FR3050749A1 - MODULE FOR REALIZING A ROTARY SITE STAIRCASE, ASSEMBLY COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE SUCH MODULE AND SITE STAIRCASE COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE SUCH ASSEMBLY - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates in particular to a module (2; 7) for producing a rotating temporary building site (1), said module (2; 7) comprising a central post (3) and at least two radially extending steps (20). from said central post (3). The module is remarkable in that said at least two steps (20) are secured to a stringer (4), the stringer (4) having an upper end (43) and a lower end (44), and in that said ends high (43) and low (44) each comprise a fastening element (45; 46) to a vertical upright (5, 8) or to a horizontal crossbar (6) of a scaffolding structure.

Description

MODULE FOR REALIZING A ROTARY SITE STAIRCASE, ASSEMBLY COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE SUCH MODULE AND SITE STAIRCASE COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE SUCH ASSEMBLY The invention relates to the field of temporary building stairs allowing the movement of people and equipment between a low area and a high zone of installation of the stairs.

When carrying out a construction site, it is sometimes useful to be able to climb temporary stairs in restricted spaces such as small spaces (of the order of 1 m ^) or directly in a scaffolding structure.

Document FR 3,021,682 discloses a temporary construction staircase designed to be installed inside a scaffolding. Such a staircase has several disadvantages: in fact, the steps that extend radially from a central mast do not rest on any support near their free end, which weakens the holding of the steps on the mast. Thus, such a staircase can not be realized with large steps (more than 50 cm of walking width) because it is necessary to limit the cantilever can deform the step when it is supported on it. Such a staircase is thus necessarily narrow and it is difficult to borrow it with equipment: its use is thus limited to the displacement of a single man.

In addition, such a staircase has no landing or exit stage and it also has a height limited by the recovery of all operating expenses on the central mast. The invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of such a temporary staircase site.

To this end, it proposes a set of modular elements to create a provisional rotating construction staircase and a particular module, the modular elements of the assembly ensuring, by their design, a safe assembly of the rotating staircase. provisional. The elements of the assembly, according to the invention are designed to assemble directly in a scaffolding structure. They are both easy to assemble and easy to disassemble. The invention relates, in a first step, to a module for producing a rotating temporary building staircase, said module comprising a central post and at least two steps extending radially from said central post, and which is characterized in that said at least two steps are secured to a silt, the silt having an upper end and a lower end, and in that said upper and lower ends each comprise a fastener element to a vertical upright or to a horizontal cross member of a structure of scaffolding.

Advantageously, the module according to the invention may also comprise at least one of the following features: it comprises two steps, the fastener element of the upper end of the stringer is designed to attach to a vertical upright and the fastener element of the low end of the stringer is designed to attach to a horizontal cross member; - It has three steps, the fastener of the upper end of the stringer is designed to attach to a horizontal cross and the fastener of the lower end of the stringer is designed to attach to a vertical upright; the three steps comprise an upper step, a median step and a lower step, and the upper step comprises a stirrup allowing the attachment of one end of a crossbar or of a horizontal scaffolding cross; and - the central pole has a male end and a female end, said female end being adapted to receive the male end of a second central pole. The invention also relates, in a second step, to an assembly comprising modular elements for producing a rotating worksite staircase, characterized in that at least one modular element among said modular elements is a module as defined above. The assembly according to the invention may advantageously comprise at least one of the following features: at least one second modular element among said modular elements is a guardrail post, said post of railing comprising a rod having at least a rod fixing member at each of its ends and substantially in its middle, said at least one rod fixing member being adapted to cooperate with a fastener; said railing post is equipped at one of its ends with a second rod fixing element, said second rod fixing element being able to fix a part of a railing; at least one third modular element among said modular elements is a railing, said guardrail comprising two lateral uprights, connected by three horizontal crosspieces, said lateral uprights each comprising a guardrail fixing element, adapted to assembling with said second rod attachment member and a retaining tab which prevents movement of the railing upwardly after placement of a horizontal cross member; and a fourth modular element among said modular elements is a bearing plate, said plate comprising a substantially planar piece able to bear at least on horizontal crosspieces.

