FR2979233A1 - Composition, useful for dyeing human keratin fibers, preferably hair, comprises fatty substances, cationic polymers, alkalizing and oxidizing agents and dyes e.g. direct dyes, where cationic polymers have specified average molecular weight - Google Patents

Abstract

Composition comprises one or more fatty substances (at least 25%), one or more cationic polymers, one or more alkalizing agents, at least one oxidizing agent (>= 5 wt.%) and optionally one or more dyes comprising oxidation dyes and/or direct dyes, where the cationic polymers have an average molecular weight of >= 50000. Independent claims are included for: (1) dyeing or lightening human keratin fibers, comprising applying the composition to the fibers; (2) a two-compartment device comprising a first compartment containing a first composition comprising the fatty substance (>= 30 (preferably >= 60) wt.%) and optionally the dye, and a second compartment containing a second composition comprising the oxidizing agents, where the first and second compositions comprise cationic polymer and one or more basifying agents, and the compositions of the two compartments are intended to be mixed to give the composition prior to the application to the keratin fibers; and (3) a three-compartment device comprising the first composition comprising the fatty substance (>= 30 (preferably >= 50) wt.%), the second composition comprising the alkalizing agents and dyes, and a third composition comprising the oxidizing agents and optionally the fatty substance.

Description

The subject of the present invention is a coloring or lightening composition for human keratinous fibers comprising an oxidizing agent in a content greater than 5%, a high content of fatty substances and a particular cationic polymer. The invention also relates to a dyeing or lightening process implementing it as well as multi-compartment devices. Among the methods for staining human keratinous fibers, such as the hair, mention may be made of oxidation or permanent staining. More particularly, this mode of staining uses one or more oxidation dyes, usually one or more oxidation bases possibly associated with one or more couplers. In general, oxidation bases are chosen from ortho- or para-phenylenediamines, ortho- or para-aminophenols as well as heterocyclic compounds. These oxidation bases are colorless or weakly colored compounds which, combined with oxidizing products, allow access to colored species. Very often, the shades obtained with these oxidation bases are varied by combining them with one or more couplers, the latter being chosen in particular from aromatic meta-diamines, meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols and certain heterocyclic compounds, such as indole compounds. The variety of molecules involved in the oxidation bases and couplers allows a rich palette of colors to be obtained. It is also possible to add to these compositions, direct dyes, which are colored and coloring molecules having an affinity for the fibers. The direct dyes generally employed are chosen from nitrobenzene, anthraquinone, nitropyridine, azo, methine, azomethine, xanthene, acridine, azine or triarylmethane direct dyes. The presence of such compounds makes it possible to further enrich the coloration obtained, in reflections or to increase the chromaticity of the coloration obtained. The oxidation dyeing processes therefore consist in using with these dyeing compositions a composition comprising at least one oxidizing agent, generally hydrogen peroxide, under alkaline pH conditions in the vast majority of cases. This oxidizing agent has the role of revealing the color, by an oxidative condensation reaction of the oxidation dyes with each other. The oxidation coloring, moreover, must satisfy a certain number of requirements. Thus, it must be harmless from the toxicological point of view, it must make it possible to obtain shades in the desired intensity and to have good resistance to external aggressions such as light, bad weather, washing, permanent ripples, sweating and friction.

The dyes must also make it possible to cover the white hairs, and finally be the least selective possible, that is to say to make it possible to obtain the lowest possible color differences throughout a single keratinous fiber, which comprises in general, differently sensitized (ie damaged) areas from tip to root. The compositions obtained must, in addition, have good properties of mixing and application, and in particular good rheological properties not to flow, when they are applied, on the face, the scalp, or outside areas that the we propose to dye.

Finally the colorations must respect as much as possible the integrity of the keratinous fibers and give said fibers the best possible cosmetic properties. Numerous attempts have been made in the field of hair dyeing to improve the dyeing properties, for example by means of adjuvants.

However, the choice of these adjuvants is delicate insofar as they must improve the dyeing properties of the dye compositions without harming the other properties of these compositions. In particular, these adjuvants must not adversely affect the stability of the compositions, the lightening properties of the keratin fibers with the application properties of the coloring and the cosmetic properties of the colored fibers. As regards the processes for lightening the keratinous fibers, aqueous compositions comprising at least one oxidizing agent are used, under alkaline pH conditions in the vast majority of cases. This oxidizing agent has the role of degrading the melanin of the hair, which, depending on the nature of the oxidizing agent present, leads to a more or less pronounced lightening of the fibers. In addition to the lightening of the fibers, there is also a risk of degradation of these fibers and their cosmetic properties. To achieve these ends, it is known to use cationic molecules, for example cationic polymers or cationic surfactants to improve the conditioning of the fiber. However, the introduction of cationic polymers into the dyeing or brightening compositions can lead to destabilization of these compositions. This destabilization may result in an alteration of the texture and / or performance of these compositions compositions before or after mixing with the oxidizing agent (s).

One of the aims of the present invention is to obtain compositions for coloring, in particular for the oxidation dyeing of keratin fibers which do not have the drawbacks of the prior art. More particularly, one of the aims of the present invention is to obtain compositions for staining, in particular oxidation, of keratinous fibers, which are stable, easy to mix and to apply, in particular which do not flow and remain well localized at the point of application, and which have good dyeing properties, especially in terms of power level / intensity, unison and / or homogeneity of the dyeing.

Another object of the present invention is to provide compositions for lightening keratinous fibers which do not have the drawbacks of those used with the existing compositions, and which remain at least as effective in terms of lightening and drying. the homogeneity of the latter.

These and other objects are achieved by the present invention which therefore relates to a coloring or lightening composition of human keratin fibers, characterized in that it comprises, in a cosmetically acceptable medium: (a) at least 25 % by weight of one or more fatty substances; (b) one or more cationic polymers having a weight average molecular weight of 50,000 or less; (c) one or more basifying agents; (d) at least one oxidizing agent, preferably hydrogen peroxide, in a content greater than or equal to 5% by weight and (e) optionally one or more dyes chosen from oxidation dyes, direct dyes, or their mixtures. It also relates to a method for staining human keratinous fibers comprising carrying out the aforementioned composition. It also relates to a process for lightening human keratin fibers by using the aforementioned composition. The subject of the invention is also a device with two compartments comprising - in one, a first composition comprising one or more fatty substances, preferably in a content of greater than or equal to 30%, better still greater than or equal to 40%, more preferably greater than or equal to 50%, more preferably greater than or equal to 60% by weight relative to the weight of the first composition and optionally one or more dyes chosen from oxidation dyes, direct dyes, or mixtures thereof, preferably one or more oxidation dyes; in the other, a second composition comprising at least one oxidizing agent, preferably hydrogen peroxide; the first composition and / or the second composition comprising one or more cationic polymers having a weight average molecular weight less than or equal to 50,000; the first composition and / or the second composition, and preferably the first composition, comprising one or more basifying agents; the compositions of the two compartments being intended to be mixed to give the composition according to the invention, just before application to human keratin fibers. The invention finally relates to a device with three compartments comprising: in one, a first composition comprising one or more fatty substances, one or more fatty substances, preferably in a content of greater than or equal to 30%, better than or equal to at 40%, more preferably greater than or equal to 50% by weight relative to the weight of the first composition, - in another, a second composition comprising one or more alkalinizing agents and optionally one or more dyes chosen from oxidation dyes direct dyes, or mixtures thereof, preferably one or more oxidation dyes; and in the latter, a third composition comprising one or more oxidizing agents and optionally one or more fatty substances, preferably in a content of greater than or equal to 30%, better still greater than or equal to 40%, even more preferably greater than or equal to 50%. % by weight relative to the weight of the third composition; the first, second and / or third compositions comprising one or more cationic polymers having a weight average molecular weight of less than or equal to 50,000, or these being preferably in the first or second composition; the compositions of the three compartments being intended to be mixed to give the composition according to the invention, just before application to human keratin fibers. According to a particular embodiment, the invention relates to a device with three compartments comprising: in one, a first composition comprising one or more fatty substances, preferably in a content of greater than or equal to 30%, better than or equal to at 40%, more preferably greater than or equal to 50% by weight relative to the weight of the first composition, - in another, a second composition comprising one or more alkalinizing agents, one or more dyes chosen from oxidation dyes, direct dyes, or mixtures thereof, preferably one or more oxidation dyes and one or more cationic polymers of molecular weight less than or equal to 50,000; and in the last, a third composition comprising one or more oxidizing agents and one or more fatty substances, preferably in a content of greater than or equal to 30%, better still greater than or equal to 40%, even more preferably greater than or equal to 50% by weight relative to the weight of the third composition; the compositions of the three compartments being intended to be mixed to give the composition according to the invention, just before application to human keratin fibers. Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly on reading the description and examples which follow.

In what follows, and unless otherwise indicated, the boundaries of a domain of values are included in this field. The expression "at least one" is equivalent to the expression "one or more"; The human keratinous fibers treated by the process according to the invention are preferably the hair. The coloration and lightening of the keratinous fibers may be simultaneous. In a variant of the invention, the lightening process is carried out without oxidation base, coupler or direct dye.

Fatty Substances As indicated above, the coloring composition according to the invention comprises at least 25% by weight of one or more fatty substances, preferably at least 30% by weight, better still at least 40% by weight, and even more preferably at least 45% by weight, more preferably at least 50% by weight relative to the weight of the first composition. The term "fatty substance" means an organic compound which is insoluble in water at ordinary temperature (25 ° C.) and at atmospheric pressure (760 mmHg) (solubility less than 5% and preferably less than 1%, more preferably less than 0%). , 1%). They have in their structure at least one hydrocarbon chain comprising at least 6 carbon atoms or a chain of at least two siloxane groups. In addition, the fatty substances are generally soluble in organic solvents under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, such as for example chloroform, ethanol, benzene, petroleum jelly or decamethylcyclopentasiloxane. According to the invention, the fatty substances are chosen from liquid or pasty compounds at ambient temperature and at atmospheric pressure. More particularly, the one or more fatty substances are chosen from C 6 -C 16 lower alkanes, non-silicone oils of animal, vegetable mineral or synthetic origin, fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty acid esters and / or of fatty alcohol, non-silicone waxes, silicones.

