FR3083787A1 - SELF-ROTATING HOPPER FOR AVOIDING SEGREGATION OF HETEROGENEOUS MATERIALS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention essentially consists of a hopper of generally cylindrical shape of axis X functioning in an autonomous way and adapted to undergo a rotation around the axis X under the effect of the pouring then of the evacuation of materials, according to the following cycle : - a filling phase in which the spilled materials occupy the interior of the hopper, the center of gravity of the assembly consisting of the hopper and the spilled materials gradually moving up to exceed the X axis, - a first phase of rotation in which the hopper enters in rotation and the materials are evacuated through openings, while being partly retained by elements of the hopper, a second phase of rotation in which the hopper continues its rotation and the remaining materials are completely evacuated, - a third phase of rotation in which the emptied hopper continues its rotation to its filling position.

Description

SELF-ROTATING HOPPER FOR AVOIDING SEGREGATION OF HETEROGENEOUS MATERIALS

Technical area

The present invention relates to a hopper, intended to collect and then evacuate various types of materials.

The invention aims more particularly to propose a hopper which allows the discharge of heterogeneous materials, more particularly of very different particle sizes in a storage silo without the latter undergoing segregation, for example because of their difference in size.

The main application targeted by the invention relates to the storage of aggregates in the field of operating quarry installations.

Although described with reference to the main application, the invention applies to any installation where a need for an anti-segregation hopper exists, such as for example in the field of asphalt storage.

By "anti-segregation hopper" is meant a hopper whose operation makes it possible to avoid or minimize the segregation of the materials discharged by this hopper.

State of the art

It is known to use anti-segregation hoppers placed on top of silos for storing granular materials whose particle sizes can be very different.

Thus, patent FR 2642056 B1 relates to a device for feeding granular products to storage hoppers. In particular, the embodiment of Figure 3, discloses a hopper comprising a spill portion consisting of movable half-helmets. A jack, whose actuation command is programmed, allows the spill part to be opened and closed again after spillage of the materials.

The spilled materials are flattened during their impact at the end of the fall, in particular thanks to the rapid opening of the movable half-helmets which allows a large amount of material to be released in one operation. This results in limiting or even preventing the segregation of materials.

The use of such a hopper is not without its drawbacks, however. Thus, the opening of the hopper requires mechanical, electrical and / or pneumatic assistance as well as an associated control system. This complicates the production of the hopper and involves more frequent maintenance operations, thereby increasing the costs associated with operating the hopper.

In addition, the movable half-helmets can be subject to significant wear by abrasion, depending on the nature of the materials spilled. Operations for changing worn parts must then be planned at a frequency which can be relatively high.

However, when the hopper is placed at the entrance to a storage silo, changing the movable half-helmets is particularly restrictive, because the silo must then be emptied in order to allow intervention, which is typically carried out by nacelle from the silo.

Finally, the movements of the opening cylinders cause mechanical stresses at the end of the stroke due to the discontinuity of the opening and closing movements.

There is therefore a need to improve the design of anti-segregation hoppers, in particular in order to simplify their operation and maintenance as well as the related costs, while obtaining an effective anti-segregation of materials.

The object of the invention is to meet this need at least partially.

Statement of the invention

To do this, the invention relates to a self-rotating hopper, intended to avoid segregation of materials discharged by gravity flow upstream, the hopper having a generally cylindrical shape C of axis of revolution X and of diameter D, with a plane PI of symmetry of the hopper defined by the axis of revolution X and by a Z axis perpendicular to the axis X and a plane P2 defined by the axis of revolution X and by a Y axis perpendicular to the axes X and Z , the hopper comprising:

- two flanges with circular edges distant from each other, forming the ends of cylinder C,

- a central shaft of axis X on which the two end flanges are mounted for rotation,

a bottom connecting the two flanges and whose shape matches part of the circumference of the cylinder C, symmetrically with respect to the plane PI,

- a partition plate connecting the two end flanges along the plane PI, said partition plate being spaced from the bottom,

- two first guide plates connecting the two end flanges, and extending along the axis Z between the bottom and the plane P2, being arranged symmetrically on either side of the plane PI, the space between the bottom and the first guide plates forming a first opening along the cylinder C,

- two second guide plates connecting the two end plates, and extending along the axis Z between the plane P2 and the first guide plates, being arranged symmetrically on either side of the plane PI, the space between the first guide plates and the second guide plates and forming a second opening along the cylinder C,

