FR3041598A1 - CLUTCH CLAMPING FLYWHEEL ENGINE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention aims to allow the screwing of flywheels corresponding to different types of gearbox on the same engine with the same anti-rotation tool. To do this, the invention provides to integrate on this anti-rotation tool clamping interfaces specific to each flywheel. A clamping bell according to the invention comprises an anti-rotation guide (3) in coaxial connection with a pressure plate (1). The anti-rotation guide (3) comprises a central bore (32) adapted to allow the passage of at least one driving pin of the flywheel and the pressure plate (1) has interfaces (14U) for locking in rotation of flywheel, formed in orifices and recesses. The pressure plate (1) is elastically mounted on the anti-rotation guide (3), this guide (3) being equipped with at least two centering pins (33) passing through the orifices and which can also serve as locking interfaces in rotation.

Description

CLOCHE BRIDE FLYWHEEL

The present invention relates to a clamping method for screwing different flywheels - corresponding to different gearboxes -on the crankshaft of a given engine, and a pressure plate and a clamping bell for implement this method.

A flywheel is mounted on the crankshaft of a motor vehicle engine to come in connection with a power transmission system generated by the engine, while absorbing vibration and noise caused by the crankshaft. The power of the engine is then multiplied by gearbox gear reduction ratios - which define the drive torques - before being transmitted to the drive wheels.

The transmission system allows to engage / disengage the coupling between the engine and the drive wheels when stopping the vehicle and when shifting. It consists of a disc clutch in manual gearboxes called BVM, or a hydraulic torque converter in automatic gearboxes called BVA. There are also BVR robotised gearboxes with single or double disk clutch, operating in automatic or sequential mode, and controlled by an electronic processing unit. Each flywheel is specific to the gearbox used, a BVA, BVM or BVR gearbox, but also differs between BVA, BVM and BVR gearboxes.

During assembly, it is essential that the flywheel is screwed accurately on the crankshaft to balance its mass around the crankshaft. For this purpose, a clamping bell is generally coupled to the steering wheel to lock it in rotation. This clamping also makes it possible to prevent the breaking of the screwing pins. The clamping bell usually has a pressure plate which is secured to the flywheel by clamping and locking interfaces in rotation adapted to the surface conformation of the flywheel.

In currently implemented solutions, a pressure plate is dedicated to each flywheel and, each launch of a gearbox, a specific pressure plate is made for clamping and locking in rotation of the corresponding new flywheel to this gearbox.

In the solution recommended by CN 203471301 a locking mechanism of a crankshaft pulley - which could be a flywheel - has a locking system in rotation. However, this system blocks in rotation the crankshaft and not the pulley at one of its ends, the pulley being screwed at the other end to the other end of the crankshaft without locking.

Furthermore, the patent document FR 2 845 154 discloses a device for installing and screwing a fastener forming a retaining collar of circular or rectangular shape and a retention mechanism of this collar provided with a platinum. The plate is provided with gripping means of the collar comprising pairs of tongues elastically deformable and adapted to the collar shapes. In this solution, which relates to the field of the screwing of an insulating and / or sealing coating, the gripping tabs do not form antireaction screwing. In addition, the tongues are adapted to the shape of the collars and not, for a given form, the peculiarities of surface structure.

In patent document WO 200439535, a tool makes it possible to prevent rotation of the crankshaft while a mechanic squeezes a bolt of the front pulley. The locking tool is in the form of a steel disc which pins come into the holes provided on the face of the disc. A pin of the pulley crosses the central hole of the tool while a key is inserted into an insert formed in the tool for the mechanic exerts a back pressure. In this solution, the tool is housed in foundry voids of the pulley, which defines only one type of interface between the pulley and the tool.

The invention aims to allow the screwing of flywheels corresponding to different types of gearbox on the same engine with the same anti-rotation tool. To do this, the invention provides to integrate on this antirotation tool clamping interfaces specific to each flywheel.