It is recalled that for the purposes of the invention, the alcohols, esters and fatty acids more particularly have at least one hydrocarbon group, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, comprising 6 to 30 carbon atoms, which is optionally substituted, in particular by one or more hydroxyl groups (in particular 1 to 4). If unsaturated, these compounds may comprise one to three carbon-carbon double bonds, conjugated or otherwise. With regard to the C6-C16 lower alkanes, the latter are linear, branched, and possibly cyclic. By way of example, mention may be made of hexane, undecane, dodecane and tridecane, isoparaffins such as isohexadecane and isodecane. As oils of animal, plant, mineral or synthetic origin, which may be used in the composition of the invention, mention may be made, for example, of: hydrocarbon-based oils, containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms, of animal origin or vegetable, such as perhydrosqualene. triglyceride oils of vegetable or synthetic origin, such as liquid triglycerides of fatty acids containing from 6 to 30 carbon atoms, for example triglycerides of heptanoic or octanoic acids, or else, for example, sunflower, corn, soy, squash, grape seed, sesame, hazelnut, apricot, macadamia, arara, sunflower, castor, avocado, triglycerides caprylic / capric acids such as those sold by the company Stearineries Dubois or those sold under the names Miglyol® 810, 812 and 818 by the company Dynamit Nobel, jojoba oil, shea butter oil. linear or branched hydrocarbons of mineral or synthetic origin, of more than 16 carbon atoms, such as paraffin oils, volatile or not, and their derivatives, petroleum jelly, liquid petroleum jelly, polydecenes, hydrogenated polyisobutenes such as Parleam®; preferably paraffin oils, petroleum jelly, liquid petrolatum, polydecenes, hydrogenated polyisobutene such as Parleam®. fluorinated oils such as perfluoromethylcyclopentane and 1,3-perfluoro-dimethylcyclohexane, sold under the names "FLUTEC® PC1" and "FLUTEC® PC3" by BNFL Fluorochemicals; perfluoro-1,2-dimethylcyclobutane; perfluoroalkanes such as dodecafluoropentane and tetradecafluorohexane, sold under the names "PF 5050®" and "PF 5060®" by the company 3M, or bromoperfluorooctyl sold under the name "Foralkyl®" by the company Atochem; nonafluoro-methoxybutane and nonafluoroethoxyisobutane; perfluoromorpholine derivatives, such as 4-trifluoromethyl perfluoromorpholine sold under the name "PF 5052®" by the company 3M.

The fatty alcohols that are suitable for carrying out the invention are more particularly chosen from linear or branched saturated or unsaturated alcohols containing from 8 to 30 carbon atoms. For example, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol and their mixture (cetylstearyl alcohol), octyldodecanol, 2-butyloctanol, 2-hexyldecanol, 2-undecylpentadecanol, oleic alcohol or linoleic alcohol may be mentioned; . The fatty acids that can be used in the context of the invention are more particularly chosen from saturated or unsaturated carboxylic acids containing from 6 to 30 carbon atoms, in particular from 9 to 30 carbon atoms. They are advantageously chosen from myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and isostearic acid. esters of fatty acids and / or fatty alcohols, advantageously different from the triglycerides mentioned above; mention may be made in particular of saturated or unsaturated aliphatic mono or poly acid esters, linear or branched in 01026 and saturated or unsaturated aliphatic mono- or polyalcohols, linear or branched in Cl-026, the total number of carbon esters being greater than or equal to 10. Monoesters include dihydroabietyl behenate; octyldodecyl behenate; isoketyl behenate; cetyl lactate; C12-C15 alkyl lactate; isostearyl lactate; lauryl lactate; linoleyl lactate; oleyl lactate; (iso) stearyl octanoate; isocetyl octanoate; octyl octanoate; cetyl octanoate; decyl oleate; isocetyl isostearate; isocetyl laurate; isocetyl stearate; isodecyl octanoate; isodecyl oleate; isononyl isononanoate; isostearyl palmitate; methyl ricinoleate acetyl; myristyl stearate; octyl isononanoate; 2-ethylhexyl isononate; octyl palmitate; octyl pelargonate; octyl stearate; octyldodecyl erucate; oleyl erucate; ethyl and isopropyl palmitates, ethyl-2-hexyl palmitate, 2-octyldecyl palmitate, alkyl myristates such as isopropyl, butyl, cetyl, 2-octyldodecyl myristate; , styryl, hexyl stearate, butyl stearate, isobutyl stearate; dioctyl malate, hexyl laurate, 2-hexyldecyl laurate. Still within the scope of this variant, it is also possible to use esters of C 4 -C 22 di or tricarboxylic acids and of C 1 -C 22 alcohols and esters of mono di or tricarboxylic acids and of di, tri, alcohols. C2-026 tetra or pentahydroxy. These include: diethyl sebacate; diisopropyl sebacate; diisopropyl adipate; di-propyl adipate; dioctyl adipate; diisostearyl adipate; dioctyl maleate; glyceryl undecylenate; octyldodecyl stearoyl stearate; pentaerythrityl monoricinoleate; pentaerythrityl tetraisononanoate; pentaerythrityl tetrapelargonate; pentaerythrityl tetraisostearate; pentaerythrityl tetraoctanoate; propylene glycol dicaprylate; propylene glycol dicaprate, tridecyl erucate; triisopropyl citrate; triisotearyl citrate; glyceryl trilactate; glyceryl trioctanoate; trioctyldodecyl citrate; trioleyl citrate, propylene glycol dioctanoate; neopentyl glycol diheptanoate; diethylene glycol diisanonate; and polyethylene glycol distearates. Among the esters mentioned above, it is preferred to use ethyl, isopropyl, myristyl, cetyl, stearyl palmitates, ethyl-2-hexyl palmitate, 2-octyldecyl palmitate, myristates of alkyls such as isopropyl, butyl, cetyl, 2-octyldodecyl myristate, hexyl stearate, butyl stearate, isobutyl stearate; dioctyl malate, hexyl laurate, 2-hexyldecyl laurate and isononyl isononanate, cetyl octanoate. The composition may also comprise, as fatty ester, esters and diesters of 6-030, preferably C 12 -C 22, fatty acid sugars. It is recalled that "sugar" is understood to mean oxygenated hydrocarbon compounds which have several alcohol functions, with or without an aldehyde or ketone function, and which contain at least 4 carbon atoms. These sugars can be monosaccharides, oligosaccharides or polysaccharides. Suitable sugars include, for example, sucrose (or sucrose), glucose, galactose, ribose, fucose, maltose, fructose, mannose, arabinose, xylose, lactose, and their derivatives. especially alkylated, such as methylated derivatives such as methylglucose. The esters of sugars and of fatty acids may be chosen in particular from the group comprising the esters or mixtures of esters of sugars described above and of linear or branched, saturated, linear or branched, 0-12-030 fatty acids, preferably or unsaturated. If unsaturated, these compounds may comprise one to three carbon-carbon double bonds, conjugated or otherwise. The esters according to this variant may also be chosen from mono-, di-, tri- and tetraesters, polyesters and mixtures thereof.

These esters may be for example oleate, laurate, palmitate, myristate, behenate, cocoate, stearate, linoleate, linolenate, caprate, arachidonates, or mixtures thereof, such as in particular the mixed oleo-palmitate, oleostearate and palmitostearate esters. More particularly, mono- and di-esters are used, and in particular mono- or dioleate, stearate, behenate, oleopalmitate, linoleate, linolenate, oleostearate, sucrose, glucose or methylglucose. By way of example, mention may be made of the product sold under the name Glucate® DO by the company Amerchol, which is a methylglucose dioleate. Mention may also be made, by way of examples, of esters or mixtures of esters of fatty acid sugar: the products sold under the names F160, F140, F110, F90, F70 and SL40 by the company Crodesta, respectively denoting sucrose palmito-stearates of 73% monoester and 27% di- and tri-ester, 61% monoester and 39% di-, tri- and tetraester, 52% monoester and 48% monoester; % di-, tri- and tetraester, 45% monoester and 55% di-, tri- and tetraester, 39% monoester and 61% di-, tri-, and tetra. -ester, and sucrose mono-laurate; the products sold under the name Ryoto Sugar Esters, for example referenced B370 and corresponding to sucrose behenate formed from 20% monoester and 80% di-triester-polyester; the sucrose mono-dipalmito-stearate marketed by Goldschmidt under the name Tegosoft® PSE. The wax or the non-silicone waxes are chosen in particular from carnauba wax, candelila wax, and alfa wax, paraffin wax, ozokerite, vegetable waxes such as olive wax, wax of rice, hydrogenated jojoba wax or the absolute waxes of flowers such as the essential wax of blackcurrant sold by the company BERTIN (France), animal waxes such as beeswax, or modified beeswax (cerabellina) ); other waxes or waxy raw materials that can be used according to the invention are, in particular, marine waxes, such as the one sold by SOPHIM under the reference M82, and polyethylene or polyolefin waxes in general. The silicones that can be used in the cosmetic compositions of the present invention are volatile or cyclic, linear or branched, volatile or non-volatile silicones, modified or not with organic groups, having a viscosity of 5 × 10 -6 to 2.5 m 2 / s at 25 ° C. C and preferably 1.10-5 to 1m2 / s. The silicones that can be used in accordance with the invention can be in the form of oils, waxes, resins or gums. Preferably, the silicone is chosen from polydialkylsiloxanes, in particular polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS), and organomodified polysiloxanes comprising at least one functional group chosen from poly (oxyalkylene) groups, amino groups and alkoxy groups.

