FR3037383B1 - DISENGINE DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a smoke evacuation device (10), intended to equip a building and comprising: a curb (20) delimiting a smoke evacuation channel (24) (F) through a ceiling (4) of the building, minus one movable opening member relative to the curb (20), and an actuator system configured to move the opening member between a closed position and an open position. The smoke extraction device (10) is characterized in that it also comprises baffle members (60) positioned at the ceiling (4) on at least two opposite inner edges (22) of the curb (20), each of the members deflectors (60) having an inflection zone (67), a front portion (68) disposed in the extension of the curb (20) for guiding the smoke (F) from the inflection zone (67) to the inflow channel (67) discharge (24), and a rear portion (69) set back from the inflection zone (67).

Description

DISENGINE DEVICE

The present invention relates to a smoke extraction device for equipping a building, in particular the roof of this building. The field of the invention is that of openings designed for the evacuation of fumes out of buildings.

In this field, it is known various smoke-free devices such as skylights, vault or canopy. In addition to the evacuation of fumes, these devices are generally provided for aeration and zenith illumination of buildings.

FR 2 887 572 describes an example of a natural smoke extraction device, comprising a curb, a pivoting opening and a wind-damper. This device works by natural draft through the evacuation channel delimited by the curb. In other words, this device is devoid of turret or box subject to a fan for extracting air through the evacuation channel. The opening is movable between a closed position in which the evacuation channel is closed, and an open position in which the smoke is discharged through the evacuation channel.

FR 2 963 036 describes an example of a mechanical smoke extraction device, comprising a curb, a support frame covering the curb, and a mechanical extraction turret supported by the frame. The turret is equipped with a fan configured for horizontal or vertical discharge of the smoke. The device is also equipped with control means for opening the frame in case of malfunction of the mechanical turret, in particular the fan.

In practice, the efficiency of a smoke extraction device depends in particular on its aeraulic coefficient (Cv). This coefficient between 0 and 1 takes into account the obstacles on the path of the air evacuated through the device, such as the control members, slats, sleepers, as well as the effect of side winds. This coefficient corresponds to the ratio between the actual flow rate and the theoretical flow rate of the device. This coefficient can be defined by the formula Cv = SUE / SGO, with SUE the effective discharge area and SGO the geometric opening surface. Generally, the aeraulic coefficient of the known devices is less than or equal to 0.69.

The object of the present invention is to provide an improved smoke evacuation device.

For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a smoke extraction device, intended to equip a building and comprising: a curb delimiting a smoke evacuation channel through a ceiling of the building, at least one movable opening element relative to the curb, and an actuator system configured to move the opening member between a closed position and an open position. The smoke extraction device is characterized in that it also comprises baffle members positioned at the ceiling on at least two opposite internal edges of the curb. Each of the deflector members comprises a zone of inflection, a front portion disposed in the extension of the curb to guide the smoke from the inflection zone to the evacuation channel, and a rear portion set back from the zone of inflection.

Thus, the invention makes it possible to improve the aeraulic coefficient of the smoke extraction device. More precisely, according to the configuration of the device, the invention makes it possible to obtain an aeraulic coefficient of between 0.7 and 0.85. The baffle members increase the efficiency with which the device can extract air, particularly smoke, out of the building. These baffle members are simple and practical to install in the building, at the ceiling, on the inner edges of the curb.

According to other advantageous features of the invention, taken separately or in combination:

- The baffles are flexible.

- The deflector bodies are in canvas.

- The inner edges have baffle members on all four sides of the curb.

- The inner edges have deflector members in the four corners of the curb.

The curb has a first wall of rectangular section and a second wall of frustoconical section delimiting the evacuation channel.

Each of the baffles has a front end attached to the curb and a rear end attached to the ceiling of the building.

Each of the baffles comprises an intermediate portion including the inflection zone, the front portion and the rear portion, this intermediate portion having a convex or triangular shape.

- The intermediate portion has a symmetrical shape, including a U-shape or V.

At least some of the deflectors are provided with a mass disposed in the hollow of the inflection zone.