As such, the present invention relates to a method of clamping any of the flywheels selected from at least two flywheels associated with different gearboxes for its screwing on the crankshaft of an engine of a motor vehicle. The method carries out on the same pressure plate at least two sets of locking interfaces, each being specific to at least one configuration complementary to at least one of said flywheels, to position the flywheel to be screwed on the crankshaft by a precluding, positioning and pressing the pressure plate against the flywheel so that said complementary configuration of this flywheel is coupled to the pressure plate interface specific to this configuration, and guide the screwing of the flywheel on the crankshaft so that the pressure plate acts anti-rotation on said flywheel to which it is coupled.

When an interface allows the coupling of only one type of flywheel configuration, it is said to be simple and when it allows the coupling of at least two types of flywheel configurations, it is said to be multiple .

According to advantageous embodiments: - each series of specific blocking interfaces consists of at least two locations radially evenly distributed along a circular ring of the pressure plate according to the location of the complementary configurations of the corresponding flywheel; each interface location of the pressure plate consists of at least a partial shrinkage of material in its thickness and / or an advance that can pass through the pressure plate and penetrate a complementary configuration of a flywheel by a corresponding translation retraction of the plate presser; - The complementary flywheel configurations consist of local cuts of material and / or material protuberances radially distributed in a regular manner; a wear material is inserted between partial material withdrawals from a series of pressure plate interfaces and the protuberances of the corresponding complementary configuration of the flywheel to be screwed.

The invention also relates to a pressure plate for implementing the method defined above. Such a circular shaped pressure plate comprises at least two sets of material withdrawal forming interfaces between the pressure plate and at least two flywheels associated with different gearboxes, namely at least one series of at least two through holes, radially regularly distributed in the pressure plate, and / or at least a series of at least two blind recesses, also radially distributed evenly in the pressure plate, each interface being adapted to achieve a rotational locking of said flywheels between , respectively, an advance through the orifice and a flywheel cutout facing, and between an orifice wall and / or a housing obviously and a flywheel protrusion opposite. The protuberances are in particular formed by rivets.

According to advantageous embodiments: at least one series of blind recesses is formed of cutouts on a ring at the peripheral edge of the pressure plate and in each of which a wear pad serving as an interface is inserted; each wear pad is arranged between two adjustment pieces fixed in the recess, said pieces having a height greater than that of the wear pad without its height increased by that of the recess, does not exceed the thickness of the pressure plate, and a width adapted to the fitted insertion of the wear pad between these pads, this arrangement to reassort used wear pads; the number of identical interfaces preferably being equal to three in the same series of orifices or recesses, in order to achieve a compromise between the securing of the blockages made and the space available on the pressure plate, in particular on its Peripheral crown.

The invention also relates to a clamping bell comprising an anti-rotation guide in coaxial connection with the pressure plate defined above. In this bell, the anti-rotation guide comprises a central bore adapted to allow the passage of at least one screwing pin of the flywheel on the crankshaft of a motor vehicle engine, the flywheel being blocked in rotation by the plate presser.

According to a preferred embodiment, the pressure plate is mounted on the anti-rotation guide by elastic means, this guide being equipped with at least two centering pins passing through the orifices of the pressure plate to serve as interfaces. locking in rotation of a flywheel by coupling said pins with cavities of the flywheel localized opposite said orifices. Advantageously, the elastic mounting of the pressure plate can be achieved by helical springs, blades or pads of elastomeric material.

Other advantages and features of the invention may appear with the detailed description which follows, relating to an exemplary non-limiting embodiment with reference to the appended figures which represent, respectively: - Figure 1, a perspective view of an example of a clamping bell presser according to the invention; - Figure 2 is a perspective view of an example of a flywheel automatic gearbox to clamp in rotation before screwing on a crankshaft of a motor vehicle engine; - Figure 3, a perspective view of an exemplary clamping bell according to the invention comprising the pressure plate of Figure 1 coupled to an anti-rotation guide; - Figure 4, a sectional view in a plane of the flywheel pressing plate after coupling of the flywheel of Figure 2 and the pressure plate of Figure 1; and - Figure 5, a side view of the exemplary clamping bell coupled to the flywheel of Figure 2 and another flywheel ready to couple with the same bell.

