pivot between a position close to the opening of the enclosure and a position away from the opening of the enclosure. The method comprises a step of opening the tailgate (8) corresponding to the passage of the tailgate (8) from the closed state to the open state by moving the door (1) from the closed position to the open position.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a method for assisting the decompression of the atmosphere in a vehicle interior, as well as to a vehicle interior capable of allowing the implementation of said method.

It relates more particularly to a method of helping to decompress the atmosphere of a vehicle interior, said interior delimiting an enclosure inside which at least one occupant of the vehicle is able to take place, this passenger compartment comprising at least one access door to said enclosure and a tailgate for closing an opening of the enclosure, said door being movably mounted between an open position and a closed position, and said tailgate being coupled to the enclosure by a pivot connection and having a closed state in which it is immobilized in pivoting movement and is pressed against said opening of the enclosure and an open state in which it is spaced from the opening of the enclosure, and / or mounted free in pivoting movement between a position close to the opening of the enclosure and a position away from the opening of the enclosure.

PRIOR ART Machinery, in particular handling machinery, has a passenger compartment in the form of a cabin, the access door of which is frequently opened and closed by its driver.

The driver of the machine undergoes, each time the door is closed, an unpleasant compression of his eardrums.

This compression results from the compression of air inside the enclosure of the passenger compartment generated by the closing of the door after opening.

To avoid this known phenomenon, vehicle compartments are equipped with a valve.

However, these valves are generally insufficient because they are dimensioned for the air conditioning 2 and are not suited to the door area / volume ratio of the enclosure of the passenger compartment which is unfavorable on this type of vehicle.

AIMS AND SUMMARY One aim of the invention is to provide a decompression aid method of the aforementioned type, with a simplified implementation.

Another object of the invention is to provide a vehicle interior, the design of which makes it possible to reliably avoid compression of the air in the interior when the door of the interior is closed.

To this end, the invention relates to a method for helping to decompress the atmosphere of a vehicle interior, said interior delimiting an enclosure inside which at least one occupant of the vehicle is suitable. to take place, this passenger compartment comprising at least one access door to said enclosure and a tailgate for closing an opening of the enclosure, said door being mounted movably between an open position and a closed position, and said tailgate being coupled to the enclosure by a pivot connection and exhibiting a closed state in which it is immobilized in pivoting movement and is pressed against said opening of the enclosure and an open state in which it is moved away from the opening of the enclosure. enclosure, and / or mounted free in pivoting movement between a position close to the opening of the enclosure and a position away from the opening of the enclosure, characterized in that it comprises a step 25 of opening the enclosure. tailgate corresponding to the passage of the tailgate from the iron state me in the open state by moving the door from the closed position to the open position.

The passage of the tailgate from the closed state to the open state by simply opening the door makes it possible to ensure that the tailgate is open at the moment when the operator of the machine wishes to close the door.

3 According to an embodiment of the method, the method comprises, after the step of opening the tailgate, a step of closing the tailgate corresponding to the passage of the tailgate from the open state to the closed state from the closing of the door, the closing of the tailgate being subsequent to the closing of the door.

The phase difference between the door closing step and the tailgate closing step allows the tailgate to be closed after the door has been completely closed.

Another subject of the invention is a vehicle interior, said interior delimiting an enclosure inside which at least one occupant of the vehicle is able to take place, this interior comprising at least one access door. to said enclosure and a tailgate for closing an opening of the enclosure, said door being movably mounted between an open position and a closed position and said tailgate being coupled to the enclosure by a pivot connection and having a closed state, in which it is immobilized in pivoting movement and is pressed against said opening of the enclosure, and an open state, in which it is moved away from the opening of the enclosure and / or mounted free in pivoting movement between a position close to the opening of the enclosure and a position away from the opening of the enclosure, said passenger compartment comprising a mechanism 20 for controlling the opening of the tailgate for the tailgate to switch from the closed state to the open state, characterized in that at least one p part of the tailgate opening control mechanism for changing the tailgate from the closed state to the open state is formed by the door.