In a third step, the invention relates to a rotating temporary building staircase, comprising a set of modular elements as defined above; the modular elements being assembled to each other.

To be able to be executed, the invention is explained in a sufficiently clear and complete manner in the following description which is, in addition, accompanied by drawings in which: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a provisional rotating staircase in accordance with FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a first module according to the invention, constituting a part that may comprise an assembly according to the invention; FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a second module; module according to the invention, constituting a part that may comprise an assembly according to the invention, - Figure 4 is a perspective view of a guardrail amount that may comprise an assembly according to the invention, - Figure 5 is a perspective view of a railing that may comprise an assembly according to the invention. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a tray capable of forming a bearing in the temporary staircase according to the invention; FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a cross member capable of at least partially supporting a tray; Figure 8 is an enlargement of part VIII shown in Figure 1, and - Figure 9 is a perspective view showing another tray.

In the following description, the terms "lower", "higher", "high", "low", etc. are used with reference to the drawings for greater ease of understanding. They should not be understood as limitations of the scope of the invention.

Figure 1 illustrates a temporary construction site staircase 1 which is rotating and which is in accordance with the invention, that is to say that it is made from a set of modular elements assembled to each other.

Modular elements in accordance with the invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7 and 9.

In the context of the embodiment described, the modular elements comprise in particular two modules respectively represented in FIGS. 2 and 3.

A first module 2 (FIG. 2) comprises two substantially triangular steps 20 parallel to each other, which extend radially from a central post 3 to a stringer 4.

The central post 3 extends along a substantially vertical axis Z, while the steps extend along horizontal planes perpendicular to the axis Z.

The silt 4 is in the form of a substantially parallelepipedal plate 40, parallel to the axis Z, which is integral with the edge of the steps 20.

The plate 40 has two long sides 41 substantially parallel to each other and two small sides 42 substantially parallel to each other. The long sides are inclined downwards so that the plate 40 has an upper end 43 and a lower end 44: indeed, the end 43 is at a level higher than the end 44.

According to the invention, the upper end 43 and the lower end 44 are each equipped with a fixing element 45 and 46, respectively. The fastener 45, located at the high end, is designed to attach to a vertical post, while the fastener 46 located at the lower end, is adapted to attach to a post. horizontal cross.

Furthermore, the central pole 3 in the form of a tube of circular section 30 has an end 31 (upper in the figure) called "male end", and an opposite end 32 called "female", the female end 32 having a inner diameter substantially greater than the outer diameter of the male end 31 so that the female end 32 can be moved around the male end 31 of another central pole 3 of another module (for example the illustrated module). in Figure 3).

The module 2 thus produced comprises three bearing points on a scaffolding structure: two external bearing points, constituted by the fastening elements 45 and 46, and a central fulcrum formed by the anchoring of the central post 3 on another central post 3 or by the support of the central post 3 on a support surface. These three supports ensure the stability of the module during assembly and when used by a person (when the escalator is used by the person). The fixing element 45 is of the "crab®" type: it is made by a U-shaped piece 45, secured by its slice wafer 40, at the high end 43, the inside of the "U" being turned to the left. The U-shaped fastening element 45 has two parallel arms each having a through opening, the two parallel arms also being parallel to the planes of the steps 20. A key 47 is inserted into the through openings.

To secure the silt to an element of the scaffolding by means of the fastener 45, it is necessary to position the two parallel arms of the fastening element 45 on either side of a part of an element of vertical scaffold 5, this part having a through opening, so as to align the through openings of the parallel arms with the through opening of the part of the scaffolding element. The key 47 is introduced through the three through holes, thereby securing the fastening element 45 to the fixing part of the scaffolding element. The fixing element 46 is a hook whose concavity is turned downwards, the concavity having dimensions such that it is able to accommodate a horizontal cross member 6 of a scaffolding structure, so as to rest the module 2 on a horizontal crossbar 6, as shown in particular in Figure 1.