The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of nonlimiting example and with reference to the appended drawings in which:

- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a smoke extraction device according to the invention, installed on the roof of a building;

- Figure 2 is a partial perspective view of the smoke extraction device, showing only a curb and baffle members;

- Figure 3 is a top view along the arrow III in Figure 2;

- Figure 4 is a section along the line IV-IV in Figure 3;

- Figure 5 is a perspective view on a larger scale of a corner of the smoke extraction device;

- Figure 6 is a perspective view similar to Figure 5, showing the corner at a different angle;

- Figures 7 to 9 are sections similar to Figure 4, showing alternative embodiments of the smoke extraction device; and

- Figures 10 to 12 are views similar to Figure 3, showing other embodiments of the smoke extraction device.

FIGS. 1 to 6 show a smoke extraction device 10 according to the invention installed on the roof 2 of a building 1. The device 10 is positioned in a through opening 3, which opens at the level of the roof 2 to the exterior of the building 1 and at the level of a ceiling 4 inside the building 1. The device 10 is designed for the evacuation of smoke F outside the building 1, as well as ventilation and zenith illumination of the building 1.

The device 10 comprises a curb 20 disposed in the opening 3, two openings 30 pivotally mounted relative to the curb 20, two actuators 40 provided to rotate the openings 30, and two cross members 48 and 50 intersecting at the center of the curb 20. A central axis A20 is defined, perpendicular to the plane of the roof 2, in the center of the curb 20.

In the example of Figures 1 to 6, the device 10 has a rectangular profile, with two longitudinal sides 11, two transverse sides 12 and four corners 13. Alternatively, the device 10 may have another profile, including square.

The constituent elements of the device 10 are described in more detail below, by way of non-limiting embodiment.

The curb 20 is presented as a parallelepiped frame, installed in a sealed manner in the opening 3 provided for this purpose in the roof 2, through the ceiling 4. The curb 20 has different edges 21, 22 and 23 positioned in the building 1 , namely two longitudinal edges 21 on the sides 11, two transverse edges 22 on the sides 12, and four corner edges 23 in the corners 13. The edges 21,22 and 23 are two to two opposite to the central axis A20. The curb 20 delimits an evacuation channel 24 allowing the air, and in particular the smoke F, to flow between the inside and the outside of the building 1. The evacuation of smoke F through the channel 24 is represented schematically by a arrow in figures 2 and 4.

The curb 20 comprises several walls 25, 26 and 27 integral, which extend around the periphery of the channel 24, all around the axis A20. On each side of the curb 20, in a half-section plane including the axis A20, the wall 25 is parallel to the axis A20, the wall 26 is inclined relative to the axis A20, while the wall 27 is perpendicular to the axis A20. The walls 25 and 26 are positioned in the opening 3. The wall 27 has a flat flange shape and is positioned in the building 1. In a sectional plane including the axis A20, the wall 25 defines a rectangular section, while that the wall 26 defines a frustoconical section.

Each leaf 30 includes a frame 32, panels 34 and hinges 36. The frame 32 is generally made of metal or plastic, while the panels 34 are generally made of glass or plastic. The frame 32 is hinged along a longitudinal side 11 by the hinges 36. The frame 32 comprises a central bar 38 supporting a first articulated end of one of the actuators 40. In the closed position, the openings 30 are pressed against the curb 20, with the cross member 50 positioned between them, so that the channel 24 is closed. In the open position, the openings 30 are raised relative to the curb 20, so that the channel 24 is clear, as shown in Figure 1.

The actuators 40 control the opening and closing of the openings 30 to selectively release or close the discharge channel 24. The actuators 40 can be controlled automatically or manually. Preferably, the actuators 40 are automatically controlled to the open position of the opening 30 in case of smoke detection in the building 1. Also preferably, the actuators 40 may be hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders. In the example of Figure 1, each actuator 40 comprises a rod articulated on the bar 38 and a body articulated on the crosspiece 48. When the rod exits the body, the actuator 40 moves the sash 30 from the closed position in the open position, and vice versa when the rod enters the body.

The cross member 48 is a support bar which extends in the transverse direction of the device 10, between the two sides 11. The cross member 48 supports the second articulated end of each actuator 40, near each of the sides 11.

The cross member 50 is a gutter which extends in the longitudinal direction of the device 10, between the two sides 12. The cross member 50 has a concave shape of the upper side, for the flow of water over the sides 12 of the curb 20.

