FR3049624A1 - INSULATION ELEMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

Insulating element for which this insulation element (1) comprises at least one base panel (2) and an insulation material (3), characterized in that the insulation element (1) comprises one or more a plurality of strip-like material portions (19) adapted for passage of pipes.

Description

Insulation element.

The present invention relates to an insulation element.

Insulation elements in the form of insulation panels, for example for post-insulation of walls, floors, ceilings and roofs, are already widely known and may, for example, consist essentially of a hard foam board as a panel of polyurethane, polyisocyanurate or polystyrene, which is provided, for example on both sides, with aluminum cover layers. Insulation panels are for example known from the patents WO 2012/104067, EP 2 316 641, NL 2012181, DE 2005 011 630 U1 and DE 2009 001 352 Ul. Such an insulation is generally finished on the visible side. with plasterboard panels or other panel materials on a wood or aluminum assembly, for example. Potential piping, such as electrical conduit, is ideally placed between the assembly in the recess between the insulating material and the panel material prior to placement of the finish. In addition, insulating finishing panels are widely known and may consist essentially of, for example, a hard foam board, such as a polyurethane, polyisocyanurate or polystyrene board, and a visible side with plasterboard board or other material of panel. Potential piping, such as electrical piping, is ideally placed on the backside of the insulation element, in the load-bearing wall, or in the insulation material. Posterior placement of pipes requires the cutting of the finish over the entire channel of the pipe to be planned and the restoration of the visible side. In these cases, the insulation material must be removed on the entire track. It goes without saying that it is also possible to work with inserts. However, these are less attractive aesthetically in most cases.

Insulating elements in the form of self-supporting elements, for example for the formation of a roof construction, are also widely known and may be, for example, essentially consist of a base panel having ribs disposed thereon, insulation material being placed between said ribs. Self-supporting insulation elements are for example known from patent EP 2 273 024. For such insulating elements, the base panel can form in itself the visible side, for example the side turned inwards in the case the construction of a roof. For these insulating elements, the pipes can be placed only later, either in a reported manner, or by cutting the base panel over the entire channel of the pipe to be provided and the repair of the visible side.

By US Pat. Nos. 4,163,348 and 104032920 A, for example, the honeycomb filling, as known per se, can be applied in partition walls in order to obtain a rigid separation of a limited weight. According to the same point of view, it is known from US Pat. Nos. 7,707,799 B2 and WO 2013/060308 to incorporate a honeycomb structure in the insulation material of a self-supporting insulation element.

By US Pat. No. 8,387,747 B2 and EP 1 840 287, it is again known to apply an open honeycomb structure for the creation of a certain acoustic absorption.

By the patent WO 2013/120148, it is known to apply a closed honeycomb aluminum as a base panel for fireproof insulation in ships. The visible side is formed by the insulation.

Patent DE 200 16 828 U1 discloses an insulation element with a base panel and an insulation material, for which hollow bodies provided in the insulation material are intended for the passage of pipes. These hollow bodies are not accessible from the visible side, but simply from the ends of the insulation element, ie when installing the insulation element.

The present invention relates to an insulation element which allows, in a simpler way, to provide pipes behind the visible side. For this purpose, the invention relates, according to its first independent aspect, to an insulation element for which this insulation element comprises at least one base panel and an insulating material, with this characteristic that the element of insulation between the base panel and the insulation material also comprises an intermediate layer, preferably separated, with a cellular structure. In the intermediate layer, passage ducts may be provided for the pipelines without having to open the base panel over the entire desired channel of the pipeline. It may, for example, suffice to make an opening at the beginning and at the end of the track and, using a tool such as a needle or a heated wire, to insert a passage sheath through the structure. cell of the intermediate layer. Such tools are for example known from the patent FR 2 789 239. However, the aforementioned openings are generally required for the placement of switches, outlets or other taps in such a way that with the insulation element , it becomes possible to provide a pipe behind the base panel without having to make unnecessary openings. The insulation element of the invention thus provides a ready-to-use solution for, for example, a doubling.