- A plurality of straight blades connecting the two end flanges and extending along the axis Z on the side opposite the bottom relative to the plane P2, between the plane PI and the second guide plates, being arranged symmetrically from one side and on the other side of the plane PI, the space between the straight blades forming a third opening along the cylinder C,

- A plurality of curved blades connecting the two end flanges and extending along the axis Z on the side opposite the bottom relative to the plane P2, between the straight blades and the second guide plates, being arranged symmetrically from one side and on the other side of the PI plan,

According to the invention, the hopper is adapted to undergo a rotation around the axis X under the effect of spillage of the materials and then their evacuation from the hopper, according to a cycle comprising the following successive phases:

- a filling phase of the hopper, which is in a position with the plane PI vertical and the bottom down, during which the spilled materials enter through the third opening and come to occupy the interior of the hopper, being guided by the guide plates and retained by the bottom, with the exception of empty volumes, defined between the bottom and the first guide plates and between the first and the second guide plates, which are dimensioned so that the center of gravity of the assembly consisting of the hopper and the materials it contains, gradually moves along the Z axis, until it exceeds the X axis,

- the center of gravity of the assembly consisting of the hopper and the materials it contains having exceeded the X axis, a first phase of rotation during which the hopper rotates in a direction around the axis X and the materials are discharged through the first, second and third openings, while being retained by the curved blades and by the partition plate,

- a second phase of rotation in continuity and the same direction of rotation as the first phase, during which the hopper continues its rotation and the remaining materials are completely evacuated through the third opening,

- a third phase of rotation in continuity and the same direction of rotation as the second phase, during which the hopper emptied of the materials, continues its rotation by inertia until its initial filling position.

Advantageously, each first guide plate comprises:

- a central portion extending parallel to the plane P2,

a guide portion in the extension of the central portion towards the interior of the hopper, the guide portion being adapted to guide the materials spilled during the first phase of the hopper cycle and to delimit a first empty volume,

- a confinement portion in the extension of the central portion, extending over an angular portion of the cylinder C and adapted to prevent the flow of materials out of the hopper during the filling phase.

According to an advantageous variant, each second guide plate has a central portion inclined in the direction of the bottom at an angle β relative to the plane P2, preferably between 0 ° and 45 °, said central portion being adapted to guide the spilled materials during the first phase and to delimit a second empty volume.

Thus, the invention essentially consists in defining an anti-segregation hopper of heterogeneous materials, which is self-rotating, that is to say that its tilting and its return to the filling position is done in a completely autonomous manner. , only by the gravity flow of the materials which fill it, without the intervention of any motor or hydraulic mechanism.

In other words, a hopper according to the invention is of robust design, requires little maintenance and makes it possible to avoid the segregation of the materials which it receives and pours out.

Indeed, the dumping of the materials contained in the hopper, for example in a storage silo, takes place when the hopper reaches a high filling rate: in this way, a large volume of materials is discharged in a single operation, this which avoids the segregation of materials.

The materials concerned by the invention may, for example, be aggregates intended for making asphalt or even any type of concrete, such as crushed sand with a particle size of 0/2 or 0/4.

The transport of materials to the hopper level is conventionally done by conveyor, such as a conveyor belt, a raclette or belt conveyor or an Archimedes screw, or by gravity, or by any transport system continuous material flow: materials can be poured into the hopper continuously. The hopper is arranged as usual on top of a storage silo, into which it pours its contents.

At the start of the filling phase, the hopper is in the filling position, which is that illustrated in FIG. 1: due to the location of its empty center of gravity, which is clearly offset from the axis of rotation and is in the plane of symmetry PI, the empty hopper spontaneously places itself in the filling position, which constitutes its equilibrium position when empty.

The materials conveyed by the conveyor fall by gravity through the free spaces between the straight blades and / or the curved blades. They then flow to the bottom of the hopper, which collects them and prevents them from spilling out of the hopper.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the bottom of the hopper comprises fins arranged on either side of the plane of symmetry PI. These fins improve the barrier function to the materials during the filling phase, especially when the hopper is subject to oscillations.

Indeed, the hopper which returns to the filling position after being emptied has a large rotational inertia. This causes an oscillation around the equilibrium position of the empty hopper, i.e. the filling position. Thanks to the fins, we limit the discharge of materials out of the hopper even if the amplitude of the oscillation is large.