The fact that at least a part of the control mechanism for opening the tailgate is formed by the door allows, in the closed state of the tailgate, the passage of the tailgate from the closed state to the open state, by opening of the tailgate. the door.

In the closed state of the tailgate, the passage of the tailgate from the closed state to the open state is therefore allowed to the state driven by movement of the door from the closed position to the open position.

Thus, no human intervention other than opening the door is necessary to allow opening of the tailgate in the closed state of said tailgate 4 In other words, the tailgate opening control mechanism is configured to control the passage. from the closed state to the open state by opening the door.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the passenger compartment comprises a tailgate closing control mechanism configured to allow, in the open state of the tailgate, the tailgate to pass from the open state to the closed state, in the closed position of the door, after closing said door. to In other words, the control mechanism for closing the tailgate is configured to control the passage of the tailgate from the open state to the closed state by closing the door, the closing of the tailgate being subsequent to the closing of the door. door.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the tailgate closing control mechanism is at least partially common with the tailgate opening control mechanism.

The result is a simplicity of the interior.

According to one embodiment of the invention, at least part of the mechanism 20 for controlling the closing of the tailgate is formed by the door.

The passenger compartment therefore comprises a control mechanism for closing the tailgate, at least part of which is formed by the door to allow, in the open state of the tailgate, the tailgate to pass from the open state to the closed state, in 25 closed position of the door, after closing said door.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the tailgate opening control mechanism comprises at least one tailgate closing member movably mounted between a so-called open position corresponding to the open state of the tailgate and a so-called closed position corresponding to the closed state of the tailgate.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the tailgate closing member is coupled to the door by a connecting system interposed between the door and the tailgate closing member.

Thanks to the integral mounting in movement of the door and the tailgate over part of the travel of the door, this therefore results in the possibility of controlling the movement of the tailgate from the door.

Likewise, the tailgate closing control mechanism, when it is present, comprises at least one tailgate closing member to movably mounted between a so-called open position corresponding to the open state of the tailgate and a so-called closed position. corresponding to the closed state of the tailgate, this tailgate closing member being coupled to the door by a connecting system interposed between the door and the tailgate closing member, the tailgate closing member and the connecting system of the tailgate closing control mechanism being respectively common with the tailgate closing member and the linkage system of the tailgate opening control mechanism.

Thanks to the integral mounting in movement of the door and the tailgate over part of the travel of the door, this therefore results in the possibility of controlling the movement of the tailgate from the door and of ensuring that the tailgate closes subsequently. when the door is closed.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the connection system comprises, from the door in the direction of the tailgate closing member, an actuator coupled to a relay member itself coupled via a movement transmission system to the tailgate closing member, said actuator being equipped with return means to form, preferably, a gas cylinder also called a gas spring or a spring loaded cylinder.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the relay member is mounted to move between two positions, one corresponding to the closed position of the tailgate closing member, the other to the open position of the tailgate. The tailgate closing member and the passenger compartment comprises means for temporarily holding the relay member in a position corresponding to the open position of the tailgate closing member, said temporary holding means, which can be activated / deactivated as a function of the position occupied by the door, being configured to be activated under the action of the movement of the door from the closed position to the open position and deactivated in the closed position of the door, and the actuator return means being configured to return the relay member to a position corresponding to the closed position of the tailgate closing member in the deactivated state of the temporary holding means.

According to one embodiment of the invention, said relay member is a pivoting lever with ratchet teeth and the temporary holding means comprise a pawl or a spring loaded pawl, this pawl or pawl being movably mounted between an active position of the pawls. holding means in which said pawl or pawl is in bearing contact with the toothing of the lever and an inactive position of the holding means in which said pawl or pawl is spaced from the toothing of the lever, said pawl or pawl being returned to 20 position activated by the spring.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the pawl or pawl has a part against which the door is in bearing contact in the closed position of the door and from which the door is spaced in the open position of the door, said pawl or pawl being in the closed position of the door held in the inactive position by the bearing contact of the door against the spring tending to return the pawl or pawl in the active position.