In the figures, identical reference signs refer to the same element and the passage that describes it.

Referring to the perspective view of Figure 1, a pressure plate 1 is in the form of a metal disc provided with a central circular opening 11. The coupling face 1F of the pressure plate 1 is provided, in a peripheral ring 1C, of three series of holes 12a to 12c, 13a to 13c and 14a to 14c, namely: two series of three through holes, 12a to 12c and 13a to 13c, and a series of three blind recesses 14a to 14c.

The orifices 13a to 13c and 14a to 14c are radially evenly distributed on the ring 1C and form interfaces intended to be adjusted to complementary configurations of different flywheels associated with different gearboxes. In addition, a rectangular through slot 15 is cut in the edge 1B to serve as a reference for the positioning of flywheels, such as the flywheel 2 shown in the perspective view of Figure 2.

More specifically, each series of holes 12 to 12c, 13a to 13c and 14a to 14c have identical structures, namely: the orifices 12a to 12c are of cylindrical shape with a hole 120 of stepped diameter relative to that orifices, the hole 120 being formed in a bottom wall 1P of the plate 1 opposite the coupling face 1F; - The orifices 13a to 13c have a rectangular shape, with a hole 130 formed in the bottom wall 1 P, the rectangular shape opening on the peripheral edge 1B by channels 131 and extending on the side radially opposite the edge 1 B, by a cylindrical through portion 132, and - the blind recesses 14a to 14c have a substantially rectangular shape and are cut in the thickness of the pressure plate 1 with an opening on the peripheral edge 1B and two holes 141, 142, formed in the bottom wall 1 P.

Each series of interfaces 13a to 13c and 14a to 14c is intended to couple with at least one series of complementary configurations flywheels corresponding to different gearboxes that can be mounted on the same engine. Thus, the orifices 13a to 13c are intended to serve as multiple interfaces by coupling, on the one hand, flywheels having protuberances that are housed against a radial side 13R interfacing these orifices 13a to 13c and, d on the other hand, with flywheels having recesses forming cavities into which penetrate, as interfaces, centering pins 33 passing through these orifices (see Figures 3 and 4). The recesses 14a to 14c are simple interfaces for a single type of flywheel configuration, namely rivets positioned opposite.

In the example of the flywheel 2 (Figure 2), the complementary configurations are three of the six rivets 21 radially distributed evenly around the flywheel 2 and intended to couple with the recesses 14a to 14c (see hereinafter the coupling formed between the flywheel 2 and the pressure plate 1 with reference to Figure 4).

In addition, the central opening 11 of the pressure plate 1 allows the passage of the automatic screwing pin or pins (not shown) of the flywheel 2 (Figure 2) on the crankshaft of the engine (not shown). Each of the six screws passes through each of the six through-holes 22 illustrated in FIG. 2. These holes 22 are radially evenly distributed in a central ring 23 of the flywheel 2.

The pressure plate 1 cooperates with an anti-rotation guide 3 - via links 31 passing through the orifices 12a to 12c - to form a clamping bell 10 such as that illustrated by the perspective view of FIG. 3. The guide antirotation has a central bore 32 aligned co-axially with the central opening 11 of the pressure plate 1 to allow the passage of the screw or pins.

In this figure, each recess 14a to 14c of the pressure plate 1 is equipped with two adjustment pieces 14P fixed to the pressure plate 1 by bolts 14B through the holes 141 and 142 (see Figure 1). The pieces 14P are arranged against the radial walls 14R of the recesses 14a to 14c and have a height such that they are flush with the level of the coupling face 1F of the pressing plate 1.

