FR3016734B1 - Film souple photovoltaique a haut rendement, procede d'obtention et utilisation - Google Patents

Film souple photovoltaique a haut rendement, procede d'obtention et utilisation

Info

Publication number
FR3016734B1
FR3016734B1 FR1400114A FR1400114A FR3016734B1 FR 3016734 B1 FR3016734 B1 FR 3016734B1 FR 1400114 A FR1400114 A FR 1400114A FR 1400114 A FR1400114 A FR 1400114A FR 3016734 B1 FR3016734 B1 FR 3016734B1
Authority
FR
France
Prior art keywords
obtaining
flexible film
performance photovoltaic
photovoltaic flexible
performance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
FR1400114A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
FR3016734A1 (fr
Inventor
Alain Janet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SOLAR CLOTH SYSTEMS, FR
Original Assignee
Alain Janet
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alain Janet filed Critical Alain Janet
Priority to FR1400114A priority Critical patent/FR3016734B1/fr
Priority to EP15700580.2A priority patent/EP3097591A1/fr
Priority to US15/112,969 priority patent/US20160336467A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2015/050753 priority patent/WO2015110356A1/fr
Publication of FR3016734A1 publication Critical patent/FR3016734A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR3016734B1 publication Critical patent/FR3016734B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0216—Coatings
    • H01L31/02161—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/02167—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • H01L31/02168—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells the coatings being antireflective or having enhancing optical properties for the solar cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
    • H01L31/036—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes
    • H01L31/0392—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates ; characterised by specific substrate materials or substrate features or by the presence of intermediate layers, e.g. barrier layers, on the substrate
    • H01L31/03926—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates ; characterised by specific substrate materials or substrate features or by the presence of intermediate layers, e.g. barrier layers, on the substrate comprising a flexible substrate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0543—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the refractive type, e.g. lenses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
    • H10K30/80—Constructional details
    • H10K30/87—Light-trapping means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
    • H10K30/80—Constructional details
    • H10K30/88—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/12—Photovoltaic modules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
FR1400114A 2014-01-21 2014-01-21 Film souple photovoltaique a haut rendement, procede d'obtention et utilisation Active FR3016734B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1400114A FR3016734B1 (fr) 2014-01-21 2014-01-21 Film souple photovoltaique a haut rendement, procede d'obtention et utilisation
EP15700580.2A EP3097591A1 (fr) 2014-01-21 2015-01-16 Film souple photovoltaique a haut rendement, procede d'obtention et utilisation
US15/112,969 US20160336467A1 (en) 2014-01-21 2015-01-16 High-efficiency flexible photovoltaic film, manufacturing process and use
PCT/EP2015/050753 WO2015110356A1 (fr) 2014-01-21 2015-01-16 Film souple photovoltaique a haut rendement, procede d'obtention et utilisation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1400114A FR3016734B1 (fr) 2014-01-21 2014-01-21 Film souple photovoltaique a haut rendement, procede d'obtention et utilisation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR3016734A1 FR3016734A1 (fr) 2015-07-24
FR3016734B1 true FR3016734B1 (fr) 2017-09-01

Family

ID=50290102

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
FR1400114A Active FR3016734B1 (fr) 2014-01-21 2014-01-21 Film souple photovoltaique a haut rendement, procede d'obtention et utilisation