According to one embodiment of the invention, said tailgate closing member is an airlock, such as a toggle, comprising two links articulated to each other and one connected to the tailgate, the other to the transmission system. of movement.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the movement transmission system between the tailgate closing member and the relay member comprises between said members, at least one cable, a set of levers, a pivoting rod 5, and an operating member, the movement of the cable wound at least partially around the relay member and integral in displacement of the latter being able to be transmitted by means of the set of levers coupled for one, to the cable, for the other or another of the levers to the pivoting rod, this pivoting rod being integrally engaged in movement with the operating member of the tailgate closing member.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the tailgate closing member is a member that can be actuated manually from inside the enclosure for the passage of said closure member from the closed position to the open position.

This results in the possibility for the operator to open the tailgate from inside the cockpit in the event of a problem inside the cockpit.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of exemplary embodiments, with reference to the appended drawings in which: FIG. 1 represents a perspective view of a vehicle with which the passenger compartment is fitted. a control mechanism for opening / closing the tailgate according to the invention; FIG. 2 represents a partial view of a control mechanism for opening / closing the tailgate in the closed state of the tailgate; 30 15 20 Figure 3 shows a partial perspective view of a movement transmission system between a relay member and a closing member 8 of the tailgate, Figure 4 shows a partial schematic view of an opening control mechanism / closing the tailgate in the closed state of the tailgate; 5 shows a partial schematic view of a control mechanism for opening / closing the tailgate in the open state of the tailgate, the door being opened; to FIG. 6 represents a partial schematic view of a control mechanism for opening / closing the tailgate in the door opening end-of-travel position; FIG. 7 represents a partial schematic view of the passenger compartment in the open state of the tailgate; FIG. 8 represents a partial schematic view of a mechanism for controlling the opening / closing of the tailgate in the open state of the tailgate, the door being closed; FIG. 9 represents a partial schematic view of a mechanism for controlling the opening / closing of the tailgate in the open state of the tailgate just before closing the door; FIG. 10 represents a partial schematic view of a mechanism for controlling the opening / closing of the tailgate in the open state of the tailgate and in the closed position of the door; FIG. 11 represents a schematic view of a control mechanism 30 for opening / closing the tailgate in the closed state of the tailgate and in the closed position of the door; FIG. 12 represents a partial schematic view of a control mechanism for opening / closing the tailgate in the closed state of the tailgate; FIG. 13 represents a partial schematic view of a mechanism for controlling the opening / closing of the tailgate in the closed state of the tailgate and; FIG. 14 represents a partial schematic view of a control mechanism for opening / closing the tailgate in the open state of the tailgate.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION As mentioned above, the subject of the invention is a passenger compartment 20 of a machine 23, such as a handling machine, this machine being formed here by a four-wheeled vehicle, with a telescopic boom, provided with a side cabin.

The passenger compartment 20 of the machine, which is in the general form of a cabin, delimits an enclosure 21 inside which the driver of the machine is able to take place.

20 For this purpose, the passenger compartment 20 comprises a door 1 for access to the enclosure 21.

This door 1 is generally arranged on one side of the passenger compartment while the rear part of the passenger compartment is provided with an opening 210 equipped with a tailgate 8.

Door 1 is a pivot door movably mounted between a closed position and an open position.

Likewise, the tailgate 8 is connected to the rest of the passenger compartment 20 by a pivot connection 24.

This tailgate selectively has two states, namely a closed state, in which it is immobilized in pivoting movement and is pressed against said opening 210 of the enclosure 21 and an open state in which it is moved away from the opening 210 of the 'enclosure 21, and / or 30 mounted free in pivoting movement between a position close to the opening 210 of the enclosure 21 and a position away from the opening 210 of the enclosure 21.