A second module 7 according to the invention is illustrated in FIG.

The second module 7 comprises three substantially triangular steps 20 parallel to each other, which extend radially from a central pole 3 to a stringer 4.

The central post 3 extends along a substantially vertical axis Z, while the steps 20 extend along horizontal planes perpendicular to the axis Z.

As for the silt of the module 2 which is illustrated in FIG. 2, the silt 4 of the module 7 is in the form of a substantially parallelepipedal plate 40, parallel to the axis Z, which is integral with the edge of the steps 20.

The three steps 20 comprise an upper step 21, a median step 22 and a lower step 23.

The upper step 21 comprises, in the vicinity of the central pole 3, a bracket 24 visible in particular in Figure 8 which will be described in more detail later.

In Figure 3, the plate 40 has two long sides 41 (a large side 41 high and a large side 41 down) at least partially parallel to each other and two small sides 42 substantially parallel to each other.

More precisely, the long bottom 41 has a portion 48 parallel to the long upper side 41, and a portion 49 inclined slightly with respect to the portion 48.

The long sides 41 are inclined downwards so that the plate 40 has a high end 43 and a low end 44 (as for the module 2).

According to the invention, the upper end 43 and the lower end 44 are each equipped with a fixing element 46 and 45, respectively. The fastener 46, located at the high end, is designed to attach to a horizontal cross member and is described above. The fastener 45 located at the bottom end is adapted to attach to a vertical post and is described above.

Furthermore, as for the module 2, the central pole 3 in the form of a circular section of tube 30 has an end 31 (upper in FIG. 3) called "male end", and an opposite end 32 called "female", the female end 32 having an inner diameter substantially greater than the outer diameter of the male end 31 so that the female end 32 can be engaged around the male end 31 of another central pole 3 of another module (for example the module 2 illustrated in FIG. 2).

The module 7 thus produced also comprises three bearing points on a scaffolding structure: two external bearing points, constituted by the fixing elements 46 and 45, and a central fulcrum formed by the anchoring of the post central 3 on another central post 3 or by the support of the central post 3 on a support surface. These three supports ensure the stability of the module during assembly and when used by a person (when the escalator is used by the person).

The modules 2 and 7 are assembled to one another by fitting the posts 3 and placing the stringers 40 in the same plane. The two modules 2 and 7 thus positioned extend over a length substantially equal to the length of a horizontal scaffold traverse 6 (see Figure 1). On one side of the spiral staircase 1, it can be seen that the two modules 2 and 7 rest on a horizontal scaffolding crosspiece 6 thanks to the fastening elements 46 positioned one beside the other on the crossmember 6. The ends of the stringers 40 of the two modules are fixed to two vertical scaffolding elements 5 by means of the fastening elements 45.

It should be noted that the vertical scaffolding elements concerned concern two consecutive corner posts on the four corner posts 8 delimiting the volume in which the rotating provisional staircase 1 is mounted.

The corner posts 8 are each formed by the interlocking of vertical elements 5. An example of a vertical element 5 is illustrated in FIG. 8.

Another vertical element 5A is a railing post. It comprises a cylindrical tube 50 forming a rod carrying fasteners called "rod attachment elements 51", which are secured to the cylindrical tube 50 at both ends 52 and 53 and substantially in the middle. The upper end 52 of the tube 50 and the middle part of the tube 50 each comprise two rod attachment elements 51, fixed at different levels and offset by substantially 90 ° around the tube 50. The two rod fixing elements 51 are two U-shaped parts whose parallel arms are fixed by their edge on the tube 50, for example by welding.

The two parallel arms of the rod attachment members each have a through opening near its center.