Preferably, the aforesaid intermediate layer extends at least over a thickness of between 1.5 cm and 4 cm. Such a thickness makes it possible to pass the usual pipes without limiting too much the insulation value of the insulation element as a whole. It should be noted here that the filling of the cells can contribute in itself to the insulation value of the insulation element, including in the case where it is air.

Preferably, the cellular structure of the intermediate layer is at least coarser than the cell structure of the aforementioned insulation material. The coarser cell structure provides less resistance when inserting the sheaths since fewer cell walls have to be drilled or torched or undergo other similar operations. It is preferably a cell structure with an average cell diameter of at least 5 millimeters and more preferably at least 1 cm. Preferably, these are oblong cells for which the height of the cells is at least twice the diameter.

Preferably, the cellular structure of the intermediate layer essentially comprises cells which extend uninterruptedly over substantially the thickness of the aforementioned intermediate layer. Preferably, these are prismatic cells which extend transversely in the direction of the height, preferably perpendicularly or nearly perpendicularly, to the base panel. Such orientation retains sufficient strength, for example the compressive strength of the insulation member;

Preferably, the cellular structure consists essentially or completely of prismatic cells which extend transversely in the height direction on the base panel and for which the base plane has at least two parallel sides. Preferably, a first pair of said parallel sides extends in the width direction of the insulation member, while a second pair of said parallel sides extends in the direction of the height of the element. insulation. In this way, it becomes simple to insert horizontal or vertical ducts through the cellular structure. In the most preferred embodiment, the prismatic cells extend vertically or perpendicularly across the base panel and the base is a quadrilateral or, more preferably, a square.

The foregoing makes it obvious that the aforesaid intermediate layer preferably has a honeycomb structure, namely prismatic with a hexagonal base, or another grid structure, preferably prismatic with a square base.

Preferably, the intermediate structure consists essentially of paper, cardboard or plastic, such as polypropylene or polystyrene, more preferably, preferably at least the cell walls are made of paper, cardboard, polypropylene or polystyrene. Thanks to such a cellular structure or to such cell walls, sheaths can be provided simply by means of a needle, for example in the case of paper and cardboard, or by means of a heated wire, for example in the polystyrene case.

A particular possibility for the intermediate layer lies in the application of the grid structures well known per se by the patent EP 1 165 310, for which such a structure is manufactured from a laminated material using a process of continuous production.

It is obvious that the aforesaid base panel preferably forms a visible side of the insulation element or that the aforesaid base panel is intended to be finished so as to form a visible side.

Preferably, the aforesaid baseboard comprises a plasterboard panel, a plasterboard or cement board, or a particle board, such as a chipboard, an Oriented Strand Board (OSB), or an MDF / HDF board. (Medium of High Density Fiberboard).

Preferably, the aforementioned insulation material relates to a meal mousse. It is mainly for these insulation materials that the passage of pipes is problematic, since they are not or almost not compressible. Preferably, the aforementioned insulation material relates to an insulation made of polyurethane (PU), polyisocyanurate (PIR), polystyrene or expanded or extruded phenol.

According to one variant, the aforementioned insulation material comprises an insulation material in the form of a mattress, preferably mineral wool, for example with glass wool or rock wool. It is also possible to work with rock wool, linen wool, sheep wool, springs, straw etc. In the case of mineral wool, a significant flame retardant and fire retardant effect is obtained. For the insulation material, it is also possible to apply a cellulose-based insulation material or an insulating material based on wood fibers. The insulation materials based on cellulose or wood fibers are known for their good sound insulation value, in addition, they also have a very good acceptable thermal insulation value.

It is of course possible that the insulation element has several layers of insulation material. In one particular example, the insulation material is mainly composed of hard foam, but the insulation element has, on the opposite side of the base panel, a blanket of insulation in the form of a mattress. Similarly to the NL patent 2012181, it is possible, using the mattress-shaped insulation blanket, to absorb inequalities, for example for placement against an impure wall, while using hard foam, a good insulation value is obtained. Preferably, the hard foam is in this case polyisocyanurate.