Organopolysiloxanes are further defined in Walter Noll's "Chemistry and Technology of Silicones" (1968), Academie Press. They can be volatile or nonvolatile. When they are volatile, the silicones are more particularly chosen from those having a boiling point of between 60 ° C. and 260 ° C., and even more particularly from: (i) cyclic polydialkylsiloxanes containing from 3 to 7, preferably from 4 to 5 silicon atoms. It is, for example, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane sold in particular under the name VOLATILE SILICONE ° 7207 by UNION CARBIDE or SILBIONE ° 70045 V2 by RHODIA, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane marketed under the name VOLATILE SILICONE ° 7158 by UNION CARBIDE, and SILBIONE ® 70045 V5 by RHODIA, as well as their mixtures. Mention may also be made of cyclocopolymers of the dimethylsiloxane / methylalkylsiloxane type, such as the VOLATILE SILICONE ° FZ 3109 marketed by the company UNION CARBIDE, of formula: CH 3 with D ": Si -CI-CH 3 D" D '-1 with D': Examples of cyclic polydialkylsiloxane mixtures with organic compounds derived from silicon, such as the mixture of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and tetramethylsilylpentaerythritol (50/50) and the mixture of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and oxy-1,1 '- (hexa-2,2,2', 2 ', 3,3'-trimethylsilyloxy) bis-neopentane; (ii) linear volatile polydialkylsiloxanes having 2 to 9 silicon atoms and having a viscosity of less than or equal to 5 × 10 -6 m 2 / s at 25 ° C. It is, for example, decamethyltetrasiloxane marketed in particular under the name "SH 200" by Toray Silicone, silicones entering this class are also described in the article published in Cosmetics and Toiletries, Vol. 91, Jan. 76, p. 27-32 - TODD & BYERS "Volatile Silicone fluids for cosmetics". Non-volatile polydialkylsiloxanes, polydialkylsiloxane gums and resins, polyorganosiloxanes modified with the above organofunctional groups and mixtures thereof are preferably used. These silicones are more particularly chosen from polydialkylsiloxanes, among which may be mentioned mainly polydimethylsiloxanes with trimethylsilyl end groups. The viscosity of the silicones is measured at 25 ° C. according to the ASTM 445 Appendix C standard. Among these polydialkylsiloxanes, mention may be made, without limitation, of the following commercial products: SILBIONE® oils of the 47 and 70 047 series or MIRASIL oils ® marketed by RHODIA such as, for example 70 047 V 500 000 oil; the oils of the MIRASIL® series marketed by RHODIA; the oils of the 200 series of Dow Corning, such as DC200 having a viscosity of 60,000 mm 2 / s; - VISCASIL® oils from GENERAL ELECTRIC and some oils from SF series (SF 96, SF 18) from GENERAL ELECTRIC. Mention may also be made of polydimethylsiloxanes with dimethylsilanol end groups known under the name of dimethiconol (CTFA), such as the oils of the 48 series from the company RHODIA. In this class of polydialkylsiloxanes, mention may also be made of the products sold under the names "ABIL WAX® 9800 and 9801" by GOLDSCHMIDT, which are polydialkyl (C1-020) siloxanes. The silicone gums that can be used in accordance with the invention are in particular polydialkylsiloxanes, preferably polydimethylsiloxanes having high average molecular weights of between 200,000 and 1,000,000 used alone or in a mixture in a solvent. This solvent may be chosen from volatile silicones, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) oils, polyphenylmethylsiloxane (PPMS) oils, isoparaffins, polyisobutylenes, methylene chloride, pentane, dodecane, tridecane or their mixtures. More particularly useful products according to the invention are mixtures such as: - mixtures formed from an end-hydroxylated polydimethylsiloxane, or dimethiconol (CTFA) and a cyclic polydimethylsiloxane also called cyclomethicone (CTFA) such that the product Q2 1401 marketed by the company Dow Corning; mixtures of a polydimethylsiloxane gum and a cyclic silicone such as the product SF 1214 Silicone Fluid from the company General Electric, this product is an SF 30 gum corresponding to a dimethicone, having a number average molecular weight of 500,000 solubilized in oil SF 1202 Silicone Fluid corresponding to decamethylcyclopentasiloxane; mixtures of two PDMSs of different viscosities, and more particularly of a PDMS gum and a PDMS oil, such as the product SF 1236 from the company General Electric. The product SF 1236 is the mixture of an SE 30 gum defined above having a viscosity of 20 m 2 / s and an SF 96 oil with a viscosity of 5 × 10 -6 m 2 / s. This product preferably comprises 15% of SE gum and 85% of an SF 96 oil. The organopolysiloxane resins that can be used in accordance with the invention are crosslinked siloxane systems containing the units: R 2 SiO 2/2, R 3 SiO 1/2, RSiO 3 / 2 and SiO412 wherein R represents an alkyl having 1 to 16 carbon atoms. Among these products, those that are particularly preferred are those in which R denotes a C1-C4 lower alkyl group, more particularly methyl. Among these resins may be mentioned the product sold under the name "Dow Corning 593" or those sold under the names "Silicone Fluid SS 4230 and SS 4267" by the company General Electric and which are silicones of dimethyl / trimethyl siloxane structure. Mention may also be made of the trimethylsiloxysilicate type resins sold in particular under the names X22-4914, X21-5034 and X21-5037 by the company Shin-Etsu. The organomodified silicones that may be used in accordance with the invention are silicones as defined above and comprising in their structure one or more organofunctional groups attached via a hydrocarbon-based group. In addition to the silicones described above, the organomodified silicones may be polydiaryl siloxanes, especially polydiphenylsiloxanes, and polyalkylarylsiloxanes functionalized with the organofunctional groups mentioned previously. The polyalkylarylsiloxanes are particularly chosen from polydimethyl / methylphenylsiloxanes, linear and / or branched polydimethyl / diphenylsiloxanes with a viscosity ranging from 1 × 10 -5 to 5 × 10 -2 m 2 / s at 25 ° C. Among these polyalkylarylsiloxanes include by way of example the products sold under the following names: SILBIONE® oils of the 70 641 series from RHODIA; 25. RHODORSIL® 70 633 and 763 RHODIA series of oils; . DOW CORNING 556 COSMETIC GRAD FLUID oil from DOW CORNING; . silicones of the PK series from BAYER, such as the product PK20; . silicones of the PN and PH series of BAYER, such as the PN1000 and PH1000 products; . certain oils of the SF series of GENERAL ELECTRIC such as SF 1023, SF 30 1154, SF 1250, SF 1265. Among the organomodified silicones, mention may be made of polyorganosiloxanes comprising: polyethyleneoxy and / or polypropyleneoxy groups optionally comprising C 6 alkyl groups; Such as the products called dimethicone copolyol marketed by the company Dow Corning under the name DC 1248 or the oils SILWET® L 722, L 7500, L 77, L 711 of the company UNION CARBIDE and the alkyl (C12) - meticone copolyol sold by the company Dow Corning under the name Q2 5200; substituted or unsubstituted amine groups such as the products sold under the name GP 4 Silicone Fluid and GP 7100 by the company Genesee or the products sold under the names Q2 8220 and Dow Corning 929 or 939 by the company Dow Corning. The substituted amino groups are, in particular, C1-C4 aminoalkyl groups; alkoxylated groups, such as the product sold under the name "Silicone Copolymer F-755" by SWS Silicones and Abil Wax® 2428, 2434 and 2440 by the company GOLDSCHMIDT. The fatty substance (s) do not comprise an oxyalkylenated C2-03 unit. Preferably they do not contain a glycerol unit.

More particularly, the fatty substances are chosen from liquid or pasty compounds at ambient temperature and at atmospheric pressure. Preferably, the fatty substance is a liquid compound at a temperature of 25 ° C. and at atmospheric pressure or oil.

More particularly, the fatty substances are different from the fatty acids. According to a preferred variant, the fatty substances are not silicone. The fatty substances are preferably chosen from C 6 -C 16 lower alkanes, non-silicone oils of vegetable, mineral or synthetic origin, fatty alcohols, fatty acid esters and / or fatty alcohol esters, or mixtures thereof. .

Preferably, the fatty substance is chosen from liquid petrolatum, polydecenes, esters which are liquid at room temperature and at atmospheric pressure of fatty acid and / or of fatty alcohol, fatty alcohols at room temperature and at atmospheric pressure. or their mixtures.

As indicated above, the composition according to the invention comprises at least 25% fat. The composition according to the invention more particularly has a fat content ranging from 25 to 80% by weight, even more preferably from 30 to 70%, better still from 40 to 65% by weight, and still more preferably from 50 to 60% by weight. relative to the weight of the composition.

Cationic Polymers The composition according to the invention also comprises one or more cationic polymers having a weight average molecular weight Mw of less than or equal to 50,000, preferably less than or equal to 30,000, better still less than or equal to 20,000. The weight average of the cationic polymer can range, for example, from 1,000 to 50,000, preferably from 3,000 to 30,000, more preferably from 5,000 to 20,000. These molecular weights are expressed in g per mole or Dalton.

Preferably, the cationic polymers used in the composition of the invention are not chosen from cationic associative polymers. In other words, these cationic polymers do not comprise in their pendant or terminal hydrophobic chain structure, in particular of the alkyl or alkenyl type, comprising from 10 to 30 carbon atoms. The cationic polymers of the composition according to the invention may be chosen from: (1) homopolymers or copolymers derived from acrylic or methacrylic esters or amides. The polymers of family (1) may also contain one or more units deriving from comonomers which may be chosen from the family of acrylamides, methacrylamides, acrylamide diacetones, acrylamides and methacrylamides substituted on the nitrogen by lower alkyls (C1-C4), acrylic or methacrylic acids or their esters, vinyllactams such as vinylpyrrolidone or vinylcaprolactam, vinyl esters. (2) Cellulose ether derivatives containing quaternary ammonium groups described in FR 1492597. These polymers are also defined in the CTFA dictionary as quaternary ammoniums of hydroxyethylcellulose reacted with an epoxide substituted with a trimethylammonium group. (3) Cellulose copolymers or cellulose derivatives grafted with a water-soluble quaternary ammonium monomer, and described in particular in US Pat. No. 4,135,776, such as hydroxyalkyl celluloses, such as hydroxymethyl-, hydroxyethyl- or hydroxypropyl-grafted cellulose, in particular with a salt methacryloylethyl trimethylammonium, methacrylmidopropyl trimethylammonium, dimethyl diallylammonium. (4) Non-cellulosic cationic polysaccharides, especially those described in US Pat. Nos. 3,589,578 and 4,031,307, such as guar gums containing cationic trialkylammonium groups. For example, guar gums modified with a salt (eg chloride) of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium are used. (5) Polymers consisting of piperazinyl units and straight or branched chain alkylene or hydroxyalkylene divalent radicals, optionally interrupted by oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen or aromatic or heterocyclic rings, as well as the products oxidation and / or quaternization of these polymers. Such polymers are described in particular in FR 2162025 and FR 2280361. (6) The water-soluble polyaminoamides prepared in particular by polycondensation of an acidic compound with a polyamine; these polyaminoamides 40 being able to be cross-linked these polyaminoamides can be alkylated or if they comprise one or more tertiary amine functional groups, quaternized. Such polymers are especially described in FR 2252840 and FR 2368508; The polyamino amide derivatives resulting from the condensation of polyalkylene polyamines with polycarboxylic acids followed by alkylation with difunctional agents. Mention may be made, for example, of adipic acid-diacoylamino-hydroxyalkyldialoylene triamine polymers in which the alkyl radical is C1-C4 and preferably denotes methyl, ethyl or propyl. Such polymers are especially described in FR 1583363. Among these derivatives, there may be mentioned more particularly the adipic acid / dimethylaminohydroxypropyl / diethylene triamine polymers sold under the name "Cartaretine F, F4 or F8" by the company Sandoz. (7) Polymers obtained by reacting a polyalkylene polyamine having two primary amine groups and at least one secondary amine group with a dicarboxylic acid selected from diglycolic acid and saturated C 3 -C 8 aliphatic dicarboxylic acids. The molar ratio between the polyalkylene polylamine and the dicarboxylic acid being between 0.8: 1 and 1.4: 1; the polyaminoamide resulting therefrom being reacted with epichlorohydrin in a molar ratio of epichlorohydrin relative to the secondary amine group of the polyaminoamide of between 0.5: 1 and 1.8: 1. Such polymers are described in particular US 3227615 and US 2961347. Polymers of this type are in particular marketed under the name "Hercosett 57", "PD 170" or "Delsette 101" by the company Hercules. (8) cyclopolymers of alkyl diallyl amine or of dialkyl diallyl ammonium, such as homopolymers or copolymers comprising, as the main constituent of the chain, units corresponding to formulas (I) or (II): (CH) k / - (CH 2 ## STR2 ## wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a hydrogen atom, wherein R 1 (R 9) -NO-CH 2 R 1 (R 9) -O-CH 2) R7 formulas in which k and t are 0 or 1, the sum k + t being equal to 1; R9 denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical; R7 and R8, (II) independently of one another, denote a C1-C8 alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group in which the alkyl group is C1-C5, an amidoalkyl group whose alkyl is in Cl- C4; R7 and R8 may further designate, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, a heterocyclic group, such as piperidinyl or morpholinyl; R7 and R8 independently of one another preferably denote a C1-C4 alkyl group; Y- is an organic or inorganic anion such as bromide, chloride, acetate, borate, citrate, tartrate, bisulfate, bisulfite, sulfate, phosphate. These polymers are in particular described in FR 2080759 and FR 2190406.