In the context of the invention, the device 10 also comprises deflector members 60, the shape and arrangement of which guide the smoke F present in the building 1 to the discharge channel 24, and thus to the outside of the building 1. The baffles 60 are disposed on the inner edges 21, 22 and 23 of the curb 20, that is to say inside the building 1. More precisely, the two edges 21 are equipped with longitudinal baffles 61 two to two opposite, the two edges 22 are equipped with transverse deflectors 62 two by two opposite, and the four edges 23 are equipped with deflectors 63 two by two opposite.

As shown in particular in Figure 4, the deflectors 60 have particular shapes for effectively guiding the smoke F. This example is made with reference to the deflector 62, but is also applicable to the deflectors 61 and 63. The front orientation corresponds to the direction of the channel 24, while the rear orientation corresponds to an opposite direction of the channel 24.

Each baffle 60 comprises a front end 64 fixed to the wall 26 and a rear end 65 fixed to the ceiling 4, inside the building 1. The ends 64 may be fixed by any suitable means, for example by gluing, nailing or stapling .

Also, each deflector 60 comprises an intermediate portion 66 which extends between the ends 64 and 65. The intermediate portion 66 has a U-shape. More specifically, the portion 66 has a concave or hollow shape oriented towards the ceiling 4, and therefore a convex or curved shape oriented towards the ground, not shown. Between the ends 64 and 65, the portion 66 of the deflector 60 defines a closed profile.

The portion 66 has a median inflection zone 67 lowered from the ceiling 4. The zone 67 supports a mass 70 disposed in the concavity of the deflector

60, the side of the ceiling 4. The portion 66 comprises a front strand 68 connecting the front end 64 and the zone 67, in the extension of the wall 26. The portion 66 comprises a rear section 69 connecting the rear end 65 and the zone 67, on the opposite side to the strand 68, set back from the zone 67. The strands 68 and 69 are generally symmetrical with respect to a median plane passing through the zone 67.

In the non-limiting example of FIGS. 2 to 6, each mass 70 is a hollow metal bar, of square section, elongated along one of the edges 21 or 22. The deflectors 63 partially receive the masses 70 fitted to the deflectors 61 and 62. The masses 70 are provided to tension the deflectors 60 and to give them the desired shape, all around the channel 24.

Alternatively, the mass 70 may have another shape (for example cylindrical), another material (for example plastic) and / or consist of several separate parts. According to another alternative, only some of the deflectors 61, 62 and 63 can receive a mass 70, sufficient to tension the set of deflectors 60.

In practice, each baffle 60 makes it possible to guide the smoke F towards the evacuation channel 24, thus improving the aeraulic coefficient of the device 10. More specifically, the smoke F is guided along the strand 68, then the wall 26, then from the wall 25, to the outside of the building 1. The presence of the strand 69 makes it possible to ensure that the smoke F does not remain stuck in the hollow of the deflector 60. The shape of the wall 26 also improves the coefficient aeraulic device 10, in addition to the deflectors 60.

Preferably, the deflectors 60 are flexible. In particular, the deflectors 60 may be canvas, synthetic or natural. Alternatively, the baffles 60 may be rigid. The deflectors 60 may be made of any material suitable for the intended applications. To effectively guide the smoke, the baffles 60 are designed with particular shapes, as detailed above.

Also preferably, the baffles 60 form a one-piece assembly. For example, seams 633 are made at the corner edges 13 between two parts 631 and 632 of the baffles 61 and 62, thus forming the baffles 63. Alternatively, the baffles 60 may be assembled to each other by gluing, stapling, thermo-welding or any other suitable means.

More preferably, the baffles 60 are secured to the curb 20, during transport, delivery and installation of the device 10 on the building 1. Thus, the manipulations of the device 10 are simplified. Alternatively, the deflectors 60 can be delivered separately from the curb 20, and mounted on the edges 21, 22 and 23 only during the installation of the device 10.

Other embodiments of a device 10 according to the invention, equipped with deflectors 60, are shown in FIGS. 7 to 12. Certain constituent elements of the device 10 are comparable to those of the first embodiment described above and, for the sake of simplification, carry the same numerical references.

Figure 7 shows a curb 20 comprising a wall 25 and a wall 27, without wall 26 formed between them. The end 64 of the deflector 60 is fixed to the wall 25, so that the strand 68 is in the extension of this wall 25. Alternatively, the deflector 60 can be fixed to the wall 27.