The invention aims to eliminate an air compression inside the enclosure 21 of the passenger compartment, this air compression being able to be generated by the closing of the door 1 after opening.

The passenger compartment 20 therefore comprises a mechanism 22 for controlling the opening of the tailgate 8 configured to allow, in the closed state of the tailgate 8, the passage of the tailgate 8 from the closed state to the open state by simply opening the door. door 1.

At least part of this mechanism 22 for controlling the opening of the tailgate 10 is therefore formed by the door 1.

The closing of the tailgate 8, once opened, can be operated manually in the closed state of the door 1.

However, preferably, the passenger compartment 20 comprises a mechanism 25 for controlling the closing of the tailgate 8 as in the examples shown.

Again, at least part of the mechanism 25 for controlling the closing of the tailgate 8 is formed by the door 1 to allow the open state of the tailgate 8, the passage of the tailgate 8 from the open state to the closed state, in the closed position of door 1, after closing said door 1.

The use of the door for the closing control of the tailgate 8 makes it possible to control this closing in a safe manner and to shift the closing of the door and the closing of the tailgate in order to avoid closing the tailgate before complete closing of the door.

Although the mechanism 25 for controlling the closing of the tailgate 8 may be distinct from the mechanism 22 for controlling the opening of the tailgate, preferably, and as in the examples shown, the mechanism 25 for controlling the closing of the tailgate 8 is at least partially common. with the mechanism 22 for opening the tailgate 8.

The mechanism 22 for controlling the opening of the tailgate therefore comprises at least one member 11 for closing the tailgate 8 movably mounted between a so-called open position corresponding to the open state of the tailgate 8 and a so-called closed position corresponding to the closed state of the tailgate. 8.

This member 11 for closing the tailgate 8 is coupled to the door 1 by a connecting system 26 interposed between the door 1 and the member 11 for closing the tailgate 8.

Similarly, the mechanism 25 for controlling the closing of the tailgate comprises at least one member 11 for closing the tailgate 8 movably mounted between a so-called open position corresponding to the open state of the tailgate 8 and a so-called closed position corresponding to the tailgate closed state 8.

This member 11 for closing the tailgate 8 is coupled to the door 1 by a connecting system 26 interposed between the door 1 and the member 11 for closing the tailgate 8.

The body 11 for closing the tailgate 8 of the mechanism 22 for controlling the opening of the tailgate 8 and the organel 1 for closing the tailgate 8 of the mechanism 25 to for controlling the opening of the tailgate 8 are common and formed by the same member.

Likewise, the connection system 26 interposed between the door 1 and the member 11 for closing the tailgate 8 of the mechanism 22 for controlling the opening of the tailgate 8 and the link system 26 interposed between the door 1 and the member 11 of closing the tailgate 8 of the control mechanism 25 for closing the tailgate 8 are common and formed by one and the same system.

The tailgate opening control mechanism 22 and the tailgate closing control mechanism 25 therefore form, when they are at least partially in common, as described above, a tailgate opening / closing control mechanism.

In the examples shown, the connection system 26 comprises, from the door 1 in the direction of the device 11 for closing the tailgate 8, an actuator 2 coupled to a 3 relay device itself coupled via a transmission system 10. movement to the device 11 for closing the tailgate 8.

The actuator 2 is a jack, the body of which is fixed to the door and the rod to the member 3 relay or vice versa.

This cylinder is equipped with return means 9 to form a gas cylinder also called a gas spring or a spring loaded cylinder.

30 The 3 relay member is for its part mounted to move between two positions, one corresponding to the closed position of the member 11 for closing the tailgate 8, the other to the open position of the member 11 for closing. tailgate 8.

12 The passenger compartment 20 comprises means 4 for temporarily holding the member 3 relay in a position corresponding to the open position of the member 11 for closing the tailgate 8.

