FR3080875A1 - TEMPORARY HOLDING DEVICE FOR CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS AND METHOD FOR USING SUCH A DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a temporary device (10) for holding two construction elements (1, 2) together, comprising two rectilinear support arms (11, 12) articulated end to end by a central articulation (13), and fastening means (30) arranged to fix each holding arm (11, 12) on one of the building elements (1, 2). The holding device (10) further comprises a spacer member (40) associated with each holding arm (11, 12) to create a clamping cone (CS) between the holding arm and the construction element on which it is fixed, said clamping cone (CS) for obtaining a self-locking of the holding arm (11, 12) between said fastening means (30) and said construction element (1, 2). Figure for the abstract: Fig 3A

Description

DEVICE FOR TEMPORARILY HOLDING CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS AND METHOD FOR OPERATING SUCH A DEVICE

Technical area :

The present invention relates to a device for temporarily holding building elements, such as prefabricated walls between them, a formwork panel at the end of a prefabricated wall, said holding device comprising at least one rectilinear holding arm and fixing means arranged to fix said holding arm on a building element.

The present invention also relates to a method of using said device for temporarily maintaining construction elements.

Prior art:

To facilitate the construction of buildings or any type of works from prefabricated construction elements, improve ergonomics and work safety for people on the site, reduce labor time and thus reduce costs tools, tools have been developed to assist in the assembly, adjustment and assembly of said prefabricated construction elements. The publication FR 2 858 992 describes a first example of a tool in the form of an articulated and adjustable bracket making it possible to temporarily maintain two walls between them separated by an angle which may be between 0 and 360 °. The publication FR 3 039 576 describes a second example of a tool in the form of a fixed square provided with an articulated support stop making it possible to temporarily hold a formwork panel at the end of a prefabricated wall, said panel formwork is commonly called end formwork. In these two examples, the tools or temporary holding devices comprise at least one rectilinear guide support formed by a hollow and reinforced tube fixed to a construction element, such as a wall, by means of a clamping flange L-shaped and fixing member in the form of a threaded rod passing through the flange to be screwed either in a socket provided in said construction element, or in a nut provided on the other side of said construction element. The use of this type of temporary holding device requires special care when attaching it to the construction elements, in particular while respecting a minimum and sufficient clamping force to lock them in position and thus avoid any accidental adjustment. . In fact, insufficient tightening would cause untimely displacement or even an accidental fall of the guide support relative to the clamping flange, which would cause a separation or even a fall of the construction element which would no longer be maintained by said device, and by Consequently, risks of serious or even fatal accidents for people working on the site.

Statement of the invention:

The present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a temporary holding device, of simple design, without additional cost, and without repercussions on its method of use, this holding device being designed to ensure self-locking of the guide support with respect to the construction element, in particular in the case of insufficient tightening of the fixing member, thus making it possible to avoid any risk of separation or even of fall of the construction element maintained by said device.

To this end, the invention relates to a holding device of the kind indicated in the preamble, characterized in that it further comprises a spacer member associated with said holding arm and arranged to create a clamping cone between said holding arm and said building element when fixed on the latter, said clamping cone for obtaining a self-locking of said holding arm between said fixing means and said building element.

Thus, if the holding arm accidentally slides on the construction element relative to the insufficiently tightened fixing means, it will be automatically stopped by said fixing means when the spacer member approaches them and the clamping cone moves away the holding arm of said building element by automatically exerting a clamping force on said fixing means.

Said spacer member can be linked to said holding arm or formed in one piece with said holding arm. H may consist for example of a heel extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of said support arm. In this case, said heel can be disposed on all or part of the periphery of said retaining arm to create at least a first support zone on the construction element and define the base of said clamping cone.

Said spacer member is advantageously arranged at one end of said support arm, while the other end of said support arm forms a second support zone on the construction element and defines the top of said clamping cone.

Said fixing means may comprise at least one clamping flange and a fixing member arranged to pass through said clamping flange.