Among the polymers defined above, mention may be made more particularly of homopolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride having a weight average molecular weight ranging from 5000 to 20000, for example the homopolymer of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride sold under the name "Merquat 106". by the company Nalco (INCI name Polyquaternium-6) or copolymers of diallyldimethylammonium chloride and acrylamide, (9) Quaternary diammonium polymers containing recurring units corresponding to the formula: RI12 -1 \ 1+ - Wherein R10, R11, R12 and R13, which may be identical or different, represent aliphatic, alicyclic or arylaliphatic C1-C6 radicals or hydroxyalkylaliphatic radicals, the alkyl radical of which is represented by the formula: ## STR2 ## at C 1 -C 4, or R 10, R 11, R 12 and R 13, together or separately, together with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached, form heterocycles containing currently a second heteroatom other than nitrogen or R10, R11, R12 and R13 represent a linear or branched C1-C6 alkyl radical substituted with a nitrile, ester, acyl, amide or -00-0-R14-D group; -CO-NHR14-D wherein R14 is alkylene and D is a quaternary ammonium group; Al and B1 represent linear or branched C2-06 polymethylene groups, saturated or unsaturated, and which may contain, bound to or intercalated in the main chain, one or more aromatic rings, or one or more oxygen, sulfur or sulfoxide, sulfone, disulfide, amino, alkylamino, hydroxyl, quaternary ammonium, ureido, amide or ester groups, and X- denotes an anion derived from a mineral or organic acid; A1, R10 and R12 can form with the two nitrogen atoms to which they are attached a piperazine ring; furthermore, if Al denotes a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkylene or hydroxyalkylene radical, B1 may also denote a - (CH2) n -CO-D-OC- (III) (CH2) - group - in which n ranging from 1 at 6 and D denotes a quaternary ammonium group: a) a glycol residue of formula: -O-Z-O-, where Z denotes a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical or a group corresponding to one of the following formulas: CH2-CH2-O) x-CH2-CH2-; 4CH 2 -CH (CH 3) -Oh-CH 2 -CH (CH 3) - where x and y denote an integer of 1 to 4, representing a defined and unique degree of polymerization or any number of 1 to 4 representing a degree of polymerization way ; b) a bis-secondary diamine residue such as a piperazine derivative; c) a bis-primary diamine residue of formula: -NH-Y-NH-, where Y denotes a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical, or the radical -CH 2 -CH 2 -S-S-CH 2 -CH 2 -; d) a ureylene group of formula: -NH-CO-NH-. Preferably, X- is an anion such as chloride or bromide.

Polymers of this type are described in particular in FR 2320330, FR 2270846, FR 2316271, FR 2336434, FR 2413907, US 2273780, US 2375853, US 2388614, US 2454547, US 3206462, US 2261002, US 2271378, US 3874870, US 4001432. , US 3929990, US 3966904, US 4005193, US 4025617, US 4025627, US 4025653, US 4026945 and US 4027020.

Polymers which consist of recurring units corresponding to the following formula (IV) can be used more particularly: R 10 R 12, -N 4 (CH 2) n -N- (CH 2) p R 11 X R 13 X (IV) in which R 10, R11, R12 and R13, which may be identical or different, denote a C1-C4 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical, n and p are integers ranging from approximately 2 to 6 and X- is an anion derived from a mineral or organic acid. Even more advantageously, the cationic polymers corresponding to this family comprise the recurring units of the following formulas (W) and (U): ## STR3 ## ## STR2 ## CH 3 CH 3 (W) and in particular those whose weight-average molecular weight Mw, determined by gel permeation chromatography, is between 5000 and 15,000; CH3 C2H5 1 1 - [- 14 - + - (CH2) 3 -N + Br- (CH2) 3 I- (U) C1-C13 C2H5 and in particular those whose molecular weight Mw, determined by permeation chromatography The amount of gel is about 1200. For example, poly (dimethyliminio) -1,3-propanediyl (dimethyliminio) -1,6-hexanediyl] dichloride (INCI hexadimethrin chloride), which is used in AQUEOUS SOLUTION 60%. by the company CHIMEX under the reference MEXOMERE PO; (10) Quaternary polyammonium polymers consisting of recurring units of formula (V): ## STR2 ## in which p denotes an integer ranging from 1 to about 6, D can be zero or can represent a group - (C1-12), - 00- in which r denotes a from 1 to about 6, X- is an anion, Such polymers can be prepared according to the methods described in US Pat. may for example mention the products "Mirapol A 15", "Mirapol AD1", "Mirapol AZ1" and "Mirapol 175" sold by the company Miranol (11) Quaternary polymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinylimidazole such as for example the products sold under the names Luviquat FC 905, FC 550 and FC 370 by the company BASF (12) Homopolymers or copolymers of vinylamide and in particular partially hydrolysed vinylamide homopolymers such as poly (vinylamine / vinylamide). (13) The cationic polyurethane derivatives, preferably those having an elastic character formed from the reaction: (a1) of at least one cationic unit resulting from at least one tertiary or quaternary amine having at least two reactive functions with labile hydrogen, (a2) at least one mixture of at least two different nonionic units having at least two reactive functions with labile hydrogen, preferably selected from hydroxyl groups, primary amine or secondary amine, and thiol groups, (b) of at least one compound having at least two isocyanate functions, (14) Other cationic polymers that may be used in the context of the invention are cationic proteins or cationic protein hydrolysates, polyalkyleneimines, in particular polyethyleneimines, polymers containing vinylpyridine or vinylpyridinium units, and chitin derivatives.

More particularly, the cationic charge of the polymers that can be used in the context of the invention is at least 1 meq / g, more advantageously at least 4 meq / g. The charge density can be determined according to the Kjeldahl method. It is generally measured at a pH of the order of 3 to 9. It can also be determined by calculation from the polymer structure. Preferably, the cationic polymer present in the composition according to the invention is chosen from the polymers of families (8) and (9).

More preferably, the cationic polymer present in the composition according to the invention is chosen from homopolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, the polymers of formulas (IV) above, in particular the polymers of formula (U) or (W), and their mixtures.

The composition according to the invention advantageously comprises from 0.005 to 5% by weight, more particularly from 0.05 to 0.5% by weight of dry matter of cationic polymer (s) according to the invention relative to the weight of the composition. Oxidizing Agents The composition according to the invention also comprises one or more oxidizing agents. More particularly, the oxidizing agent (s) is (are) chosen from hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide, alkali metal bromates or ferricyanides, peroxygenated salts, for example alkali metal or alkaline persulfates, perborates and percarbonates; -terrous, as well as peracids and their precursors. Preferably, the oxidizing agent is not chosen from peroxygenated salts. Advantageously, the oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide.

The content of oxidizing agent (s) represents more particularly from 5 to 20% by weight, preferably from 5 to 10% by weight, relative to the weight of the composition. Basifying Agents The composition according to the invention also comprises one or more basifying agents.

The basifying agent may be inorganic or organic or hybrid. The inorganic alkalinizing agent (s) is (are) preferably chosen from ammonia, alkali carbonates or bicarbonates, sodium or potassium hydroxides or their mixtures.

The organic alkalinizing agent (s) is (are) preferably chosen from organic amines whose pKb at 25 ° C. is less than 12, and preferably less than 10, still more advantageously less than 6. It should be noted that is the pKb corresponding to the highest basicity function.

The organic basifying agent (s) are, for example, chosen from alkanolamines, oxyethylenated and / or oxypropylenated ethylenediamines, amino acids and compounds of the following formula (VI): ## STR2 ## in which W is a C1-C6 alkylene radical optionally substituted by a hydroxyl group or a C1-C6 alkyl radical; Rx, Ry, Rz and Rt, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a C1-C6 alkyl or C1-C6 hydroxyalkyl, C1-C6 aminoalkyl radical. Examples of such amines include 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,3-diaminopropanol, spermine and spermidine. By alkanolamine is meant an organic amine comprising a primary, secondary or tertiary amine functional groups, and one or more linear or branched C1-C8 alkyl groups carrying one or more hydroxyl radicals.

Alkanolamines, such as mono-, di- or trialkanolamines comprising one to three identical or different C1-C4 hydroxyalkyl radicals, are particularly suitable for carrying out the invention. Among compounds of this type, mention may be made of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, N-dimethylaminoethanolamine, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, triisopropanolamine, 2-amino -2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 3-amino-1,2-propanediol, 3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol, tris-hydroxymethylaminomethane.