The rod fixing elements 51 are thus designed to cooperate with a fastening element 45 of the modules 2 and 7 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. In fact, the fixing of the module 2 or 7 on a vertical element 5 (or vertical upright 5 ) is done by positioning the parallel arms of the elements 45 above and below the two parallel arms of the rod attachment elements 51. The holding in position is by sliding a key 47 through the openings of the parallel arms of the 45. The lower end 53 of the tube 50 has a rod attachment member 51 and another rod attachment member 54 which is different from the rod attachment member 51. The rod attachment member 54 is a hollow cylinder, open at its ends. The hollow cylinder is oriented parallel to the tube 50 to which it is fixed by tabs 55. The rod fixing member 51 is thus designed to receive a fastening finger 60 of a railing 9 shown in FIG.

It should be noted that a rod fixing element 51 can also receive a fixing element 45.

The railing 9 has two lateral uprights 61 connected by three horizontal crosspieces 62 (high, intermediate and low crosspieces), the horizontal crosspieces extending in horizontal planes and being parallel to each other.

The upper ends of the two lateral uprights 61 are integral with the two fastening fingers 60, each being in the form of a vertical cylindrical piece.

The two lateral uprights 61 are symmetrical with respect to a virtual plane P located between the two uprights and they each comprise two vertical straight portions 63 and 64 connected by an inclined portion 65. The inclined portions 65 of the two lateral uprights are close to the plane P virtual going down.

The two horizontal ties 62 high and intermediate are also interconnected by a vertical bar 66 connecting them substantially in their middle.

The vertical bar 66 is parallel to the vertical straight portions 63 and 64 of the lateral uprights 61.

In a variant of the guardrail 9, two inclined bars 67 and 68, symmetrical with respect to the virtual plane P, each connect a central portion of the lower transverse strut 62 to a vertical straight portion 64 of a lateral upright 61, as shown in FIG. Figures 1 and 8.

Finally, two retaining lugs 69 are fixed transversely to the vertical straight portions of the lateral uprights 61, below the junction point of the low horizontal tie 62 and a vertical straight portion 64.

Figures 6 and 7 show two other elements that may comprise a set of modular elements according to the invention, to achieve a temporary rotating staircase safely.

FIG. 6 shows a plate 10 which is fastened at least in particular on horizontal crosspieces 6 in place of a module, to constitute an exit bearing of the spiral staircase inside the staircase; that is to say inside the space delimited between the four vertical uprights 8 between which the provisional staircase extends. The advantage of creating an internal landing is that it is located following a walk, and possibly up to a step, in the continuity of steps of the person who borrows the stairs. It is thus safer than a spiral staircase with outlets outside the staircase: in fact, the one who borrows such a staircase with exit (or landing) outside must span a silt which is a risk of falling if his foot strikes. the silt.

The plate 10 can be made by two substantially flat parts assembled together, able to constitute a rest stop for a person.

A first piece 11 of substantially square shape, if not rectangular and a second piece 12 of triangular shape, having a side 13 parallel to that 14 of the piece 11 to which it faces and a side 15 which is in the extension of one side 16 of Exhibit 11.

The sides 13 and 14 are connected together by tabs 17. Other tabs 17, external, are provided on the side 18 of the part 11, the side 18 being the opposite side to the side 14.

The tabs 17 (external or not) are made by U-shaped parts, whose concavity is turned downwards.

The outer tabs 17 may be welded to the side 18 of the piece 11 and to the side 15 of the piece 12. The tabs 17 are also fixed by welding on the sides 14 and 13 of the two pieces 11 and 12 they closer.

The outer legs 17 have the function of resting the plate 10 on several horizontal scaffolds 6.

The tabs 17 connecting the sides 13 and 14 of the parts 11 and 12 of the plate 10 have the function of resting on a horizontal scaffolding beam 6 shown in FIG.

Note that, according to the embodiment described, the plate 10 has an upper surface which is at the same level as the surface of the upper step 21 of the module 3.

It should be understood that the invention is not limited to the presence of a tray 10 as just described. Other embodiments of bearings can be envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention.

For example, a bearing such as that shown in Figure 9 could be implemented in the staircase according to the invention to achieve a rest or exit stage.

FIG. 9 shows a plate 100 whose length is substantially equal to the length of a horizontal crossmember 6.