In this case, said clamping flange may comprise a substantially C-shaped plate arranged to enclose at least partially said holding arm and advantageously form a longitudinal stop for said spacer member and a transverse stop for said support arm.

Said holding device may comprise a single holding arm comprising a guide support and a movable tube carrying a transverse support stop at one of its ends, said movable tube being slidably mounted in said guide support, and said member spacer being disposed at the end of said guide support opposite to said support stop.

H may also include two holding arms articulated end to end by a hinge, each holding arm comprising a guide support and a movable tube, each movable tube being slidably mounted in one of the guide supports, and said spacer member being arranged to the end of each guide support opposite said articulation.

For this purpose also, the invention relates to a method of using the type indicated in the preamble, characterized in that said device is fitted with a spacer member associated with said holding arm, and in that, when the 'said fixing device is fixed on said building element, said spacer member is positioned in abutment against said building element to create a clamping cone between said holding arm and said building element, and obtain a self-locking of said holding arm between said fixing means and said building element.

The holding device can be used to hold a formwork panel at the end of a prefabricated wall, said device being provided in this case with a single holding arm comprising a guide support and a movable tube carrying a stopper transverse support at one of its ends, said movable tube being slidably mounted in said guide support, and said spacer member being disposed at the end of said guide support opposite to said support stop. In this case, said clamping flange is advantageously positioned on said retaining arm in an intermediate zone between said spacer member and said support stop.

It is also possible to use the holding device for holding two prefabricated walls together, said device comprising in this case two holding arms articulated end to end by a hinge, each holding arm comprising a guide support and a movable tube, and each movable tube being slidably mounted in one of the guide supports, and said spacer member being disposed at the end of each guide support opposite to said articulation. In this case, a clamp is advantageously positioned on each holding arm in an intermediate zone between said spacer member and said articulation.

Brief description of the drawings:

The present invention and its advantages will appear better in the following description of several embodiments given by way of nonlimiting examples, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first holding device according to the invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a second holding device according to the invention, FIGS. 3A and 3B are views respectively of above and in perspective of the first holding device of FIG. 1 assembled with two prefabricated walls to hold them together, showing a normal position of use of said device, FIGS. 4A and 4B are views similar to the figures 3A and 3B, showing a self-locked position of said device, FIGS. 5A, 5B and 5C are respectively perspective, top and side views of the second holding device of FIG. 2 assembled to a prefabricated wall to hold a panel formwork end, showing a normal position of use of said device, and Figures 6A and 6B are views similar to Figures 5A and 5B, showing a self-locked position of said dispo operative part.

Illustrations of the invention and different ways of carrying it out:

In the illustrated exemplary embodiments, identical elements or parts have the same reference numbers.

Figures 1 and 2 illustrate two embodiments of a temporary holding device 10, 20 of building elements according to the invention, without these examples being limiting.

Referring more particularly to FIG. 1, the holding device 10 allows the holding and the angular positioning of two construction elements 1, 2 between them, such as for example prefabricated walls, and corresponds substantially to the device described in the publication FR 2 858 992. H comprises in particular two retaining arms 11, 12 rectilinear, assembled end to end and articulated at their corresponding ends by a joint 13. Each retaining arm 11, 12 comprises a guide support 110 rectilinear and a movable tube 120 having a complementary and smaller section than that of the guide support 110. Each movable tube 120 is slidably mounted in one of the guide supports 110 and forms a telescopic assembly making it possible to adjust the length of each support arm 11, 12 independently of the one of the other. To this end, each movable tube 120 is coupled to its guide support 110 by adjustment means arranged to modify the length of said holding arms 11, 12 by action on an adjustment head 14 accessible at the free end of each of said arms. The movable tubes 120 are assembled together by articulation 13. Thus, the two holding arms 11 and 12 can adopt an infinite number of angular positions between 0 ° and 360 ° by virtue of articulation 13 which in no way limits their pivoting. Thanks to its construction, the holding device 10 can respond to a wide range of angular positioning configurations between two consecutive construction elements 1, 2 and can be mounted both on the inside and on the outside of the angle formed by the two construction elements 1, 2.