Preferably, the above-mentioned cells are only filled with air or any other insulating gas, such as a pentane-based gas. However, if the cells are filled with a material, it is preferably a material which, at the usual temperature, can flow either a gel-shaped material or a liquid material or a material powdery, such that this material, during the insertion of the sheaths, can be easily removed and, preferably, flows automatically outwards. It can also be a material that becomes liquid or gaseous during the insertion of the sheaths, for example because the pressure in the cells decreases because of this or because the temperature in the cells increases, for example when using a heated needle or wire for insertion of sheaths. As a powdery material, it is possible, for example, to use polystyrene granules, pearlite grains or vermiculite grains. These powders result in an additional insulation value. Preferably, the above-mentioned cells are free of solid and liquid material.

In another preferred embodiment, the cells are filled with a compressible insulation material, such as a cellulose-based insulation material and / or a glass fiber insulation material. Π can for example be here a blow insulation. The use of a compressible insulation material makes it possible to insert the sheaths through the insulation material concerned, to push laterally by means of the tool applied to the present and / or by means of the pipe to be passed through. even. The insulation element of the invention can be realized according to different concrete possibilities, of which below, without being exhaustive, there are three important possibilities.

According to a first important possibility, the insulation element of the invention relates to an insulating finishing panel for fixing it to walls, floors, ceilings or a roof structure, or to a wood or aluminum assembly to finish walls, partition walls, floors or ceilings. In this context, the base panel is then preferably turned inward and forms the visible side or the base of the visible side.

According to a second important possibility, the insulation element relates to a self-supporting insulation element. Such a self-supporting element also preferably comprises one or more ribs between which the aforementioned insulation material is located. These ribs are preferably attached directly to the base panel. This may be a seasoned roof element or what is known as a sandwich element, for which, on the side opposite the base panel, a panel material is placed on the material of the sandwich. 'insulation.

According to a third important possibility, the insulation element relates to an element for the formation of intermediate walls or partition walls. In such a case, it is preferably an element which has been provided on the two opposite sides of a base panel. These then form a visible side in each case. Preferably, under the two base panels there is an intermediate layer with a cellular structure. According to the most preferred embodiment, such an element, considered in the thickness, has a completely symmetrical structure.

According to a special variant of the present invention, the intermediate layer is executed in one part with the insulation material, said insulation material being made of hard foam and this hard foam being executed against the base panel with a more cellular structure. coarse than in the rest of the insulation material. Preferably, the cell structure of the intermediate layer is performed with a cell diameter that is on average ten or one hundred times larger than the average cell diameter of the insulating material itself.

According to the same point of view as in the first aspect, the present invention, according to a second independent aspect, still relates to an insulation element for which this insulation element comprises at least one base panel and an insulation material, with this feature that the insulation element between the base panel and the insulation material also has an intermediate layer, preferably separated, with one or more preformed ducts. The sheaths concerned preferably extend in at least one of the main directions of the insulation element concerned, preferably at least in the direction of the length. According to an alternative, the sheaths can extend in two directions located transversely relative to each other, for example both almost transversely and almost longitudinally, so that the sheaths form a grid pattern in the intermediate layer concerned. . The ducts concerned can be applied as passage ducts for pipes without having to open the base panel over the entire desired channel of the pipe. In the case of ducts extending exclusively or mainly lengthwise, a transverse passage must be made using a tool as described in the first aspect.

Preferably, the aforementioned intermediate layer has a foam structure. In this case, the passage of pipes to positions that are at least partially outside the preformed ducts is simple to perform.

Preferably, the intermediate layer consists mainly of polystyrene, preferably polystyrene foam such as XPS (extruded polystyrene) or EPS (expanded polystyrene).

Preferably, the aforementioned sheaths are provided with the aforementioned intermediate layer by means of milling in the material.

The sheaths of the insulation element of the second aspect can also find a different application than the simple passage of pipes and cables. For example, they may also form ventilation ducts, for example for ventilation or convective heat transfer. If the ducts are designed for the passage of pipes and / or cables, they may be filled with a gas or other material, such as the materials referred to in the first aspect for filling the cells mentioned there .