These temporary holding means 4, which can be activated / deactivated depending on the position occupied by the door 1, are configured to be activated under the action of the movement of the door 1 from the closed position to the open position and deactivated in the closed position. of door 1.

The return means 9 of the actuator 2 are for their part configured to return the member 3 relay to a position corresponding to the closed position of the member 11 for closing the tailgate 8 in the deactivated state of the means 4 to temporary maintenance.

In the examples shown, said relay member 3 relaying the control of the door to the closing member 11 is a pivoting lever 3 coupled by the movement transmission system 10 to the closing member 11 of the tailgate 8.

In the example shown in Figures 1 to 10, the member 11 for closing the tailgate 8 is a half-open device formed by a toggle comprising two links 110, 111 articulated together and one connected to the tailgate 8, the other , to the motion transmission system 10.

Such a knee pad is well known to those skilled in this art, and the knee pad described in patent FR 2 815 372 can for example be used.

In this embodiment of the closing member 11, the open state of the tailgate 8 corresponds to a state in which the tailgate 8 is moved away from the opening of the enclosure.

In the example shown in Figures 11 to 14, the closure member 11 is a spring loaded hook which fully releases the tailgate 8 in the open state so that the open state of the tailgate 8 corresponds to a state in. in which the tailgate 8 is mounted free in pivoting movement between a position close to the opening of the enclosure and a position away from the opening of the enclosure.

This hook 13 which forms the member 11 for closing the tailgate 8 engages a part of the tailgate in the closed state of the tailgate.

The tailgate 8 tends under the effect of its own weight or by means of a spring to be returned to a bearing position against the opening 210 of the enclosure 21.

5 The pivoting lever constituting the 3 relay member is, in the examples shown, a lever 3 with ratchet teeth and the means 4 for temporarily holding said lever with ratchet teeth in a position corresponding to the open position of the member. 11 for closing the tailgate 8 comprise a pawl 41 or a pawl loaded by a spring 42.

This pawl 41 is movably mounted between an active position of the retaining means 4 in which the pawl 41 is in bearing contact with the toothing 31 of the lever and an inactive position of the retaining means 4 in which the pawl 41 is spaced from the toothing 31 of the lever.

This pawl 41 is returned to the active position by the spring 42.

This spring 42 is a hairpin spring wound around the pivot axis of the pivoting lever constituting the pawl 41.

The pivoting lever constituting the pawl 41 is, for its part, a lever with two branches with one of the branches able to come into contact with bearing on the teeth 31 of the lever 3 with ratchet teeth and the other branch having a part 5 against which the door 1 is in bearing contact in the closed position of the door.

The pawl 41 is therefore mounted to move between an active position of the retaining means 4 in which the pawl 41 is in bearing contact with the toothing 31 of the ratchet tooth lever 3 and an inactive position of the retaining means 4 in which said pawl 41 is spaced from the teeth 31 of the ratchet tooth lever 3.

The pawl 41 is returned to the active position by the spring 42 and is held in the inactive position by the bearing contact of the door 1 against the spring 42 tending to return the pawl 41 to the active position.

In the examples shown, the relay member 3 is able to be driven in pivoting movement by the actuator 2 equipped with the return means 9 and forming a gas spring or cylinder.

Consequently, when the door 1 is opened by the driver of the machine, as illustrated by the passage from FIG. 4 to FIG. 5, the gas spring or cylinder extends, that is to say the rod exits from the cylinder body or springs to an end position of the rod output.

Beyond this output position of the rod, the continued opening of the door drives, via the gas spring or cylinder, the angular displacement of the lever 3 with ratchet teeth.

In parallel with this angular movement of the lever, the pawl 4 is brought into the active position of bearing on the teeth of the lever 3 with ratchet teeth, the opening of the door having eliminated the bearing contact which was exerted between door and ratchet 4.

Thanks to this cooperation between the pawl 4 and the teeth of the ratchet-toothed lever 3, the ratchet-toothed lever 3 is prevented from returning to its angular position corresponding to the closed position of the door 1.