The adjustment pieces 14P also have a determined width so that a central space 14E is cleared in each recess 14a to 14c to insert a wear pad 14U. This wear pad 14U has a determined height so as to make a tight contact with the rivet 21 of the flywheel 2 (see Figure 2) which is intended to come into coupling with the corresponding recess 14a to 14c, and more precisely with the wear pad 14U of this recess. The use of 14U wear pads advantageously makes it possible to reassort these pads once used and thus to keep the tight contact between the pads 14U and the rivets 21.

In this Figure 3, also appear the ends of centering pins 33 from the anti-rotation guide 3 and passing through the cylindrical portions 132 of the orifices 13a to 13c of the pressure plate 1. These centering pins 33 are interfaces for to come in tight coupling with complementary configurations of other flywheels than the flywheel 2.

The coupling between the flywheel 2 (Figure 2) and the pressure plate 1 is illustrated by the sectional view of Figure 4 in the plane of the pressure plate 1 passing through its bottom wall 1F (see Figure 1) . It appears that the central ring 23 of the flywheel 2 is fitted in the central opening 11 of the pressure plate 1.

Rivets 21 of the flywheel 2 come into close contact against the wear pads 14U recess interfaces 14a to 14c of the pressure plate 1, and more precisely in the housing limited by the pads 14U and parts of 14P adjustment. The other rivets 21 are housed in the channels 131 of the orifices 13a to 13c interfaces. The channels 131 are oversized for the rivets 21 and is intended to serve as a tight coupling interface for another type of flywheel. In these interfaces 13a to 13c, are also housed the centering pins 33 serving as interfaces with cavities of another type of flywheel.

Furthermore, the connections 31 between the anti-rotation guide 3 and the pressure plate 1 emerge more precisely from the side view of Figure 5. This view illustrates the clamping bell 10 coupled to the flywheel 2 and ready to be coupled to another flywheel 20. The links 31 are formed of rods 311 mounted on helical springs 312 compressed in cylinders 34. These cylinders 34 are arranged in housings 30 formed in the anti-rotation guide 3.

The rotational locking function also called "anti-rotation" is exerted by the pressure plate 1 in connection with the anti-rotation guide 3. To do this, the flywheel 2 is positioned on the crankshaft by a pre-rotation. partial screwing by means of the screwing pin or pins through the holes 22 (see FIG. 2) of the flywheel 2. The motor plate 1 is then positioned by the notch 15 (see FIG. against the flywheel 2 so that the rivets 21 (see Figure 4) of the flywheel 2 come into the coupling housing formed by the interfaces 13a to 13c and the recesses 14a to 14c of the pressure plate 1 (see Figure 1) . Then screwing the flywheel 2 on the crankshaft is completed with guiding the screw or pins through the holes 22 via the anti-rotation guide 3, so that the pressure plate 1 can act anti-rotation on said flywheel 2 when the complete screwing is done. In this way, the pin or pins remain coaxial and are not likely to break. In addition, the torque tightening is ensured to the maximum.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown. It is thus possible to provide more than two series of interfaces, simple by coupling with a single type of flywheel or multiples by coupling with at least two types of flywheels.

Moreover, the number of orifices or recesses of the same series may be two or may be greater than three.

In addition, interfaces may be located outside the peripheral ring of the flywheel.

In addition, the protuberances of the flywheels are constituted by any type of boss: terminals, studs, pins or equivalents. The wear pads are made of a metal material less hard than the metal or the metal alloy of the flywheel, for example of the type used for plain bearings.

The invention applies to any type of motor vehicle using a gearbox and associated flywheel: cars, tractors, locomotives, etc.