This holding device 10 further comprises fixing means 30 (see fig. 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B) arranged to fix each holding arm 11, 12 on one of the construction elements 1, 2. In the example illustrated , the fastening means 30 include a clamp 31 arranged at least partially around the corresponding guide support 110 and to be fixed to the construction element 1, 2 by at least one fixing member 32. In the example shown, the clamp 31 is formed of a substantially C-shaped plate, and has a through hole for receiving the fixing member 32, which is for example constituted by a threaded rod. This example of construction is of course not limiting. In addition, the fixing member 32 is intended to be screwed into a socket (not shown) which is previously provided with the construction element 1, 2, or even in a nut provided on the other side of said construction element 1 , 2. These fixing methods are of course not limiting. The clamp 31 has a right central portion 31a arranged to be in temporary contact with a corresponding face of the guide support 110, a lower portion 31b bent substantially at right angles arranged to be in temporary contact with the corresponding face of the element of construction 1, 2 in the manner of a toad, and a curved upper part 31c (fig. 3B) at an angle between 30 ° and 90 ° arranged to form a transverse stop for the corresponding holding arm 11 , 12. Advantageously, these fixing means 30 are completely removable and independent of the holding arms 11, 12. In addition, they facilitate the fixing of the holding device 10, since the latter is fixed to each construction element 1, 2 at a single point. This results in ease of implementation on the site. In addition, this avoids degrading the integrity and the aesthetics of the construction elements 1, 2.

The holding device 10 is advantageously supplemented by a spacer 40 associated with each holding arm 11, 12 and arranged to create a clamping cone CS between each holding arm 11, 12 and the construction element 1, 2 on which it is fixed. As explained below, the clamping cone CS makes it possible to obtain a self-locking of the holding arm 11, 12 between said fixing means 30 and the construction element 1, 2 to which it is fixed (see fig. 4A and 4B) . In the example illustrated, the spacer 40 is formed by a heel 41 which extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of said arm. H is in particular provided at the free end of each guide support 110. This heel 41 is in the illustrated example constituted by an attached plate and welded to the corresponding end of each guide support 110. This example of construction does not is not limiting. The main thing is that the heel protrudes transversely on at least two opposite sides of the guide support 110, one of the sides being intended to be in temporary contact with the construction element 1, 2, and the other side being intended to be in temporary contact with the clamp 31, and vice versa depending on whether the holding device 10 is arranged inside or outside the angle formed by the construction elements 1, 2. This heel 41 forms a over-width at a privileged location of the guide support 110, and in particular at its free end situated opposite the articulation 13, to create a clamping cone CS which extends substantially over the entire length of said guide supports 110.

When fixing the holding device 10 on the construction elements 1, 2, the fixing means 30 are positioned in an intermediate zone of each holding arm 11, 12 between the articulation 13 and the spacer member 40, as in Figures 3A and 3B which illustrate a normal mounting position. In this position, the two construction elements 1, 2 are contiguous by their respective edges. The example illustrated shows an assembly of two construction elements 1, 2 at a right angle by means of the holding device 10 disposed inside said right angle, without this example being limiting. Likewise, this example shows that the construction elements 1, 2 are prefabricated walls, commonly called premisses with lost formwork, without this example being limiting. The presence of the spacer members 40 introduces a clamping cone CS between each holding arm 11, 12 and the corresponding face of the construction element

I, 2 on which it is fixed. Thus, the guide support 110 of each holding arm

II, 12 is no longer in plan support on the construction element 1, 2 as usual in the state of the art, but in point or linear support between two distant support zones A and B. The support zone A is constituted by the spacer member 40 provided at one end of the guide support 110 forming the base of the clamping cone CS. The support area B is formed by the other end of the guide support 110 forming the top of the clamping cone CS. Between these two support zones A and B, a triangle is drawn, the sides of which consist of the heel 41, the guide support 110 and the face of the construction element 1, 2. If the heel 41 forms a right angle with the guide support 110 then the triangle obtained is a right triangle.