The plate 100 comprises a part 101 which is flat and of substantially rectangular shape, of which a part 102 of the surface would have been hollowed out - the part 102 corresponds to the shape of a step 20.

The part 101 has two through-openings 103 which allow a person to easily grasp the plate 100. Two opposite sides 104 and 105 of the plate 100 (both of these sides being contiguous with the longest side 106) are provided with fixing lugs 17, allowing the plate 100 to rest on horizontal crosspieces 6.

To ensure the safety of a person using the tray 10, it is expected to mount a railing 9 along the side 18 of the tray.

This guardrail 9 is installed prior to the mounting of step modules 2 and 7 and the tray.

More exactly, the railing 9 is installed before positioning and fixing the horizontal crossbar 6. It will be noted that the tabs 69 of the railing are placed under the horizontal crosspiece 6, which prevents any movement of the railing towards the railing. high. It is therefore impossible to remove the guardrail without first undoing the horizontal crossbar 6, security is thus ensured for the person using the temporary staircase.

Another horizontal cross member 70 (see Figure 7) is also a part that can be part of a set of parts according to the invention.

The cross member 70 has a length substantially equal to half the length of a horizontal cross member 6 of the staircase according to the invention.

The crossmember 70 comprises a cylindrical bar 71 at the ends of which U-shaped fixing elements 45 are fixed. The fastener 45 at one end has a concavity facing downwards while the fixing element 45 of the opposite end has a concavity which is oriented in the direction of the axis of the bar, towards the outside of the bar 71.

As can be seen in FIG. 8, the crossmember 70 is fixed between a horizontal crossmember 6 of the scaffold and the stirrup 24 of the step of the module 3.

To do this, a fastener 45 of the crossmember 70 is fixed to a horizontal crossmember 6 and the opposite fastener 45 of the crossmember 70 is fixed on the stirrup 24 of the step 21.

Thus positioned, the crosspiece 70 serves to support the tabs 17 which connect the edges 13 and 14 of the parts 12 or 11 of the plate 10.

Reference will now be made to a method of mounting a temporary rotating staircase according to the invention from the modular elements described and shown in FIGS. 2 to 7.

Reference is made to Figure 1.

First, the person places four bases 80 on shims on which it fixes the ends of horizontal scaffold ties 6.

Then, the person assembles four vertical uprights 8 by assembling vertical scaffold elements 5 end to end to at least partially achieve each corner post 8.

The person then installs a floor 19 which is fixed laterally on the horizontal scaffold ties 6.

The person then fixes diagonals (steel tube) 81 on one side between two corner posts, each diagonal measuring nearly 1.70 m.

Is then fixed a diagonal 82 of greater length (of the order of 2.4 m) on a side opposite to the side carrying the diagonals 81.

In order to ensure its safety in height, the person assembles four guardrails 9, each railing being mounted in height between two corner posts 8, by inserting the fingers 60 (FIG. 5) in the rod fixing elements. 54 or 51 (shown in Figure 4).

The person can then mount a first module 2 by fixing the stringer 40 on a vertical upright and a horizontal cross and inserting the central pole 3 in a central support 83.

Then it alternately raises a module 7 and a module 2 afterwards and by turning around the central pole 3. More exactly, the person mounts a module 7 then a module 2, then again a module 7.

It should be noted that a module 7 followed by a module 2 can create steps on an entire side of the winding staircase.

After having alternately mounted two modules 2 with two modules 7, the person assembles a new floor 19 and a plate 100.

Then it renews the operations already described: - Mounting of four guardrails in height, - Mounting of diagonals, - Mounting of four modules 2 and 7 by alternating the mounting of a module 2 and a module 7.

Then, the person installs a horizontal scaffolding crossbar between the stirrup 24 of the step 21 and a horizontal crosspiece 6, and a vertical upright 5 substantially in the middle of the horizontal crossbar 6. It can then position the tray 10 shown in Figure 6 by resting the plate 10 on the horizontal scaffold sleepers 6. A first output 90 of the stairs is thus achieved.