FIG. 8 shows a deflector 60 having an intermediate portion 66 in the form of an isosceles triangle, that is to say a V shape. The strands 68 and 69 are tighter than in the first embodiment, for example by arranging them a mass 70 heavier at the inflection zone 67.

FIG. 9 shows a deflector 60 without a mass 70. The strands 68 and 69 are less taut than in the first embodiment, but the intermediate portion 66 nevertheless has a U-shape, with a median inflection zone 67.

FIG. 10 shows a device 10 comprising deflectors 61 and 62, but devoid of deflectors 63. Compared with the first embodiment, the aeraulic coefficient of the device 10 is slightly less good, but the set of deflectors 61 and 62 is easier to make and less expensive.

FIG. 11 shows a device 10 comprising deflectors 61, but without deflectors 62 and 63, while FIG. 12 shows a device 10 comprising deflectors 62, but without deflectors 61 and 63.

Furthermore, the device 10 may be shaped differently from Figures 1 to 12 without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the curb 20, the openings 30, the actuators 40 and the deflectors 60 may be of any type suitable for the intended applications.

In variant not shown, the wall 2 of the building 1 can be inclined or vaulted.

According to another variant not shown, the device 10 may comprise a single opening 30, or more than two openings 30.

According to another variant not shown, the device 10 may be devoid of transom 48 and / or cross member 50.

According to another variant not shown, the curb 20 may be rounded in the corners 13. In this case, the manufacture of the device 10 is more complex, but its aeraulic coefficient is further improved.

According to another variant not shown, the curb 20 can be equipped with external baffles, for example metal panels mounted on the sides 12.

According to another variant not shown, the front end 64 can be fixed to the ceiling 4 (for example when the wall 27 is shortened) and / or the rear end 65 can be fixed to the curb 20 (for example when the wall 27 is prolonged).

According to another variant not shown, the deflector 60 has an asymmetrical shape and the inflection zone 67 is not located in a median plane.

Whatever the embodiment, the device 10 comprises deflector members 60 positioned at the ceiling 4 on at least two inner edges 21, 22 and / or 23 opposite the curb 20. Each of the deflector members 60 has a zone d inflection 67, a front portion 68 arranged in the extension of the curb 20 to guide the smoke F from the zone 67 to the discharge channel 24, and a rear portion 69 set back from the zone 67.

In addition, the technical characteristics of the various embodiments and variants mentioned above may be, in whole or in part, combined with one another. Thus, the device 10 can be adapted in terms of cost, functionality and performance.

Claims (8)

9 CLAIMS Smoke evacuation device (10), intended to equip a building (1) and comprising: - a curb (20) defining a smoke evacuation channel (24) (F) through a ceiling (4) of the building (1), at least one opening element (30) movable relative to the curb (20), and an actuator system (40) configured to move the opening member (30) between a closed position and an open position; the smoke extraction device (10) being characterized in that it also comprises deflector members (60) positioned at the ceiling (4) on at least two opposite inner edges (21, 22, 23) of the curb (20) , each of the deflector members (60) having an inflection zone (67), a front portion (68) disposed in the extension of the curb (20) for guiding the smoke (F) of the inflection zone (67) to the discharge channel (24), and a rear portion (69) set back from the inflection zone (67), said deflector members (60) are flexible, each of the deflectors (60) having a forward end ( 64) fixed to the curb (20) and a rear end (65) fixed to the ceiling of the building (1). 2. Smoke evacuation device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the deflector members (60) are fabric. Smoke extraction device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner edges (21, 22) comprise baffle members (60) on the four sides (11, 12) of the curb (20). . 4. Smoke extraction device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner edges (23) comprise baffle members (60) in the four corners (13) of the curb (20). 5. Smoke evacuation device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the curb (20) comprises a first wall (25) of rectangular section and a second wall (26) of frustoconical section delimiting the channel of evacuation (24). 6. Smoke extraction device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the deflectors (60) comprises an intermediate portion (66) including the inflection zone (67), the front portion (68) and the rear part (69), this intermediate portion (66) having a curved shape or 5 triangular. 7. Smoke extraction device (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the intermediate portion (66) has a symmetrical shape, including a U-shape or V. 8. Smoke extraction device (10) according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that at least some of the baffles (60) are provided with a mass (70) disposed in the hollow of the inflection zone ( 67).