In the event of improper tightening of the fastening members 32, the holding arms 11, 12 are not locked in position relative to the building element 1, 2 on which they are fixed and can unfortunately slide relatively by relative to the clamps 31. This case is shown in Figures 4A and 4B illustrating the holding device 10 in a self-locked position. More specifically, in the example shown, the fastening means 30 of the holding arm 11 (on the left in the figures) have been insufficiently tightened. The building element 1 on which the holding arm 11 is fixed is therefore not held firmly, causing the fact that it has become detached and displaced relative to the other building element 2, causing with it the fastening means 30. This accidental movement is symbolized by the arrow D in FIGS. 4A and 4B and the difference represented between the two construction elements 1, 2 is deliberately exaggerated. However, and thanks to the presence of the clamping cone CS deviating towards the heel 41 of said holding arm 11, the clamping flange 31 will exert an automatic clamping on said holding arm 11, stop, lock in position and simultaneously retain the building element 1 to prevent it from falling. FIG. 4A shows a self-locked position obtained before reaching the heel 41 of the retaining arm 11, while FIG. 4B voluntarily shows an extreme self-locked position, in which the clamp 31 is stopped by the heel 41 from the holding arm 11 and cannot escape from the holding arm 11. The clamping flange 31 thus forms a longitudinal stop in cooperation with the heel 41 of the holding arm 11, 12 with which it is associated. These figures show that, in all cases, the fixing means 30 which are secured to the construction element 1, 2 cannot leave the holding arm 11, 12 and the construction element 1, 2 cannot fall, thus protecting those present on the site. Similarly, if during the untimely movement of the building element 1, 2 relative to the holding arm 11, 12, the holding arm 11, 12 and the clamping flange 31 should no longer be aligned, then the flange clamping 31 also forms a transverse stop in cooperation with the holding arm 11, 12 thanks to its curved upper part 31c, preventing the exit of the holding arm 11, 12 from the corresponding fixing means 30.

Referring now more particularly to FIG. 2, the holding device allows the positioning and holding of a formwork panel 3 at the end of a building element 4, such as a prefabricated wall, and corresponds substantially to the device described in the publication FR 3 039 576. H comprises a single rectilinear holding arm 21, provided at one of its ends with a transverse support stop 22. The holding arm 21 comprises, as in the previous example, a straight guide support 210 and a movable tube 220 having a complementary section and smaller than that of the guide support 210. The movable tube 220 is slidably mounted in the support guide 210 and forms a telescopic assembly making it possible to adjust the length of said holding arm 21. For this purpose, the movable tube 220 is coupled to the guide support 210 by adjustment means arranged to modify the length of said arm on the one hand holding 21 and secondly apply a clamping force on the formwork panel 3 by said support stop 22, by action on an adjustment head 24 accessible at the free end of said arm. The movable tube 220 has at its free end a cross member 23 at a right angle, on which said support stop 22 is fixed. In the example illustrated, the transverse position of the support stop 22 relative to the cross member 23 is adjustable. In addition, the support stop 22 can advantageously be pivotally mounted on said crosspiece.

23. Thanks to its construction, the retaining device 20 can hold a formwork panel 3 against the open end of a prefabricated wall, called a lost formwork premur, whatever the angle of inclination of said formwork panel 3 with respect to said building element 3.

This holding device 20 further comprises fixing means 30 (see fig. 5A, 5B, 5C, 6A, 6B) arranged to fix the holding arm 21 on the construction element 4. In the example illustrated, the fastening means 30 are identical to the example described above and bear the same reference numbers, without this example being limiting.

The holding device 20 is advantageously completed by a spacer 40 associated with the holding arm 21 and arranged to create a clamping cone CS between said holding arm 21 and the construction element 4 on which it is fixed. In the example illustrated, the spacer member is identical to the example described above and has the same reference numbers, without this example being limiting.