The sheaths of the insulation element are preferably made with a rectangular or square cross section, one side of which is preferably formed by a material different from the overall material of the intermediate layer, for example by the material of the basic panel aforesaid. It goes without saying that it is not excluded that one could opt for ducts that have another cross section, such as a hexagonal section or a circular section. Preferably, the section has at least one side which is formed by a material different from the overall material of the intermediate layer, for example by the material of the aforesaid base panel, in other words by the back side of the base panel.

Preferably, the intermediate layer comprises many parallel sheaths, the intermediate distance of which has been selected so that a branch opening always opens at least partially one of these sheaths. A good choice here is an intermediate distance between the axes of two contiguous sheaths of 10 centimeters or less, and more preferably 7 centimeters or less.

Preferably, the aforementioned sheaths extend mainly or generally seen in a straight line. If the sheaths extend otherwise than in a straight line, they preferably have a lane with an axis which deviates only to a limited extent from a straight line, especially with a gap smaller than the width or smaller than half of the width of the sheath concerned.

It goes without saying that the insulation element of the second aspect can also be realized according to different concrete possibilities, in particular according to the three important possibilities for this purpose mentioned with the aid of the first aspect, the cellular structure being exchanged with the preformed sheaths. of the second aspect. Thus, for example, the insulation element relates, according to the third important possibility, an element for the formation of intermediate walls or partition walls. In such a case, it is preferably an element which has been provided on the two opposite sides of a base panel. These then form a visible side in each case. Preferably, under the two base panels there is an intermediate layer with preformed sheaths. According to the most preferred embodiment, such an element, considered in the thickness, is completely realized symmetrically, ie in reflection symmetry.

With the same object as in the first and second aspects, the present invention, according to a third independent aspect, still relates to an insulation element for which this insulation element comprises at least a base panel and an insulation material. with this feature that the insulation element comprises one or more strip-shaped material parts suitable for the passage of pipes. The strip-like material parts concerned preferably extend in at least one of the main directions of the insulation element concerned, preferably at least in the longitudinal direction of the insulation element.

The aforementioned strip-like material portions are on the inside of the insulation member and are preferably disposed against the base panel. Preferably, the strip-shaped material portions are at predetermined distances from one or more edges of the insulation member and / or their position is marked on the outer side of the insulation member. insulation, preferably on the aforesaid base panel. Preferably, the insulation member is rectangular and oblong, at least one of the aforementioned strip-like material portions being in the center or in the central 20 percent between the long sides of the insulation member. concerned.

Preferably, the aforesaid web-like material portions, viewed in cross-section, are surrounded by the aforesaid insulation material and the base panel. The strip-shaped material portions may, for example, have a rectangular cross-section of which one side is connected to the inner side of the base panel and the other three sides are connected to the insulation material.

Preferably, the aforesaid band-shaped portions have a cellular structure, preferably similar to the cell structure that has been mentioned in the first aspect for the separate layers. Preferably, the cellular structure of the band-shaped material portion is at least coarser than the possible cell structure of the aforementioned insulation material. Preferably, the cellular structure of the band-shaped material portion also extends uninterruptedly over substantially the entire thickness (D1) of the material portion (19) of interest.

Preferably, the one or more strip-shaped material portions consist mainly of cardboard or polystyrene, more precisely the cell walls are made of at least cardboard or polystyrene.

Preferably, one or more strip-shaped material portions have a honeycomb structure or other mesh structure.

Preferably, any cells of the web-like material portions are free of solid material. The insulation element of the third aspect preferably comprises two or more ribs between which the aforementioned insulation material is applied. In this context, the one or more portions of said web-like material may be applied about the center of two adjacent ribs. Preferably, such a portion of web-like material is applied between each pair of two neighboring ribs.

It is obvious that the invention of the third aspect preferably comprises a self-supporting insulation element.

Preferably, the aforesaid base panel forms a visible side of the insulation element. The aforesaid base panel here preferably comprises a gypsum board, a plasterboard or cement board or a particle board.