The angular displacement of the ratchet-toothed lever 3 is transmitted via the movement transmission system 10 to the tailgate closing member 11 formed by the toggle or the hook.

In the example shown, the system 10 for transmitting movement between the member 11 for closing the tailgate 8 and the member 3 relay comprises, arranged between said members 3 and 11, a cable 101, three levers 102, 103, 104 connected to each other, a pivoting rod also called torsion bar 106 25 and an operating member 105.

The cable 101 is wound around the ratchet lever and is secured by its ends to the lever 102.

The cable 101 is coupled to the ratchet-tooth lever 3 so that the angular movement of the ratchet-tooth lever 3 causes parallel movement of the cable 101 which according to the angular movement of the ratchet-tooth lever 3 pivotally drives the cable 101. lever 102 in one direction or the other.

The movement of the lever 102 is transmitted, via the levers 103 and 104, to the pivoting rod 106 which itself drives the actuator 105 of the toggle in pivoting movement.

This actuator 105 is again formed by a pivoting lever coupled at one end to the pivoting rod 106 and at the other end to one of the links, in this case the link 111, of the toggle or to the hook forming the closure member 11 in the example of Figures 11 to 14.

The movement control of the link 111 of the toggle or of the hook causes the tailgate 8 to pass from the closed state to the open state.

When the door is closed, the cylinder 2 retracts, that is to say the rod of the cylinder enters the body of the cylinder.

The jack tends, during its retraction, to exert a thrust on the lever 3 with ratchet teeth which remains in position because it is retained by the pawl 4.

The cylinder 2, being a gas cylinder or spring, the gas inside the chamber of the cylinder 2 or of the spring is compressed during this retraction of the cylinder or the spring.

In the closed position of the door 1, the door 1 bears against the pawl 4 causing the pawl 4 to move away from the teeth of the lever 3 with ratchet teeth.

The lever 3 with ratchet teeth released from the yoke of the pawl 4 can then, under the effect of the thrust generated by the gas cylinder 2, and resulting from the expansion of the gas inside the gas cylinder 2, be driven moving 20 in a direction tending to control the movement of the member 11 for closing the tailgate 8 from the open position to the closed position.

In fact, the angular movement of the lever 3 with ratchet teeth is again, via the movement transmission system 10 as described above, transmitted to the member 11 for closing the tailgate 8.

The gas from the cylinder 2 or compressed gas spring during the closing phase of the door therefore forms a compressible deformable element which here constitutes the means 9 for returning the ratchet-toothed lever 3 to a position corresponding to the closed position of the 'tailgate closing member 11 8.

These return means 9 are, in general, configured to store energy during movement of the door 1 between the open and closed positions and to restore the energy accumulated in the closed position of the door 1 to the door 1. from the closing sequence of door 1.

In the example shown, the return means 9, that is to say the gas from the chamber of the cylinder 2, and the elements, namely the body and the rod, of the cylinder 2 5 form an assembly constituting a simple gas spring or spring.

As a variant, the jack 2 could have been fitted with a spring forming the means 9 for returning the relay member 3 to the closed state of the tailgate 8, to the deactivated state of the temporary holding means 4, that is, that is to say in the removed state of the pawl 4 from the teeth of the ratchet-tooth lever.

In this embodiment, the spring tends to compress during the closing phase of the door before relaxing in the released state of the ratchet tooth lever, that is to say when the pawl 4 is spaced from the teeth of the ratchet lever to angularly drive said ratchet lever.

The damping constituting the phase shift can then be effected by means of friction.

Thanks to this phase shift between the closing of the door 1 and the closing of the tailgate 8, the door 1 is closed while the tailgate 8 remains open so that a compression of the air inside the passenger compartment is. avoided when closing the door.

To complete the whole, the member 11 for closing the tailgate 8 may be a member that can be actuated manually from inside the chamber 21.