The bottom may for example have four fins distributed symmetrically on either side of the PI plane.

The first and second material guide plates have the function of channeling the materials and delimiting volumes which, during filling of the hopper, remain free of materials. Due to the presence of these volumes, the center of gravity of the assembly constituted by the hopper and by the spilled materials gradually rises along the Z axis during the filling phase of the hopper. The latter remains stable in its equilibrium position as long as its center of gravity remains below the axis of rotation. The hopper tipping, which marks the beginning of the material dumping phase in the storage silo, begins when the center of gravity of the assembly exceeds the axis of rotation of the hopper.

The dimensioning of the various elements of the hopper is preferably carried out so that the tilting begins when the filling rate of the hopper is maximum, that is to say when the level of the materials in the hopper approaches the top of the latter.

The design of the hopper also ensures that it is completely emptied during the material dumping phase.

A hopper according to the invention makes it possible in particular to avoid a return to the filling position before the hopper is emptied.

Indeed, once the emptying phase has started, the distribution of the remaining materials within the hopper favors the continued rotation of the latter so that it reaches the position shown in Figure 4, in which the axis Z is directed towards the storage silo, that is to say towards the direction opposite to that in which it points in the filling position.

Once the hopper in this position, a complete emptying is carried out, because there is nothing preventing the flow of materials.

The distribution of materials during the emptying phase of the hopper is as follows. When the hopper begins to tip, the curved blades prevent part of the material contained within it from flowing. Likewise, the partition plate prevents part of the material from flowing.

Conversely, the latter are free to pour through the free spaces located between the bottom and the first material guide plates and between the first and second material guide plates. They also flow between the straight blades, exerting a force on them which favors the further tilting of the hopper.

Thus, as shown in Figure 3, the remaining materials form a mass whose center of gravity is eccentric relative to the axis of rotation, which causes the hopper to continue its rotation until reaching the emptying position shown in Figure 4. This position allows the complete emptying of the hopper.

Then, after emptying, the hopper will spontaneously return to the filling position which is its equilibrium position. As described above, a phase of oscillation of the hopper around its equilibrium position can then take place.

The solution according to the invention therefore provides an answer to the problem of designing a hopper which, on the one hand, avoids the segregation of materials during filling by dumping of a storage silo, and which, on the other hand, operates autonomously without implementing additional mechanisms, such as motors or hydraulic mechanisms, which require more substantial maintenance.

By way of example, for a hopper, the diameter D of which is of the order of a meter, the duration of the emptying phase can be of the order of a few seconds.

According to an advantageous variant, a reservoir can be located along the axis Z. The latter is suitable for filling with materials during the filling phase of the hopper and for discharging its contents after the end of the emptying phase of the hopper.

In other words, this reserve of materials will pour its content on the bottom of the hopper, when the latter returns to its equilibrium position. This mass of materials then forms a ballast which greatly attenuates the oscillations of the hopper due to its rotational inertia.

Preferably, the hopper is made of an abrasion-resistant steel, such as Hardox® steel.

The present invention also relates to the use of a hopper as described above in a storage installation, in particular in the field of quarry installations.

detailed description

Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the detailed description of the invention given by way of illustration and not limitation, with reference to the following figures among which:

- Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a hopper according to the invention, empty and in an equilibrium position;

- Figures 2 to 4 show in longitudinal section different stages of the emptying cycle of a hopper according to the invention, namely respectively, the end of a filling phase of the hopper, a first part of a phase of emptying, an end of emptying phase;

- Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment in which the hopper has a reserve of materials near the axis of rotation;

- Figure 6 is a photographic reproduction in perspective view of the exterior of a hopper according to the invention.

Throughout the present application, the terms "vertical", "lower", "upper", "bottom", "high", "below" and "above" are to be understood by reference to a storage silo on which the hopper according to the invention is installed.

Similarly, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" are to be understood by the direction of flow of the materials.

We will now describe, with reference to FIG. 1, an autonomous hopper according to the invention.

This hopper 1 is arranged downstream of a material conveyor, such as a belt or squeegee conveyor, and upstream, directly above a storage silo.

Such a hopper 1 is of generally cylindrical shape with diameter D and axis of revolution X. Two flanges 3 with circular edge constitute the ends of this cylindrical shape, as visible in FIG. 6.

The hopper 1 comprises a central shaft 2 of axis X on which the two end flanges 3 are mounted in rotation.