As insulation material, it is preferable to use, in the context of the third aspect, an insulation based on polyurethane (PU), polyisocyanurate (PIR), polystyrene or expanded or extruded phenol. Such insulation material provides good insulation and also allows for simple production of the insulation element of the third aspect. Thus, for example, a strip of honeycomb material may be applied in a wooden box made of at least one baseboard material and ribs. Then, the foamable mixture can be applied in a liquid manner in the box and foamed. This provides a good connection between each element, including the band-shaped material part.

It is obvious that it is not excluded that the aforementioned insulation material comprises an insulation material in the form of a mattress, preferably mineral wool.

In order to better demonstrate the characteristics of the invention, a few preferred embodiments are described below, as an example and without any exhaustive character, with reference to the following sketches, in which: FIG. 1 reproduces in perspective an element of insulation with the features of the first aspect of the invention; Figure 2 reproduces on a larger scale a section along the axis Π-ΙΙ reproduced in Figure 1; Figure 3 reproduces on a larger scale a sectional view along the arrow F3 reproduced in Figure 1; Figures 4 and 5 reproduce variants in a view similar to that of Figure 2; Figure 6 again shows in perspective an insulation element with the features of the first aspect of the invention; Figure 7 reproduces on a larger scale a section along the axis VII-VII reproduced in Figure 6; Figures 8 and 9 show variants in a similar view; Figures 10 and 11 in views similar to those of Figures 6 and 7 respectively illustrate an insulation member with the features of the second aspect of the invention; and Figure 12 reproduces in a similar view an insulation element including the features of the third aspect of the invention;

Figure 1 reproduces an insulation element 1, in this case an insulating finishing panel.

FIG. 2 clearly indicates that the insulation element 1 comprises a base panel 2, in this example in the form of a gypsum board, and the insulation material 3, in this case a foam is hard as a polyisocyanurate.

Figure 3 indicates that between the base panel 2 and the insulation material 3 there is a separate intermediate layer 4 with a cellular structure. The intermediate layer 4 has a grid structure 5 which consists of prismatic cells 6. In this case, the cells 6 have a hexagonal base and form a honeycomb structure. The prismatic cells 6 extend transversely in the direction of their height, in this case perpendicularly to the base panel 2 and here extend uninterruptedly over the entire thickness DI of the intermediate layer 4. The diameter of average cell, as determined by the inscribed circle C of the aforesaid base, is greater than one centimeter. The height H1 of the cells comprises more than 2 centimeters, namely 2.5 to 3 centimeters. The intermediate layer 4 is made of paper or cardboard and the cells 6 are filled with air.

Figure 1 shows in dotted line 7 two circular holes which are executed in the base panel 2 and possibly in the intermediate layer 4. These holes can accommodate branch points or outlets. In the dashed line 8, the desired channel of the pipeline to be provided between the branch points is reproduced. Behind the base panel 2 or the visible side 9, it is possible, with the aid of a needle, to provide a sheath in this way, for which this needle pierces the cell walls 10 of the intermediate layer 4. The material 3 and the rear side 11 of the base panel 2 accompany the needle in the direction of the thickness and maintain it, in other words, in the intermediate layer 4. This conduction is extremely effective when the material of insulation 3 is a hard foam, such as, for example, polyisocyanurate or polystyrene.

Figures 1 to 3 further indicate that on the side 12 of the insulation member, in opposition to the visible side 9 or the base panel 2, a panel-shaped material 13 may also be provided, for example a panel of particles or a panel material similar or equal to that of the base panel 2. According to the same variant, it is possible, in place of a panel-shaped material 13, to work with a coated coating, for example a cover layer made of aluminum foil, or other vapor-tight material.

It should also be noted that the base panel 2, in the example plasterboard panel, has chamfers 14 on two opposite edges. These chamfers 14 make it possible to finish the joints between two contiguous insulation elements with the aid of a filling product.