More particularly, the amino acids that can be used are of natural or synthetic origin, in their L, D, or racemic form, and comprise at least one acid function chosen more particularly from the carboxylic, sulphonic, phosphonic or phosphoric acid functions. Amino acids can be in neutral or ionic form. As amino acids that may be used in the present invention, mention may in particular be made of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, arginine, ornithine, citrulline, asparagine, carnitine and cysteine. , glutamine, glycine, histidine, lysine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, N-phenylalanine, proline, serine, taurine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine and valine. Advantageously, the amino acids are basic amino acids comprising an additional amine function optionally included in a ring or in a ureido function. Such basic amino acids are preferably chosen from those corresponding to the following formula (VII): ## STR2 ## where R denotes a group chosen from: - (CH 2) 3 NH 2; The compounds corresponding to formula (VII) are histidine, lysine, arginine, ornithine, citrulline. The organic amine may also be chosen from organic amines of the heterocyclic type. In addition to the histidine already mentioned in the amino acids, mention may in particular be made of pyridine, piperidine, imidazole, triazole and tetrazole. benzimidazole. The organic amine may also be selected from amino acid dipeptides. As amino acid dipeptides that can be used in the present invention, mention may be made in particular of carnosine, anserin and whale. The organic amine may also be chosen from compounds containing a guanidine function. As amino amines of this type which can be used in the present invention, mention may in addition be made of arginine already mentioned as amino acid, creatine, creatinine, 1,1-dimethylguanidine, 1,1 diethylguanidine, glycocyamine, metformin, agmatine, n-amidinoalanine, 3-guanidinopropionic acid, 4-guanidinobutyric acid and 2-amino (imino) methyl] amino) ethane-1-acid; sulfonic acid. Preferably, the organic amine present in the composition of the invention is an alkanolamine. Even more preferentially, the organic amine is monoethanolamine. As hybrid compounds, mention may be made of the salts of the amines mentioned above with acids such as carbonic acid and hydrochloric acid. In particular, it is possible to use guanidine carbonate or monoethanolamine hydrochloride. Advantageously, the composition according to the invention has a content of basifying agent (s) ranging from 0.01 to 30% by weight. preferably from 0.1 to 20% by weight relative to the weight of said composition. The composition of the invention preferably contains one or more alkanolamines, and / or one or more basic amino acids. Preferably the composition of the invention comprises monoethanolamine. In a first variant of the invention, if the composition comprises ammonia or one of its salts and other alkalinizing agents, then the amount of alkalinizing agent (s) other than ammonia is greater than that of ammonia (expressed as NH3). In a second variant of the invention, the composition does not comprise ammonia. Dyestuffs The composition according to the invention may optionally comprise one or more dyes chosen from oxidation dyes, direct dyes or their mixtures which will be detailed below. Preferably, the composition according to the invention comprises one or more oxidation dyes. The oxidation dyes are generally chosen from one or more oxidation bases optionally combined with one or more couplers. By way of example, the oxidation bases are chosen from para-phenylenediamines, bis-phenylalkylenediamines, para-aminophenols, ortho-aminophenols, heterocyclic bases and their addition salts.

Among the paraphenylenediamines, there may be mentioned, for example, para-phenylenediamine, paratoluylenediamine, 2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine, 2,3-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,5-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N, N-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N, N-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N, N-dipropyl-para-phenylenediamine, 4-amino-N, N-diethyl-3-methylaniline, N, N- bis (13-hydroxyethyl) paraphenylenediamine, 4-N, N-bis (13-hydroxyethyl) amino-2-methylaniline, 4-N, N-bis (13-hydroxyethyl) amino-2-chloroaniline, 2 13-hydroxyethyl paraphenylenediamine, 2-fluoro-para-phenylenediamine, 2-isopropyl-para-phenylenediamine, N- (13-hydroxypropyl) para-phenylenediamine, 2-hydroxymethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N, N-dimethyl-3-methyl-para-phenylenediamine, N, N- (ethyl, 13-hydroxyethyl) paraphenylenediamine, N- ([3, yd ihyd roxypro pyl) paraphenylenediamine, N- (4'-aminophenyl) paraphenylenediamine, N-phenyl paraphenylenediamine, 2-13-hydroxyethyloxy para-phenylenediamine, 2-13-acetylaminoethyloxy para-phenylenediamine, N - ((3-methoxyethyl) para-phenylenediamine, 4-aminophenylpyrrolidine, 2-thienyl paraphenylenediamine, 243 hydroxyethylamino 5-amino toluene, 3-hydroxy 1- (4'-aminophenyl) pyrrolidine and their addition salts with an acid. Of the paraphenylenediamines mentioned above, para-phenylenediamine, paratoluylenediamine, 2-isopropyl paraphenylenediamine, 2-hydroxy-3-hydroxyethyl paraphenylenediamine, 2-hydroxy-3-hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-dimethyl paraphenylenediamine, 2,6-diethyl paraphenylenediamine, 2,3-dimethyl paraphenylenediamine, N, N-bis- (13-hydroxyethyl) paraphenylenediamine, 2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine, 2-13-acetylaminoethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine, and their acid addition salts are particularly preferred . Among the bis-phenylalkylenediamines, mention may be made, by way of example, of N, N1-bis- ([3-hydroxyethyl) N, N'-bis- (4'-aminophenyl) 1,3-diamino propanol, N N, N - bis - ([3-hydroxyethyl) N, N'-bis- (4'-aminophenyl) ethylenediamine, N, N'-bis- (4-aminophenyl) tetramethylenediamine, N, N'-bis- ( 13-hydroxyethyl) N, N'-bis (4-aminophenyl) tetramethylenediamine, N, N'-bis- (4-methylaminophenyl) tetramethylenediamine, N, N'-bis (ethyl) N, N ' -bis- (4'-amino, 3'-methylphenyl) ethylenediamine, 1,8-bis (2,5-diamino phenoxy) -3,6-dioxaoctane, and their addition salts. Among para-aminophenols, para-aminophenol, 4-amino-3-methylphenol, 4-amino-3-fluoro phenol, 4-amino-3-chlorophenol, 4- amino 3-hydroxymethyl phenol, 4-amino-2-methylphenol, 4-amino-2-hydroxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-methoxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-aminomethylphenol, 4-amino-2- hydroxyethyl aminomethyl) phenol, 4-amino-2-fluoro phenol, and their addition salts with an acid. Among the ortho-aminophenols, there may be mentioned by way of example, 2-amino phenol, 2-amino-5-methylphenol, 2-amino-6-methylphenol, 5-acetamido-2-amino phenol, and their addition salts.

Among the heterocyclic bases that may be mentioned by way of example are pyridine derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives and pyrazole derivatives. Among the pyridine derivatives, mention may be made of the compounds described for example in patents GB 1 026 978 and GB 1 153 196, such as 2,5-diaminopyridine, 2- (4-methoxyphenyl) amino 3-amino pyridine, 3,4-diamino pyridine, and their addition salts. Other pyridinic oxidation bases useful in the present invention are the 3-amino pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridines oxidation bases or their addition salts described for example in the patent application FR 2801308. By way of example, mention may be made of pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamine; 2-acetylamino pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamine; 2-morpholin-4-yl-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamine; 3-aminopyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-2-carboxylic acid; 2-methoxy-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamino; (3-Amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-7-yl) -methanol; 2- (3-aminopyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-5-yl) ethanol; 2- (3-Amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-7-yl) -ethanol; (3-Amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-2-yl) -methanol; 3,6-diaminopyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridine; 3,4-diamino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridine; pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridine-3,7-diamine; 7-morpholin-4-yl-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamine; pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridine-3,5-diamine; 5-morpholin-4-yl-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-3-ylamine; 2 - [(3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-5-yl) - (2-hydroxyethyl) amino] ethanol; 2 - [(3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-7-yl) - (2-hydroxyethyl) amino] ethanol; 3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-5-ol; 3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-4-ol; 3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-6-ol; 3-amino-pyrazolo [1,5-a] pyridin-7-ol; as well as their addition salts. Among the pyrimidine derivatives, mention may be made of the compounds described, for example, in DE 2359399; JP 88-169571; JP 05-63124; EP 0770375 or patent application WO 96/15765 such as 2,4,5,6-tetraaminopyrimidine, 4-hydroxy 2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine, 2-hydroxy 4,5,6-triaminopyrimidine, , 4-dihydroxy-5,6-diaminopyrimidine, 2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine and their addition salts and tautomeric forms, when tautomeric equilibrium exists.

Among the pyrazole derivatives, mention may be made of the compounds described in DE 3843892, DE 4133957 and patent applications WO 94/08969, WO 94/08970, FRA-2 733 749 and DE 195 43 988, such as 4,5-diamino 1-methyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino 1- (3-hydroxyethyl) pyrazole, 3,4-diamino pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1- (4'-chlorobenzyl) pyrazole, 4,5-diamino 1 , 3-dimethyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1-methyl-3-phenylpyrazole, 4-amino-1,3-dimethyl-5-hydrazino pyrazole, benzyl 4,5-diamino-3-methyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-tert-butyl-1-methyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1-tert-butyl-3-methyl-pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1- ([3-hydroxyethyl) 3-methylpyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3-methylpyrazole, 4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3- (4'-methoxyphenyl) pyrazole, 4,5-diamino 1-ethyl 3-hydroxymethyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-hydroxymethyl-1-methyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-hydroxymethyl-1-isopropyl pyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-meth 1-isopropyl pyrazole, 4-amino 5- (2'-aminoethyl) amino 1,3-dimethyl pyrazole, 3,4,5-triamino pyrazole, 1-methyl 3,4,5-triamino pyrazole, 3,5-diamino-1-methyl-4-methylamino pyrazole, 3,5-diamino 4 - ([3-hydroxyethyl) amino-1-methyl pyrazole, and their addition salts. It is also possible to use 4-5-diamino-1 - ([3-methoxyethyl) pyrazole.

Preferably, a 4,5-diaminopyrazole and even more preferably 4,5-diamino-1 - ([3-hydroxyethyl) pyrazole and / or one of its salts will be used. As pyrazole derivatives, there may also be mentioned diamino N, Ndihydropyrazolopyrazolones and especially those described in application FR-A2 886 136 such as the following compounds and their addition salts: 2,3-diamino-6,7-d 1hydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 2-amino-3-ethylamino-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1 one, 2-amino-3-isopropylamino-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 2-amino-3- (pyrrolidin-1-yl) -6, 7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 4,5-diamino-1,2-dimethyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one, 4.5- diamino-1,2-diethyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one, 4,5-diamino-1,2-di- (2-hydroxyethyl) -1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one, 2-amino-3- (2-hydroxyethyl) amino-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 2-amino-3-dimethylamino-6,7-dihydro 1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one, 2,3-diamino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H, 6H-pyridazino [1,2-a] pyrazol-1 -one, 4-aminodo-1,2-diethyl-5- (pyrrolidin-1-yl) -1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one, 4-amino-5- (3-dimethyl) amino-pyrrolidin-1-yl) -1,2-diethyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one, 2,3-diamino-6-hydroxy-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one. It will be preferred to use 2,3-diamino-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2-a] pyrazol-1-one and / or a salt thereof. As heterocyclic bases, 4,5-diamino-1 - ([3-hydroxyethyl) pyrazole and / or 2,3-diamino-6,7-dihydro-1H, 5H-pyrazolo [1,2] will preferably be used. -a] pyrazol-1-one and / or a salt thereof. The composition according to the invention may optionally comprise one or more couplers advantageously chosen from those conventionally used for dyeing keratinous fibers. Among these couplers, there may be mentioned meta-phenylenediamines, meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols, naphthalenic couplers, heterocyclic couplers and their addition salts. By way of example, mention may be made of 1,3-dihydroxybenzene, 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylbenzene, 4-chloro-1,3-dihydroxybenzene and 2,4-diamino-1- (11- hydroxyethyloxy) benzene, 2-amino 4- (11-hydroxyethylamino) 1-methoxybenzene, 1,3-diamino benzene, 1,3-bis- (2,4-diaminophenoxy) propane, 3-ureido aniline, 3-ureido-dimethylamino benzene, sesamol, 1-11-hydroxyethylamino-3,4-methylenedioxybenzene, α-naphthol, 2-methyl-1-naphthol, 6-hydroxyindole, 4-hydroxyindole, 4-hydroxy N-methylindole, 2-amino-3-hydroxypyridine, 6-hydroxybenzomorpholine 3,5-diamino-2,6-dimethoxypyridine, 1-N- (11-hydroxyethyl) amino-3 , 4-methylene dioxybenzene, 2,6-bis- (R-hydroxyethylamino) toluene, 6-hydroxy indoline, 2,6-dihydroxy-4-methyl pyridine, 1-H 3 -methyl pyrazole 5-one, 1-phenyl-3-methyl pyrazole-5-one, 2,6-dimethyl pyrazolo [1,5-b] -1,2,4-triazole, 2,6-dimethyl [3,2-c] -1, 2,4-triazole, 6-methyl pyrazo lo [1,5-a] benzimidazole, their addition salts with an acid, and mixtures thereof.