The opening / closing control mechanism of the tailgate 8 as described above is therefore configured to control the passage of the member 11 for closing the tailgate 8 from the closed position to the open position and consequently the passage of the tailgate. 8 from the closed state to the open state by moving the door 1 from the closed position to the open position, that is to say, by opening the door, and controlling the passage of the member 11 of closing of the tailgate 8 from the open position to the closed position and consequently the passage of the tailgate 8 from the open state to the closed state under the action of the movement of the door 1 from the open position to the closed position, that is to say by closing the door, said passage taking place in the closed position of door 1.

The tailgate opening / closing control mechanism 8 is therefore configured to control the opening of the tailgate from the opening of the door and the closing of the tailgate from the closing of the door, the closing of the tailgate being. after closing the door. lo As a variant, the opening / closing control mechanism could have included a servomotor for controlling the movement of the closing member 11 and a sensor for detecting the opening and / or closing of the door,

Claims (15)

CLAIMS 1. Method for helping to decompress the atmosphere of a passenger compartment (20) of a machine (23), said passenger compartment (20) delimiting an enclosure (21) inside which at least one occupant of the machine is able to take place, this passenger compartment (20) comprising at least one door (1) for access to said enclosure (21) and a tailgate (8) for closing an opening (210) of the enclosure (21) , said door (1) being movably mounted between an open position and a closed position, and said tailgate (8) being coupled to the enclosure (21) by a pivot connection (24) and having a closed state in which it is immobilized in pivotal movement and is pressed against said opening (210) of the enclosure (21) and an open state in which it is moved away from the opening (210) of the enclosure (21), and / or mounted free in pivoting movement between a position close to the opening (210) of the enclosure (21) and a position away from the opening (210) of the enclosure (21), characterized in that it comprises a state eg opening of the tailgate (8) corresponding to the passage of the tailgate (8) from the closed state to the open state by moving the door (1) from the closed position to the open position. 20 2. A method of helping to decompress the atmosphere of a passenger compartment (20) of a vehicle (23) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises, after the step of opening the tailgate (8) ), a step of closing the tailgate (8) corresponding to the passage of the tailgate (8) from the open state to the closed state from the closing of the door (1), the closing of the tailgate (8) being after closing the door (1). 3. Cockpit (20) of the vehicle (23), said cabin (20) delimiting an enclosure (21) inside which at least one occupant of the vehicle (23) is able to take place, this cabin (20) comprising at least one door (1) for accessing said enclosure (21) and a tailgate (8) for closing an opening (210) of the enclosure (21), said door (1) being mounted movable between an open position and a closed position and said tailgate (8) being coupled to the enclosure (21) by a pivot connection (24) and exhibiting a closed state, in which it is immobilized in pivoting movement and is flattened against said opening (210) of the enclosure (21), and an open state, in which it is moved away from the opening (210) 5 of the enclosure (21) and / or mounted freely in pivoting movement between a position close to the opening (210) of the enclosure (21) and a position away from the opening (210) of the enclosure (21), said passenger compartment (20) comprising an opening control mechanism (22) tailgate ( 8) for the passage of the tailgate (8) from the closed state to the open state, characterized in that at least part of the mechanism (22) for controlling the opening of the tailgate (8) for the passage of the tailgate (8) from the closed state to the open state is formed by the door (1). 4. Cabin (20) of machine (23) according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises a mechanism (25) for controlling the closing of the tailgate (8) configured to allow, in the open state of the tailgate (8), the passage of the tailgate (8) from the open state to the closed state, in the closed position of the door (1), after closing said door (1). 5. Cockpit (20) of vehicle (23) according to claim 4, characterized in that the mechanism (25) for controlling the closing of the tailgate (8) is at least partially common with the mechanism (22) for controlling the closing. opening the tailgate (8). 