When fixing the holding device 20 on the construction element 4, the fixing means 30 are positioned in an intermediate zone of the holding arm 21 between the support stop 22 and the spacer member 40, as in the Figures 5A, 5B and 5C which illustrate a normal mounting position. In this position, the formwork panel 3 is pressed against the open end of the construction element 4 with a clamping force exerted by the support stop 22 via the adjustment means controlled by the adjustment head 24. L The illustrated example shows an assembly at right angles to the formwork panel 3 at the end of the construction element 4, without this example being limiting. The presence of the spacer 40 introduces a clamping cone CS between the holding arm 21 and the corresponding face of the construction element 4 on which it is fixed. Thus and as in the previous example, the guide support 210 of the holding arm 21 is no longer in plan support on the construction element 4 as usual in the state of the art, but in point or linear support between two remote support zones A and B, constituted by the spacer member 40 provided at one end of the guide support 110 on the one hand and by the other end of the guide support 110 on the other hand, drawing the same triangle as in the previous example.

In the event of improper tightening of the fixing member 32, the holding arm 21 is not locked in position relative to the building element 4 on which it is fixed and may unfortunately slip relatively relatively to the clamp 31 when the support stop 22 is tightened. This case is shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrating the holding device 20 in a self-locked position. More specifically, in the example shown, the fixing means 30 of the holding arm 21 have been insufficiently tightened. The formwork panel 3 is therefore not kept under pressure by the support stop 22, causing it to come apart and move relative to the building element 4, carrying with it the holding arm 21, in particular under the effect of the pressure undergone during the pouring of the concrete into the core of the construction element 4. This accidental displacement is symbolized by the arrow D in FIGS. 6A and 6B and the gap represented between the panel formwork 3 and the building element 4 is deliberately exaggerated. However, and thanks to the presence of the clamping cone CS deviating in the direction of the heel 41 of the holding arm 21, the clamping flange 31 will exert an automatic clamping on the holding arm 21, stop, lock in position and simultaneously hold the formwork panel 3 to prevent it from falling. FIG. 6B shows a self-locked position obtained before reaching the heel 41 of the retaining arm 21, while FIG. 6A voluntarily shows an extreme self-locked position, in which the clamp 31 is stopped by the heel 41 of the arm holding 21 and cannot escape from the holding arm 21. The clamping flange 31 thus forms a longitudinal stop in cooperation with the heel 41 of the holding arm 21. These figures show that, in all cases, the holding arm 21 cannot come out of the fixing means 30 secured to the construction element 4 and the formwork panel 3 cannot fall thus protecting the people present on the site. Similarly, if during the untimely movement of the formwork panel 3, the holding arm 21 and the clamping flange 31 should no longer be aligned, the clamping flange 31 also forms a transverse stop in cooperation with the arm of holding 21 thanks to its curved upper part 31c, preventing the exit of the holding arm 21 from its fixing means 30.

It will be understood in the light of this description that the invention makes it possible to achieve all of the goals set, and in particular to secure the holding devices 10, 20 in the event of insufficient tightening of the fixing means 30, thus protecting the 10 people working on the site of any risk of accident.

The present invention is of course not limited to the embodiments described but extends to any modification and variant obvious to a person skilled in the art. In particular, the application of the invention to holding devices 10, 20 15 as illustrated extends to any other equivalent or similar tool or accessory needing to be fixed rigidly and temporarily on one or more construction elements. Indeed, the spacer member 40 can be easily attached or integrated into said new or in-service tools, at a lower cost.