Claims (10)

1. A method of clamping any one of the flywheels selected from at least two flywheels (2; 20) associated with different gearboxes for its screwing on the crankshaft of a motor vehicle engine, characterized in that that at least two series of blocking interfaces (13a to 13c, 14a to 14c, 33) are produced on the same pressure plate (1), each being specific to at least one complementary configuration (21) of at least l one (2) of said flywheels (2; 20), in that the flywheel (2) to be screwed on the crankshaft by a pre-screwing, in that position and in that plate the pressure plate (1) against the flywheel (2) so that said complementary configuration (21) of this flywheel (2) is coupled to the interface (14a to 14c) of the pressure plate (1) specific to this configuration (21), and in that the screwing of the flywheel (2) on the crankshaft is pressure plate (1) acts in anti-rotation on said flywheel (1) to which it is coupled. 2. The method of clamping according to claim 1, wherein each series of specific blocking interfaces (13a to 13c; 14a to 14c; 33) consists of at least two locations radially evenly distributed along a crown. circular (1C) of the pressure plate (1) according to the location of complementary configurations (21) of the corresponding flywheel (2, 20). 3. The method of clamping according to the preceding claim, wherein each interface location (13a to 13c; 14a to 14c; 33) of the pressure plate (1) consists of an at least partial withdrawal of material in its thickness and / or an advance (33) that can pass through the pressure plate (1) and penetrate a complementary configuration of a flywheel by a receding translation translation of the pressure plate (1). 4. A method of clamping according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the complementary flywheel configurations (2; 20) consist of local cuts of material and / or material protrusions (21) radially distributed in a regular manner. 5. Clamping method according to any one of the preceding claims, in that a wear material (14U) is inserted between partial material withdrawals from a series of interfaces (14a to 14c) of the pressure plate (1). and the protuberances (21) of the corresponding complementary configuration of the flywheel (2) to be screwed. 6. Pressure plate (1) for implementing the clamping method according to any one of the preceding claims, having a circular shape, characterized in that it comprises at least two sets of material withdrawal (13a to 13c; 14a-14c) melting interfaces (13R, 33; 14U) between the pressure plate (1) and at least two flywheels (2; 20) associated with different gearboxes, namely at least one series of at least two through orifices (13a to 13c), radially evenly distributed in the pressure plate (1), and / or at least one series of at least two blind recesses (14a to 14c), also radially distributed evenly in the plate presser (1), each interface (13R, 33; 14U) being adapted to perform a locking in rotation of said flywheels (2; 20) by tight coupling between, respectively, an advance (33) passing through the orifice (13A to 13c ) and a flywheel cavity facing, and between an orifice wall (13R) and / or a recess housing (14U) (14a to 14c) and a protrusion (21) of the flywheel (2) facing each other. 7. Pressing plate (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein at least one series of blind recesses (14a to 14c) is formed of cuts made on a ring (1C) peripheral edge (1B) of the pressure plate (1). and in each of which a wear pad (14U) serving as an interface is inserted. 8. Pressure plate (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein each wear pad (14U) is arranged between two adjustment pieces (14P) fixed in the recess (14a to 14c), said pieces (14P) having a height greater than that of the wear pad (14U) without its height increased from that of the recess (14a to 14c) ns exceeds the thickness of the pressure plate (1), and a width adapted to the adjusted insertion of the wear pad (14U) between these pads (14P). Clamping bell (10) comprising an anti-rotation guide (3) in coaxial connection with the pressure plate (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the anti-rotation guide (3) has a central bore (32) adapted to allow the passage of at least one screwing pin flywheel (2) on the crankshaft of a motor vehicle engine, the flywheel (2) being blocked in rotation by the plate presser (1). 10. Clamping bell (10) according to the preceding claim, wherein the pressure plate (1) is mounted on the anti-rotation guide (3) by elastic means (312), this guide (3) being equipped with minus two centering pins (33) passing through the orifices (13a to 13c) of the pressure plate (1) to serve as rotational locking interfaces of a flywheel (2) by coupling said pins (33) with cavities of this flywheel (2) located opposite said orifices (13a to 13c).