In general, the addition salts of the oxidation bases and couplers that can be used in the context of the invention are chosen especially from the addition salts with an acid such as hydrochlorides, hydrobromides, sulphates, citrates, succinates, tartrates, lactates, tosylates, benzenesulfonates, phosphates and acetates.

The oxidation base (s) each advantageously represent from 0.0001 to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and preferably from 0.005 to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. The content of the coupler (s), if they are (are) present, are each advantageously from 0.0001 to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and preferably from 0.005 to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. The composition according to the invention may optionally comprise, optionally in addition to the oxidation dye (s) and preferably in addition to the oxidation dye (s), one or more direct dyes, synthetic or natural, chosen from ionic or non-ionic species. ionic, preferably cationic or nonionic. As examples of suitable direct dyes, mention may be made of azo direct dyes; methinic; carbonyls; azinic; nitro (hetero) aryl; tri- (hetero) aryl methanes; porphyrins; phthalocyanines and natural direct dyes, alone or in mixtures. Among the natural direct dyes that may be used according to the invention, lawsone, juglone, alizarin, purpurine, carminic acid, kermesic acid, purpurogalline, protocatechaldehyde, indigo, isatin , curcumin, spinulosin, apigenidine, orceins. It is also possible to use the extracts or decoctions containing these natural dyes, and in particular poultices or extracts made from henna. When present, the direct dye (s) more particularly represent from 0.0001 to 10% by weight of the total weight of the composition, and preferably from 0.005 to 5% by weight.

The composition according to the invention may also comprise one or more surfactants which may especially be chosen from anionic, nonionic, cationic, amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants.

Preferably, the surfactant or surfactants are chosen from nonionic surfactants or from anionic surfactants. The term "anionic surfactant" is understood to mean a surfactant comprising as ionic or ionizable groups only anionic groups. These anionic groups are preferably chosen from the groups -CO2H, -002-, -SO3H, -SO3-, -OSO3H, -OSO3-, -H2PO3, -HPO3-, -PO32-, -H2PO2, = HPO2, -HPO2 -, = P02-, = POH, = PO-. As examples of anionic surfactants that can be used in the composition according to the invention, mention may be made of alkyl sulphates, alkyl ether sulphates, alkylamido ether sulphates, alkylaryl polyether sulphates, monoglyceride sulphates, alkyl sulphonates, alkyl amide sulphonates and alkyl aryl sulphonates. , alpha-olefinsulfonates, paraffin-sulfonates, alkylsulfosuccinates, alkylethersulfosuccinates, alkylamide-sulfosuccinates, alkylsulfoacetates, acylsarcosinates, acylglutamates, alkylsulfosuccinamates, acylisethionates and N-acyltaurates, monoesters salts of alkyl and polyglycoside-polycarboxylic acids, acyllactylates, D-galactoside-uronic acid salts, alkyl ether-carboxylic acid salts, alkyl aryl ether-carboxylic acid salts, alkyl acid salts amidoether carboxylic acids; and the corresponding non-salified forms of all these compounds; the alkyl and acyl groups of all these compounds having from 6 to 24 carbon atoms and the aryl group denoting a phenyl group. These compounds may be oxyethylenated and then preferably comprise from 1 to 50 ethylene oxide units. The salts of C 6 -C 24 alkyl monoesters and of polyglycoside-polycarboxylic acids may be chosen from C 6 -C 24 alkyl polyglycoside citrates, C 6 -C 24 alkyl polyglycoside tartrates and polyglycoside sulfosuccinates. C6-C24 alkyl. When the agent or the anionic surfactants are in the salt form, they may be chosen from alkali metal salts such as the sodium or potassium salt and preferably sodium salt, ammonium salts, amine salts and in particular aminoalcohols or alkaline earth metal salts such as magnesium salt. By way of example of aminoalcohol salts, mention may be made in particular of the salts of mono-, di- and triethanolamine, the salts of mono-, di- or triisopropanolamine and the salts of 2-amino-2-methyl-1- propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol and tris (hydroxymethyl) amino methane.

The alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts and in particular the sodium or magnesium salts are preferably used. The anionic surfactants that may be present may be mild anionic surfactants, that is to say without sulfate function.

As regards the mild anionic surfactants, mention may be made in particular of the following compounds and their salts, as well as their mixtures: the polyoxyalkylenated alkyl ether carboxylic acids, the polyoxyalkylenated alkylaryl ether carboxylic acids, the polyoxyalkylenated alkylamido ether carboxylic acids, in particular those comprising 2 to 50 ethylene oxide groups, alkyl D galactoside uronic acids, acylsarcosinates, acylglutamates, and alkylpolyglycoside carboxylic esters. In particular, it is possible to use polyoxyalkylenated alkyl ether carboxylic acids, such as, for example, lauryl ether carboxylic acid (4.5%) sold, for example, under the name AKYPO RLM 45 CA from KAO. The nonionic surfactants are more particularly chosen from mono or polyoxyalkylenated, mono- or polyglycerolated nonionic surfactants. The oxyalkylenated units are more particularly oxyethylenated units, oxypropylene, or their combination, preferably oxyethylenated. By way of examples of oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactants, mention may be made of: oxyalkylenated (C 8 -C 24) alkyl phenols, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, oxyalkylenated C 8 -C 30 alcohols, amides, C8-030, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, oxyalkylenated, - linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C 8 -C 30 acid esters, and polyethylene glycols, saturated C 8 -C 30 acid esters, or not, linear or branched, and polyoxyethylenated sorbitol, - oxyethylenated vegetable oils, saturated or not, - condensates of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, among others, alone or in mixtures. Surfactants having a number of moles of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide of from 1 to 100, preferably from 2 to 50, preferably from 2 to 30. Advantageously, the nonionic surfactants do not comprise oxypropylene units. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the oxyalkylenated nonionic surfactants are chosen from oxyethylenated C 8 -C 30 alcohols comprising from 1 to 100 moles of ethylene oxide; linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C 8 -C 30 acid esters of polyoxyethylenated sorbitol comprising from 1 to 100 moles of ethylene oxide.

By way of example of mono- or polyglycerolated nonionic surfactants, the C 8 -C 40 alcohols, mono- or polyglycerolated, are preferably used. In particular, the mono- or poly-glycerolated C 8 -C 40 alcohols correspond to the following formula: RO 4 CH 2 -CH (CH 2 OH) -O] mH in which R represents a linear or branched, C 8 -C 40 alkyl or alkenyl radical, preferably C 8 -C 30, and m represents a number ranging from 1 to 30 and preferably from 1 to 10. By way of example of compounds which are suitable in the context of the invention, mention may be made of lauryl alcohol 4 moles of glycerol (INCI name: POLYGLYCERYL-4 LAURYL ETHER), lauric alcohol with 1.5 moles of glycerol, oleic alcohol with 4 moles of glycerol (INCI name: POLYGLYCERYL-4 OLEYL ETHER), alcohol oleic acid with 2 moles of glycerol (INCI name: POLYGLYCERYL-2 OLEYL ETHER), cetearyl alcohol with 2 moles of glycerol, cetearyl alcohol with 6 moles of glycerol, oleocetyl alcohol with 6 moles of glycerol, and octadecanol with 6 moles of glycerol.

The alcohol can be a mixture of alcohols in the same way that the value of m represents a statistical value, which means that in a commercial product several species of polyglycerolated fatty alcohols can coexist as a mixture. Among the mono- or poly-glycerolated alcohols, it is more particularly preferred to use the alcohol C8 / 010 to one mole of glycerol, the alcohol in 010/012 to 1 mole of glycerol and the alcohol in 0 to 1.5 mole of glycerol. Preferably, the surfactant present in the composition is a nonionic surfactant.

The content of surfactants in the composition is more particularly from 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 30% by weight relative to the weight of the composition.

The composition may also contain various adjuvants conventionally used in hair dyeing compositions, such as anionic, nonionic, amphoteric or zwitterionic polymers or mixtures thereof; antioxidants; penetrants; sequestering agents; perfumes ; dispersants; film-forming agents; ceramides; preservatives; opacifying agents.

The adjuvants above are generally present in an amount for each of them between 0.01 and 20% by weight relative to the weight of the composition. The composition may also comprise one or more inorganic thickening agents chosen from organophilic clays, pyrogenic silicas, or mixtures thereof. The organophilic clay may be selected from montmorillonite, bentonite, hectorite, attapulgite, sepiolite, and mixtures thereof. The clay is preferably a bentonite or a hectorite.