A partition plate 10 separates the interior of the hopper according to a plane of symmetry PI defined by the X axis and by a Z axis perpendicular to the X axis.

The partitioning plate 10 extends only over a part of the diameter, in order to leave a free space allowing the two volumes delimited by the plate 10 to communicate with each other.

The function of this plate 10 is in particular to prevent the center of gravity of the assembly constituted by the hopper and the materials it contains from merging with the axis of rotation during the emptying phase, which could potentially immobilize the hopper, or at least greatly slow its emptying.

It also makes it possible to retain part of the materials during the first phase of rotation of the hopper.

In addition, the plate 10 plays a role in stabilizing the hopper during the filling phase.

A bottom 20 connects the two end flanges together. The bottom 20 essentially has the function of preventing the materials from flowing out of the hopper during the filling phase.

In order to improve this function, fins 22 connecting the two end flanges together are arranged on either side of the bottom 20. Thus, even when the hopper is in oscillation around its equilibrium position, for example following its return to the equilibrium position at the end of the emptying phase, the flow of materials out of the hopper is limited. Preferably, the bottom 20 has a shape which matches an angular portion of the cylinder of the hopper 1.

Two first guide plates 30 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane PI. These guide plates 30 have the function of guiding, that is to say channeling the materials entering the hopper, towards the bottom 20 at the start of the filling phase.

Each of these plates 30 comprises three separate portions, namely a central portion 31 extended towards the inside of the hopper by a guide portion 32 and towards the outside by a confinement portion 33.

The central portion 31 is substantially parallel to a plane P2 defined by the X axis and by a Y axis perpendicular to both the X axis and the Z axis.

The guide portion 32 is inclined towards the bottom 20 of the hopper at an angle a with the central portion 31. The angle a can for example be between 110 ° and 130 °.

The confinement portion 33 has a shape which matches an angular portion of the cylindrical shape, so as to be able to prevent the flow of materials out of the hopper during the filling phase.

An important function of these guide plates 30 consists in preserving, during the filling of the hopper, volumes V1 released from materials, as visible in FIG. 2.

Thus, thanks to these empty volumes Vl, the center of gravity of the assembly consisting of the hopper and the materials it contains, gradually moves along the Z axis, until it exceeds the X axis of rotation. from the hopper towards the end of the filling phase.

This puts the hopper in an unstable equilibrium situation and the hopper can then tip over, which starts the emptying phase.

The dimensioning of the bottom 20 and of the guide plates 30 may depend in particular on the properties of the materials poured into the hopper, such as their average density and their natural slope angle.

Advantageously, the guide plates 30 are shaped, so as to avoid the flow of materials out of the hopper during the filling phase and so that the tilting of the hopper begins when the latter has a high filling rate. .

Two second guide plates 40, also arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane PI, prevent the materials poured into the hopper from occupying a volume V2, in the same way as the first guide plates 30 do for the volume Vl. This allows on the one hand to move the center of gravity during the filling of the hopper and on the other hand to partially prevent the flow of materials in a first part of the emptying phase.

Indeed, as shown in FIG. 3, one of the plates 40 is opposed to the flow of a large volume of material which, by positioning its center of mass opposite the bottom 20, promotes the pursuit of the rotation of the hopper until it reaches the position illustrated in figure 4.

In the illustrated embodiment, each of the second guide plates 40 comprises three distinct portions, namely a central portion 41 extended towards the inside of the hopper by a guide portion 42 and towards the outside by a confinement portion 33 .

The central portion 41 is inclined towards the bottom by an angle β relative to the plane P2. Preferably, the angle β is between 0 and 45 °.

The guide portion 32 is inclined towards the bottom 20 of the hopper.

The confinement portion 33 has a shape which matches an angular portion of the cylindrical shape, so as to be able to prevent the flow of materials out of the hopper during the filling phase.

The free volume V2 of materials during the filling phase, which is defined by the dimensioning of the guide plates 40 is also dimensioned in particular to allow a significant filling of the hopper before its tilting.

The dimensioning of the guide plates 40 also determines the volume of materials whose flow is prevented during the first part of the emptying phase, so as to maintain a volume of materials whose position of the center of mass makes it easier to continue the rotation of the hopper, and therefore to obtain a complete emptying of the latter.

A hopper according to the invention also comprises a plurality of straight blades 50, arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane PI by being inclined with respect to the latter at different angles of inclination.

During the filling phase, the materials first flow through the free spaces between these straight blades 50.