Claims (13)

claims 1. Temporary holding device (10, 20) of building elements (1, 2, 3, 4), such as prefabricated walls between them, a formwork panel at the end of a prefabricated wall, said device holding device comprising at least one rectilinear holding arm (11, 12, 21) and fixing means (30) arranged to fix said holding arm to a building element, characterized in that said holding device (10, 20 ) further comprises a spacer member (40) associated with said holding arm (11, 12, 21) and arranged to create a clamping cone (CS) between said holding arm and said building element when it is fixed on this last, said clamping cone (CS) allowing self-locking of said holding arm (11, 12, 21) between said fixing means (30) and said construction element (1, 2, 3, 4) . 2. Holding device according to claim 1, characterized in that said spacer member (40) is linked to said holding arm (11, 12, 21). 3. Holding device according to claim 2, characterized in that said spacer member (40) forms a single piece with said holding arm (11, 12, 21). 4. Holding device according to any one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that said spacer member (40) consists of a heel (41) extending transversely relative to the longitudinal axis of said holding arm (H, 12.21). 5. Holding device according to claim 4, characterized in that said heel (41) is disposed on all or part of the periphery of said holding arm (11, 12, 21) to create at least one first support zone ( A) on said construction element and define the base of said clamping cone (CS). 6. Holding device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said spacer member (40) is disposed at one end of said holding arm (11, 12, 21), and in that the other end forms a second bearing area (B) on said construction element and defines the top of said clamping cone (CS). 7. Holding device according to claim 1, characterized in that said fixing means (30) comprise at least one clamping flange (31) and a fixing member (32) arranged to pass through said clamping flange. 8. Holding device according to claim 7, characterized in that said clamping flange (31) comprises a substantially C-shaped plate arranged to at least partially grip said holding arm (11, 12, 21) and form a longitudinal stop for said spacer member (40) and a transverse stop for said holding arm (11, 12, 21). 9. Holding device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a single holding arm (21) comprising a guide support (210) and a movable tube (220) carrying a support stop. (22) transverse to one of its ends, said movable tube (220) being slidably mounted in said guide support (210), and said spacer member (40) being arranged at the end of said guide support (210) opposite to said support stop (22). 10. Holding device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises two holding arms (11, 12) articulated end to end by a joint (13), each holding arm comprising a support. guide (110) and a movable tube (120), each movable tube (120) being slidably mounted in one of the guide supports (110), and said spacer member (40) being arranged at the end of each guide support (110) opposite said articulation (13). 11. Method for using the holding device (10, 20) according to any one of the preceding claims, used for temporarily holding building elements (1, 2, 3, 4), such as prefabricated walls between them, a formwork panel at the end of a prefabricated wall, said holding device comprising at least one straight holding arm (11, 12, 21) and fixing means (30) used to fix said holding arm on a construction element, characterized in that said retaining device (10, 20) is fitted with a spacer member (40) associated with said retaining arm (11, 12, 21), and in that, when the fixing said holding device on said construction element, positioning said spacer member (40) in abutment against said construction element (1, 2, 3, 4) to create a clamping cone (CS) between said arm holding (11, 12, 21) and said construct element ion (1, 2, 3, 4), and obtain a self-locking of said holding arm between said fixing means and said building element. 12. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that a holding device (20) is used to hold a formwork panel (3) at the end of a prefabricated wall (4), said device being provided with '' a single holding arm (21) comprising a guide support (210) and a movable tube (220) carrying a support stop (22) transverse to one of its ends, and said movable tube (220 ) being slidably mounted in said guide support (210), in that said spacer member (40) is disposed at the end of said guide support (210) opposite to said support stop (22), and in that said clamping flange (31) is positioned on said retaining arm (21) in an intermediate zone between said spacer member (40) and said support stop (22). 13. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that a holding device (10) is used to hold two prefabricated walls (1, 2) between them, said device comprising two holding arms (11, 12) articulated end butted by a hinge (13), each holding arm comprising a guide support (110) and a movable tube (120), and each movable tube (120) being slidably mounted in one of the guide supports (110), that said spacer member (40) is disposed at the end of each guide support (110) opposite said articulation (13), and that a clamping flange (31) is positioned on each holding arm (11, 12) in an intermediate zone between said spacer member (40) and said central articulation (13).