6. Cabin (20) of vehicle (23) according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that at least part of the mechanism (25) for controlling the closing of the tailgate (8) is formed by the door (1). 7. Cabin (20) of machine (23) according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the mechanism (22) for controlling the opening of the tailgate (8) comprises at least one member (11) of closing of the tailgate (8) mounted to move between a so-called open position corresponding to the open state of the tailgate (8) and a so-called closed position corresponding to the closed state of the tailgate (8). 20 8. Cabin (20) of machine (23) according to claim 7, characterized in that the member (11) for closing the tailgate (8) is coupled to the door (1) by a connecting system (26). interposed between the door (1) and the member (11) for closing the tailgate (8). 9. Cabin (20) of machine (23) according to claim 8, characterized in that the connecting system (26) comprises, from the door (1) in the direction of the member (11) for closing the tailgate ( 8), an actuator (2) coupled to a relay member (3) itself coupled via a system (10) for transmitting movement to the tailgate closing member (11) (8), said actuator (2 ) being equipped with return means (9) to form, preferably, a gas cylinder also called a gas spring or a spring loaded cylinder. 15 10. Cabin (20) of machine (23) according to claim 9, characterized in that the member (3) relay is movably mounted between two positions corresponding to one, to the closed position of the member (11) closing the tailgate (8), the other, to the open position of the member (11) for closing the tailgate (8) and in that the passenger compartment (20) comprises means (4) for temporarily holding the relay member 20 (3) in a position corresponding to the open position of the tailgate (8) closing member (11), said temporary holding means (4), which can be activated / deactivated depending on the position occupied by the door (1), being configured to be activated under the action of the movement of the door (1) from the closed position to the open position and deactivated in the closed position of the door (1), and the means (9) of the actuator (2) being configured to recall the relay member (3) in a position corresponding to the closed position of the tailgate (8) closing member (8) in the state deactivated means (4) for temporary maintenance. 30 11. Cockpit (20) of machine (23) according to claim 10, characterized in that said member (3) relay is a pivoting lever with ratchet teeth and in that the means (4) for temporary holding comprise a pawl (41) or a pawl 21 loaded by a spring (42), this pawl (41) or pawl being movably mounted between an active position of the holding means (4) in which said pawl (41) or pawl is in bearing contact with the toothing (31) of the lever and an inactive position of the holding means (4) in which said pawl (41) or pawl 5 is spaced from the toothing (31) of the lever, said pawl (41) or pawl being returned in position activated by the spring (42). 12. Housing (20) of machine (23) according to claim 11, characterized in that the pawl (41) or pawl has a part (5) against which the door (1) is in bearing contact in the closed position. of the door (1) and from which the door is moved away in the open position of the door (1), said pawl (41) or pawl being in the closed position of the door (1) maintained in inactive position by the support contact of the door (1) against the spring (42) tending to return the pawl (41) or pawl into the active position. 13. Cabin (20) of machine (23) according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that said member (11) for closing the tailgate (8) is a half-opening, such as a toggle, comprising two rods (110, 111) articulated together and one connected to the tailgate (8), the other to the movement transmission system (10). 14. Cabin (20) of machine (23) according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the system (10) for transmitting movement between the member (11) for closing the tailgate (8) and the relay member (3) comprises between said members (11, 3), at least one cable (101), a set of levers (102, 103, 104), a pivoting rod (106), and a member (105) operation, the movement of the cable (101) wound at least partially around the relay member (3) and integral in movement with the latter being able to be transmitted by means of the set of levers (102, 103, 104) coupled for one (102), to the cable (101), for the other or another (104) of the levers to the pivoting rod (106), this pivoting rod (106) being integrally engaged in movement with the member (105) for operating the member (11) for closing the tailgate (8). 15. Passenger compartment (20) of machine (23) according to one of claims 7 to 14, characterized in that the member (11) for closing the tailgate (8) is a member that can be actuated manually from inside the enclosure (21) for the passage of said closure member (11) from the closed position to the open position.