These clays can be modified with a chemical compound chosen from quaternary amines, tertiary amines, amino acetates, imidazolines, amine soaps, fatty sulphates, alkyl aryl sulphonates, amine oxides, and mixtures thereof. As organophilic clays, mention may be made of quaternium-18 bentonites such as those sold under the names Bentone 3, Bentone 38, Bentone 38V by Rheox, Tixogel VP by United catalyst, Claytone 34, Claytone 40, Claytone XL by Southern Clay Company; stearalkonium bentonites such as those sold under the names Bentone 27 by Rheox, Tixogel LG by United Catalyst, Claytone AF, Claytone APA by Southern Clay; quaternium-18 / benzalkonium bentonite such as those sold under the names Claytone HT, Claytone PS by Southern Clay; quaternium-18 / benzalkonium bentonite such as those sold under the names Claytone HT, Claytone PS by Southern Clay, Quaternium-18 Hectorites such as those sold under the names Bentone Gel DOA, Bentone Gel ECO5, Bentone Gel EUG, Bentone IPP Gel, Bentone Gel ISD, Bentone Gel SS71, Bentone Gel VS8, Bentone Gel VS38 by Rhéox and Simagel M, Simagel SI 345 by Biophil. The fumed silicas can be obtained by high temperature hydrolysis of a volatile silicon compound in an oxyhydrogen flame, producing a finely divided silica. This process makes it possible in particular to obtain hydrophilic silicas which have a large number of silanol groups on their surface. Such hydrophilic silicas are, for example, sold under the names "AEROSIL 130®", "AEROSIL 200®", "AEROSIL 255®", "AEROSIL 300®", "AEROSIL 380®" by the company Degussa, "CAB-O- SIL HS-5® "," CAB-O-SIL EH-5® "," CAB-O-SIL LM-130® "," CAB-O-SIL MS-55® "," CAB-O-SIL M -5® "by the company Cabot. It is possible to chemically modify the surface of the silica by chemical reaction in order to reduce the number of silanol groups. In particular, it is possible to substitute silanol groups with hydrophobic groups: a hydrophobic silica is then obtained. The hydrophobic groups may be: trimethylsiloxyl groups, which are especially obtained by treatment of fumed silica in the presence of hexamethyldisilazane. Silicas thus treated are called "silica silylate" according to the CTFA (6th edition, 1995). They are for example sold under the references "AEROSIL R812®" by the company Degussa, "CAB-O-SIL TS-530®" by Cabot. - Dimethylsilyloxyl or polydimethylsiloxane groups, which are obtained in particular by treatment of fumed silica in the presence of polydimethylsiloxane or dimethyldichlorosilane. Silicas thus treated are called "Silica dimethyl silylate" according to the CTFA (6th edition, 1995). They are for example sold under the references "AEROSIL R972®", "AEROSIL R974®" by the company Degussa, "CAB-O-SIL TS-610®", "CAB-O-SIL TS-720®" by the company Pooch. The fumed silica preferably has a particle size that may be nanometric to micrometric, for example ranging from about 5 to 200 nm.

Preferably, the composition as a mineral thickener comprises a hectorite, an organomodified bentonite or an optionally modified pyrogenic silica. When present, the mineral thickening agent represents from 1 to 30% by weight relative to the weight of the composition. The composition may also include one or more organic thickeners. These thickening agents may be chosen from fatty acid amides (diethanol or coconut monoethanol amide, oxyethylenated alkyl ether carboxylic acid monoethanolamide), polymeric thickeners such as cellulosic thickeners (hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose), guar gum and its derivatives (hydroxypropylguar), gums of microbial origin (xanthan gum, scleroglucan gum), crosslinked homopolymers of acrylic acid or acrylamidopropanesulfonic acid and associative polymers (polymers comprising hydrophilic zones, and hydrophobic zones with a fatty chain (alkyl, alkenyl comprising at least 10 carbon atoms) capable, in an aqueous medium, of reversibly associating with each other or with other molecules).

According to one particular embodiment, the organic thickener is chosen from cellulose thickeners (hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose), guar gum and its derivatives (hydroxypropylguar), gums of microbial origin (xanthan gum, scleroglucan gum). ), the crosslinked homopolymers of acrylic acid or acrylamidopropanesulfonic acid, and preferably from cellulosic thickeners with in particular hydroxyethylcellulose.

The content of organic thickening agent (s), if present, usually ranges from 0.01% to 20% by weight, based on the weight of the composition, preferably from 0.1 to 5% by weight.

The composition of the invention preferably comprises at least water and optionally one or more organic solvents. As organic solvent, there may be mentioned for example linear or branched, preferably saturated monoalcohols or diols, comprising 2 to 10 carbon atoms, such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, hexylene glycol (2 methyl 2,4-pentanediol), neopentyl glycol and 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol; aromatic alcohols such as benzyl alcohol, phenylethyl alcohol; glycerol; polyols or polyol ethers such as, for example, ethylene glycol monomethyl, monoethyl and monobutyl ethers, 2-butoxyethanol, propylene glycol or its ethers such as, for example, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, butylene glycol, dipropylene glycol; and the alkyl ethers of diethylene glycol, especially C1-C4, for example, monoethyl ether or monobutyl ether diethylene glycol, alone or in mixture. The organic solvents, when they are present, generally represent between 1 and 40% by weight relative to the total weight of the dye composition, and preferably between 5 and 30% by weight relative to the total weight of the dyeing composition. . Preferably, the composition of the invention contains water. Advantageously, the water concentration can range from 10 to 70% by weight, preferably from 20 to 55% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

The dye composition according to the invention may be in various forms, such as in the form of liquids, creams, gels, or in any other form suitable for dyeing keratinous fibers, and especially human hair.

Advantageously, the composition according to the invention is in the form of a gel or a cream. The pH of the composition according to the invention is advantageously between 3 and 12, preferably between 5 and 11. Preferably between 7 and 11 inclusive. It can be adjusted to the desired value by means of acidifying or alkalizing agents usually used for dyeing keratin fibers or else using conventional buffer systems. The alkaline agents are for example those described above.

Acidifying agents include, for example, inorganic or organic acids such as hydrochloric acid, orthophosphoric acid, carboxylic acids such as tartaric acid, citric acid, acid lactic acid, or sulfonic acids. The composition of the invention may be obtained by mixing at least two different compositions, or even three or possibly more than three different compositions. One or more of the compositions leading by mixing to the composition of the invention may be anhydrous. Note that the composition according to the invention is prepared just before its application to human keratin fibers.

By anhydrous compositions, is meant more particularly compositions whose water content is equal to 0 or less than 5% by weight, preferably less than 2% by weight, and even more particularly less than 1% by weight, by relative to the weight of said composition. It should be noted that the water may also be in the form of bound water, such as the water of crystallization of the salts or traces of water absorbed by the raw materials used in the production of the compositions according to the invention. According to a first variant, the composition according to the invention is obtained by mixing a first composition comprising one or more fatty substances, optionally one or more dyes chosen from oxidation dyes, direct dyes, or mixtures thereof, preferably one or a plurality of oxidation dyes, with a second composition comprising one or more oxidizing agents, preferably hydrogen peroxide; the cationic polymer (s) of the invention being in the first composition and / or in the second composition and the alkalinizing agent (s) also being in the first composition and / or in the second composition and preferably in the first composition. According to a second variant of the invention, the composition according to the invention is obtained by mixing a first composition comprising one or more fatty substances; a second composition comprising one or more alkalinizing agents, optionally one or more dyes chosen from oxidation dyes, direct dyes, or mixtures thereof; preferably one or more oxidation dyes; and a third composition comprising one or more oxidizing agents, preferably hydrogen peroxide; the cationic polymer or polymers of the invention found in one or the other of the above three compositions. The first composition may in particular be anhydrous. The ingredients of the aforementioned compositions and their contents are determined according to the characteristics detailed previously for the final composition according to the invention.

In each of the aforementioned variants, the composition comprising the oxidizing agent (oxidizing composition) is preferably an aqueous composition. In particular, it comprises more than 5% by weight of water, preferably more than 10% by weight of water, and even more advantageously more than 20% by weight of water. It may also comprise one or more organic solvents chosen from those listed previously; the latter more particularly, when present, from 1 to 40% by weight relative to the weight of the oxidizing composition, and preferably from 5 to 30% by weight.

The oxidizing composition also preferably comprises one or more acidifying agents. Among the acidifying agents, mention may be made, for example, of mineral or organic acids such as hydrochloric acid, orthophosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, carboxylic acids such as acetic acid, tartaric acid citric acid, lactic acid, sulphonic acids.

Usually, the pH of the oxidizing composition, when it is aqueous, is less than 7. Preferably, the oxidizing composition comprises hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing agent, in aqueous solution, the concentration of which varies, more particularly , from 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably between 0.5 and 20% by weight, and even more preferably between 1 and 15% by weight, relative to the weight of the oxidizing composition. The dyeing or lightening process according to the invention therefore consists in applying the composition according to the invention to human keratin fibers, dry or wet. The composition is then left in place for a period usually ranging from one minute to one hour, preferably from 5 minutes to 30 minutes. The temperature during the process is typically between room temperature (between 15 and 25 ° C) and 80 ° C, preferably between room temperature and 60 ° C. At the end of the treatment, the human keratin fibers are optionally rinsed with water, optionally washed with a shampoo followed by rinsing with water, before being dried or allowed to dry. The following example serves to illustrate the invention without being limiting in nature. EXAMPLES Example 1 The following compositions are prepared (unless otherwise indicated, the quantities are expressed in g% of product as such): Composition 1 Disteardimonium hectorite (Bentone 38 VCG) 3 Octyldodecanol 11.5 Glycol distearate 8 Vaseline oil 64, 5 Propylene carbonate 1 Laureth-2 1 Polysorbate 21 11 Composition 2 and 2 '2 2 Pentasodium pentetate 10 Sodium metabisulfite 0.7 0.7 Monoethanolamine 20.06 20.06 Toluene-2,5-diamine 0.22 0.22 2,4-diaminophenoxyethanol hydrochloride 0.025 0.025 N, N-Bis (2-Hydroxyethyl) -p-phenylenediamine 0.04 0.04 Resorcinol 0.15 0.15 m-Aminophenol 0.05 0.05 Hydroxyethylcellulose (Natrosol 250 HHR, Aqualon) 1.5 1.5 Hexylene glycol 3 3 Polycondensate tetramethyl hexamethylenediamine / 155 3.33 dichloro 1,3-propylene (60% aqueous solution; (2.0 MA *) Hexadimethrin chloride) (Chimex PO Mexomere) (0.93 MA *) Polydimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (solution 3.1 - 33% aqueous non-stabilized Polyquaternium-6) (Nalco Merquat 106) (1.023 MA) Dipropylene Glycol 3 3 Ethanol 8.25 8.25 Propylene Glycol 6.2 6.2 Ascorbic Acid 0.25 0.25 Water Qsp 100 Qsp 100 * MA = Active Ingredient Composition 3 Hydrogen peroxide (50 (YO) 18 aqueous solution (9 MA) Tetrasodium tetraiodide 0.2 Tetrasodium pyrophosphate 0.04 Vaseline oil 50 Sodium salicylate 0.035 Glycerine 0.5 Cetyl stearyl alcohol (C16 / C18) / 70 - NAFOL 1618F) 6 oxyethylenated stearyl alcohol (20E) 5 Oxide anionic acid amide (40E) 1,3 Vitamin E: DL-α-tocopherol 0.1 Phosphoric acid Qs pH 2.2 water Qs 100 All the compositions obtained are stable and in particular compositions 2 and 2 '.