Figure 4 shows a variant for which on the side 12, opposite to the base panel 2, a blanket of insulation in the form of a mattress 15 is applied.

Figure 5 reproduces another variant for which the insulation element 1 is symmetrically constructed in the thickness. In this case, in the example of the two sides 9, a similar base panel 2 is applied, namely a plasterboard panel or a ceiling panel, and an intermediate layer 4 with a cellular structure is present in the two interspaces between the base panels 2 and the insulation material 3 respectively. The reproduced element is suitable for producing partition walls.

Figures 6 and 7 reproduce an insulation element 1 in the form of a self-supporting element, for example a roof element. The element comprises, in addition to a base panel 2, an insulation material 3 and an intermediate layer 4 with a cellular structure, one or more ribs 16 between which the insulation material 3 is located. In this case, three ribs 16 have been applied, which limits two compartments 17 with insulation material 3. It is obvious that one can also work with a single compartment 17 or with three compartments 17 or more which contain a material Similarly, it is obvious that the insulating material 3 and the intermediate layer 4 of the different compartments 17, preferably, as here, are constructed in a similar manner. The free-standing element 1 of FIG. 6 relates to a seasoned roof element. In this case, the flat side of the roof element, which is situated in front of the above-mentioned base panel 2, is executed in an open manner and this open side is formed mainly by the aforementioned insulation material 3. By the adjective "open" means that on the relevant side, above the insulation material, with a structural element of the roof element is located. Obviously, however, it is possible for the insulating material 3 to be covered on the open side by a membrane, a foil, an imprint or the like. Such a topcoat is preferably water repellent and / or open to steam, but is not reproduced here.

It should be noted that the roof element of Figure 6 is shortened and the length L of the roof element, in practice, may be several times the width B of the latter. The length L may be provided to the extent of the construction of the roof and is preferably between 2 and 8 meters, while the width B of the element depends on the number of compartments 17 presented by the element of isolation 1, the width B1 of a compartment 17 being preferably between 35 and 60 centimeters, a width B1 of about 40 centimeters being a good value. The height H of a roof element depends on the height H2 of the aforementioned ribs 16 and can preferably be chosen here between 7 and 35 centimeters.

The aforesaid base panel 2 can be selected from the series of chipboard panels, plasterboard panels, gypsum board panels, multiplex panels, Oriented Strand Board (OSB) boards and silicate boards. Such a base panel 2 may be provided on the outward facing side, ie the inner side of the roof construction, with finishing layers such as one or more layers of lacquer, layers of laminate or small slats fixed on it. The base panel 2 may also have fire retardant and / or hydrofixed properties. The specialist knows how to obtain such properties for the basic panel materials mentioned here. In general, it is assumed that such a base panel 2, and in particular a chipboard, does not have thermal insulation properties or almost no, but it is not excluded that one works with basic panels that may have significant thermal insulation.

The aforementioned ribs 16 or rafters are preferably made of wood, such as spruce or pine and preferably occupy the entire length L of the roofing element. Preferably, each rib 16 in the longitudinal direction is in one piece and preferably has a thickness of 20 to 45 millimeters. Instead of being in one piece, one or more of said ribs may also be compound lengthwise of a plurality of members, for example by securing shorter ribs to one another. Such a fixation can be performed with what is known as a finger. For an example of a similar technique, reference is made to patent EP 1 162 050 already mentioned. It should be noted that the base panel 2 may also consist of parts welded to each other.

FIG. 8 again reproduces a self-supporting insulating element 1, for which only two ribs 16 are applied, thus forming a single compartment 17 with an insulating material 3. The compartment 17 concerned, however, has a width B1 which corresponds to that two compartments 17 of the element of Figure 6, that is a width B1 between 70 and 120 centimeters. In order to obtain a good resistance to bending and twisting, a panel material 13 has been applied to the upper side of the insulation material 3, between the ribs 17, in this case a particle board. This panel material 13 has a thickness which is smaller than that of the base panel 2. Unlike the base panel 2, the panel-like material 13 is applied between the ribs 16.