When the level of the materials in the hopper reaches the height of the straight blades 50, the latter prevent an unwanted flow of materials out of the hopper. Thus, a high filling rate can be achieved.

In addition, the inclinations of the straight blades 50 are determined to minimize the forces exerted on the hopper by the fall of the materials during the filling phase.

In particular, when the hopper returns to the equilibrium position after emptying, it experiences an oscillation phase around the equilibrium position. The forces due to the gravity flow of the materials on the straight blades 50 during this oscillation phase are then reduced. In this way, the risks that these efforts disrupt the placing in the equilibrium position of the hopper, for example by causing the hopper to be still empty, are limited.

In the illustrated embodiment, the hopper 1 comprises a total number of 12 straight blades 50, distributed equitably on either side of the plane PI.

Curved blades 60 are arranged between each group of straight blades 50 and one of the second guide plates 40 along an angular portion of the cylindrical shape.

Each of the curved blades 60 comprises a straight portion 61 and a curved portion 62 in the extension of the straight portion 61.

These curved blades 60 allow first of all to prevent the flow of materials out of the hopper, during the filling phase, in order to achieve a high filling rate of the hopper, similar to the straight blades 50 .

These curved blades 60 also make it possible to prevent the flow of materials out of the hopper during a first part of the emptying phase. Indeed, as shown in FIG. 3, the curved portions 62 of the blades 60 retain the materials in a first part of the emptying phase, and this in order to maintain a volume of materials sufficient for the continued rotation of the hopper , so that the latter reaches the complete emptying position shown in FIG. 4.

The curved blades 60 and the second guide plates 40 therefore cooperate to prevent the flow of part of the materials during this first emptying phase.

Figure 2 shows the hopper of Figure 1 at the end of the filling phase. The volumes VI and V2 delimited by the first and second guide plates 30, 40 are clearly visible. Likewise, it can be seen that the curved blades 60 make it possible to avoid the flow of materials out of the hopper.

Once the hopper is sufficiently filled, the center of gravity of the assembly formed by the hopper and the materials it contains passes over the axis of rotation X in the direction of the axis Z. Instability created by this situation causes the hopper to tip over.

As shown in FIG. 3, the volumes of the materials located on one side of the plane PI, on the one hand between the first and second guide plates 30, 40 and on the other hand, between the first guide plates 30 and the bottom 20 of the hopper are then quickly dumped, because the spaces defined between these elements do not contain obstacles to the flow.

A part of the volume of the materials located at the level of the straight blades 50 can also come out, favoring the continuation of the rotation of the hopper by pressing on the straight blades 50. The center of gravity of the materials remaining in the hopper is eccentric and therefore favors also continuing the rotation of the hopper.

In addition, the partition plate 10 retains most of the materials located in the upper half of the hopper as shown in Figure 3, which contributes to the continued rotation of the hopper.

Continuing its rotational movement, the hopper arrives in the position illustrated in Figure 4, the Z axis pointing in the opposite direction to that in which it points in the equilibrium position of the empty hopper. In this position, no material retention prevents the complete emptying of the hopper.

Once emptied, the hopper returns to its empty equilibrium position as shown in Figure 1. The inertia in rotation of the hopper, however, requires a period of oscillation of the hopper around its equilibrium position.

It is therefore conceivable to provide a reserve of materials 70 located along the axis Z, as illustrated in FIG. 5. The purpose of this reserve is to ballast the hopper when the latter returns to its equilibrium position, in order to to limit the amplitude of the oscillations.

In the example illustrated, the reserve 70 comprises walls 71 and two flaps 72, which extend between the two flanges 3. During the filling phase of the hopper and when the level of the materials in the hopper reaches the bottom walls 71, the reserve 70 begins to fill with materials, the latter flowing through the space between the walls 71 and the flaps 72. The flaps 72 have the function of protecting the axis 2 on the one hand abrasion caused by the fall of the materials, and secondly to retain the materials within the reserve during the dumping phase of the hopper.

When the emptied hopper returns to its equilibrium position, the reserve 70 spreads its content on the bottom 20 of the hopper, which ballasts the hopper and makes it possible to limit the amplitude of its oscillations.

Other variants and advantages of the invention can be achieved without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is thus not limited to the examples described above.

Although described with reference to the main intended application, namely a hopper for spilling materials into a storage silo, the invention is also applicable to any field in which it is advantageous to avoid segregation of spilled materials.