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20160336467A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3097591A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR3016734B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015110356A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107787220B (zh) 2015-04-13 2021-04-13 罗地亚经营管理公司 用于皮肤清洁的无硫酸盐的配制品
US10483904B2 (en) * 2016-12-01 2019-11-19 Roderick Matthew COSTAIN Integrated solar building product panels
AU2017382848B2 (en) 2016-12-21 2021-04-29 Genesis Systems Llc Atmospheric water generation systems and methods
GB2563828A (en) 2017-06-21 2019-01-02 Soliton Holdings Corp Absorption of electromagnetic energy
FR3081286B1 (fr) * 2018-05-28 2020-07-17 Alain JANET Ecran d'ombrage mobile pour serre agricole
DE102020133068B3 (de) 2020-12-11 2022-05-19 Audi Aktiengesellschaft Textilaufbau mit flexiblen Solarzellen
CN112531055B (zh) * 2020-12-24 2021-11-02 中山德华芯片技术有限公司 一种柔性太阳能电池及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3628854A (en) * 1969-12-08 1971-12-21 Optical Sciences Group Inc Flexible fresnel refracting membrane adhered to ophthalmic lens
US4711972A (en) * 1985-07-05 1987-12-08 Entech, Inc. Photovoltaic cell cover for use with a primary optical concentrator in a solar energy collector
US7824467B2 (en) * 2004-06-30 2010-11-02 Northwestern University Method of making metal nanoprisms having a predetermined thickness
US20070295390A1 (en) * 2006-05-05 2007-12-27 Nanosolar, Inc. Individually encapsulated solar cells and solar cell strings having a substantially inorganic protective layer
WO2007149387A2 (fr) * 2006-06-19 2007-12-27 Northwestern University Photosynthèse de nanoprismes d'argent contrôlée par le ph
US20080053516A1 (en) * 2006-08-30 2008-03-06 Richard Allen Hayes Solar cell modules comprising poly(allyl amine) and poly (vinyl amine)-primed polyester films
US8080727B2 (en) * 2008-11-24 2011-12-20 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Solar cell modules comprising an encapsulant sheet of a blend of ethylene copolymers
US20100300533A1 (en) * 2009-06-01 2010-12-02 Bp Corporation North America Inc. Photovoltaic device with a polymeric mat and method of making the same
US20100139769A1 (en) * 2009-11-30 2010-06-10 Covalent Solar, Inc. Solar concentrators with light redirection
DE102009060604A1 (de) * 2009-12-23 2011-06-30 Energetica Holding Gmbh Solar-Modul mit einer Leiterplatte und Verfahren zur Herstellung und Anwendung
JP5741450B2 (ja) * 2010-02-12 2015-07-01 三菱化学株式会社 太陽電池モジュール及び太陽電池モジュールの製造方法
US9214639B2 (en) * 2010-06-24 2015-12-15 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Conductive polymer on a textured or plastic substrate
JP2014507011A (ja) * 2010-12-08 2014-03-20 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー ガラス状高分子反射防止フィルム、製造方法、及び該フィルムを使用した光エネルギー吸収装置
US20120282437A1 (en) * 2011-05-04 2012-11-08 Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corporation Film for photovoltaic devices

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3016734A1 (fr) 2015-07-24
EP3097591A1 (fr) 2016-11-30
WO2015110356A1 (fr) 2015-07-30
US20160336467A1 (en) 2016-11-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
FR3016734B1 (fr) Film souple photovoltaique a haut rendement, procede d'obtention et utilisation
DK3186475T3 (da) Trådløst brøndoverførselssystem
DK3119464T4 (da) Intermitterende katetre med hydrerings-/gribeanordninger
TWI561924B (en) Chemically-amplified negative resist composition and resist patterning process using the same
HK1198640A1 (zh) 貼膜器
FR3028512B1 (fr) Procede d'hydrosilylation mettant en œuvre un catalyseur organique derive de germylene
FR3034816B1 (fr) Dispositif de concentration d'energie
DK3234112T3 (da) In vitro-modning af et pattedyre-cumulus-oocytkompleks
FR3019967B1 (fr) Procede d'ostreiculture ameliore
FR3022692B1 (fr) Procede de realisation d'un film organique semi-conducteur
GB201621546D0 (en) Bootstrapping a device to a wireless network
FI20165076A (fi) Menetelmä akun ylläpitämiseksi
FR3031055B1 (fr) Dispositif d'electro-hydroformage
FR3023486B1 (fr) Procede de modification chimique de polyetheramines, nouvelles polyetheramines susceptible d'etre obtenues par ce procede, et utilisation de ces polyetheramines
FR3006068B1 (fr) Procede d'obtention d'un substrat
DK3395041T3 (da) Netværk med delvis unidirektionel dataoverførsel
FR3021317B1 (fr) Procede d'obtention du borazane
FR3021316B1 (fr) Procede d'obtention du borazane
ES1115355Y (es) "cesta recogepelotas"
FR3018869B1 (fr) Dispositif de production d'energie
FR3025875B1 (fr) Caloduc et procede de realisation d'un caloduc
FR3017509B1 (fr) Dispositif d'effarouchement
DK3159161T3 (da) Flerlaget elastisk folie
ES1130005Y (es) Modelo de sujecíón del cerdamen en un cepillo de dientes
FI20165098A (fi) Energian tuotantolaite

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PLFP Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 3

TP Transmission of property

Owner name: SOLAR CLOTH SYSTEMS, FR

Effective date: 20160920

PLFP Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 4

PLFP Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 5

PLFP Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 7

PLFP Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 8

PLFP Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 9

PLFP Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 10

PLFP Fee payment

Year of fee payment: 11