Figure 9 reproduces a self-supporting insulation element 1 of the sandwich type. In this case, the ribs 16 and the insulating material 3 are between the base panel 2 and a panel material 13 on the opposite side, for example a particle board. On the opposite side, there are also protective slats 18 for fixing a roof covering. In this case, the insulation element 1 of FIG. 9 is executed in particular in that the ribs 16 do not extend over the entire distance between the base panel 2 and the other material of FIG. Thus, an acoustic decoupling is obtained between the two panel materials 2-13 as described in patent EP 2 273 024. However, it is not excluded that the ribs extend well over the entire area. the distance between the two panel materials 2-13. According to another possibility, the insulating element 1 of FIG. 9 can also be executed without ribs 16. In this case, the insulation material 3 preferably fills the entire space between the panels 2- 13, with the exception of the separate layer 4, which then preferably extends uninterruptedly between the insulating material 3 and the base panel 2.

It should also be noted that although the examples in the figures reproduce cellular structures consisting of cells 6, all having identical dimensions, it is possible that this cellular structure is performed with cells of variable geometry. As this follows from the introduction, it is not essential that the cells form a honeycomb structure. The base of the cells can be any shape. An interesting embodiment resides in a cellular structure with prismatic cells that have a rectangular or square base. The sides of such a base are then preferably arranged along the length L and the width B of the insulating element 1.

FIGS. 10 and 11 still reproduce an insulating element 1 similar to that of FIGS. 6 and 7, but instead of a cellular structure, preformed sheaths 18 are provided in the aforementioned intermediate layer 4. The sheaths 18 extend in the direction of the length of the insulating element 1. The sheaths 18 have, in the present example, a rectangular section, a side 19 being formed by the rear side of the base panel 2. The height H2 of the section sheaths 18 is in this case executed smaller than the thickness DI of the intermediate layer 4. In this way, a good accompaniment of the pipes to be mounted in the sheaths 18 is provided. In addition, such an embodiment promotes the adhesion of the insulation material itself 3 or the intermediate layer 4.

In general, the ratio between the height H2 of the sheaths 18 and the thickness DI of the intermediate layer 4 is therefore less than 1 and preferably between 0.5 and 0.9.

In general, the height H2 of the sheaths 18 is preferably at least 2 centimeters, for example from 2.5 to 3 centimeters. In the example, the sheaths 18 are filled with air.

In the example, the axes of the sheaths 18 parallel, located next to each other, are separated by a distance W. This distance W is preferably less than 10 centimeters. The insulating element 1 of FIGS. 10 and 11 comprises, as insulation material 3, polyisocyanurate, while the material of the intermediate layer 4 is made of polystyrene, more specifically of polystyrene foam. The sheaths 18 above are formed by milling the aforementioned polystyrene.

It should also be noted that although the examples of the figures reproduce cellular structures filled with air and / or sheaths 18, these cells can also be executed filled, for example by means of an insulating gas, a gel, of a powdery material or a compressible insulation material. According to one particular possibility, sheaths 18 are used which are filled with a portion of band-shaped material which has a cellular structure. In this way, it is possible to obtain embodiments that satisfy the third independent aspect of the invention mentioned in the introduction.

Figure 12 shows an example of an insulation element 1 with the characteristics of the third aspect, in particular, of the invention. In this case, the insulating element 1 has mainly the structure of the insulating element 1 of FIG. 8. Instead of a separate layer with a cellular structure, a portion of strip-shaped material 19 has was applied in the case of Figure 12, being suitable for the passage of pipes, in particular a part of material 19 with a cellular structure 6, more precisely a honeycomb structure whose cells 6 extend uninterruptedly over the entire thickness DI of the material portion 19. The strip-shaped material portion 19 extends in the length direction of the insulation member 1, approximately in the center of the compartment 17 of this insulation element 1, or in the central 20 per cent of the width B1 of the compartment 17.

It goes without saying that for the insulating element 1 of FIG. 12, branching points can be provided in the same way and past pipes as illustrated on the basis of the figure, but in this case, preferably and essentially instead of the strip-like material portions 19 provided. If necessary, it goes without saying that a transverse connection may possibly be created through the insulation material between two parallel strip material portions 19.