Claims (8)

1. Self-rotating hopper (1), intended to avoid segregation of materials discharged by gravity flow upstream, the hopper having a generally cylindrical shape C of axis of revolution X and of diameter D, with a plane PI of symmetry of the hopper defined by the axis of revolution X and by a Z axis perpendicular to the axis X and a plane P2 defined by the axis of revolution X and by a Y axis perpendicular to the axes X and Z, the hopper comprising: - two flanges (3) with circular edges distant from each other, forming the ends of cylinder C, - a central shaft (2) of axis X on which the two end flanges are mounted for rotation, a bottom (20) connecting the two flanges and the shape of which matches part of the circumference of the cylinder C, symmetrically with respect to the plane PI, - a partition plate (10) connecting the two end flanges along the plane PI, said partition plate being spaced from the bottom, - Two first guide plates (30) connecting the two end flanges, and extending along the axis Z between the bottom and the plane P2, being arranged symmetrically on either side of the plane PI, the space between the bottom and the first guide plates forming a first opening along the cylinder C, - two second guide plates (40) connecting the two end flanges, and extending along the axis Z between the plane P2 and the first guide plates (30), being arranged symmetrically on either side from the plane PI, the space between the first guide plates and the second guide plates and forming a second opening along the cylinder C, a plurality of straight blades (50) connecting the two end flanges and extending along the axis Z on the side opposite the bottom relative to the plane P2, between the plane PI and the second guide plates (40), being arranged symmetrically on either side of the plane PI, the space between the straight blades forming a third opening along the cylinder C, - A plurality of curved blades (60) connecting the two end flanges and extending along the axis Z on the side opposite the bottom relative to the plane P2, between the straight blades (50) and the second guide plates ( 40), by being arranged symmetrically on either side of the plane PI, the hopper being adapted to undergo a rotation around the axis X under the effect of spilling of the materials then their evacuation from the hopper, according to a cycle comprising the following successive phases: - a filling phase of the hopper, which is in a position with the PI plane vertical and the bottom (20) at the bottom, during which the spilled materials enter through the third opening and occupy the interior of the hopper, being guided by the guide plates and retained by the bottom, with the exception of empty volumes (VI, V2), defined between the bottom and the first guide plates (30) and between the first and the second (40) guide plates, which are dimensioned so that the center of gravity of the assembly consisting of the hopper and the materials it contains, gradually moves along the Z axis, until it exceeds the X axis, - the center of gravity of the assembly consisting of the hopper and the materials it contains having exceeded the X axis, a first phase of rotation during which the hopper rotates in a direction around the axis X and the materials are discharged through the first, second and third openings, while being retained by the curved blades (60) and by the partitioning plate (10), - a second phase of rotation in continuity and the same direction of rotation as the first phase, during which the hopper continues its rotation and the remaining materials are completely evacuated through the third opening, - a third phase of rotation in continuity and the same direction of rotation as the second phase, during which the hopper emptied of the materials, continues its rotation by inertia until its initial filling position. 2. Self-rotating hopper (1) according to claim 1, each first guide plate comprising: - a central portion (31) extending parallel to the plane P2, - A guide portion (32) in the extension of the central portion towards the interior of the hopper, the guide portion being adapted to guide the materials spilled during the first phase of the hopper cycle and to define a first volume empty (VI), - a confinement portion (33) in the extension of the central portion, extending over an angular portion of the cylinder C and adapted to prevent the flow of materials out of the hopper during the filling phase. 3. Self-rotating hopper (1) according to claim 1 or 2, each second guide plate having a central portion (41) inclined towards the bottom by an angle β relative to the plane P2, preferably between 0 ° and 45 °, said central portion being adapted to guide the materials spilled during the first phase and to delimit a second empty volume (V2). 4. Self-rotating hopper (1) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a reservoir (70) arranged along the axis Z, suitable for filling with materials during the filling phase of the hopper and for evacuating its contents when the hopper has returned to its initial filling position. 5. Hopper according to one of the preceding claims, the bottom comprising four fins arranged symmetrically on either side of the PI plane, the fins being adapted for 5 limit the flow of materials out of the hopper if the hopper oscillates around its equilibrium position. 6. Hopper according to one of the preceding claims, made of abrasion-resistant steel such as Hardox® steel. 7. Use of a hopper according to one of the preceding claims in a 10 storage facility, particularly in the field of quarry facilities.