Method of Application The compositions detailed above are mixed at the time of use in the following proportions: 10 g of the composition 4 g of the composition 2 or the composition 2 g of the composition 3 The resulting mixtures are then applied to locks of dark blond pigmented hair at the rate of 10 g of mixture per 1 g of hair. The mixture is left at room temperature for 50 minutes.

The hair is then rinsed, washed with standard shampoo and dried. We obtain very light blond locks with a natural reflection (visual evaluation).

EXAMPLE 2 The following compositions are prepared (the amounts are expressed in g% of active material): Composition 1 Disteardimonium hectorite (Bentone 38 VCG) 3 Octyldodecanol 11.5 Glycol Distearate 8 Vaseline Oil 64.5 Propylene Carbonate 1 Laureth -2 1 Polysorbate 21 11 Composition 2 and 2 '2 2 Pentasodium pentetate 10 Sodium metabisulfite 0.7 0.7 Monoethanolamine 20.1 20.1 Toluene-2,5-diamine 0.37 0.37 Hydrochloride 2 , 4-diaminophenoxyethanol 0.08 0.08 N, N-Bis (2-Hydroxyethyl) -p-phenylenediamine sulphate 0.085 0.085 2-methyl-5-hydroxyethylaminophenol 0.11 0.11 Resorcinol 0.21 0.21 m aminophenol 0.13 0.13 Hydroxyethylcellulose (Natrosol 250 HHR, Aqualon) 1.55 1.55 Hexylene glycol 3 3 Polycondensate tetramethyl hexamethylenediamine / 1.55 (0.93 3.33 (2.0 MA) 1,3-dichloro propylene (40% aqueous solution, MA) Hexadimethrin chloride) (Chimex PO Mexomere) Polydimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (solution 3.1 (1.023 - 40% aqueous) n stabilized, Polyquaternium-6) (Nalco Merquat 106) MA) Dipropylene Glycol 3 3 Ethanol 8.25 8.25 Propylene Glycol 6.2 6.2 Ascorbic acid 0.25 0.25 water Qsp 100 QSP 1005 Composition 3 Peroxide of hydrogen (50 (YO) 24 aqueous solution (12 MA) Tetrasodium tetraiodide 0.2 Tetrasodium pyrophosphate 0.04 Vaseline oil 50 Sodium salicylate 0.035 Glycerine 0.5 Cetylstearyl alcohol (C16 / C18 30/70 - NAFOL 1618F ) 6 oxyethylenated stearyl alcohol (20 OE) 5 Oxyethylene rapeseed acid amide (40E) 1.3 Vitamin E: DL-α-tocopherol 0.1 Phosphoric acid Qs pH 2.2 water Qsp 100 All these compositions are stable and in particular compositions 2 and 2 '.

Method of Application The three compositions detailed above are mixed at the time of use in the following proportions: 10 g of the composition 1 g of the composition 2 or the composition 25 g of the composition 3. The resulting mixtures are then applied to dark brown locks of hair pigmented with 10 g of mixture per 1 g of hair. The mixture is left at room temperature for 50 minutes. The hair is then rinsed, washed with standard shampoo and dried.

Dark blonde locks are obtained with a natural reflection (visual evaluation).

Claims (18)

REVENDICATIONS1. Coloring or lightening composition of human keratin fibers, characterized in that it comprises: (a) at least 25% by weight of one or more fatty substances; (b) one or more cationic polymers having a weight average molecular weight of 50,000 or less; (c) one or more basifying agents; (d) at least one oxidizing agent in a content greater than or equal to 5% by weight (e) optionally one or more dyes chosen from oxidation dyes, direct dyes, or mixtures thereof. 2. Composition according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the one or more fatty substances are chosen from C6-C16 lower alkanes, non-silicone oils of animal, plant, mineral or synthetic origin, fatty alcohols, fatty acids. fatty acid esters and / or fatty alcohol, non-silicone waxes, silicones. 3. Composition according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the one or more fatty substances are chosen from liquid or pasty compounds at ambient temperature and at atmospheric pressure, preferably liquid at room temperature and at atmospheric pressure. 4. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fatty substance is chosen from liquid petrolatum, polydecenes, esters which are liquid at room temperature and at atmospheric pressure of fatty acid and / or of fatty alcohol, fatty alcohols that are liquid at room temperature and at atmospheric pressure, or mixtures thereof. 5. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least 30% by weight of one or more fatty substances, preferably at least 40% by weight, more preferably at least 45% by weight. more preferably at least 50% by weight. 6. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cationic polymer with a molecular weight less than or equal to 50,000 is chosen from: cyclopolymers of alkyl diallyl amine or dialkyl diallyl ammonium such as homopolymers or copolymers comprising, as the main constituent of the chain, units corresponding to formulas O or (II): ## STR2 ## ## STR2 ## R7 R8 / (CH2) k - (CH2) t- CR9 1 C (R9) -CI-12-H2COH2 NN / I R7 where k and t are 0 or 1, the sum k + t being 10 equal to 1; R9 denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical; R7 and R8, independently of each other, denote a C1-C8 alkyl group, a C1-C5 hydroxyalkyl group, an amidoalkyl group whose alkyl is C1-C4; R7 and R8 may also designate together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, a heterocyclic group; Y- is an organic or mineral anion; - Quaternary diammonium polymers containing repeating units of formula: ## STR2 ## 1. In which: R10, R11, R12 and R13, which may be identical or different, represent aliphatic, alicyclic or arylaliphatic radicals in Cl-C20 or hydroxyalkylaliphatic radicals whose alkyl radical is in Cl-C4, or R10 R11, R12 and R13, together or separately, together with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached, form heterocycles optionally containing a second heteroatom other than nitrogen, or R10, R11, R12 and R13 represent (III) a radical. linear or branched C1-C6 alkyl substituted with nitrile, ester, acyl, amide or -O-O-R14-D or -CO-NH-R14-D wherein R14 is alkylene and D is quaternary ammonium; Al and B1 represent linear or branched, C 2 -C 20 polymethylenic groups, saturated or unsaturated, and which may contain, bound to or intercalated in the main chain, one or more aromatic rings, or one or more oxygen atoms, sulfur or sulfoxide, sulfone, disulfide, amino, alkylamino, hydroxyl, quaternary ammonium, ureido, amide or ester groups, and X- is an anion derived from a mineral or organic acid; A1, R10 and R12 can form with the two nitrogen atoms to which they are attached a piperazine ring; furthermore, if Al denotes a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkylene or hydroxyalkylene radical, B1 may also denote a - (CH2) n -CO-D-OC- (CH2) n- group in which n is between 1 and 100; and D denotes: a) a glycol residue of the formula: -O-Z-O-, where Z is - (Cl-12-Cl-12-O) x-Cl-12-Cl-12; - [CH 2 -CH (CH 3) -O] -CH 2 -CH (CH 3) - where x and y denote an integer from 1 to 4, representing a defined and unique degree of polymerization or any number from 1 to 4 representing a average degree of polymerization; b) a remainder of bis-secondary diamine; c) a bis-primary diamine residue of formula: -NH-Y-NH-, where Y denotes a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical, or the radical -CH 2 -CH 2 -S-S-CH 2 -CH 2 -; d) a ureylene group of formula: -NH-CO-NH-. and their mixtures. 7. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cationic polymer is chosen from: homopolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, polymers which consist of repeating units corresponding to the following formula (IV): R10 Wherein R10, R11, R12 and R13, which may be identical or different, denote a C1-4 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical; n and p are integers ranging from about 2 to about 6 and X- is an anion derived from an inorganic or organic acid, and preferably from cationic polymers comprising the repeating units of formulas (W) and (U) following: ## STR5 ## CH 2) 3 -N + Br - (CH 2) 3 -] - (U) Br CH 3 C 2 H 5 and mixtures thereof. 8. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solids content of cationic polymer (s) ranges from 0.005 to 5% by weight, more particularly from 0.05 to 5% by weight. relative to the weight of the composition. 15 9. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the alkalinizing agent (s) is (are) chosen from ammonia, alkali carbonates or bicarbonates, sodium or potassium hydroxides and organic amines whose pKb at 25.degree. ° C is less than 12, and preferably less than 10, still more preferably less than 6. 10. Composition according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the organic amine is an alkanolamine, preferably monoethanolamine. 25 11. Composition according to Claim 9, characterized in that the organic amine is chosen from basic amino acids. 12. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises, as oxidation dyes, one or more oxidation bases selected from para-phenylenediamines, bis-phenylalkylenediamines, para-aminophenols, ortho-aminophenols, heterocyclic bases and their addition salts. 13. Composition according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises one or more couplers chosen from meta-phenylenediamines, meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols, naphthalenic couplers, heterocyclic couplers and their addition salts. 14. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises as direct dyes, ionic or nonionic dyes, azo; methinic; carbonyls; azinic; nitro (hetero) aryl; tri- (hetero) aryl methanes; porphyrins; phthalocyanines and natural direct dyes, alone or in mixtures. 15. A process for dyeing or brightening human keratin fibers, characterized in that a composition according to any one of the preceding claims is applied to said fibers. 16. A process for dyeing or brightening human keratin fibers according to claim 15, characterized in that the composition is obtained by mixing extemporaneously with 2 or 3 compositions. 17. A two-compartment device comprising: in one, a first composition comprising one or more fatty substances, preferably in a content of greater than or equal to 30%, better still greater than or equal to 40%, more preferably greater than or equal to 50%, more preferably greater than or equal to 60% by weight relative to the weight of the first composition and optionally one or more dyes chosen from oxidation dyes, direct dyes, or mixtures thereof, preferably one or more dyes in the other, a second composition comprising at least one oxidizing agent, preferably hydrogen peroxide; the first composition and / or the second composition comprising one or more cationic polymers having a weight average molecular weight less than or equal to 50,000; the first composition and / or the second composition, and preferably the first composition, comprising one or more basifying agents; the compositions of the two compartments being intended to be mixed to give the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14, just before application to human keratin fibers. 18. A device with three compartments comprising: in one, a first composition comprising one or more fatty substances, one or more fatty substances, preferably in a content greater than or equal to 30%, better still greater than or equal to 40%, more preferably greater than or equal to 50% by weight relative to the weight of the first composition, - in another, a second composition comprising one or more alkalinizing agents and optionally one or more dyes chosen from oxidation dyes, direct dyes or mixtures thereof, preferably one or more oxidation dyes; and in the latter, a third composition comprising one or more oxidizing agents and optionally one or more fatty substances, preferably in a content of greater than or equal to 30%, better still greater than or equal to 40%, even more preferably greater than or equal to 50%. % by weight relative to the weight of the third composition; the first, second and / or third compositions comprising one or more cationic polymers having a weight average molecular weight of less than or equal to 50,000, or these being preferably in the first or second composition; the compositions of the three compartments being intended to be mixed to give the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14, just before application to human keratin fibers.