The person may, if he wishes and as shown in Figure 1, repeat all the operations described above to achieve an additional floor and create a second output 91.

To dismantle the staircase, simply carry out the operations in reverse.

It is understood from the foregoing description how the invention makes it possible to create a staircase safely as and when the assembly steps: in fact, thanks to the design of the modular elements according to the invention, the person who assembles the The staircase can first install the security elements (guardrails 9, diagonals 81 or 82) before installing the modules 2 and 7 with the steps of the staircase.

Thus, the person accesses the upper floors of stairs to be mounted fully protected by the guardrails 9 set up from the lower floors.

In addition, since the modules 2 and 7 are designed to have three points of support on the structure of the scaffolding, the person is in a stable position on a module with steps (module 2 or 7) when he climbs the next module (module 2 or 7).

Moreover, it is easy to understand how such a design makes it possible to create comfortable or safe levels of rest or exit for stairs for the person, since the exits are made by internal bearings in the scaffolding tower, designed to place after a flight of steps (a module 2 or 7): the design of the stairs does not interfere with the movement of the person at the entrance of the stairs, on the stairs and at the exit from the stairs.

It will however be understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiment specifically described above and illustrated in the figures: it extends to the implementation of any equivalent means.

Claims (11)

1. Module (2; 7) for producing a rotating temporary building site (1), said module (2; 7) comprising a central post (3) and at least two steps (20) extending radially from said central post (3), characterized in that said at least two steps (20) are secured to a silt (4), the silt (4) having an upper end (43) and a lower end (44), and in that said upper (43) and lower (44) ends each comprise a fastener (45; 46) to a vertical post (5, 8) or to a horizontal cross member (6) of a scaffold structure. 2. Module (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises two steps (20), in that the fastening element (45) of the upper end (43) of the stringer (4) is designed for fixing to a vertical post (5, 8) and in that the fastening element (46) of the lower end (44) of the stringer (4) is adapted to attach to a horizontal cross member (6). 3. Module (7) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises three steps (20), in that the fastening element (46) of the upper end (43) of the silt (4) is designed for attaching to a horizontal cross member (6) and in that the fastening element (45) of the lower end (44) of the stringer (4) is adapted to attach to a vertical post (5 or 8). Module (7) according to claim 3, characterized in that the three steps (20) comprise an upper step (21), a middle step (22) and a lower step (23) and that the upper step ( 21) comprises a stirrup (24) for fixing one end of a crossbar (70) or a horizontal scaffolding crossbar. 5. Module (2; 7) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the central pole (3) has a male end (31) and a female end (32), said female end (32) being suitable receiving the male end (31) of a second central post (3). 6. An assembly comprising modular elements for making a rotating construction staircase (1), characterized in that at least one modular element among said modular elements is a module (2; 7) according to any one of the preceding claims. 7. An assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one second modular element among said modular elements is a railing post (5A), said railing post (5A) comprising a rod (50) having at least one rod fixing element (51) at each of its ends and substantially at its center, said at least one rod fixing element (51) being able to cooperate with a fastening element (45). 8. An assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that said railing post (5A) is equipped at one of its ends with a second rod fixing element (51), said second fixing element. rod (51) being adapted to fix a portion (60) of a guardrail (9). 9. An assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that at least one third modular element among said modular elements is a railing (9), said guardrail (9) having two lateral uprights (61), connected by three horizontal crosspieces (62), said lateral uprights (61) each having a guardrail fastening element (60) adapted to be assembled with said second rod fixing member (51) and a retaining tab (69) which prevents any movement of the guardrail upwards after the installation of a horizontal crossbar (6). 10. An assembly according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that a fourth modular element among said modular elements is a plate (10; 100) bearing, said plate (10; 100) having a substantially flat piece able to take support at least on horizontal crosspieces. 11. Construction staircase (1) rotating temporary, comprising a set of modular elements (2; 7; 5A; 9; 10; 100) according to any one of claims 6 to 10, the modular elements (2; 7; 5A; 9, 10; 100) being assembled together.