It is obvious that the embodiments of Figures 1 to 9, when the intermediate layer 4 would be replaced by an intermediate layer 4 of the type 10 and 11, also form examples of the second independent aspect mentioned in the introduction.

In addition, it is obvious that one or more portions of web material 19, such as those illustrated in FIG. 12, can also be used instead of the intermediate layers 4, from the insulating elements of FIGS. 1 to 11.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described as examples and reproduced in the figures, said insulation element can be made in different ways without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (18)

Claims. 1. - Insulation element for which this insulation element (1) comprises at least one base panel (2) and an insulation material (3), characterized in that the insulation element (1) comprises one or more strip-shaped material portions (19) adapted for passage of pipes. An insulation member according to claim 1, characterized in that the aforementioned strip-like material portions (19) are applied to the inner or rear side (11) of the insulation member (1). against the base panel (2). 3. - Insulating element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the aforementioned web-like material portions (19), seen in cross-section, are surrounded by the aforementioned insulation material (3) and the base panel (2). 4. - Insulating element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the band-shaped portions (19) above have a cellular structure. 5. - Insulating element according to claim 4, characterized in that the cellular structure of the strip-shaped material part (19) is at least coarser than the cellular structure of the aforementioned insulation material (3). 6. - Insulating element according to claim 5, characterized in that the cellular structure of the strip-shaped material part (19) extends uninterruptedly over almost the entire thickness (D1) of the part of material (19) concerned. 7. - Insulating element according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the strip-shaped material part (19) consists essentially of cardboard or polystyrene, in particular at least the cell walls (6). ) are made of cardboard or polystyrene. 8. - Insulating element according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the aforementioned web-shaped material parts (19) have a honeycomb structure or other mesh structure (5) . 9. - Insulating element according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the cells (6) above are free of solid material. 10. - Insulating element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that this insulating member (1) comprises two or more ribs (16) between which the aforementioned insulation material (3) is applied, the one or more of said strip-like material portions (19) being disposed approximately in the center of two adjacent ribs (16) and preferably between each pair of two adjacent ribs (16). 11. - Insulating element, where this insulating element (1) comprises at least one base panel (2) and an insulating material, characterized in that the insulating element (1) between the panel base (2) and the insulating material (3) further comprises an intermediate layer (4), preferably separated, with preformed sheaths (18), wherein the cross section of the preformed sheaths (18) has at least one side which is formed by a material different from the overall material of the intermediate layer (4). 12. - Insulating element, for which this insulating element (1) comprises at least one base panel (2) and an insulating material (3), characterized in that the insulation element (1) ) between the base panel (2) and the insulating material (3) also comprises an intermediate layer (4), preferably separated, with a cellular structure. 13. - Insulating element, for which said insulating element (1) comprises at least one base panel (2) and an insulating material (3), characterized in that the insulation element (1) ) comprises, between the base panel (2) and the insulating material (3), an intermediate layer (4) with a cellular structure (5), said intermediate layer (4) being executed in one piece with the insulation material (3), said insulation material (3) being made of hard foam and this hard foam is made against the base panel (2) with a coarser cellular structure than the rest of the insulation material ( 3), for which, preferably, the cellular structure of the intermediate layer (4) is performed with a cell diameter which is on average ten or one hundred times larger than the average cell diameter of the insulation material (3) well said. 14, - Insulation element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the aforesaid base panel (2) forms a visible side (9) of the insulating member (1). 15, - insulating element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the aforesaid base panel (2) comprises a plasterboard panel, a plasterboard or cement board or a particle board. 16, - insulating element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the aforementioned insulation material (3) comprises an insulation polyurethane (PU), polyisocyanurate (PIR), polystyrene or expanded phenol or extradited. 17, - insulation element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the aforesaid insulation material comprises an insulation material (15) in the form of mattress, preferably mineral wool. 18, - Insulation element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulating member (1) relates to a self-supporting insulation element.